Other criticisms that Burke mentions—that the TRC dealt only with “gross violationsof human rights,” ignoring the systematicbrutality of apartheid’s structure;that launching the commission was a wastefuluse of resources; and that the TRC’sapproach implied some sort of moral paritybetween those who rebelled againstapartheid and those who were its arms—arecommonly referenced in the academic literatureon the commission.“I think a lot of people thought that, inthe end, this was a white liberal’s dream ofjustice—abstract, intellectual, about memoryand history. That isn’t what people whosuffered the hard knocks of apartheid want.It’s what eggheads and lawyers and academicslike,” says Burke. “But apartheid was ahuman phenomenon; it needs understanding.With some degree of genuine curiosity,we need to know why people did thesethings.”Villa-Vicencio, whose department waseffectively responsible for writing the TRC’sfinal report, added that when you’re close tothe commission, you can see its shortcomingsmore clearly. “But, undoubtedly,” hesays, “the success of our process is thatnobody, black or white, can ever say, everagain, that they did not know that sufferinghappened.”Lessac doesn’t disregard the criticisms ofthe TRC but sees them as incidental, givenSouth Africa’s peaceful reconstruction.“What can we expect?” he asks. “We couldnitpick our planet’s way to self-destructionif we don’t recognize that flawed avenues ofprogress often are the only avenues worthpursuing.“At a moment in time, the TRC avoided abloodbath; at a moment in time, it put thetruth on the table,” Lessac says. “At a momentin time, it said, ‘Let’s get on with it.’“If it wasn’t forgiveness, it was a potentialfor forgiveness. If it’s not true reconciliation,at least people behave as if they werereconciled. What if that were the only thingthat really happened?“Even if reconciliation and forgivenessmean nothing more than, ‘I’m going tobreak this cycle of vengeance,’ it’s still astep. It’s a first step.”Truth in Translation has attracted powerfulbackers and rave reviews (see the Bulletin’sreview by Karen Birdsall ’94, page 18). ArchbishopTutu wrote a letter of support for theproject, and other supporters and advisorsinclude Villa-Vicencio; Barbara Masekela,South African ambassador to the UnitedStates; Alex Boraine, deputy chairperson ofthe TRC and founding president of theInternational Center for Transitional Justice;and Anthony Lake, a former nationalsecurity advisor in the Clinton administrationand, currently, a Georgetown Universityprofessor. Hugh Masekela, a South Africanjazz great, composed the show’s music,incorporating excerpts from the original testimonyin the lyrics. Truth in Translation ismusical, but not a musical, Lessac stresses:“In South Africa, music just erupts. It comesout of a need or a celebration, or it comesTruth in Translation played for 22 performancesin Johannesburg in September,and will run from mid-February to earlyMarch in Cape Town. Lessac hopes totake it to conflict zones such as the Balkans,Sierra Leone, and Northern Ireland.out of an anger, or it comes as a weapon.”Max du Preez, a South African journalist,author, and documentary filmmaker, followedthe cast to Rwanda. He wrote in aSept. 1 Mail & Guardian Online article thatTruth in Translation “is pushing the boundariesof South African theatre and will mostlikely be seen as the most important play inrecent times.”PHOTOGRAPHS BY JEFF BARBEE/BLACK STAR22 : swarthmore college bulletin
JEFF BARBEE/BLACK STAR“Last night opened to standing ovations.Still no money to continue, but it’s a stepin the right direction,” Lessac wrote in aSeptember e-mail. Still ahead for Michaeland Jackie is the daunting task of raising$300,000 to $400,000 for each countrythey hope to visit with the cast. Truth inTranslation has garnered significant financialsupport from private foundations andnational organizations in South Africa andthe United States, in addition to Tuscany’sministry of peace, which has pledged to cosponsora cast visit to the Balkans. But muchwork remains. Following September’s Johannesburgrun, the immediate fate of the playwas unclear. The Lessacs would like to bringthe cast to another six to eight countriesover the next 2 years, but they lack the fundsto conclusively move forward toward anylocale. “It’s a pain in the ass to raise money,”Lessac says. “It takes a long, long time,”Jackie says, more diplomatically. “You want[those] people to give to your project whobelieve in it as much as you do.”Producing the play—and now the documentaryfilm—has been a step-by-step“Even if reconciliation andforgiveness mean nothing morethan, ‘I’m going to break thiscycle of vengeance,’ it’s still astep. It’s a first step.”process for the Lessacs, a day-to-day strugglewith day-to-day benchmarks and goals.“I don’t think we ever thought of stopping,”Jackie says. “Even when it got difficult, we’dfinish one phase and figure out what wewould do next and everything would proceedfrom there.”Although clearly frustrated by the stressesof fund-raising, Lessac has confidence inthe power of the documentary he will produce.In addition to footage of the cast’svisit to Rwanda, he has already collectedvideo of the process of creating the play,including a workshop with the actual translators,a script-writing workshop withactors, and a music workshop withMasekela.Lessac believes that Truth in Translationhas potential as a commercial production inNew York, but, for now, he doesn’t want torisk becoming distracted from his purpose ofproffering hope and facilitating dialogueamong people who crave what the TRCoffered: a space to seek truth and, potentially,forgiveness. “They want to talk to us andare totally unthreatened by us, and they dotalk,” Lessac wrote in an August e-mail hetitled “Notes from Rwanda.”“So we travel from genocide memorialsand museums ... to performing in a stadiumfor 10,000 cheering people (music andsongs) ... to talking with victims ... and perps... and hearing stories about people whoactually killed their children because theywere afraid ... to people who wouldn’t talkabout anything to people who had storiesroiling inside them so that they came outlike water from an unstopped faucet....” TElizabeth Redden ’05 is a reporter for Inside-december 2006 : 23