■The Language of PublishingCo-publishing: A venturein which two or moreorganizations, or anorganization and an individual,share the development and/orproduction costs of publishinga book. For example, amuseum underwrites someof the costs of a book aboutits collection published by auniversity press. Today the termis often used by publishers orbook packagers who expectauthors to bear some of thecosts of producing a book.Copyediting: Copy editorsare responsible for style (forexample, which abbreviationsare used, how numbersare referred to, and whichwords are hyphenated), forconsistency throughout amanuscript, and for somefact-checking. They alsocorrect syntax, spelling, andpunctuation.Copy fitting: Designing textto fit into a predeterminedamount of space or numberof pages. It results in thespecification of font andleading (e.g., Helvetica 11/13,meaning 11-point Helveticatype set on 13 points of space(a point is 1/72nd of an inch).Copyright: The exclusive legalright to reproduce, publish,sell, or distribute the matterand form of something suchas a literary, musical, orartistic work. The extent ofcopyright protection and theenforcement of it differ amongcountries. For various reasons,it is wise to register copyrightswith the Library of Congress,although that is not required.<strong>Book</strong> front matter shouldinclude a copyright notice withthe copyright symbol or theword Copyright, the year offirst publication, and the nameof the copyright holder. <strong>Book</strong>titles cannot be copyrighted.For current copyright law, see“Copyright Basics,” copyright.gov/circs/circ01.pdf.Cover art: The design for apaperback’s front, back, andspine, or for a hardcover’s dustcover, aka jacket.Cover stock: A heavier paperused for paperback covers.For additional reading:<strong>Book</strong> Industry Study Group Roadmap of Identifiers,bisg.org/docs/Roadmap_of_Identifiers.pdf; andRoadmap of Organizations, bisg.org/docs/Roadmap_of_Organizations.pdf.Publishing 101 by <strong>Book</strong>masters, bookmasters.com/authors.html.Don’t Let Me Find You Bleeding in the Gutter:Understanding <strong>Book</strong> Terminology by Joel Friedlander,thebookdesigner.com/2011/06/dont-let-me-find-youbleeding-in-the-gutter-understanding-book-terminology.Neenah Paper’s Glossary of Paper Terms,neenahpaper.com/resources/glossaryterms.PBI Print Buyer Glossary, printbuyersinternational.com/resources/print-buyer-glossary.The terms for cover-stockspecifications are differentfrom the terms for text-stockspecifications; a 50# textstock is not the same as the50# cover stock sold in officesupply stores for postcards.An example of a cover-stockspec is 10 pt. C1S, with 10pt. being the weight, and C1Sbeing “coated one side.”CreateSpace: The Amazon.com print-on-demand servicethat produces books usingdigital printing.Creep: The distance marginsshift when signatures arefolded and gathered forinsertion in a book’s cover.The amount of creep willvary depending on both thenumber and the thicknessof the sheets and must becompensated for duringlayout and imposition.Because check copies (F&Gs)and bulking dummies arehand-folded, they may notaccurately represent creep.Crop: To reduce the size orchange the dimensions of anillustration by removing partof one or more sides ratherthan reducing the size of theentire image.Crop marks: Lines on thecamera-ready art that showwhere cuts will be made forthe final trim (see Bleed ).Cross-reference: A term thatrefers the reader to relatedmaterial within the same work.CSR: Customer servicerepresentative. CSRs aresometimes employed byprinters and publishers toreplace salespeople as theliaison between the customerand the production staff,since they are in-house staffand can be more availablefor a customer’s queries thansalespeople. CSRs do nottypically have productionexperience and so mustconsult printing or binderystaff on technical questions.CTP: Computer-to-plate,the prepress process usedwhen everything is digital—that is, when pages arecreated and arranged on acomputer and then madeinto a printing plate, whichis what goes on the press totransfer the image to paper.By contrast, computer-to-film,the traditional process priorto digital files, requires thatpasteups (aka mechanicals)be photographed and thenegative used to create theplate. Because CTP eliminatesone reproduction step, itincreases the quality of thereproduction, and there is nochance that negative film willbe damaged by dust spots.Curl: Distortions in pagesbecause of excess moisture orhumidity.Cutter dust: Paper dustresulting from cutting ortrimming the paper. It cantransfer to printing blankets,causing problems during apress run.Cyan: Process blue ink. ■Linda Carlson started her career on anewspaper that set type with hot lead,and waxed yard-long galleys of copy forpasteup. Her first book, The Publicity andPromotion Handbook: A Complete Guide forSmall <strong>Business</strong>, was proofed in 1981 withlong galleys and then with page proofs. Sheloves the traditional language of printing,especially when playing Scrabble.Our thanks to Kasper Aaberg, loveofgraphics.com, for permission to use theimage of ascender, descender, and baseline.24 | IBPA Independent | September 2012
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