CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY ...

UNIT 1- CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY1.1. INTRODUCTIONA. Study of anatomy and physiology is an ever-developing science with a longhistory.1. See Fig 1.1, page 11 which dates back to 1543 AD.B. Greek and Latin form the basis for the language of anatomy and physiology.1.2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY:A. ANATOMY = the study of the structure (morphology, form) of body parts.B. PHYSIOLOGY = the study of the function of body parts.C. These two sciences are closely related.1. Every living organism’s structures’ are organized in a particularfashion, in order to carry out a specific function.2. Structure determines function/ Anatomy determines physiology.3. See Fig. 1.2, page 12.D. Scientists use many tools to study anatomy. See Clinical Application 1.1, pages14-15: Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Tale of TwoPatients.1.3. LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION:See Fig 1.3 and Table 1.1, page 13.A. Subatomic particles include the uncharged neutron, positively charged protonand negatively charged electron. Subatomic particles combine to form an…B. atom [i.e. Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), or Oxygen(O)]. An atom is defined as thesmallest particle of an element. Atoms combine with (react with) other atoms toform a…C. molecule [i.e. molecular oxygen (O 2 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), water (H 2 0)]. Amolecule is defined as a particle composed of 2 or more joined atoms. Moleculescombine with other molecules to form a...D. macromolecule (i.e. carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids). Amacromolecule is defined as a large molecule. Macromolecules combine withother macromolecules to form an...1-3