«Merge Record #»«Title» - Susanne Schulz-Falster

Susanne Schulz-Falster
R ARE B OOKS
22 Compton Terrace London N1 2UN
Tel. +44 - 20 - 7704 9845 Fax. +44 - 20 - 7354 4202
email: sfalster@btinternet.com
www.schulz-falster.com
BOOK FAIR LIST NEW YORK 2007
ADVANCE PROOF COPY
New York Antiquarian Book Fair April 20 – 22, 2007
Park Avenue Armory
Park Avenue & 67 th Street, New York
Thursday preview
Friday noon – 8pm
Saturday noon- 7 pm
Sunday noon – 5pm
Introduction to America for German Immigrants
1.
[AMERICANA.] Die Constitution der Vereinigten Staaten von America, mit ihren
Verbesserungen, und die der Republik von Pennsylvanien. Nebst die Erklärung der
Unabhängigkeit der Vereinigten Staaten und die Abschieds-Addresse von General
George Washington. Reading (Penn.), Carl A. Bruckman für Carl McWilliams. [1823].
$1900
8vo, pp. 156; some browning to second half; contemporary sheep-backed marbled boards, corners
a little bumped, but a nice copy.
First edition thus of the German translation of the American Constitution, together with
the Constitution of Pennsylvania, the Declaration of Independence and the farewell
address of George Washington. The last section of the work is taken up by a guide to
commercial and legal transactions entitled Formen zu Handschriften, wie die Gesetze
dieselben erfordern in deutscher und englischer Sprache' for German speakers in
America. This was apparently inspired an earlier publication published in Reading entitled

Handbuch für Deutsche, (1819), and was designed to help resident German speakers and
recent arrivals to compose business and legal letters. Sample letters are given in German
and English. A detailed contents list of the respective constitutions concludes the work.
There were, of course, earlier German translations of the American Constitution, but it is
rather attractive to have it in this form of a 'citizen's manual' for recent immigrants.
Sabin 16126; Seidensticker, O., German Printing, p. 220; Shoemaker 12244; RLIN/OCLC list copies at the
Newberry Library, Harvard, Penn State, Eastern Mennonite, American Antiquarian, Huntington, and the
University of Pennsylvania.
Statistics at your Fingertips
2.
AMERICANA. BEAUFORT. Le grand Porte-feuille politique, à l'usage des Princes et
des Minstres, des Ambassadeurs et des Hommes de lois, des Officiers généraux de terre
et de mer, ainsi que le Noblesse, du haut Clergé, des Financiers, des Voyageurs, Amateurs
et Connoisseurs des Sciences politiques. A Paris, chez l'Auteur, l'Hotel de Flandres
...Maradan, Libraire ... 1789. $2400
Large folio (528 x 402mm), pp. [iv], xv, [1] contents, with 19 double-page tables on guards, [2]
approbation and privilege, with one large folding engraved map inserted; occasional light
browning;contemporary half red roan over marbled boards, extremities a little rubbed and leather
dry; with Beaufort's presentation signature to half title, from the library of the economist Daniel
Boileau; a fine, large and clean copy.
First edition, rare, of this commentated statistical account of the principal European
powers on the eve of the French Revolution with the inclusion of the newly founded
United States of America. The nineteen double page tables each deal with one country or
political entity, covering Austria, France, Russia, Turkey, Spain, England, Prussia,
Portugal, Sardinia and the Pontifical States, Sweden and Denmark, Polen, Venice,
Switzerland, Genua and Malta, the German States, and America. Each table is arranged
in six columns, which in turn cover geographical location, population and population
density, with main cities and towns; military strength; financial position with figures of
national debt and public revenue; political situation and form of government; agriculture
and natural resources; and finally commerce, manufacturing and exchange.
This fascinating statistical-political survey of Europe immediately before the French
Revolution also includes information on America, with a particular discussion of the
democratic form of government and additional information on issues like freedom of the
press, slavery, etc. As indicated on the title page, it was aimed at ambassadors, high
governement officials, and the general reader. Due to its large size, it certainly would not
have served as a travelling manual, but in its tabular form, it gives easy access to vital
statistical information. These statistical tables would certainly have been used by Peuchet
and Chanlaire, and might easily have influenced Playfair in his statistical tables.
In this copy an additional large folding map is bound in, entitled 'Chart of the Passage to
the East of Banka. Laid down from observations in ship Van Sittart by Capt Lestock
Wilson 1789'.

INED 330; Martin-Walter 2181; Monglond I, 209; not in Einaudi; Goldsmiths'; Kress or Sabin; RLIN
records copies at Harvard, Stanford, American Philosophical Society, University of Pennsylvania and
Cambridge only.
3.
AMERICANA. [FOLLEN, Paul & Friedrich MÜNCH.] Aufforderung und Erklärung in
Betreff einer Auswanderung im Grossen aus Deutschland in die nordamerikanischen
Freistaaten. Zweite, mit den Statuten der Gießener Auswanderergesellschaft vermehrte
Auflage. Giessen, J. Ricker, Juli 1833. $960
8vo, pp. [ii], 51, [1] imprint; nineteenth century pastepaper boards; manuscript note to front free
endpaper; private ownership stamp of HF.C.Tann.
Second enlarged edition. Inspired by Duden's 1929 description of life in America in A
journey to the western states of North America (Eine Reise zu den westlichen Staaten von
Nordamerika), the Gießen Emigration Society was founded by the attorney Paul Follen
and the protestant minister Friedrich Münch with the intention of forming a 'new and
free Germany in the great North American Republic'. In 1834 they settled with 500 likeminded
settlers in the Missouri valley, but soon had to realise that their plan for a
separate federal state whould have to remain a 'utopia'. However, Follen and Münch
found success in introducing wine production to the area, and the Missouri Rhineland
remains an important wine producing area to this day.
This second enlarged edition is of particular interest, as it includes the statutes of the
emigration society, with details of the settler's financial and personal commitments.
Sabin 2375; no copy found in OCLC.
Early Review of Smith’s Wealth of Nations
4.
AMERICANA. [SMITH, Adam]. The Weekly Magazine or Edinburgh Amusement.
Containing the Essence of all the Magazines, Reviews, &c. Volume XXXII. Edinburgh,
W. and T. Ruddiman, 1776. $1000
8vo, pp. [xii], 416; paper evenly browned throughout; contemporary sheep-backed pattern paper
boards, joints cracking but holding firm, head and tail of spine chipped, with a contemporary
printed bookplate, by Gavin Scot, tobacconist, grocer and tea-dealer, Poke's-Hole, Alnwick.
This volume of the Weekly Magazine collects all the issues from March 28th to June 20th
1776, providing a detailed contemporary view of the events leading up to American
Independence. In particular it covers the American declaration that colonial shipping
ports are open to all foreign traffic except the British. It also contains one of the earliest
review's of Adam Smith's 'Wealth of Nations' (pp. 83-85 and pp. 115-117). The Weekly
Magazine or Edinburgh Amusement was published from 1768 to 1779, before it became
defunct.

Jefferson was a Member
5.
[AMERICANA.] Annuaire de la Société d'Agriculture du Département de la Seine. Pour
l'An 1809. Paris, Madame Huzard, 1809. $560
8vo, pp. 59; title vignette; uncut in the original stiff paste-paper wrappers; extremities a little
chipped, but a fine copy.
A curious annual for the Agricultural Society of the Departement Seine, founded in 1797.
Given is a list of members - among them Dupont de Nemours, who, after a period in
America spent time in France to research and edit the works of Turgot, followed by
associated and foreign members, including Jefferson, president of the United States.
Further information includes associated societies and local and foreign correspondents.
6.
AMERICANA. [FRANKLIN, Benjamin.] Rikkauden Avain ja Onnen Ohjat … Oulu,
C.E. Barck, 1832. $360
8vo, pp. 47, attractive woodcut title vignette; pale blue wrappers.
Second Finnish translation of Franklin's Way to Wealth. The title vignette rather
appealingly visualises the 'key to happiness'.
The First Book Entirely Devoted to Women's Fashion
7.
AMMAN, Jost. Im Frauwenzimmer wirt vermeldt von allerley schönen Kleidungen unnd
Trachten der Weiber, hohes und niders Stands, wie man fast an allen Orten geschmückt
unnd gezieret ist. Als Teutsche, Welsche, Französische, Engelländische, Niderländische,
Böhemische, Ungarische und alle anstossende Länder. Gedruckt zu Franckfurt am Mayn,
Sigmund Feyrabend, 1586. $17000
Small 4to, ll. 119, (lacking the final blank) title printed in red and black, woodcut to title, woodcut
arms at the beginning of the dedication and 122 full page woodcuts, the large majority printed on
rectos only, only the first nine and final five woodcuts are printed on recto and verso; title page a
little dust-soiled, fore-margin of dedication shaved, just touching letters, but no loss; paper
occasionally lightly browned, but in all very clean and crisp, with strong impressions; eighteenth
century full vellum over boards, spine title in manuscript.
First edition of the first book entirely devoted to women's dress: Amman's famous
depiction of women of all classes. Illustrated are costumes from all over Europe and one
of an American native ('ein Fraw auss Peruvia'), arranged by social rank, (from empress
to servant) and by country and city. Patricians, burghers, peasants and nuns from
different cities, regions and countries are depicted in sixteenth century costume.
'Amman's woodcuts are of great importance since they give a vivid, manifold and mostly
realistic picture of late sixteenth century fashion, when the 'new Spanish style' conquered

all of Europe. Accessories and head-dress give valuable information on social
conventions. An eight-line verse by Konrad Lautenbach is printed half above and half
below the illustrations explaining the figure represented in a jocose manner' (see
Erdmann 25).
The cuts, which are printed only on the rectos, except for a few at beginning and end, are
by Jost Amman (1539-1591) one of the foremost artists of his time. An edition with
Latin text was published later the same year. 'The style of the figures in the
Frauwenzimmer is very different from that of Amman's 1577 Trachtenbuch whose plates
were cut by Hans Weigel. The spontaneous rendition of the figures, especially compared
with those that also appear in the earlier book …, suggests that perhaps Amman himself
may have cut the wood blocks for the Frauwenzimmer (J.A. Olian, Sixteenth century costume
books, in 'Dress', 3, 1977, p. 28).
VD16, L-727; C. Becker, Jost Amman, 1854, p. 134-135, no 42a; Kelso p. 329, no 27; Erdmann 25; Hiler p.
25; Colas 126; Lipperheide Aa 29.
Strategy and Tactics - a War Game
8.
ARETIN, Wilhelm Freiherr von. Strategonon. Versuch die Kriegsführung durch ein
Spiel anschaulich darzustellen. Ansbach, in Commission der Dolfußischen
Buchhandlung, 1830. $3700
8vo, pp. xxxv, [i] blank, 145, [3] imprint, explanation of plates, errata, with 4 printed tables bound in
the text, and 4 large fold-out lithograph plates bound at end, three of them hand-coloured; some
light spotting; contemporary thin buff boards, some discolouring to spine and some staining to
upper board; an attractive copy.
First edition, very rare, of a fascinating attempt at teaching military strategy and tactics
with the help of a game. The author gives a brief overview of existing military games, and
distinguishes them especially from the rules of chess. This educational game, he
maintains is particularly suitable for young cadets, because it trains the mind, and enables
young soldiers to visualise troop movements, anticipate counter-attacks, and, moreover,
keep a 'cool head' in the face of adversity.
Detailed description of the terrain, the soldiers, troops and the equipment follow, and
instructions are given on how the playing surface should be arranged. Most of it is
illustrated on the very attractive hand-coloured plates bound at the end. The movements
of individual units are prescribed. The rules of the game are supported by extensive
quotations from military textbooks. Overall a fascinating, if somewhat elaborate, game
with intricate rules giving military strategists a chance to trial run battle formations, attack
scenarios, and even orderly retreats. The coloured plates show figures and terrain features
to be cut out for use as markers and playing tokens. Napoleon famously maintained that
he could mathematically eliminate chance from a battle by carefully calculating every
move and countermove beforehand; the originator of this game clearly thought that with
the help of Strategonon his soldiers could do the same.
Very rare, just one copy listed in NUC (Cleveland Public Library), RLIN and OCLC add two copies at the
Dutch Minstery of Defense and Göttingen University Library.

Cork Life-Saving Suit
9.
BACHSTROM, Jean Frederic. L'Art de Nager, ou Invention à l'aide de laquelle on peut
toujours se sauver du Naufrage; &, en cas de besoin, fair passer les plus larges Rivières à
les Armées entières. Amsterdam, Zacharie Chatelain, 1741. $2000
8vo, pp. [iv] with engraved frontispiece and title page in red and black, pp. 70, [2] blank;
contemporary stiff paste-paper wrappers, spine a little worn and chipped, but holding firm.
First edition of Bachstrom's description of his invention of a life-jacket made out of cork.
Bachstrom begins with a brief account of earlier attempts at life-saving and in fact diving
equipment, before describing his own invention. He gives credit to a Dutchman who had
first introduced him to the idea, but had suggested another form of wood. Only after
experimenting with cork, which he then formed into some form of jacket, did he really
resolve the problem. He maintains that his was the first truly effective life saving
equipment in water, useful both for the individual, but also for whole armies. It could be
used both in cases of shipwreck, but also as a means of transporting whole armies across
rivers or inlays.
Interestingly he also identifies a business opportunity, by maintaining that insurance rates
for ships should go down when everyone on board is kitted out with a life-jacket.
The rather fetching cork jacket with trousers attached is illustrated on the engraved
frontispiece.
Bachstrom (1686-1742), a theologian and medical doctor, had a varied and restless career
in both theses fields.
ADB 55, pp. 664-667; Graesser I, 271; Harrington, A list of works on swimming, 4.
10.
BANDINI, Salustio Antonio. Discorso Economico scritto … nell'anno 1737. e
pubblicato nell'anno corrente 1775. Doppo la di lui morte seguita nel 1760. Firenze,
Gaetano Cambiagi, 1775. $6400
Small 4to, 209, [3] blank; entirely uncut in the original buff limp boards; a very fine and widemargined
copy.
First edition, very rare, of Bandini's remarkable and innovative economic reform
proposal, contained in his Discorso supra la Maremma Toscana of 1737, offered in manuscript
to the grand-duke Franics in 1739 and not published until 1775. When he investigated
the social and institutional causes of the depopulation of the Maremma region during the
last years of the Medici rule, Bandini proposed far-reaching structural reform, and
basically presented the leading principles of political economy. He was a political
visionary, advocating free trade, challenging price control, advocating simple fiscal
policies and thus anticipated economic debate by half a century.
He 'suggested that it was necessary to change economic policy radically. Restrictive
provisions, pressure of taxation, endless intervention by legal middlemen and useless
annona regulations were no good. These corner-stones of state intervention should be

ejected and in their place the free export of grain should be permitted which would
make it profitable for producers to invest in agriculture in the lands of the Maremma,
leading in turn to the reduction in the tax burden on the peasants. This plan was too far
ahead of its time to be approved in its entirety by the new rulers, but in 17387 it was
adopted in part when the free export of Maremma grain was established. This was a
limited measure that certainly was insufficient to Bandini's demands which were
suppressed until the 1760s when they were revived by the physiocrats and the reformism
of Leopold' (Carpanetto & Ricuperati, p. 170).
Einaudi 282; Kress Italian 447; L'Illuminismo Italiano alla Fondazione Feltrinelli, 30; OCLC adds copies at
Berkeley, Yale, New York and the National Library of Wales.
Artisans Regulated
11.
[BESANÇON.] Ordonnances, Reglemens et Statuts des Arts et Metiers de la Cité Royale
de Besançon. Besançon, Louis Rigoine, Imprimeur du Roy, 1689. $2500
Small 4to, pp. 146, [1], 10; large woodcut city arms to title; decorative head- and tail-pieces and
initials; occasional light browning; contemporary mottled sheep, spine in compartments, decorative
gilt, gilt-lettered spine label; extremities a little rubbed and corners bumped, still a good copy, with
an early ownership inscription by one D'Auxiron.
First edition, uncommon, of this important compendium of craft and trade rules and
regulations in force in the city of Besançon. A brief introduction of general trade rules is
followed by the regulations applying to the different guilds and artisans, including
masons, carpenters, roofers, launderer, metalworkers, farriers, pavers, gold- and
silversmiths, pewterers, cabinetmakers, hatters, tailors, shoemakers, weavers, tanners,
saddlers, harness-makers, apothecaries, surgeons, bakers and pastry-makers, and
butchers. Each individual section extends to between four and six pages and covers guild
membership, apprenticeships, trade organisation, succession in case of death of a guild
member, and other regulations.
The work gives a most interesting insight into the rules and regulations covering trades
and professions in seventeenth century France. Interestingly an updated version of these
guild rules was published in 1784, when the guilds had become obsolete, and were about
to be abolished with the French Revolution.
Goldsmiths'-Kress 2727; uncommon.
Economic Maps of the Austrian Empire
12.
BLUM, Heinrich Wilhelm von, Freiher von Kempen. Natur und Kunst Producten Atlas
der oesterreichischen, deutschen Staaten. Gezeichnet durch Heinr. Wilh. V. Blum,
Freyherrn v. Kempen, und zu haben bey Johann Otto, Kunsthandler in Wien, 1796.
$13000
Oblong folio, (340 x 460mm, plate size 278 x 364mm), engraved title, pp. [14], with 13 finely
engraved hand-coloured plates, all within decorative border; front free endpaper creased; slightly

later half vellum over marbled boards, gilt-lettered green roan label to upper board; extremities a
little worn, else fine.
First and only edition (all published) of this magnificent series of economical maps of the
Austrian Empire. The initial text section gives detailed economic information of the
various Austrian provinces, beginning with size, population, population density, followed
by general information of the natural characteristics of the province. Detailed
information is given on the most important natural resources, (especially mineral),
agricultural production, and finally industrial production. Trade figures are given with
details of import and export, trade balance and main trading partners. The information
presented in figures in the first part, is then illuminated further in the detailed and finely
engraved maps, which indicate the location of mineral resources, agricultural strengths,
manufacturing industries, and trading centres.
Due to the early death of the cartographer only the present thirteen maps were issued.
The original publishing project envisioned 37 individual maps of all parts of the Austrian
Empire and was first announced at the end of 1794 in Viennese newspapers. Every
month a finely engraved map of the economic details of a particular province was to be
published and issued to subscribers. The early death of the cartographer Heinrich
Wilhelm von Blum von Kempen (1756-1797). put an early end to the project. The art
dealer Otto managed to buy the already existing thirteen maps, had a suitable title page
engraved and issued the present work. (see Dörflinger I, 114). They include a general
map of the whole of the Austrian Empire, a map of Vienna, plans of Upper and Lower
Austria, Krain, Corinthia, Sturia, Tyrol, Vorderösterreich (today mostly German), Friaul
with a map of Triest, southern Bohemia, northern Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia.
Dörflinger I, 114; Atlantes Austriaci I, 78; Wawrik-Zeilinger, Austria Picta. Oesterreich auf alten Karten
und Ansichten, 32.3; not in Kress or Goldsmiths, RLIN/OCLC records copies at Stanford, Harvard
(incomplete), Florida State and Chicago.
Incunable Bibliography
13.
BONI, Mauro. Lettere sui primi Libri a Stampa di alcune Città e Terre dell'Italia
superiore parte sinora sconosciuti parte nuovamente illustrati. Venezia, Stamperia di
Carlo Palese, 1794. $1700
4to, pp. CXXXII (132); three separate title pages, finely engraved title vignettes by Novelli to two of
them; uncut in contemporary buff stiff wrappers, with marble paper spine; a wide-margined copy.
First and only edition of a detailed study of early printing in Genoa, Pavia and Bresica,
and northern Italy in general by Mauro Bon (1746-1817). The work is divided into three
parts, each with its own title page, and concentrates on little known incunables from
Genova, Brescia, Savona, Voghera, Turin, Brixen, Treviso, and some other northern
Italian cities.
Particularly appealing is the first title vignette showing putti setting type and inspecting
books under the supervision of the queen.
Bigmore & Wyman I, p. 70; Bonamici p. 27; Graesse I, p. 487.

German Translation of Bosse's Manual for Printmakers
14.
BOSSE, Abraham. Die Kunst in Kupfer zu stechen, sowohl vermittlest des Aetzwassers
als mit dem Grabstichel; ingleichen die sogenannte schwarze Kunst, und wie die
Kupferdrucker-Presse nach ietziger Art zu bauen und die Kupfer abzudrucken sind.
Dresden, bey dem Verleger, und in der Gröllischen Handlung, 1765. $3200
8vo, engraved frontispiece, pp. [xxxvi], 254, [36] index and errata, 19 folding engraved plates bound
at the end; with engraved head- and tail-pieces and three engravings in the text; some light but
evenly browning; contemporary sprinkled boards; faint stamp from the library of Krassow-Divitz
on title; a good copy.
First edition of this translation. Bosse's Traité des manières de graver en taille douce, the first
manual of copper-plate etching and engraving, and the printing of intaglio plates was first
published in French in 1645. It was aimed at both the professional engraver and the
amateur and is extensively illustrated, with detailed engravings based on Bosse's own
designs. A number of revised editions were published, with additions by LeClerc (1701)
and Cochin (1745). In addition to a wealth of technical information, the work includes
scenes of the engraving studio and the copperplate press, and several wonderfully
informative step-by-step scenes of printmakers at work appear as engraved headpieces at
the beginnings of chapters. Since adaptations were made to all subsequent editions, the
work remained an important introduction to print-making which is of practical use to the
printmaker even today.
This rare German translation is based on the French edition of 1745 and was prepared by
C.G. Nitzsche; earlier German editions had appeared in 1689, 1714 and 1761. As
Nitzsche writes in his preface, the quality of previous translations made this new one
necessary. He adds a couple of text illustrations.
See Bigmore-Wyman, I, 72; Franklin 145; Graesse 501; three copies in NUC (ICN, PPULC, MBMu);
RLIN adds one copy at Harvard.
The First Italian Treatise of Statistics
15.
CAGNAZZI, Luca de Samuele. Elementi dell'Arte Statistica. Parte prima [- Parte
seconda]. Naples, Stamperia Flautina, 1808-09. $4400
Two volumes, 8vo, pp. xxiv, 224, one folding table in the text, one engraved plate at end; viii, 336;
with numerous tables throughout; occasional very light spotting; contemporary full vellum, spine in
compartments, with contrasting gilt-lettered spine labels; a very fine set.
First edition, very uncommon, of the first Italian study of statistics, the first to discuss
methodology and present a comprehensive analytical treatment of the subject.
Cagnazzi (1764-1852), a self-taught mathematician, was professor of economics at the
university of Naples. He was actively involved in the reform projects of the Italian
enlightenment and had a turbulent life due to political changes in the kingdom of Naples.

Einaudi 775; not in Kress or Goldsmiths', not in Mattioli; OCLC locates copies at Keio university, Japan
and the University of Essex only; see Patriarca, Silvana, Numbers and Nationhood, writing Statistics in
Nineteenth Century Italy. Cambridge, 1996.
16.
CALDANI, Petronio Maria. Della Proporzione Bernoulliana fra il Diametro, e la
Circonferenza del Circolo e dei Logaritmi. Bologna, Lelio dalla Volpe, 1782. $560
4to, pp. viii, 32; engraved title vignette, paper lightly dust-soiled, and a little browned; a widemargined
copy in slightly later pink boards.
First and only edition of this interesting treatise on Bernoullian-Riccati equation by
Petronio Maria Caldani (1755-1808), brother to the well-known anatomist Leopoldo
Marcantonio Caldani.
Riccardi I, 209.
The Beckford Copy
17.
[CARLI, Gian Rinaldo.] L'Uomo Libero o sia Ragionamento sulla Libertà naturale e
civile dell'Uomo. Lyon, 1778.
$5600
8vo, pp. [ii] title, [4] catalogue of Carli's publications, [iv] contents and errata, [iii]- 182 (vere 184,
119/120 twice); woodcut vignette to title, woodcut tail-pieces; contemporary calf, joints cracked,
but cords holding, spine and corners very worn, preserved in a custom-made fold-over cloth box;
later bookplate of the Mount Street Jesuit Center; with the ownership inscription of William
Beckford 'William Beckford from Comte Carli Rubbi 1778' with occasional manuscript underlings
in the text.
First edition, very rare, of this almost forgotten work, which was considered of
exceptional importance to the Italian Enlightenment. Carli, one of the main figures of the
Italian Enlightenment, was together with Verri and Beccaria the leading intellectual of the
école de Milan. This copy was apparently presented by Carli to William Beckford who
was in Geneva in 1778, where he made the acquaintance of Voltaire and many important
figures of the time.
In this stringent criticism of Rousseau's Contrat Social he formulates his picture of an
anti-egalitarian society in strict opposition to Rousseau. 'Men are condemned by nature
to a state of permanent inequality, physical, moral and economic. It is not an accident
that society is divided into two classes, rich and poor. Unlike Verri, for whom economic
development had in itself the power to improve the conditions of the poorer classes by
allowing them to participate in consumption, and unlike Beccaria who continued to see
inequality as the chief problem to be solved, Carli was convinced that development
would increase not only inequality but also class conflict. The only remedy was the power
of the sovereign, of a monarch who could guard against despotism but at the same time
defend civil society against anarchy' (Carpanetto p. 270). He exposes the myth of a

power, which by limiting ownership and liberty, ensured - through strong centralisation -
the safety and happiness of his subjects.
The four-page catalogue of Carli's publications, which is not normally present, is
particularly appealing. Curiously all the Italian titles have been translated into French,
regardless of whether a translation had been published at the time or not. The catalogue,
which is arranged chronologically, concludes with the present work.
Feltrinelli 99; see OCLC lists two copies of the first edition (Harvard, University of Texas).
18.
CASTELLI, Carlo. Ventilatore idraulico imaginato e descritto dal Proposto Carlo Castelli
a sua Eccellenza il Signor Don Niccoló Pecci. Milano, S. Ambrogio, 1785. $1000
8vo, pp. xxx; with one folding plate, and woodcut title vignette and head-piece; light browning and
water staining, with small worm-hole affecting lower gutter (not affecting text); contemporary
paste-paper boards, neat library accession number on upper cover at tail, edges lightly bumped.
First edition of this interesting description of a new design for a hydraulic pump, based
on the same principles as air pumps used in mine ventilation by Carlo Castelli, a noted
hydraulic engineer. He describes and illustrates this machine of his own invention, which
he believes to be both safe, efficient and cost effective. The pump can be used both for
drainage and for irrigation purposes. Its advantage is its small size, which makes it useful
even in small-scale operations, and also for fire-fighting purposes.
In addition to his various works relating to hydraulics, and in particular pumping
engineering notably, Tromba Napoleone, o, Sia nuova macchina idraulica destinata al vario
sollevamento dell'acqua, (1808), Castelli wrote L'arte di filare la seta a freddo in 1795, on the silk
spinning industry.
Riccardi I, 294.7; OCLC/RLIN record copies at Yale, Delaware, Columbia, Texas and Göttingen.
Chappe's Optical Telegraph
19.
[CHAPPE, Claude.] Il Telegrafo ossia Descrizione della Macchina nuovament retrovata
in Parigi per Trasmettere in Brevissimo Tempo a Grandi Distanze qualunque Notizia.
Con Figure. Estratta dall'Edizione Tedesca di Vienna presso Baumeister 1794.
$1100
8vo, pp. xiii, [3] blank, 4 engraved plates bound at the end, decorative head-piece and initial; some
spotting throughout, partly uncut in contemporary blue wrappers.
First edition in Italian of Claude Chappe's 'optical' telegraph, which depended on visual
signals and preceded the modern telegraph. His device consisted of an upright post, on
the top of which was fastened a transverse bar, while at the ends of the latter two smaller
arms moved on pivots. The position of these bars represented words or letters; and by
means of machines placed at intervals such that each was distinctly visible from the next,
messages could be conveyed through 150 miles within a quarter of an hour. Chappe's

contraption was adopted by the Legislative Assembly in 1792, and in the following year
Chappe was appointed ingénieur-télégraphe. The optical telegraph was first used for an
official transmission in 1794, and remained widely in use in France until 1855, when it
was superseded by the electric telegraph.
This work was translated from a German publication issued the same year with the title
Beschreibung und Abbildung des Telegraphen oder der neuerfundenen
Fernschreibemaschine in Paris, but clearly published in Italy. A brief introduction to the
principles of the device is followed by an eyewitness account of the first conveyance of a
message from a device mounted on top of the Louvre. This is depicted on the first of the
finely engraved plates. The other plates show the agreed signals and the transcription of a
message in German.
There was another Italian edition, printed in Rome (Roma, si vende presso Agapito Franzetti) the same
year; not traced in NUC, RLIN or the Italian on-line catalogue; see E. Jacquez, Claude Chappe, notice
biographique, 1893 for further information on the optical telegraph.
Tarantella - Dance and Medical Phenomon
20.
CID, Don Francisco Xavier. Tarantismo observado en Espana, con que se prueba el de
la pulla dudado de algunos, y tratado de otros de Fabuloso: Y memorias para escribir la
Historia del insecto llamada Tarántula, efectos de su veneno en el cuerpo humano, y
curacion por la música con el modo de obrar de esta, y su aplicacion como remedio á
varias enfermedades.… Madrid, Gonzalez, 1787. $2800
Small 4to, pp. [iv], 324, with two folding engraved plates of music, and one woodcut illustrating a
tarantula spider; very clean and crisp, contemporary full vellum, faint ownership inscription or
stamp to title; a fine copy.
First edition, uncommon, of this medical and psychological assessment of the
phenomenon of the Tarantola or Tarantella dance, a trance like ecstatic dance. The origin
of this dance is found in a therapeutic ritual, carried out to fend off the effects of being
bitten by the tarantola, the wolf-spider. Popular belief was that the bite of this spider
caused a disease called 'tarantismo', which led to a period of melancholy and ultimately
death. The only way to avoid death was a frenzied, uncontrollable dance, set to music,
and called the 'tarantella'. Over time the music associated with this has become more
stylised, using guitars, violins, and tambourines.
Cid, an eminent physician in Toledo, studies the phenomenon in depth, beginning with
the natural history of the 'tarantola', with extensive reference to classical natural
historians, contemporary reports, and scientific study, and includes a survey of existing
literature on the subject. The following chapters deal with the effect of music on those
afflicted, before studying in detail thirty-five individual case, with medical reports and
contemporary assessments. In his conclusion Cid accepts the curative power of music
and ends with a chapter on the philosophy of music.
Tarantismo had its origin in Puglia, but apparently spread all over Europe, at the end of
the eighteenth century is reappeared in Spain with renewed force.
The two engraved plates of music show six different varieties of Tarantelas and one
Tarantela piece for guitar.

Palau III, 54578; Wellcome II, p. 349; uncommon OCLC lists copies at Illinois, Johns Hopkins, Ohio State
and Minnesota.
21.
DE MOIVRE, Abraham. Annuities upon Lives: or, the Valuation of Annuities upon any
Number of Lives; as also, of Reversions. To which is added, an Appendix concerning the
Expectations of Life, and Probabilities of Survivorship. London, W.P. and sold by
Francis Fayram, et al, 1725. $1800
8vo, pp. [ii], 4, viii, 108, [2] with the errata slip bound in after the prelims; title a little foxed and
library number at head; recent half calf over marbled boards; a good clean copy.
First edition of this important contribution to the theory of probability and statistics, De
Moivre had a great interest in the analysis of mortality statistics and the foundation of the
theory of annuities ... De Moivre's contribution to annuities lies not in his evaluation of
the demographic facts then known but in his derivation of formulas for annuities based
on a postulated law of mortality and constant rates of interest on money. Here one finds
the treatment of joint annuities, problems about the fair division of the costs of a tontine,
and other contracts in which both age and interest on capital are relevant. This
mathematics became a standard part of all subsequent commercial applications in
England. The work is based in part on the mortality data collected by William Halley in
the 1690s and is influenced by Halley's 1693 article on the inane life annuities still being
sold by the British government, in which the age of the annuitant was not considered
relevant. [D.S.B. IX p.454].
Goldsmiths'-Kress 6398.7; Norman 1530; Hanson 3492; Garrison-Morton 1690; Blake p.307; see Pearson,
pp. 146 ff.
Strict Separation: Books, Readers and Librarians
22.
DELLA SANTA, Leopoldo. Della Costruzione e del Regolamento di una Pubblica
Universale Biblioteca con la Pianta Dimostrativa. Florence, Gaspero Ricci, 1816.
$1600
4to, pp. 76, [4] explanation and table; paper lightly browned throughout, and slim worm trace to
gutter margin; uncut and mostly unopened in contemporary buff stiff wrappers, manuscript
lettering to spine and upper wrapper, spine repaired.
First edition of the first Italian treatise on the organisation of a public library, which
proved influential. Della Santa, who integrates architectural and spatial propertiers of a
library, proposes a strict tri-partite division, into areas for the reader, the librarians and
the books. His separation of bookstacks from the reader and the reader from the
librarian set the scene for library organisation and library architecture for the next century
and a half. His lay-out is clearly visible in the folding plate
Della Santa argues that the immense increase of book production makes this separation
necessary for an efficient library service. Curiously he not only separates readers from the

ooks, but does not even allow them access to the master catalogue. There is one type of
catalogue, which may be consulted by librarians only, and another 'public one'.
Not much is known about the author, and it has even been claimed that the treatise was
in fact written by Vincenzo Follini, librarian at the Magliabecchiana Library in Florence.
This seems somewhat unlikely, as Follini published a response to Della Santa's work.
This treatise on library organisation proved highly influential, and was reprinted in 1996. For a detailed
study see Giovanni Solimine and Flavia Cancedda' review article in the Bollettino AIB 1997, no. 2, pp. 240-
241.
Cogito, Ergo Sum
23.
DESCARTES, Réné. Principia Philosophiae. Amsterdam, Ludovic Elzevir, 1644.
[bound with:] DESCARTES, Réné. Specimina philosophia: seu dissertation de methodo
rectè regendae rationis, & veritatis in scientiis investigandae: dioptrice, et meteora. Ex
Gallico translato, & ab auctore perlecta, variisque in locis emendate. Amsterdam,
Ludovic Elzevir, 1644.
$16000
Two works in one volume, 4to, pp. [xxii], [ii] blank, 310, [2] blank, woodcut device on title and
numerous woodcut illustrations in the text; [xvi], 331, [1] blank, woodcut device on title and
numerous woodcut illustrations in the text; a fine copy in full contemporary vellum, with
overlapping edges, manuscript title to spine.
First edition of the Principia and first Latin edition (translated by Etienne de Courcelle)
of Descartes' Discours de la Méthode (1637), which had been revised by Descartes.
Although issued independently, these two works are often found bound together.
Descartes was the first of modern philosophers and one of the first modern scientists; in
both branches of learning his influence has been immense.
I. The Principia is one of the most influential books in the history of science, presenting
Descartes' system of physics and cosmologies, and the 'principles of his philosophy in
four parts: [1] metaphysical and cognitive principles; [2] the principles of nature (laws of
motion, etc); [3] the structure of the universe (celestial physics); (4) an explanation of
physical phenomena such as fermentation, magnetism etc.' (T. Verbeek in Dictionary of
Seventeenth and eighteenth-Century Dutch Philosophers, I, (p. 254-260).
II. The Discours de la Méthode is here in the Latin translation, by which it reached its
greatest circulation, and the first to contain the famous dictum 'cogito, ergo sum'. The
Discours is Descartes' fundamental work in philosophy and on the method of science.
'Descartes's purpose is to find the simple indestructible proposition which gives to the
universe and thought their order and system. Three points are made: the truth of
thought, when thought is true to itself (thus cogito, ergo sum), the inevitable elevation of
its partial state in our finite consciousness to its full state in the infinite existence of God,
and the ultimate reduction of the material universe to extension and local movement.
From these central propositions in logic, metaphysics and physics came the subsequent
inquiries of Locke, Leibniz and Newton; from them stem all modern scientific and
philosophic thought' (PMM 129).

I. Guibert p. 118; Norman 22; Willems 1008; Ashworth 1; II. Guibert p. 104; Norman 623; Willems 1008;
PMM 129.
Super-Casinos, Betting shops, Wagers on Horses - the Law
24.
DISNEY, John. The laws of gaming, wagers, horse-racing, and gaming-houses. London,
J. Butterworth, J. Cooke, and Dublin, G. Auld, 1806. $2400
8vo, pp. vi, xiii, [1] blank, 132, [8]; entirely uncut in the original pale-blue boards, white paper spine,
printed label, backstrip worn, but sound.
First edition, uncommon, of an interesting study of the law as it applies to betting
gaming, horse-racing and gambling, apparently only the second comprehensive review of
the subject. In his perceptive treatise, Disney, himself a barrister, distinguishes between
legal and illegal games, discusses differences between wagers between two individuals and
those that involve a stakeholder, treats betting on horses, and the lottery. His comments
on the lottery could be found in a modern newspaper article: 'among other species of
gaming may be ranked the Lottery: and though our laws are severe against this vice in
general, and when practised between individuals, yet do they sanction it under this
particular shape: and that, simply because it is productive to the revenue' (p. ix). He treats
securities given for wagers, the running of gaming-houses (super casinos?) and their legal
constraints, and concludes with a special chapter on forms of pleadings in cases of
gaming and wagers, i.e. a practical guide for barristers. Throughout his treatise is
supported by detailed case references.
His individual cases are also an interesting source of social history, with its extensive
references to various games such as boxing, bull-baiting, cricket-match, dancing - public,
etc.
John Disney (1779-1857) was a barrister and art collector.
Uncommon, OCLC locates copies at McGill, Georgia, Iowa, Chicago, Harvard, Columbia and New York
Public Library.
25.
ECKARTSHAUSEN, Karl von. Entdeckte Geheimnisse der Zauberey zur Aufklärung
des Volks über Aberglauben und Irrwahn. Mit 4 Kupfern und 2 Vignetten. München,
Joseph Lentner, 1790. $2800
8vo, engraved frontispiece, pp. [xii] prelims misbound, 271; with in all 4 engraved plates (one bound
as frontispiece), large title vignette and final engraved vignette, a few figures in the text;
contemporary half calf over tan sprinkled boards, spine gilt in compartments with gilt-lettered spine
label; corners a little bumped; with stamp of the university library Halle to verso of title, and shelf
mark to spine and upper board; originally from the Apel library in Ermlitz with manuscript note in
pencil.
First edition, rare, of Eckartshausen's early publication on magic and divination in the
spirit of the enlightened rationalism. Eckartshausen clearly wants to debunk mystical
theories and reveal the scientific explanations of apparently magical phenomena. At the

same time he accepts the power of ideas, heightened emotional states, and scientific aides
such as cryptography etc. He describes some fifty supernatural events under titles such as
'Der Stiefel, der zum Kamin hinausflog', 'Der Zauberknödel', 'Das Gespenst,
Erscheinung des Geists des Rousseau, covering love potions, charlatans, the
transformation into gold etc, and then proceeds to explain them. The illustrations,
though unsigned, are particularly fine and appealing, the frontispiece shows a witch in
action, the title page vignette illustrates the magic dumpling, whereas the two following
images show a witches convention and a dance on Blocksberg.
The jurist Eckartshausen (1752-1803), author of semi-scientific works using arithmology,
influenced Jung- Stilling and Novalis in his attempt to merge science and literature, and
published numerous esoteric works, in addition to this one.
A second edition was published in 1798.
Graesse, Bibliotheca Magica 92; see Hayn/Gotendorf III, 192 and Rümann 219; not in Ackermann, Caillet,
Rosenthal etc; RLIN/OCLC record copies at Chicago, Harvard, DNLM, Göttingen, and the Wellcome
library; for further information on Eckartshausen see online exhibition at the J.R. Ritman Library.
Economic Sammelband
26.
[ECONOMIC SAMMELBAND.] HÄNEL, Christian Friedrich. Erklärung des
einfachen und doppelten Buchhaltens, der Wechselbriefe und von den Nutzen eines
Handelsgerichts wie auch von der Nothwendigkeit Handlungsagenten in fremde Länder
zu unterhalten. Chemnitz, Joh. Dav. Stössel Erben, Putschern, 1778.
[bound with:] SIMON, Christian Heinrich. Kurze Beschreibung der bey den Kaufleuten
gebräuchlichsten Handlungsbücher auch Hauptbuchsconten zur leichtern Erlernung des
doppelten Buchhaltens für Handlungsbeflissene. Frankfurt, Leipzig, Johann Philipp
Haug, 1780.
[bound with:] BÜSCH, Johann Georg. Ueber die Hamburgischen Zukker-Fabriken, und
den vergeblichen Wetteifer der Nordischen Saaten mit denselben, auf Veranlassung der
Fragmente des Herrn Ritters von Zimmermann über Friderich den Grossen. Hamburg,
Carl Ernst Bohn, 1790.
[bound with:] [TOBACCO.] Neue und ausführliche Abhandlung von dem Tabacke,
worinnen desselben Ursprung, Sorten, Anbau, Handel, Tugenden und Eigenschaften zur
Gesundheit und Heilung … untersucht werden …oder enen vollkommenen Unterricht
von dem Mengen, Anfeuchten, Packen, Geruchgeben, Färben, Tincturiren, der
Zubereitungen und kunstmässigen Behandlungen derselben enthält ..Aus dem
hollandischen. Leipzig, Christian Gottlob Hilscher, 1781.
[bound with:] [ANON.] Die Entlassungen der Räthe. Frankfurt, Leipzig, 1784.
$7000
Five works in one volume, 8vo, pp. 56; 104; vi, 58; [xxiv], 184; [xiii] 14-73; very clean and crisp;
contemporary marbled boards, corners a little rubbed, else fine, with contemporary ownership
inscription to front free endpaper by Franz Siegmund Schober, 1792.
First edition of all five works, the work on tobacco is the first edition in German (first
published in Dutch 1770. A fascinating economic Sammelband, containing two very rare

contributions on double-entry book-keeping, Büsch's very uncommon work on the sugar
manufacturs in Hamburg, a rare work on tobacco, its manufacture and trade, and finally
a well-argued political treatise on the independence of the judiciary.
I and II. Both Hänel and Simon are important early exponents of German writings on
double-entry book-keeping. They are both exceptional in that they are very practice
orientated, and aim to be useful for the 'ordinary' business man. Hänel also describes the
importance of diplomatic relations for trading purposes, and discusses general
commercial contracts and exchanges. Both give extensive examples of the different
account books and their function, and most importantly stress the importance of doubleentry
book-keeping for the easy access to business figures.
3. First edition of Büsch's interesting contribution on Hamburg's dominance of the sugar
industry, anticipating the location theory of economic activity, which was properly
developed towards the end of the nineteenth century. He points out the natural location
of a branch of business or manufacturing and rejects attempts of government, in this
case Frederick the Great in artificially regulating this, through protective tariffs and
subsidies. Büsch (1728-1800) was according to Roscher the best representative of the
liberal tendencies among the German economists of the second half of the eighteenth
century, and one of the 'leading precursors of German economic science' (ESS). He was
director of the Hamburg Commercial Academy and published a number of extensive
works on banking, currency, commerce and trade, all based on practical experience at the
Hamburg Bourse. 'As an economist Büsch was significant especially for his opposition to
eighteenth century mercantilism and his advocacy of a more liberal economic policy. He
favoured a limited system of free trade and declared that an international division of
labour would improve the material welfare of mankind more quickly than the most
flourishing economic development under conditions of national isolation. Accordingly he
opposed the artificial stimulation of domestic industries but supported an educational
protective tariff, thus anticipating Friedrich List in this as at many other points…Having
coined the German term for carrying trade (Zwischenhandel) he was one of the first to
appreciate the true importance of this branch of economic activity. In internal affairs he
stood for unrestricted competition in trade, freedom of industrial occupation and
modernization of the agrarian regime by gradual reform' (Zielenziger, ESS III, 80).
IV. Rare first German translation of an equally rare two part treatise on tobacco, first
published in Dutch in 1770 under the title Verhandeling van den Tabak and
Verhandeling over den Tabak, Tweed stukje. The anonymous author gives a thorough
overview of the benificial qualities of tobacco in all its forms, and describes the whole
process of growing, harvesting, drying, processing, storing and selling of tobacco. He is
particularly keen on stressing the health benefits of tobacco, underlined by some catchy
rhymes and poems.
V. A detailed and well-argued case against the dismissal of civil servants and especially
judges and other judicial officials. The anonymous author supports his arguments with a
wide range of relevant citations.
All five works very rare, none of them are in Kress or Goldsmiths'; I. not found in RLIN/OCLC; II.
RLIN/OCLC locate copies at Berkeley and NEHA; III. not found in RLIN/OCLC; IV. RLIN/OCLC
locate copies at Columbia and the National Library of Medicine; V. no found in RLIN/OCLC.
The Economics of Energy-Saving Ovens
27.

[ENERGY SAVING.] Beschreibung neuer holzsparenden Oefen und Feuerherde, zum
Militär- und Civil-Gebrauch. Wien, v. Schönfeld, 1808. $5500
Folio, pp. xvi, xv-xxxiv, 47, [1] blank, xliii (pp. xxxiii, xxxiv, xliii, and xliiii are folding printed leaves
printed on recto only), 22 engraved plates, one of which folding; very clean and crisp in
contemporary calf-backed paste-paper boards; from the library of the architecture department of
the Ljubljana, Laibach, with stamps to front free endpaper and one small faint stamp to title; a fine
crisp copy.
First and only edition, rare, of this detailed comparative report on energy-saving heating
and cooking systems. The first tests were run by an Austrian government commission
charged by archduke Karl with reducing the use of firewood, comparing existing types of
stoves, ovens, cooking ranges etc and developing the most energy-efficient model for
each application. Not only energy consumption was studied, but also manufacturing
costs and energy needs for constructing the ovens in question.
The very detailed report covers military institutions, (distinguishing between the needs of
large dormitories and smaller more intimate officer housing) hospitals, prisons, schools,
but also for private use. The finely engraved plates show various kinds of ovens, with
technical details and detailed instructions for use. Of particular interest is the supplement
showing on comparative tables heating efficiency measured and contrasted with
construction costs, building materials and ease of handling. Two forms to be completed
after further experiments are also included.
There was a flurry of publications on energy-saving ovens and cookers in the late
eighteenth and early nineteenth century. What differentiates this publication from them,
is its great attention to detail and the scientific approach to assessing the energy efficiency
of the final installation. Moreover, rather than just heating for public or private spaces,
calculations are also made for use in manufacturing industry, such as dyeing works.
Not in Kress or Goldsmiths'; uncommon, RLIN/OCLC list just two copies at Chicago and Minnesota,
KVK adds copies at Bavarian State Library, Dresden and the Deutsches Museum, Munich.
Fine Armorial Binding
28.
ERNESTI, Johann Heinrich Gottfried. Die wol-eingerichtete Buchdruckerey, mit
hundert und achtzehen Teutsch-Lateinisch-Griechisch- und Hebräischen Schrifften,
vieler fremden Sprachen Alphabeten, musicalischen Noten, Calender-Zeichen und
Medicinischen Characteren, ingleichen allen üblichen Formaten bestellet, und mit
accurater Abbildung der Erfinder der löblichen Kunst, nebst einer summarischen
Nachricht von den Buchdruckern in Nürnberg, ausgezieret. Am Ende ist das
gebräuchliche Depositions-büchlein angefüget. Nürnberg, gedruckt und zu finden bey
Johann Andreä Endters seel. Sohn und Erben, 1721. $6800
Oblong 4to, pp. [58] including engraved frontispiece and title page printed in red and black, 140,
[2], 24; all text printed within a black border, partly printed in red and black, numerous tables and
figures and thirteen engraved printers' portraits in the text; G4 music type face entirely engraved;
bound with the unsigned leaf of correction marks (in red and black) which is often missing; very
clean and fresh; bound in contemporary full vellum, with the arms of the monastery Stift Lambach

to upper and lower board, printed within decorative floral border, gilt mostly rubbed off; giltlettered
spine label; a very attractive copy, from the collection of the German publisher Karl
Thiemig with printed bookplate to front paste-down.
First edition, rare, of this classic German printers' manual. The charming engraved
frontispiece shows the interior of the print shop, with two presses and nine people
actively involved in type-setting, inking, proof-reading, and printing. The two presses
bear dates - one 1440 for the beginning of printing, the other 1721, the date of this first
edition of this printer's manual. Ernesti begins with a brief history of printing, and
includes concise biographies of the main early printers, such as Gutenberg, Fust, Aldus,
Froben, and Plantin, with their engraved portraits printed in the text. Ernesti's fellow
printers of Nürnberg are then discussed, rather fittingly, since Nürnberg was one of the
important seventeenth century centres of fine printing.
The main text contains a complete practical treatise of the art of printing, many different
specimens of type are introduced (including forty-seven black letter types, twenty-one
Roman, fourteen Italic forms) in addition to many Slavic, Greek and Hebrew founts,
music founts, and special symbols for astrological and calendar signs. A variety of
different type case arrangements are shown. Book production patterns and imposition
are explained, with the calculation of suitable formats. Ernesti concludes with a brief
essay on the Hebrew language and its special demands on the printer's knowledge and
ability. Ernesti (1664-1723), had taken over the Endters' printing works in 1717, and here
published the first account of this print shop. A second edition was published after his
death in 1733.
Boghardt, Typographische Lehrbücher, 14; Bigmore and Wyman, Bibliography of the history of printing,
1880-1886, I, 205 (second edition of 1733); Ornamentstich Katalog Berlin, 5340; Gaskell, P.; Barber, G.
and Warrilow, G. 'An annotated list of printers' manuals to 1850', Journal of the Printing Historical Society,
iv, 1968, pp. 11-32, G6.
Early Financial Newspapers - the Predecessor of the Wall Street Journal
29.
[EXCHANGE RATE CURRENT.] Collection of nineteen exchange rate current lists,
issued in Florence, Milan, Turin and Genoa, 1730-1774. $5000
Nineteen exchange lists, measuring between 190 x 75 and 158 x 49 mm, each with engraved or
woodcut scene at head and pre-printed place names, within a simple border, completed in ink;
mounted on card, stitched in paste-paper wrappers.
A fine collection of eighteenth century exchange rate currents from Florence, Milan,
Turin and Genoa, the predecessors of modern financial newspapers, such as the
Financial Times or the Wall Street Journal. The Exchange rate current published the local
rates of exchange at which foreign bills of exchange were similarly bought and sold. Due
to their 'newspaper' quality, they are now incredibly rare. As the bill of exchange was the
primary negotiable instrument for international money transfers before the late
nineteenth century, it was of utmost importance to establish the exact exchange rate at
any one time. It has been argued that the exchange rate current 'grew out of the practice
of maintaining and promulgating the formal record of the rates of exchange settled upon
during the periodic fairs held in the major commercial centres' (p.23). Up to twenty

trading cities are listed, including in addition to the major Italian cities, London,
Amsterdam, Hamburg, Paris or Vienna. They were normally issued on fixed days,
apparently varying from city to city.
The scene printed at the head of each exchange rate current varies depending on the city
and the year, the three 1750 Florence issues all show the same view of the city silhouette
behind a female figure in the foreground. The Genoa lists have a particularly charming
set of scenes at the head, inclduing the Borsa on the Piazza Banchi, the cathedral of San
Lorenzeo, views of the harbour and the city. As a collection they give a fascinating visual
impression of this most prominent of trading cities.
'Business thrives on the most recent news. The merchants of the sixteenth, seventeenth
and eighteenth centuries, no less than those of today, required the 'freshest advice' in
order to conduct their affairs profitably. The success of their ventures depended on
reliable information sent from afar. Mercantile communications form some of the earliest
written records of our civilization and merchants continue to be interested in organizing
and perfecting rapid dependable systems of communicating' (p. 21).
Issues included: FLORENCE (19 October 1771) 15 January 1752, 22 January 1752, 8
July 1752; MILAN: 4 August 1758, 18 August 1757; 6 May 1758; 4 July 1758; 13
September 1757; TURIN: 14 March 1767; 7 March 1767; GENOA: 21 May 1774; 24
October 1750; 25 April 1750; 4 July 1750; 20 November 1735?; 21 October 1731?; 10
October 1750; 30 July 1730?.
None of these issues seem to be recorded in the census provided by McCusker & Gravesteijn, who do not
record any issues at all for the cities of Milan and Turin; for details see McCusker & Gravesteijn, The
Beginnings of Commercial and Financial Journalism, NEHA Series III, Amsterdam, 1991, pp. 189-200;
213-222.
Severe Criticism of Beccaria: the Italian Rousseau
30.
FACCHINEI, Ferdinando.Note ed Osservazioni sul Libro intitolato dei Delitti e delle
Pene. [n.p.], [Venice, Zatta] 1765. $4800
Small 4to, pp. 191, [1] errata; contemporary floral boards; a very wide-margined copy (190 x
135mm).
First edition, very rare, of the first reaction to Beccaria's path-breaking work on legal
reform the 'Dei Delitti e delle Pene'. The cleric Ferdinando Facchinei immediately
identified the revolutionary implications of Beccaria's argument, and denounced him as
an 'Italian Rousseau', a dangerous subverter of the throne and the Church. 'Almost all
that our author puts forward rests only on two false and absurd principles - that all men
are born free and are naturally equal, and that laws are no more, nor should be, than the
voluntary pacts between such men. In this attack on Beccaria, Facchinei also coined the
term 'socialista' and 'socialismo' to describe this subversion of traditional society.
(Carpanetto & Ricuperati, p. 264).
Facchinei's reactionary critique was reprinted in later editions of Beccaria.
Manuppella 315 (mistakenly stating that the book was published without the year on the title); Melzi II,
239; L'Illuminismo Italiano alla Fondazione Feltrinelli, 205; very uncommon, OCLC records copies at

Harvard and Rochester only; see G. Dioguardi, Attualità dell'Illuminismo milanese: Pietro Verri e Cesare
Beccaria, 1998.
31.
FERGUSON, Adam. An Essay on the History of Civil Society. Third edition, corrected.
London, A. Millar and T. Cadell, 1768. $1500
8vo, pp. viii, 464; contemporary full speckled calf, spine in compartments, decorated in gilt, giltlettered
spine label; short split to upper joint; a good copy.
A fine copy of the third edition of Ferguson's History of Civil Society (first 1767),
generally regarded as the first English work in empirical sociology. The work was
frequently reprinted, both in England and America, and translated in German and
French.
Ferguson (1723-1816), professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh
and leader of the Scottish Enlightenment, describes the stages of social evolution. Marx
credited him with being the first in modern times to develop the theory of the division of
labour in economy and society, and Gumplowicz, the advocate of the conflict theory of
society, described the essay as 'the first natural history of society', and Ferguson himself
as 'the first sociologist'.
ESTC t075304; Goldsmiths'-Kress 10407.5; Higgs 4258; Jessop 122.
Games Manual
32.
[FLITTNER, Christian Gottfried]. Neuester Spielalmanach für Karten-, Schach-, Brett-,
Billard-, Kegel- und Ball-Spieler; zum Selbstunterrichte, nach den gründlichsten Regeln
und Gesetzen. von G.W. v. Abenstein. Zweite durchaus verbesserte und mit neuen
Spielen vermehrte Ausgabe. Berlin, G. Hayn, 1820.
$1300
8vo, pp. xxiv [vere xxviii], 412, with some schematic illustratins in the text; recent
half cloth with original printed wrappers bound in, wrappers with illustration of
playing cards and billiard; from the Donaueschingen library, with small stamp to
verso of title.
Second edition enlarged of this attractive almanach of games and gambling, explaining
the rules of a multitude of card, board and ball games. After a brief introduction into the
history of games and gaming, strategy and betting and the dangers of fraud and trickery
are discussed. Card games covered include whist, tarot, Boston, Casino, Imperial,
Piquet, Tresette, Commerce, Alliance, Bassadewitz, Deutsch Solo, Pharao. In each case
the rules are explained, strategies outlined, and information is given on the resepective
merits of the game.
A further section deals with board games including chess and checkers, with a
comprehensive history of the game, and illustrations of board constellations. This
followed by billiards and various other games played on a billiards table, and bowling.

The final section describes a ball game using a bat and involving two teams alternately in
the field and at bat, which bears resemblance to baseball or cricket.
In the preface the author describes the complicated publishing history of the work,
enlarged from the original Spielalmanach of 1797, and re-issued without licence and
under a variety of pseudonyms by by a number of rival publishers, which resulted in a
number of law suits. The different editions are all of interest, as they reflect
contemporary gaming fashions, and include different games.
Van der Linde, Das erste Jahrtausend der Schachliterature 16; Van der Linde, Geschichte und Literature
des Schachspiels II, p. 69; an der Linde-Niemeijeriana 3551; see Spielbücher und -Graphik des 16. - 18.
Jahrhunderts 38 for earlier edition.
The History of a Property in Paris
33.
[FORTIA D'URBAN, Agricole-Joseph-François].] Recueil des Titres de Propriété d'un
Maison et Terrain situés au faubourg Montmarte, division du Mont-Blanc, chaussée
d'Antin, rue de la Rochefoucauld no. 12, à Paris deuxième arrondissment municipal.
Paris, Xhrouet, 1809. $1600
12mo, pp. [ii], 271; contemporary full tan calf with triple rule to sides, spine decoratively gilt, giltlettered
spine label, with monogram stamp F.J. to front free endpaper, and stamp of Fressod; a fine
copy.
First and apparently only edition of an interesting compilation of all the deeds and legal
documents relating to a particular house and grounds in Paris from 1644. In minute
detail every change of ownership, change of use and modification of the building and the
adjoining land of no. 12, rue de Rochefoucault is documented, and is thus of great
interest to architectural and legal historians alike. The property changed ownership
through sale, inheritance, and division. It seems astonishing how often the property was
in fact sold off. Early documents allowing the building of fences and walls are also
included, as are local tax obligations, and exact financial details of later property
transactions.
This curious publication was written by the Marquis de Fortia d'Urban (1756-1843), the
owner of the property in the early nineteenth century. Descending from one of the oldest
Catalan families, he excelled as a student at the Paris military academy. However, instead
of pursuing a military career, he spent his life as an independent writer, historian and
scientist, and was a member of numerous literary and scientific societies. He wrote on
history, mathematics and geography, among them a well-known history of China.
After his death, no. 12 rue de la Rochefoucault passed to the family of the symbolist
painter Gustave Moreau, who modified it and added a large artist's studio. Today the
house is open to the public the Musée National Gustave Moreau.
RLIN/OCLC list no copies in America, and just two copies in Paris libraries.
34.

[FOURIER, Jean Baptiste Joseph, Baron de.] Recherches statistiques sur la Ville de
Paris et le Déparemtnet de la Seine, Recueil de tableaux dressés et réunis d'après les
ordres de Monsieur le Comte de Chabrol, Conseiller d'État, Préfet du Département.
Paris. Lithographie de l'Ecole Royale des Ponts et Chaussées. C. Ballard, Imprimeur du
Roi, et de la préfecture du Département de la Seine ... 1821. $2000
8vo, pp. x, 114, [32] interleaved with tables, [5] numération générale, [2] errata, [1] blank, 2
lithographed plates facing page 94, and 62 lithographed tables on 38 sheets, mostly folding; original
buff coloured boards, spine with printed label, extremities slightly worn, otherwise a fine copy, with
a presentation inscription to the Rector of the Académie de Paris, and an 1829 ownership
inscription of Pierre Claray.
Prepared for the Comte de Chabrol (1778-1843), the prefect of the Département de la
Seine, this impressively detailed statistical work on Paris collects a wealth of information
on the French capital after Napoleon's reign. Baron Fourier, director of the Bureau of
Statistics and noted mathematician, had a decisive part in the preparation of the figures,
and is the author of the 90 page essay on the collection and importance of vital statistics.
Gathered together here are tables on population statistics, Fourier's programmatic essay,
Comte de Chabrol's comments on the findings, and 62 lithographed tables. In these
tables the data is presented and organized in a variety of ways. In addition to basic
population statistics (i.e. number of live births, deaths &c.), the tables indicate the various
causes of death (natural, accidents, suicides), and the personal circumstances of the
deceased (married, widowed, etc.). Also included are specific medical and social statistics,
giving, for example, information on the number of poor-houses and hospitals in every
district, or the number of people vaccinated. A particularly curious table even lists the
number of free entertainments for the poor, according to district and attendance. Most
of these tables are based on figures from the 1817 and 1818 censuses, with some
comparisons to earlier data. The importance of statistical information for policy
decisions of civil administrations had been noted before, and the first publication of such
figures on Paris had already appeared under Colbert. However, it was not until the
nineteenth century that this data was regularly collected and published. Following this
publication, which marked the beginning of the new emphasis on social statistics, a
whole series of them was issued by the Paris Bureau of Statistics between 1826 and 1860.
Uncommon, Goldsmiths' 23140; Einaudi 1961; Kress records only the second edition C3488; Perrot p.
213.
Fournier's Magnificent Type Specimen
35.
FOURNIER. Pierre Simon. Manuel Typographique, utile aux Gens de Lettres, & à ceux
qui exercent les différents parties de l'Art de l'Imprimerie. Par Fournier, le jeune. Tome I
[-II]. Paris, chez l'auteur, J. Barbou, 1764/1766 [vere 1768]. $9000
Two volumes, 8vo, pp. [iv] two engraved frontispieces, xxxii, 323, [1] errata, [4] privilege, and 8
folding engraved plates; [iv] frontispiece and title, xliv, [ii], 306, and 8 folding engraved plates, pages
177-186 as fold-out pages with printed music; type specimen printed within decorative border;
contemporary full calf, spine decoratively gilt, with two gilt-lettered labels and numbering pieces,

sides with greek rule, gilt dentelles, a.e.g.; a little rubbing to joints, front free endpaper removed; a
fine copy, with engraved book-plate to front pastedown.
First edition, a fine copy, Fournier's masterpiece, a magnificent type specimen, which is
regarded as 'the most important book on French eighteenth century typography' (Birrell
& Garnett 37) and his types dominated European printing for fifty years (PMM II, 112).
It includes 186 pages of specimens of type and 101 alphabets, ancient and modern, and
was 'intended to explain to the layman the intricacies and nuances of the typographic art'
(Jackson Burke 527) This copy also includes the portrait of Fournier after Bichou, which
is often missing.
In his preface to volume I Fournier gives a brief overview of the earlier French
publications on the history of printing and type, and outlines the scope of his book. He
gives technical information on punch-cutting, matrix-making, and type-founding, and
includes here his innovative point system of type sizes. In a series of tables he indicates
the respective number of each character to be supplied in making up fonts of roman,
Hebrew, Greek, music types etc. And concludes with eight engraved plates, which show
tools and equipment employed in the various processes described in the text.
The second volume Fournier emphasises the importance of exact of the full range of
printing types, and gives details of the principal type foundries of Europe. The main
section of the book consists of type specimens of every type and size imaginable. They
represent the types of Fournier l'ainé, the Paris founders cappon and Hérissant and
Breitkopf (Leipzig) and grouped under six headings: I Types in ordinary use, II.
Ornaments. III. Types peculiar to particular countries or of special forms IV. Oriental
types, V. Music and plain-song; VI. Types of ancient and modern languages with
explanatory notes.
The very attractive type specimen show roman, italic, Greek, Hebrew, with many
additional exotic type faces, such as Syriac, Arabic, Coptic and Armenian. It presents the
amazing repertory of Fournier's foundry, ranging from the tiny 'Parisienne' and
'Nonpareille' sizes to the grand size of 'Grosse Nonpareille', an unusually large face for
cast type. A further highlight of this type specimen is the extensive choice of ornaments,
which were clearly designed to compose into a great variety of combinations and
patterns.
Fournier's contribution to typography cannot be over-estimated. 'His grasp of
typography was so complete and so firm that he could venture into every corner of it, its
literature, its history, its relation to greater things, writing, architecture, music'. His first
contribution had been his 'table des proportions qu'il faut observer entre les caractères',
an attempt to standardize type sizes by a point system - a standard which is still in use
today. He was a great innovator and moderniser of type faces, and his type specimen
gives ample proof of this.
Fournier had planned this work consist of four volumes, but died before its completion.
Audin, 55,56; Bigmore & Wyman I p. 228; Birrell & Garnett 37; Jackson Burke 527; Printing and the Mind
of Man (Exhibition Catalogue) II, 112; see Updike, Printing Types, 1951, I, pp. 250-266 with numerous
sample pages.
The Earliest Catalogue of 'Books in Print'
36.

[FRANKFURT BOOK FAIR.] WILLER, Georg. Catalogus novus nundinarum
vernalium Francoforti ad moenum, anno M.D.LXXXV … Verzeichnuss fast aller
neuwer Bücher, welche seyther der nechtsverschiene Herbstmess, biss auf dise
gegenwertige Fastenmess in offentlichem Druck seyn ausgangen. Frankfurt am Mayn,
Willer, 1585. $5600
4to, pp. [45], some light browning; recent sprinkled boards, with printed title to cover.
First edition thus of this early Frankfurt Book Fair catalogue. The Augsburg book-dealer
and book-distributer Georg Willer (c. 1514-1594) was the first to issue regular (bi-annual)
catalogues of new books available for purchase, which had been presented at the
Frankfurt book fair. To facilitate their sales' promotion he issued regular catalogues, first
with an Augsburg imprint, and later to save time, with a Frankfurt imprint. The first such
catalogue was issued in 1564.
The books listed are arranged by subject, and for the first time place, publisher and date
are always mentioned. The catalogue first records books in Latin, then books in German,
with a few French books also listed. Within this division, the books are arranged under
the following headings: Protestant theology , followed by Catholic books, law, medicine,
history and geography, philosophy and humanities, poetry and finally music. Clearly a
much larger number of books was published in Latin than in the vernacular.
For Willer the catalogues produced increased sales and proved an innovative sales' tool.
But the catalogues also served a secondary function as an early form of 'Books in Print'
and were used by his competitors and librarians alike. With these early sales catalogues
the book trade was well ahead of other retail businesses.
Despite growing competition Willer continued to issue his catalogues until 1627, even
though as early as 1598 an official Frankfurt book fair catalogue was issued under the
titel Frankfurter Ratsmeßkatalog. (see Wittmann, Geschichte des deutschen Buchhandels
pp. 66 ff).
All issues of Willer's catalogue are very rare.
Lexikon des gesammten Buchwesens III 585; see Breslauer & Folter 24 (for the issue of 1568); OCLC list
one copy of the issue of 1583 at the Library of Congress, and another of the issue 1592 at the Newberry
Library; Harvard apparently has an issue of 1568.
Revolutionary Dress Sense
37.
[FRENCH REVOLUTION.] Dresses of the Representatives of the People, Members of
the two Councils, and of the Executive Directory: also of the Ministers, Judges,
Messengers, Ushers and other Public Officers, &c, &c. From the original Drawings given
by the Minister of the Interior to Citizens Grasset S. Sauveur. The Whole is illustrated by
an historical Description, translated from the French. Paris, printed for Deroy: London:
printed for L. and S. Harding, 1796. $2000
8vo, pp. [viii] title page, engraved title, index and advertisement, ll. 12 of text, printed on one side
only, with 15 engraved and hand-coloured plates; some light spotting, else clean; contemporary half
green roan over marbled boards, gilt-lettered spine label.

First edition in English (one of two issues) of this publication on the costumes of the
officials of the French Revolutionary Government. First published in 1795 under the title
Costumes des Représentans du Peuple Français.
Curiously this Anglo-French publication, published presumably to satisfy English
curiosity about the developments on the other side of the Channel, was produced by
Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (1757-1810), a Canadian by birth, who later lived and died in
France, and published a number of costume books, after his own drawings. He is best
known for his comprehensic illustrated Encyclopédie des Voyages, containing over three
hundred costume plates.
ESTC t34964 (there is apparently another issue with the title reading 'the whole illustrated …').
Nineteenth Century Trivial Pursuit
38.
GELL, C. Mental amusement: an entertaining and instructive game; comprising two
hundred and forty subjects on history, geography, astronomy etc. London, J. Souter,
1832. $1100
12mo, pp. 32 (leaflet) and 40 green cards printed on one side only; contained in a
pale violet glazed slipcase with green printed side-label.
Early edition of an educational game of questions and answers. In the little booklet the
rules of the game are given, together with two hundred and forty questions covering all
fields of knowledge, including geography, economics, astronomy, history, with a healthy
dose of morals and religious. The answers are printed on the cards. Whoever holds the
correct card, additionally has to give further information on the subject in question.
Very rare, not found in Osborne, no copy found in OCLC, the British Library apparently has an earlier
undated edition of 1825.
The First Universal Bibliography
39.
GESNER, Conrad. Bibliotheca universalis, sive Catalogus omnium scriptorium
locupletissimus, in tribus linguis, Latina, Graeca, & Hebraica: extantium & nen extantiu,
verterum & recentiorum in huncusqu diem, doctorum & indoctorum, publicatorum & in
Bibliothecis latentium Opus novum, & no Bibliothecis tantum publicis privatisue
instituendis necessarium, sed studiosis omnibus cuiuscunq artis aut scientiae ad studia
medius formanda utilissimum. Zurich, Christopher Froschauer, September 1545.
$32000
Folio, ll. [viii], [i] blank, [x] index, 631, large printer's mark to title and large woodcut arms to verso
of *7; with ll. 15 mss leaves either pasted in or loosely inserted; two or three individual wormholes
extending through first few signatures only; original full richly blind-stamped pigskin over wooden
boards, with remains of one catch and one clasp; spine label lettered in manuscript; the upper board
has 'Bibliotheca I A 1546' stamped in black on three panels of the decorated binding; head and tails
of spine a little chipped, else well-preserved; with extensive manuscript annotations throughout and

ll. 15 in mss either pasted in or loosely inserted; from the library of Daniel Wilhelm Nebel, with his
bookplate to front pastedown, and a further bookplate of A de St. Ferriol; a very good copy.
First edition, a very good copy with a fascinating provenance and manuscript annotations
of 'one of the epochal works in the annals of bibliography: the first 'universal'
bibliography, that is, an international bibliography of authors who wrote in the learned
languages, alphabetically arranged by their first names in accordance with medieval usage.
Short bibliographical data precede the list of works, with indications of printing places
and dates, printers and editors, where applicable. About 12,000 titles are listed, an
amazing achievement, especially in consideration of the author's age, twenty-nine at the
time of publication. Gesner published an Appendix Bibliothecae in 1555. … Gesner,
who has been called the father of (modern) bibliography, was a Renaissance polymath
who wrote on medicine, zoology, botany, and pharmacology, as well as on theology and
philology' (Grolier Club, Bibliography 14).
This copy comes from the library of the eighteenth century Heidelberg doctor and
pharamacist Daniel Wilhelm Nebel (1735-1805), who descended from a family of
scientists, pharmacists and academics. Gesner's bibliography might well have been in the
family library for a number of generations, and the extensive annotations attest to its
being extensively used. The annotations give a fascinating insight into buying and reading
patterns of an eighteenth century medical scientist.
Besterman, Beginnings of Systematic Bibliography, pp. 14-20; Printing and the Mind of Man 73; Breslauer
& Folter, Bibliography its History and Development, Grolier Club 1984, 14; Wellisch A 16.1.a.
Priced List of Scientific Instruments
40.
HAUG, Gottlob Friedrich . Kurze und deutliche Anleitung zum Gebrauch eines
Sextanten und denen hierzu gehörigen Tafeln der Sonnenhöhen, vermittlest welcher
man, aus einer einzigen beobachteten Sonnenhöhen, die wahre Zeit sehr genau finden
kann. … Nebst einem Verzeichniss vieler mechanischer, physikalischer, astronomischer
und mathematischer Werkzeuge, welche verfertigt werden von Gottlob Friedrich Haug,
herzogl. Hofmechanikus und Hofuhrmacher in Stuttgart. Stuttgart, Cotta, 1794.
$1500
8vo, pp. 127, [1] errata; contemporary paste-paper boards, spine lettered in ink; purchasing note by
Schulmeister Danenmann in 1855, who purchased it with a sextant; and with a pencil note by Haug
at the beginning of the price list.
First and only edition of this short guide to the use of the sextants manufactured by the
Stuttgart instrument-maker and map maker Gottlob Friedrich (Lexikon der Geschichte
der Kartographie). A four-page introduction is followed by the nine-page guide to the
use of the sextants. The rest of the book comprises 95 tables. One gives time corrections
for noon on each day of the year. Once one has measured the height of the sun above
the horizon, one chooses the relevant table (for 0 to 55 degrees above the horizon before
and after noon) to look up the time for any day of the year. The times in the tables have
been corrected in pencil in accordance with the printer's corrigenda at the end.

Of particular interest is the section at the end (pp. 113-127) where Haug lists 100
instruments, which can be order from him. In his introduction he gives some
information on ordering and purchasing terms, before listing the individual items. Prepayment
is requested, of at least half the purchase price. Additional items might be
manufactured on request.
His list of instruments is subdivided into those of mechanical, physical, optical and
geometrical interest. They include a musical box, astronomical clocks, alarm clocks and
pedometers, barometers, microscopes, sextants, globes and spheres, magnets and
scientific instruments for educational purposes.
There was apparently a second issue without the list of instruments, but with an engraved
plate.
Not in Zinner, Astronomische Instrumente; collation as the Göttingen copy; Oxford apparently has a copy
with an inserted engraved plate. KVK, RLIN and OCLC list copies at Göttingen, and Oxford only.
Elocution and Articulation
41.
HERRIES, John. The Elements of Speech. London, Edward and Charles Dilly, 1773.
$1500
8vo, pp. xvi, 259; large folding printed table (short tear at inner fold) bound in; uncut in
contemporary half calf, gilt-lettered spine label; corners bumped and edges rubbed, some wear to
marbled paper sides; a clean and crisp copy.
First edition of one of the most important eighteenth century treatises on elocution, with
a detailed treatment of articulation. Herries (died 1781), an itinerant lecturer who taught
at Dublin, Edinburgh, Oxford and London, concentrates on the mechanisms of speech
production. He deals with the physiology of the organs of speech, the classification of
sounds, formation of vowels, the alphabet, cultivation of the voice in children, speech
impediments, and teaching the deaf and dumb. His advice on correct breathing, emphasis
and effective delivery is useful for the public speaker, singer, or actor alike.
Alston VI 373; ESTC t8393.
Textile Technology
42.
HESS, Johann Rudolf. Beschreibung von den Kamm- und Spinn-Maschinen auf Wolle
und Baumwolle eingerichtet. Mit acht verschiedenen Kupfern. Zurich, Orell, Füssli &
Co., 1806. $2400
8vo, pp. 23, [1], with eight large folding engraved plates boud at the end; some light spotting and
dust-soiling; paste-paper spine, a little dog-eared, else fine.
Sole edition, very rare, of a fine work of original textile technology. Hess presents
improved spinning machines, which can be used both for wool and for cotton. He gives
detailed instructions with specific reference to the plates, explains the construction and
design of the machinery, and the specific function of each part.

In his introduction the author states that he believes the information contained in this
work to be of importance to his Swiss compatriots. He also claims to have introduced
this advanced spinning technology in Italy. All profits from this invention are to be
devoted to his poor in the Swiss provinces of Schwitzer and Unterwaldner Kanton.
Not in Bibliographica Textilia Historiae; not in Crerar Library; not in Kress, Goldsmiths', or Einaudi; just
one copy found in NUC/RLIN/OCLC, at Harvard.
Baltic German
43.
[HUPEL, August W.] Idiotikon der deutschen Sprache in Lief- und Ehstland (!). Nebst
eingestreueten Winken für Liebhaber. Riga, bey Johann Friedrich Hartknoch, 1795.
$960
8vo, pp. xx, 272, [3] errata; paper lightly browned throughout; uncut in contemporary blue boards,
rebacked; ownership inscription to front pastedown; a good copy.
First edition, uncommon, of this detailed study of the Baltic German language as spoken
in Lithuania and Estonia. Hupel (1737-1819) was a specialist in Baltic history.
Zaunmüller 74.
Popular Journal for the Encouragement of Industry
44.
[ITALIAN JOURNAL.] L'Ape delle Cognizioni utili ossia Scelta delle migliori Notizie,
Invenzioni, Cognizioni e Scoperte relative al commercio, alle arti, all'agricoltura,
economia rurale e domestica, coltivazione degli orti e giardini, igiene pratica, stabilimenti
utili e filantropici, legislazione economica, ec. Le quali per l'uso pratico possono più
specialmente interessare il pubblico. Se ne pubblica un fascicolo al mese di 32 pagine in
8vo. Capolago, 1833 - 1835. $2800
Three volumes, 8vo, pp. 192; 192, 20 (appendix), 5 folding printed tables on four sheets, [193]-263,
one folding printed table, [264]-358, (121-126, 289-294, 332-358 fold-out pages); (folding printed
table after p. 32, lithograph map of Liverpool railway after p. 63, lithograph plate after p. 220; 380; a
number of folding printed tables within the pagination; contemporary calf-backed marbled boards,
spine in compartments, with two gilt-lettered spine labels; a fine set.
First edition of this popular 'mass-market' journal designed to popularise inventions and
innovations in the fields of trade and commerce, rural and domestic economy, chemistry
and physics, public health and public institutions, such as lending banks, insurance and
philanthropic institutions, and changes in legislation. The journal was founded by
Giuseppe De Welz (1785-1839), a banker and economist from Como, who saw the
importance of technical and industrial advance for the economic situation in Italy. The
present three volumes cover the first three years when it was published under De Welz's
direct influence in Capolago by the Tipografia Elvetica. Publication was later transferred

to Milan where it continued even after De Welz' death, but without the same
'industrialist' spirit.
The articles, many of them written by De Welz and fellow industrialists from Piedmont
and Lombardy, cover a wide range of subjects. Of particular interest are the articles on
the silk industry, manufacturing in general, but most importantly the emerging railways,
with articles on the Liverpool and Manchester line (illustrated with large fold-out plates),
the Braithwater and Erickson steam engine at Liverpool, depictions of train carriages,
and considerations on the economic viability of railway lines.
Despite a large original print-run (6000 - according to the title page), few issues have
survived. For a detailed analysis of De Welz's contribution see Greenfield, Economia e
liberalismo nel Risorgimento, p. 258, and Macchioro, Aurelio, Studi di storia del pensiero
economico, 1970, pp. 265 ff.
Goldsmiths'-Kress 3432; Moioli I, p. 49; uncommon, RLIN/OCLC list copies at the Library of Congress
and the University of Hong Kong only; for the railway contributions see Bibliografia Ferroviaria Italiana
183517-183521.
45.
[JUVENILE.] Parley's visit to the Printing Office; with a familiar account of the Steam
Engine, the Printing Machine, and the arts of Composition, Engraving and Stereotyping.
Illustrated by Superior Woodcuts. London, Cleave … [Presented Gratis to all regular
Subscribers, with No. 25 of 'Parley's Penny Library'], [1843]. $160
36mo. 33, [1], [1] blank, [1] advertisements, with six large stereotyped illustrations; lightly browned
throughout; stitched in contemporary stiff wrappers.
A children's introduction to printing issued in conjunction with Parley's Penny Library.
Bigmore & Wyman II, p. 118.
Picture Dictionary and Grammar
46.
[JUVENILE - ABC-BOOK.] Kleines Bilder-Cabinet zu Erlernung der vier Sprachen I.
Teutsch, II. Lateinisch, III. Französisch und IV. Italiänisch. Augsburg, Johan Andreas
Pfeffel, Kays. Hoff. Kupferstecher, 1735. $4800
8vo, ll. [ii] engraved pictorial and textual title, ll. 100, all printed on recto only, with nine images per
page, each accompanied by engraved text in four languages; contemporary sprinkled boards; a very
clean and crisp copy, with strong impressions.
Very rare baroque linguistic picture dictionary for children. Occasionally accompanied by
a textual guide, which is not present here, the picture dictionary clearly relies on the
memorable effect of images in the acquisition of language skill. Each finely engraved
plate shows nine images with the German word underneath it, followed by its Latin,
French and Italian translation. The arrangement is by part of speech, first nouns, then
adjectives and verbs; but within each group the order is apparently random, though

occasionally based on the Latin term. The verbs are given in the first person singular, to
make memorisation easier. Similar to the Orbis Pictus, this unusual language guide relies
entirely on visualisation to ease language acquisition. The little scenes, finely engraved are
particular vivid and cover a wide social and cultural range.
This ABC book is apparently very rare, the Herzog August Biliothek Wolfenbüttel has a
complete set, with the textual part, whereas the Staatsbibliothek Berlin only has an
incomplete section of the illustrations; another copy is recorded at the University of
Groningen.
Brüggemann/Brunken 97, Bilderwelt 66; Deutsche Kinderbücher des 18. Jahrhunderts, exhibition
catalogue, Wolfenbüttel 1979, G2; Wegehaupt I, 1156; OCLC lists just one copy at Groningen.
Children's Guide to Trades
47.
[JUVENILE.] Petit Tableau des Arts et Métiers, où Notions sur les principaux Travaux
des Hommes; ouvrage instrcutif et amusant, a l'usage de la Jeuness de l'un et l'autre sexe.
Troisème Édition, ornée de nouvelle Gravures. Paris, Librairie de l'enfance t de la
Jeunesse, Pierre Blanchard, 1825. $800
12mo, engraved allegorical frontispiece, pp. 238, with 5 etched plates, each with four images of
trades, with contemporary hand-colouring; contemporary full tree calf, spine decorated in gilt, giltlettered
spine label.
Third edition (first 1816) of an attractive children's guide to arts and crafts and related
professions. This children's encyclopaedia is arranged in the form of questions and
answers between Paulin and Émilie Valville, aged 9 and 7 respectively, and their father,
who utilises every opportunity for an informative conversation on various everyday
objects and professions. The topics range from the source and production of basic
foodstuffs, i.e. how bread, flour, wine, oil and beer are made, to household objects, such
as candles, mirrors, glass, porcelain, coins, hats, needles and baskets. More advanced
crafts are described: how wood is turned, where gold, silver, tin and pearls come from,
and how cotton, books, and gunpowder are made. The father explains the working
procedures and brings the children to the relevant workshops, whose workers are
illustrated in the charming hand-coloured etchings.
Included are chapters on the making of paper, books, and engravings, with sections on
composition, imposition and presswork, and four of the twenty illustrations related to
the book arts (compositor, letterpress printer, papermaker, and rolling-press printer).
A second edition was published in 1820.
See Gumuchian 379 for second edition of 1820.
Advice on Manners and Conduct for the Middle Classes
48.
KNIGGE, Adolph Freiherr v. Ueber den Umgang mit Menschen. In zwey Theilen.
Zweyte verbesserte Auflage. Frankfurt und Leipzig, 1789. $1500

Two volumes, 8vo, pp. [iv], vi, [10]-240; xvi, 263; paper slightly browned; contemporary full
marbled sheep, spine gilt, with matching gilt-lettered labels; labels and head of spine chipped, some
light staining; still an attractive set from a noble library, with blind-stamped heraldic book plate.
First pirated edition, in fact a straight reprint of the second edition of Knigge's wellknown
and highly influential compendium of manners and social conduct. A typical
representative of the Enlightenment, Knigge reconciles the aristocratic tradition of the
courtesy book such as Il Cortegiano with the value system of the developing middle
classes. He places great emphasis on marital and family life, and stresses the value of the
individual independent of rank or background.
Kayser III, 369; Knigge 25.003.
One of the Earliest Guides to London
49.
KUECHELBECKER, Johann Basilius.Der nach Engelland reisende curieuse Passagier,
oder kurtze Beschreibung der Stadt London und derer umliegenden Oerter,
denenjenigen, so dahin zu reisen gedencken, zum besten ans Licht gegeben. Hannover,
Nicolaus Förster und Sohn, 1726. $3900
8vo, pp. [xxxii], 306, [14] index, with one woodcut diagram in the text; occasional light
browning, due to paper quality; contemporary full sheep, spine decoratively gilt in
compartments; a very good copy.
First edition, uncommon, of this charming guide to the sights of London and its
surroundings, particularly designed for German students on the 'Grand Tour'.
Kuechelbecker stresses the benefit of travel when undertaken in the right spirit, well
planned and well prepared. Endless sojourns in restaurants and bars will not enhance the
educational effect of a tour, whereas the occasional visit to the opera or the theatre is
perfectly admissible.
He begins with some general information on London and England in general, with travel
information, comments on the dress sense of the English, meal times (no lunch before 3
pm) and the high price of clothing, before concentrating on the history of London, its
population and its main sights. In addition to the well-known attractions of the Tower of
London, Monument, Houses of Parliament, St Paul's and Westminster Abbey, he
includes detailed information on parks and gardens, coffee houses, banks and clubs. A
whole chapter is devoted to libraries, among them the Royal Library at Westminster
Palace, the Library of the Royal Society, Lambeth Palace amongst others, followed by
those of Oxford and Cambridge, with information on their founding history, holdings
and library buildings. He comments on the large number of bookshops and book
auctions, where whole libraries are put up for sale. Kuechelbecker gives detailed
information on the economy, the organisation of guilds, and practical economic life in
London - a special chapter is even devoted to suitable souvenirs to take home. His
insights into daily life in London make this a charming and very interesting guide to early
eighteenth century social history.
With the Hanoverians on the English throne, this guide proved popular and a second
edition was published in 1736.

See Cox III, p. 98 for second edition; RLIN lists just Penn State and a second edition at Göttingen.
50.
[LE CAMUS, Antoine.] Abdeker ou l'Art de conserver la Beauté. Tome I [- TomeIV].
L'an de l'Hegyre 1168 [1170]. [Paris, 1754-56]. $1600
Four volume 12mo, pp. [iv] engraved frontispiece & title, 258; [ii] engraved title, 254; [ii] engraved
title, xvi, 255; [iv] engraved frontispiece & title, 215; all four titles within decorative border;
contemporary mottled calf, spine decoratively gilt, contrasting gilt-lettered spine labels and number
piece; an attractive set.
Third edition of Le Camus' guide to beauty, apparently a translation of a manuscript
brought to Paris in 1740 by 'Daimantes Ulasto', private surgeon to the Turkish
ambassador. Le Camus includes a wide range of recipes, including those for perfumes,
oils, sachets, rouge, dental powders, soap, sent and scented gloves, with individual
chapters discussing the history of the toilette, the meaning of beauty, a woman's weight,
and the health of the skin.
Le Camus also includes a life of Abdeker, a doctor, who had cured Mohammed of a
dangerous ailment with the help of secret white powder and subsequently became
Mohammed's friend and regular doctor. The imprint date of 1168 and 1170 refers to the
Islamic calendar, and the Western date is included on the half title.
The work was first published in French 1754 in two volumes only, (with the title
elegantly printed in green), then two further volumes were published. This is apparently
the third edition, with the first volumes reset and the engraved titles printed in black.
The engraved title vignette are particularly appealing, showing a woman admiring her
breasts, taking a bath, surrounded by amazons, and being dressed and decorated by other
naked ladies.
While volumes I and IV have engraved frontispieces too, volumes II and III appear to be
issued without them. The work was immensely popular and German, English and Italian
translations appeared in subsequent years.
See Wellcome III. p. 468; Barbier I, 13; Sander 1136.
With Contemporary Hand-Colouring
51.
LÖHR, Johann Andreas Christian. Die Künste und Gewerbe des Menschen. Zum Behuf
nützlicher Kenntnisse in 104 Abbildungen. Leipzig, Gerhard Fleischer, [1819].
$6800
8vo, pp. viii, [v]-viii, 416, [4] advertisement; with 104 woodcuts of professions, with contemporary
hand-colouring; original pink printed boards, title to upper board within decorative border, spine
and extremities a little rubbed; a few signatures had become loose and have been strenghtened, foredges
a little rubbed; an attractive copy.
First and only edition of a rare book of trades, specifically designed for children. It is
particularly attractive to find this rare children's book with contemporary hand-

colouring.The one-hundred and four full page illustrations show different professions at
work, in their traditional outfits and in their workplace surroundings. Löhr covers a vast
range of professions, beginning with the familiar such as baker, pharmacist, butcher etc,
to carpenter, builder, wood-turner, to very specific glazer, tanner, cartwright, vintner,
printer, type-caster and paper-maker, enameller, tobacco manufacturer to mention but a
few. In each case the illustration accompanies a brief description of the profession,
outlining their specialities, training and products.
Löhr (1764-1823) was the author of popular children's books, and has been praised for
the factual and unsentimental presentation of his material.
Heinsius, VI, 516; Lexikon der Kinder- und Jugendliteratur II, 391; not in Wegehaupt, Rümann or
Düsterdieck; not in Kress or Goldsmiths'; very rare, not found in RLIN or OCLC.
Italian Card Game
52.
MANTOANO, Domenico. Il Tresette in Disciplina o siano alcune regole da osservarsi
nel nobilissimo gioco di Tre-sette. Estes. Venezia ca. 1710. $1100
12mo, pp. 24; later paper boards.
Early edition of these comprehensive rules for the popular Italian card game tresette. The
game, similar to poker is played by four players, with a deck of forty cards.
All individual descriptions of the game are apparently rare, a later edition was published
in 1715, (Weimar only).
See Lensi 95 for another undated edition.
The Foundation of Communist Russia
53.
MARX, Karl. [Kapital, Kritika Poleticeskoj Ekonomii]. [Translated by Lopatine and
Danielson]. Volume one, St. Petersburg, Poliakof, 1872. $15000
Tall 8vo, pp. xiii, [ii], 678; bound without the half title, faint circular ink stains to title, with showthrough
to dedication and first signature; title page a little creased and reinforced in gutter; loss of a
few letters to verso of last leaf, presumably caused by careless removal of original wrappers;
nineteenth century green cloth, recased, extremities a little rubbed; a good copy.
First edition in Russian of Marx's Kapital, in fact the first translation to be published at
all. Its publication led Marx to remark: 'our success is still greater in Russia, where Kapital
is read and appreciated more than anywhere else' (PMM 359).
The publication of the first volume of Karl Marx's Das Kapital was the result of a quarter
of a century of economic studies, mostly carried out in the Reading Room of the British
Museum. His biting critique of the capitalist system had developed from his previous
publication Zur Kritik der politischen Okonomie, 1859. Das Kapital contained it all,
from the theories of value and surplus value, through the dictatorship of the proletariat
to the neo-Hegelian dialectic of materialism, the major Marxist contribution to the

interpretation of history and political economy. The first volume was the only one to be
completed and to be published within Marx's lifetime.
The printing of another edition in Russia was forbidden and so in 1890 a second Russian
edition was printed in New York. This second edition was identical to the first but for
two small typographical variations: the misplaced comma opposite p. 73 in the table of
contents is replaced by a full stop; and the e at the end of l. 40 of p. 65 is replaced by c.
The present copy is clearly the first edition.
Printing and the Mind of Man 359; Rubel 33; Mehring, Marx 391; Die Erstdrucke der Werke v. Marx u.
Engels, 1955, S. 33.
Menger's Masterpiece
54.
MENGER, Carl. Grundsätze der Volkswirtschaftslehre... Erster, allgemeiner Theil. (All
published). Wien, Wilhelm Braumüller, 1871. $7000
8vo, pp. xii, 285, [1] errata; light spotting and discolouration to title, number removed from foot of
spine; contemporary half cloth over marbled boards, gilt lettering to spine; a good copy, with lower
wrapper bound in.
Rare first edition of Menger's masterpiece, a work which 'sets forth the views of one of
the pioneers of the use of psychological concepts to explain the nature and determination
of value' (Batson). 'Carl Menger, economic theorist and founder of the Austrian school
of marginal analysis, was both the most influential and the least read of the major figures
who gave economic theory the shape it preserved from about 1885 to 1935 ... Menger
studied law at the universities of Vienna and Prague, following which he entered the
press section of the prime minister's office in Vienna. In that position, apparently as a
result of having to write market reports, Menger developed an interest in price theory. In
his extensive reading, he found material in the early nineteenth century German and
French economic literature on which to build fully developed utility analysis ...
'The results of Menger's studies appeared in his Grundsätze der Volkswirtschaftslehre,
the work on which his fame mainly rests ...In somewhat copious but always clear
language, it provided a more thorough account of the relations between utility, value, and
price than is found in any of the works by Jevons and Walras, who at about the same
time laid the foundation of the 'marginal revolution' in economics' (Friedrich von Hayek
in IESS).
Einaudi 3831; Menger, col. 86; Batson p. 52 (second edition) IESS, vol 10, p. 124-126; Menger c. 86.
Early Lending Library - Women's Reading Patterns
55.
[MEURS, J. - LIBRARY CATALOGUE]. Catalogue d'un Cabinet de Lecture publique,
contenant une Collection des Ouvrages modernes en Français, Hollandais & Anglais, en
divers Genres, comme Histoires, Vies, Voyages, Romans, Comedies & lesquels on offer à
lire chez J. Meurs, Libraire dans le Veenestraat S. 189. Où le catalogue se distribue à 10
Sols. The Hague, 1819. $2400

8vo, 10 parts in one, pp. 101, [3] blank; 15, [1] blank; 14, [2]; 16; 14, [2]; 16; 15, [1]; 16; 18; title in
French and Dutch; contemporary red roan backed marbled boars, spine ruled and lettered in gilt;
with the bookplate of Elizabeth Mary Villiers to front pastedown; an attractive copy.
Very rare catalogue of an early nineteenth century lending library operating in the Hague.
The volume consists of an extensive main catalogue with 1646 entries, and nine
supplements, listing a grand total of 3301 books. The books are listed in title order
divided by language, first French, then English and Dutch books, with a separate section
of comedies. In each case the author and price are given, occasionally with information
to number of volumes or the presence of illustrations. The overwhelming majority of
titles are clearly novels and light entertainment, together with some travel accounts and a
few non fiction titles; numerous translations are also included. On the verso of the title
subscription charges for those wanting to borrow books listed; if a book is lost the full
price has to be paid. Unknown borrowers might be asked to pay a deposit.
A fascinating insight into reading habits of the early nineteenth century. This volume is in
particularly nice condition, most unusual for a book of the genre. J. Meurs ran both a
bookshop and a lending library in Meurs, which was continued by his son.
Apparently unrecorded; no copy listed in RLIN or OCLC, although OCLC lists a later suite of similar
catalogues at the University of Amsterdam (1823 to 1828); for Meurs see E.F. Kossmann, De Boekhandel
te 's-Gravenhage tot het eind van de 18de eeuw, 's-Gravenhage, Martinus Nijhoff, 1937, p. 269.
56.
[OPERA.] Applausi al Singolare Merito della Celebre Signora Anna Morichelli Bosello
che canta in Venezia nel Teatro Giustiniani in San Moisè quest'qanno 1796. Venezi,
Stamperia Fenzo, [1796]. $1900
Tall 4to, [ii] engraved frontispiece portrait (in red), pp. 12, [2] blank; contemporary pattern-paper
wrappers; upper wrapper a little dust-soiled, corners dog-eared.
First and only edition of the poem in praise of the famous eighteenth century opera diva,
soprano Anna Morichelli Bosello , illustrated with a fine engraved portrait by Zatta after
Trussarelli. The fine portrait shows Anna Morichelli with her hair covered by a headdress
topped by a flower, she is covered with a shawl, following the fashion of the late
eighteenth century.
Morazzoni 275; Pettoello 485; no copies found in RLIN or OCLC.
57.
[PARIS Fair.] Exposition Universelle de 1855. Explication des Ouvrage de Peinture,
Sculpture, Gravure, Lithographie et Architecture des Artistes vivants étrangers et
Français exposés au Palais des Beaux-Art. Paris, Vinghon, 1855. $900
8vo, pp. [iii] - lx, 626, (pp. 617/618 misbound), large folding lithographic plate (500 x720mm)
entitled 'Plan-Guide du Palais des Beaux-Arts' bound at the end; apparently lacking dedicationleaf;
original morocco-backed boards, spine decorated and lettered in gilt, a good copy.

First edition of the fine arts exhibit, listing some 5112 exhibits, including paintings,
sculpture, engravings, lithographs and works of architecture. The Paris exhibition of 1855
was the first great exhibition to include a fine arts exhibit. Artists from twenty-six
countries are represented, including France, Austria, Tuscany, the German State, Prussia,
the USA, Mexico, Turkey and Peru. Where known ownership, previous exhibitions,
address and a short biography of artist are given, sometimes with notes on the piece.
The first section gives the rules for exhibiting, names of judges in the various categories,
as well as details of medals awarded in the 1853 exhibition.
In this the large 'Plan-guide du Palais des Beaux-Arts' is bound at the end. It was
presumably issued separately and was meant to guide the visitor through the exhibition.
It is a large folding map, with notes in English, French, German, Spanish and Italian. It
shows the lay-out of the Palais des Beaux Arts, with a small area map, a view of the
building and extensive further detail, such as a comparison with the London Great
Exhibition. The verso is of particular interest, as it gives contemporary advertising, but
also theatre announcements etc.
Davis, The books of the Fairs, 81.
The First European Book Trade Directory
58.
[PERRIN, Antoine.] Almanach de la Librairie, contenant 1. Les noms des Ministres &
Magistrats qui sont à la tête de la Librairie, ceux des Censeurs & des Inspecteurs. 2. Un
Abrégé des formalités qu'on doit remplir pour obtenir les différentes permissions
d'imprimer, de faire venire des Livres étrangers, de suivre les process pendants en la
Commission ou au Conseil, & enfin de ce qu'il faut faire pour parvenir à être reçu
Libraire ou Imprimeur. 3. Un Tableau de tous les Libraires & Imprimeurs de Paris & du
Royaume. 4. Un Tableau des Libraires des principales villes de l'Europe. 5. Un Tableau
de Graveurs d'histoire, de paysages, de portraits, établis à Paris, suivi de celui des
Marchands d'estampes & de dessins. 6. Les noms & les addresses des Graveurs en letters
& en musique, & ceux des Marchands de musique de Paris & des principales villes du
Royaume. 7. Les Foires de Librairie. 8. Le depart des Messageries, des Coches d'eau &
des Rouliers, & enfin les nouveaux Réglements. Paris, Moutard, Imprimeur-Libraire de la
Reine, 1778. $2500
12mo, pp. [iv], 207, [5] table des matières and privilege; paper lightly browned at beginning and end;
early nineteenth century sheep; triple gilt rules to sides, spine decoratively gilt, gilt-lettered spine
label; a little rubbed; with bookplate 'Pour Savoir E. Le Mercier' to front pastedown.
Second much enlarged edition of the first European book trade directory. It was first
published in 1777 by Duchesne, but in a much less comprehensive format.
This fascinating address book of everyone related to the world of printing and books
clearly has an emphasis on the Paris book trade in particular and the French book trade
in general, but covers also German, Italian, British and Scandinavian printers and
publishers. The first sections cover the 'legal' side of the book trade; names of censors
and inspectors are given, with their respective specialisations, followed by details

egarding book imports and distribution. The second part gives details of printers and
booksellers, names and addresses of engravers, followed by those of music printers.
Even though the directory is by no means comprehensive as regards names of printers
and publishers outside of France, it gives an invaluable indication to the principal names
in the trade in Europe.
The final sections deal with recent modifications of the general laws governing
publishing and printing, especially those concerning workers' regulations and guild rules.
The Almanach was first published in 1777, and later editions followed in 1781 and 1784,
when new regulations made another edition necessary.
Grand-Carteret 586; see G. Barber, Pendred Abroad, in Studies in the Book Trade, in Honour of Graham
Pollard, 1975.
59.
PETTY, William. Several Essays in Political Arithmetick … Fourth Edition, Corrected.
To which are prefix'd, Memoirs of the Author's Life. London, D. Browne, et al, 1755.
$1100
8vo, pp. [iv], vi, 184; with the final advertisement leaf removed; numerous tables in the text;
nineteenth century portrait inserted after prelims, contemporary sheep-backed marbled boards,
extremities quite rubbed, joints worn, but cords holding; with the armorial book plate of the
Forbes-Leith family of Whitehaugh to front free endpaper.
Collected edition of Petty's statistical publications, here issued for the first time together
with the biographical essay. First published in 1699 the collection contains his famous
Political Arithmetick, together with essays on the population of London, Dublin, Paris
and Rome, with observations on social conditions and population development. 'Instead
of using only comparative and superlative Words, and intellectual Arguments, I have
taken the course... to express my self in Terms of Number, Weight, or Measure; to use
only Arguments of Sense, and to consider only such Causes, as have visible Foundations
in Nature'. Petty's main achievement was the application of the new quantitative method
to political science. This involves a systematic search for the main characteristics of
human society - a fact well expressed by Petty's favourite term for the object of his
enquiries: 'political anatomy'.
Goldsmiths'-Kress 8998; Roll, A History of Economic Thought, pp. 100-1; see Keynes 48.
Scuffles on the Ponte di Mezzo in Pisa
60.
[PISA.] Prospetto della Festa del gioco del Ponte che si eseguisce in Pisa II di XII di
maggio del Corrente Anno 1785. Con veduta in Rame iniata del medesimo, ed
accresciuta di diverse circostanze formenti il complosso della suddetta Festa. Per comodo
ed intelligenza de' Signori Forestieri. Florence, Giuseppe Tosani, 1785.
$900
4to, folding engraved plate, pp. 12; loosely preserved in marbled wrappers.

First edition of this 'tourist' guide to the colourful battle on the Ponte di Mezzo, the
traditional summer festivities in Pisa. Dating back to the sixteenth century, the game
involves first an extensive military parade on the Arno river of the representatives of the
southern bank of the river (Mezzogiorno) against those of the northern bank
(Tramontana), followed by a man-to-man battle of circa 50 representatives of the
opposing teams on the bridge. The combatants wore armour, a helmet (called morione)
and used the 'targone' (a large heavy shield) which could also be used for attack. The
desire for autonomy from Florentine domination and the increasing violence of the game
caused Leopold II to ban the game in 1785. It was revived briefly in 1807, and then again
in the nineteen thirties, and today in a sanitised form has become a major tourist
attraction.
The charming hand-coloured engraved plate shows the bridge with views of the
surrounding sights, with the opposing teams in full action.
Swedish Industrialist and Inventor
61.
POLHEM, Gabriel. Chrisopher Polhems Patriotiska Testamente, eller Anderraettelse om
Järn, Stål, Koppar, Mässing, Tenn och Bly för dem som wilja begynna Manufacturer i
dessa ämnen. Jemte en Förtekning på alla dess Mechaniska Inventioner. … Stockholm,
tryck på Direct. Lars Salvii, 1761. $2000
8vo, pp. [xxiv], 128, a few woodcut diagrams in the text; some light browning, due to paper quality;
contemporary stiff marbled wrappers, spine strengthened; a little dog-eared, but still a good copy.
First edition, rare, of Gabriel Polhem's account of the most significant inventions of his
father, Christopher Polhem (1661-1751), the important Swedish inventor and
industrialist. After studying engineering techniques used in Germany, the Netherlands,
France, and England, Polhem set up a mechanical laboratory that gave considerable
impetus to Swedish technology. He constructed water-powered machines such as rollers
and shearing machines employed in the fabrication of metal products. Polhem's major
contributions to the mining industry were put into practice when he collaborated with
Gabriel Stierncrona and founded the Stiersunds Bruk, a factory of the mass production
of metal goods in iron, steel and bronze. Simple mass-market articles such as pans, trays,
bowls, knives, scissors and mirrors were made there, together with the more
sophisticated Polhem lock. Polhem himself published an account of some of his
inventions, Kort Berattelse om de Fornamsta Mechaniska Inventioner in 1729, but this
publication, ten years after his death, gives a far more comprehensive account of his
inventions. The list of inventions (pp. 115-128) is not included in the German edition.
In this publications his inventions using sheet metal, steel, copper, brass, tin, and lead for
industrial productions are described in greater detail, some illustrated with woodcut
diagrams. Most impressive, however, is the final listing of over one hundred inventions
listed at the end, including textile machinery (special loom for producing stockings), and
a printing press. Those inventions which are included in his collection of wooden models
of mechanisms for educational purposes (now housed in the National Museum of
Science and Technology in Stockholm) are marked with an asterisk.

Just two copies found, in the Swedish National Library, and the Bavarian State Library; not in NUC, not
found in RLIN, but two copies recorded at Stanford and Harvard.
62.
PRANG, Louis. Alphabets, plain, ornamented and illuminated: a selection from the best
ancient and modern styles, particularly adapted for the use of painters, engravers, marble
workers and illuminators. L. Prang & Co, Art Publishers Boston Mass, [1873].
$400
Oblong 4to (170 x 270mm), pp. [iv], ll. 15 plates, three of which in three colours, printed on one
side only, [1] price list dated 1873]; some spotting and foxing throughout; original decorated cloth
with title embossed in gilt on upper cover.
First edition of Prang's Alphabets, illustrating ancient, medieval and modern patterns of
alphabets, illustrating styles of the different centuries. Also included are some illuminated
or emblematic letters, printed colour lithography.
As the title indicates, the work is aimed at painters, engravers, marble workers etc, and is
completed with a detailed price of Prang's chromos.
There is apparently also another issue giving the full address of Prang's on the title page.
Copyright and Intellectual Property
63.
PÜTTER, Johann Stephan. Der Büchernachdruck nach ächten Grundsätzen des Rechts
geprüft ... Göttingen, im Verlage der Wittwe Vandenhoeck, 1774. $4500
4to, pp. [xiv], 206; title vignette, head- and tail-pieces and initials; contemporaryfull calf, spine in
compartments, decoratively gilt, with gilt-lettered spine label; a fine copy with the engraved
bookplate of Friedrich August II of Braunschweig-Öls to front paste-down.
First edition of the first detailed study of literary copyright law, as it affects authors,
printers and booksellers. Pütter's interest in international copy-right law, protection of
intellectual property and unauthorised reprints was sparked off by his own experience of
an unauthorised reprint of one of his works (Elementa juris publicis germanici) appearing
in Frankfurt, while the authorised version was still at the press in Göttingen. He carefully
analysed the legal implications of reprints, and proved the unlawfulness of unauthorised
reprints, because they violate the author's right to his intellectual property. The work was
highly important in the history of publishing, and a French translation appeared under
the title La Propriété Littéraire. In the last section earlier German edicts and laws
regarding printing rights, licensing agreements, unauthorised reprints, and censorship are
reprinted.
The German jurist Pütter (1725-1807) was 'undoubtedly the most important expounder
of the public law of the old Reich'. In his hands 'the law appears disentangled from its
difficulties, in a form which by virtue of its grace, rationality and elegance rises above the
ponderous structure of the old Reich … In the field of public law, in which he made his
chief contribution, Pütter had separated constitutional from administrative law and then

had treated the particular branches of administration as parts of a highly lucid system. In
his method he became the founder of juristic dogmatism' (ESS).
ADB XXVI, pp. 749-777; Bigmore and Wyman II, 226; Katalog des Börsenvereins 461; Der detusche
Buchhandel in Urkunden und Quellen, II, p. 331 ff; NUC/RLIN and OCLC record copies at Harvard,
Chicago, Berkeley, and the University of Pennsylvania; for further information on the author see ESS.
Modern Historiography
64.
RANKE, Leopold von. Zur Kritik neuerer Geschichtsschreiber... Eine Beylage zu
desselben romanischen und germanischen Geschichten. Leipzig und Berlin, bey G.
Reimer, 1824. $1800
8vo, pp. xii, 202; contemporary quarter calf, spine with raised bands, ruled in gilt, gilt-lettered spine
label; from the 'Bibliotheque du Baron de Noirmont' with printed armorial book label to front
paste-down; an attractive copy.
First edition of Ranke's revolutionary exposition of historiography. Ranke can be called
the first of modern historians, he was the first to rely entirely on contemporary sources,
letters, diaries etc, and trained generations of disciples in the critical use of original
documents and the unbiased approach to every age and nation. He rejected the task
historians had formerly assigned to themselves, of being the judges of the past and
teachers of their contemporaries, instead his first aim was merely to show how things
actually were, summed up in his well-known claim of writing history 'wie es eigentlich
gewesen'.
'Ranke first applied to medieval and modern history the critical principles which Niebuhr
had established for ancient history. He thereby set up novel standards of scholarship
which have since become accepted by historians of every nation who are not shackled by
the straitjacket of a narrow dogma ... His 'Examination of Modern Historians' takes its
departure from Guicciardini, who had hitherto been regarded as the chief authority on
the period. Without belittling 'one of the great historical productions which we have',
Ranke deprives the Historia d'Italia of its claim to being a primary source and shows the
extent to which Guicciardini was dependent on other writers, and even more important,
how much his outlook is coloured by his own private life, professional career and party
prejudices. In other words, Ranke tries to assess the value of a source through the
explanation of the character of its author' (PMM 286).
Printing and the Mind of Man 286; see Blackwell Dictionary of Historians.
Early Ready-Reckoner
65.
[READY-RECKONER.] [MONTE REALE, piemontese.] Invention novvelle et
admirable, pour faire toutes sortes de comptes, soit marchandises, monnoyes, poids, &
mesures pour vendre & acheter: laquelle servira par tout le monde avec grande facilité,
sans gettons ny plume. Rouen, David Ferrande, 1648. $1000

Small 12mo in 8s and 4s, ll. [125], a few pages shaved at foot, just touching signature letters;
contemporary full mottled calf, spine in compartments, decoratively gilt, gilt-lettered spine label,
joints a little dry, else fine; from the Macclesfield library, with book plate to front pastedown and
blindstamp to title; a fine copy.
Later edition of an early ready-reckoner, a compilation of multiplication tables first
published in 1585 and attributed to a piemontese mathematician Monte Reale. The first
section contains multiplication tables, the second a brief military interlude with
instructions on how to calculate simple battle or parade formations with a given number
of soldiers. The remaining chapters deal with interest rate calculations and exchange
rates.
The first edition had been published in 1585, and apparently there were two more
editions in 1633 and 1645 before the present one.
See Cerboni p. 39 for edition of 1585; see Riccardi, II. c. 181; all early editions are rare, the Bibliotheque
Nationale records only the edition of 1645, the French copac also records the 1633 edition, RLIN/OCLC
list just Columbia (1585) for any early edition.
66.
[READY-RECKONER.] Tableau des Rapports du Poids Decimal du Royaume de
France, avec l'ancien Poids de Marseille, calculé depuis un Kilogramme jusqu'à un
Million, daprès les bases données par la Commission des Poids et Mesures, nommée par
Mr le Préfet du Département des Bouches-du-Rhône, en Ventôse an 10. Nouvelle
l'Edition, corrigée et augmentée. Marseille, Jean Mossy, 1831. $640
Tall 8vo, (190 x 55mm) pp. 208, tables throughout; contemporary full sheep, extremities a little
rubbed, but fine.
Later edition of a handy conversion guide for weights and measures, with the tradition
tall narrow shape, designed to fit into the tradesmen's pocket. Earlier editions had
appeared in 1802 and 1810.
All editions are rare; Harvard has 1810 edition.
Signalling Numbers
67.
REQUENO, Vincenzo. Scoperta della Chironomia, ossia dell'Arte di Gestire con le
Mani. Parma, Fratelli Gozzi, 1797. $1300
8vo, pp. viii, 141, [1] imprint, [1] errata, 3 engraved plates; uncut in the original pale blue wrappers;
spine a little chipped and corners worn; a crisp and very wide-margined copy.
First edition of this very attractive and curious introduction into the art of 'chiromania' ,
or talking with one's hands, used not only in mime, but in a wide range of situations. The
author begins with a historical overview, and then discusses the use of hands and fingers
in counting and calculating in classical antiquity. The left hand indicates numbers up to

ninety, whereas the right hand gives hundreds. The three finely engraved plates, in fact,
illustrate this use, and give the hand signs for different figures and numbers. He also
deals with the representation of the letters of the alphabet with both the left and the right
hand.
In the second and more substantial part the author deals with the use of hands and
gestures in mime, pantomime and classical theatre in general. He deplores in particular
that modern mime does not utilise the hands in the same 'meaningful' way, as was
common in antiquity.
In Praise of the French Language
68.
RIVAROL, Antoine de. Dissertations sur l'Universalité de la Langue Françoise, qui ont
partagé le Prix adjugé par l'Académie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres le 3 Juin,
MDCCLXXXIV. Berlin, George Jacques Decker, Imprimeur du Roi, 1784.
[Bound with:] SCHWAB, Jean Christophe. Dissertation sur l'Universalité de la Langue
Françoise. Beantwortung der von der Könglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in
Berlin furs Jahr 1784 aufgegebenen Preisfrage: Was ist es, das die Französische Sprache
zu einer Universalsprache in Europa gemacht hat. Wodurch verdient sie diesen Vorzug?
Ist zu vermuthen, daß sie ihn behalten werde? $5600
Two works in one volume, 4to, pp. [ii], 52; 87; uncut, title page dust-soiled with some staining, two
tears to lower margin strengthened from verso, signatures B and C of the second work with some
marginal damp-staining; recent marbled boards, with printed label to spine and upper boards; small
unidentified heraldic stamp to verso of title.
First edition, very rare, of Rivarol's prize-winning essay on the universality of the French
language, published by the Berlin Academy of Sciences, together with Schwab's essay on
the same question. Brief, brilliant, and aphoristic, this celebration of the glory of the
French language is included in even the briefest history of the French language and has
served as an indicator for the pride the French take in their language and culture. Rivarol
maintained that there was no need to look further for a universal language, as French
already possessed all the necessary characteristics. In a sweeping overview he condenses
centuries of French linguistic history and celebrates French culture.
Umberto Eco sums up his main points: 'Apart from its intrinsic perfection, French was
already an international language; it was the language most diffused in the world, so
much that is was possible to speak of the 'French world' just as, in antiquity, one could
speak of the 'Roman world'. According to Rivarol, French possessed a phonetic system
that guaranteed sweetness and harmony, as well as a literature incomparable in its
richness and grandeur; … In comparison with French all other languages paled: German
was too guttural, Italian too soft, Spanish to redundant, English too obscure. Rivarol
attributed the superiority of French to its word order: first subject, then verb, and last
object. This word order mirrored a natural logic which was in accordance with the
requirements of common sense'. Rivarol condenses his arguments in great aphoristic
style: 'Ce qui n'est pas clair, n'est pas français'.

The first edition of this work is very rare, it was reprinted the same year with a Berlin and
Paris imprint (à Berlin, et se trouve à Paris, chez Baily et Dessenne) with a further edition
following in 1797.
En Français dans le Texte 177; Cioranescu 53293; Tchemerzine IX, p. 103 (mistakenly listing the second
issue as the original); OCLC lists just one copy at the Boston Athenaeum, RLIN adds just microfilms; see
Umberto Eco, The search for the perfect language, 1995.
French Printing and Book-Selling Regulated
69.
SAUGRAIN, Claude Marin. Code de la Librairie et Imprimerie de Paris. Où Conférence
du Réglement arrête au Conseil d'État du Roy, le 28 Febrier 1723, et rendu commun
pour tout le Royaume, par Arrêt du Conseil d'Etat du 24 Mars 1744. Avec les anciennes
Ordonnances, Edits, Déclarations, Arrêts, Réglemens & Jugements rendus au sujet de la
Librairier & de l'Imprimerie, depuis l'an 1332, jusqu'à present. Paris, aux dépens de la
Communauté, 1744. $2500
8vo, pp. xxiv, 496, 30 privilege & index; title printed in red and black, engraved head- and tailpieces;
very faint dampstaining to upper corner for first few leaves, brown stain to H1;
contemporary full panelled calf, spine richly gilt in compartments, gilt-lettered spine label;
extremities a little rubbed; from the library of the Besançon printer Jean-Baptiste Charmet with the
name embossed in gilt on the upper boards, small later book label of Maurice Bixio on front
pasted-down; an attractive copy.
First edition of the comprehensive body of legislation regulating the French book trade
in the eighteenth century. Elaborate regulations dominated legal publishing in France,
regulating everything from the thirty-six master printers and one hundred or so master
booksellers in Paris, down to the colporteurs and book peddlars, who sold almanacs and
proclamations in the street. The legislation of 1723, initiated by d'Auguesseau, attempted
to shift the emphasis from pure profit protection to some form of quality control.
Numerous edicts specify typefaces, basic equipment of the main printing houses, training
and advancement of apprentices. The communauté des libraries et imprimeurs de Paris
controlled the industry, and also benefited from special tax exemptions. 'Books
themselves were tax-exempt. Each contained a formal 'privilege' or permission granted
by the King's 'grace' and registered. By purchasing a privilege, a guild member acquired
an exclusive right to sell a book, 'thereby transforming a 'grace' into a kind of
commodity, which he could divide into portions and sell to other members. Thus
monopoly and privilege existed at three levels within the publishing industry, within the
book itself, within the gild, and as an aspect of the guild's own special status within the
Ancien Régime' (Darnton, p. 187).
This particularly attractive copy rather fittingly was previously owned by an eighteenth
century Besançon printer named Charmet.
Barbier I, 623; Bigmore & Wyman II, 296; Conlon 44:1114; see Darnton, The Literary Underground of the
Old Regime, Cambridge, 1982.
The First Good German Translation of Adam Smith

70.
SMITH, Adam. Untersuchung über die Natur und die Ursachen des Nationalreichthums
… Aus dem Englischen der vierten Ausgabe neu übersetzt. Erster Band [-Vierter Band].
Breslau, bey Wilhelm Gottlieb Korn. 1794-96.
$5000
Four volumes, 8vo, pp. xx, 476, [4] errata; iv, 274, [1] errata; [iv], 451; [iv], 484; contemporary pale
brown sprinkled boards; gilt-lettered spine lables; some discolouring to spines; small portion of
front free endpaper cut out, presumably to remove an ownership inscription, book-plate removed
from front paste-down; internally very clean and crisp, a fine set.
First edition of Garve's translation of the Wealth of Nations, regarded as the first good
German edition of Smith's great classic of political economy, which proved highly
influential on the Continent. Christian Garve (1742-1798) was professor of philosophy in
Leipzig and a great admirer of Scottish philosophy and philosophers. He provided the
German public with first-class translations of a number of works, 'added lengthy notes
and comments to his translations, popularised the Scots' ideas in his own writings and, in
general, did more than anyone else to spread the fame of the Scottish Enlightenment'
(Waszek, p. 283).
Smith's Wealth of Nations, more than any other, changed the course of economic
history. It was the 'first expression of the freedom of the individual' (PMM). He
presented a co-ordinated and mutually dependent system of economic causes, which is
exemplified in the most famous quotation from Book IV of the Wealth of Nations, the
'invisible hand theorem': 'But it is only for the sake of profit that any man employs [his]
capital … he will always, therefore, endeavour to employ it in the support of that
industry of which the produce is likely to be of the greatest value, or to exchange for the
greatest quantity either of money or of other goods … he is in this, as in many other
cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was not part of his intention.
Nor is it always the worse for the society that it was no part of it. By pursuing his own
interest he frequently promotes that of the society more effectually than when he really
intends to promote it'.
The first German translation (by J.F. Schiller and Chr. A. Wichmann) had appeared as
early as 1776, but was 'so bad that it was sometimes held responsible for the slow
introduction of Smith's economics into Germany' (Waszek, p. 283).
Goldsmiths'-Kress 15939.13; Vanderblue, p. 26; see Norbert Waszek, 'Bibliography of the Scottish
Enlightenment in Germany', in Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century 230, p. 301.
Individual Anarchism - an Influence of Benjamin Tucker
71.
STIRNER, Max [pseud. for Johann Kaspar Schmidt.] Der Einzige und sein Eigenthum
... Leipzig, Verlag von Otto Wiegand. 1845. $3000
8vo, pp. [ii], 491, [1] imprint; occasional light browning, due to paper quality; contemporary moiré
cloth, spine lettered and decorated in gilt; a fine copy, with small private library stamp to verso of
title.

First edition of Stirner's influential and highly original main work, his proclamation of
individualistic anarchy which placed him in the tradition of Godwin, and exerted
considerable influence over the modern school of anarchists in Germany and Russia.
Max Stirner is frequently cited as one of the earlierst and best-known exponents of
individual anarchism, becausse of his rejection of the state, law, and government. His
The Ego and Its Own (sometimes translated as 'The Individual and His Property') is
considered to be 'a founding text in the tradition of individualist anarchism.'Stirner
maintained that society had no responsibility for its members, and that many generally
accepted notions, such as the concept of the state, property as a right, natural rights, and
the very notion of society were mere illusions or ghosts in the mind, saying of society
that 'the individuals are its reality'. He advocated egoism and a form of amoralism, in
which individuals would unite in 'associations of egoists' only when it was in their self
interest to do so. For him, property simply comes about through might: 'Whoever knows
how to take, to defend, the thing, to him belongs property.' And, 'What I have in my
power, that is my own. So long as I assert myself as holder, I am the proprietor of the
thing.'
His ideas influenced many anarchists, although interpretations of his thought are diverse,
and one of his most prominent disciples was the American anarchist Benjamin Tucker.
Stammhammer I, 241; Borst 2187; Menger c. 368.
The Delights of Conjugal Love
72.
SWEDENBORG, Emanuel. Traité curieux des charmes de l'amour conjugal dans ce
monde et dans l'autre. … traduit du Latin en Français par M. de Brumore. Berlin and
Basle, George-Jacques & J. Henri Decker, 1784. $1200
12mo, pp. [iv], 206; some spotting and browning at beginning and end, due to paper quality;
contemporary calf-backed pastepaper boards, spine gilt, gilt-lettered spine label, with armorial
bookplate with monogram CIVLR and motto 'Mors est vita sine literis' to verso of front free
endpaper.
First French translation of Swedenborg's well-known work on the delights of marriage,
which first appeared in Latin under the title Deliciae sapientiae de amore coniugalis in
1768. Swedenborg regarded marriage as the union between wisdom, embodied in the
man, and love, embodied in the woman. Thus marriage is a union between the two
qualities of reason and intention, a dualism that can be traced throughout his writings.
The Swedish scientist and philosopher Swedenborg (1688-1772) is now best known for
the spiritualist movement he founded, which exerted great influence on a wide range of
artists, writers and philosophers, such as William Blake, Strindberg, Baudelaire, W.B.
Yeats, Carl Jung and William James to mention but a few.
Cioranescu 33411; OCLC lists copies at the Dutch Royal Library, Cornell, Wellcome Library, Graduate
Union College, California.
Theatre, Dance and Gambling Condemned
73.

TONISCHI, Giovanni Ambrogio. Saggi e Riflessioni sopra i Teatri e Giuochi d'Azardo.
Con un ragionamento sopra i giouchi d'invito ... Venice, Simone Occhi, 1755. $2000
4to, pp. [vi], 158, bound without the half-title; woodcut title vignette, some spotting and browning
throughout, as usual; contemporary full mottled sheep, spine gilt, with remains of spine label;
boards a little bent, and corners rubbed.
First edition, uncommon, of an interesting discussion of the morals of games and
gambling and other diversions, such as the theatre and dance. The main part is taken up
by Tonischi's commentary on the debate between Scipione Maffei and the Dominican
rigorist Father Concina about the validity of the theatre as an art form. He sides with
Concina and condemns the theatre as morally corrupt.
Most interesting is his last section on the dangers of games of chance. Tonischi is clearly
aware of the seventeenth and eighteenth century debates on games of chance and
opposes the more popular arguments in favour of gambling. He dismisses its function as
a legitimate diversion, and argues against the legal contract theory. Another theory
defends gambling as an 'industry', with inherent economic benefits to the state. Todeschi
refutes this as against Christian principles. He outlines the grievous effects of gambling
on family life and individual happiness. In support he cites the most relevant church bans
on games and gambling.
RLIN and OCLC locate copies at the Chicago, Johns Hopkins, New York Public Library, Wayne State
University and the University of Wisconsin, at Madison, and the Getty Library.
Criminal Slang
74.
TRAIN, Josef K. von. Chochemer Loschen. Wörterbuch der Gauner- und Diebs- vulgo
Jenischen Sprache, nach Criminalacten und den vorzüglichsten Hülfsquellen für Justiz-,
Polizey- und Mauthbeamte, Candidaten der Rechte, Landgerichtsdiener und
Gemeindevorsteher bearbeitet.. Regensburg, Pustet, 1832. $1560
8vo, pp. [iii]-xiv, [ii] section title, 294 [1] errata, with ll. 2 folding lithograph leaves showing secret
writing systems, bound after 254; bound without the half-title; contemporary marbled boards, giltlettered
spine label; extremities worn, stamp removed from title.
Second edition edition of this handbook and dictionary of criminal language and slang,
also known as Jenisch. The first edition had been bought en bloc by the Bavarian police
force, or possibly had been an internal publication only. The work is arranged in four
separate sections: a German - Jenisch and Jenisch- German dictionary, which takes up
most of the work, is followed by an introduction to criminal secret writing systems (with
an example of the lithograph plates) and finally a little scene from 'criminal life' written in
Jenisch and with its German translation.
Jenisch is the secret language of a population of travellers in southwest Germany,
Switzerland and Austria. Although the Jenisch language does contain some elements of
Yiddish, it is in fact not a form of Yiddish, but is the language spoken by 'travellers' and
Gypsies. The details had been compiled from interviews with criminals, and court
documents, and was particularly designed for use in criminal investigations etc.

A second edition was published in 1833 with a Meissen imprint.
Zaunmüller 65; uncommon, OCLC locates copies at UCLA, Colorado, New York Public Library and
London university.
75.
[VENICE.] A magnificent collection of forty Italian 'presentation' or festival books
issued towards the end of the eighteenth century, marking a high-point in Italian book
production, illustration and book-binding. $140000
This collection presents forty particularly splendid examples of 'presentation or festival
books, celebrating 'ingressi' and 'nozze'. These books of congratulatory verse were
produced magnificently, sparing no expense, with charming vignettes and fully decorated
engraved borders. Whereas in the earlier books only the title page was surrounded with a
decorative border, later productions increased the number from a few to up to twenty
different borders, repeated not in a haphazard but carefully orchestrated order. Unified
themes run through the series of borders, both in subject matter and in style. Similar
books had been produced already in the earlier part of the century, but these later
productions are of particular significance. Not only was ever greater emphasis placed on
artistic decoration, but two features emerged which 'may be proposed as distinctive
Venetian contributions to the modern history of the illustrated book: first the
comprehensive decoration of books through open, free-floating, figurative borders
enlivening every page, text as well as plate; and second, decorative paper bindings
especially created for individual books or editions.' (Robison, p. 353).
Most of the books contained in this collection are in their original highly decorative
publisher's binding, paper wrappers or boards, exactly the way they were issued. Most of
these are decorated with woodcuts or stencil-printed armorial designs or embossed
patterns. These bindings demonstrate the other distinctive Venetian contribution to book
history, 'the practice of preparing a distinctive binding for individual editions… which is
generally regarded a result of nineteenth century industrialisation. However, as can be
seen in the sample of the eighteenth century Venetian books, this practice of edition
binding began earlier'. 'These individual bindings were characteristically decorative. …
The Venetian designs had distinct sections for the front cover, the spine, and the back
cover. The cover designs always had borders framing reserved central areas. An
ornamental shield with the general monogram VV (Viva Venezia), a figurative vignette
appropriate to the family, or an ornamental shield with the specific arms or monogram of
the celebrant to whom the book was dedicated is often found on the lower cover. The
front cover, however, always had an ornamental shield containing the specific arms of
the celebrated nobleman for an ingresso, or in the case of a wedding, the arms of one of
both of the celebrating spouses.' (Robison p. 354).
In some cases more than one publication accompanied a given event. Cover designs were
re-used, with distinctive colour combinations. Binding designs were implemented in
varying degrees of lavishness, with the most extravagant embossed in gilt on card,
whereas the more 'learned' contribution appeared in a matching binding, but printed in
black or a single colour. There is one instance of the design being printed on silk, again
with the related binding in the same design but on paper.

Also included in the collection is a very rare engraved broadside announcing the event to
be celebrated. Because of the their transitory nature only very few of these broadsides
have survived. A full catalogue is available on request.
Background: Venice was the largest publishing centre in Italy during the final years of the
Venetian Republic in the eighteenth century. Its pre-eminent publishers such as Albrizzi,
Zatta and Pasquali were producing lavishly illustrated books, both for the home market
and for export. The publishers were important patrons of Venetian artists and
commissioned painters such as Tiepolo, Piazzetta, Novelli and Bartolozzi to produce
painting and drawings for book illustrations. These were brilliantly executed, often as
charming vignettes depicting landscapes, views and scenes, or allegorical figures by a
school of engravers working in close collaboration with the artists. Venetian publishers
tended to specialise in literature, but the most splendid works were reserved for the many
publications privately issued to commemorate special events, such as the procession on
assuming public office, or marriage of members of distinguished families.
References:
Cicogna, E.A. Saggio di bibliografia veneziana, Venice, 1847.
Hyatt Mayor, A. Italian XVIII Century book illustration, in 'The Metropolitan Museum Art Bulletin.
January 1950, pp. 136-142.
Lanckoronska, M. Die venezianische Buchgraphik des XVIII Jahrhunderts. Hamburg, 1950.
Lappiccirella, L. Libri illustrate veneziani del XVIII secolo. Disegni - Libri - Incisioni. Catalogo 3. Florence,
1957.
Leporace, T.G. Il Libro illustrato nel settecento a Venezia. Venice, 1955.
Martineau, J. and A. Robison. The glory of Venice. Art in the eighteenth century. Exhibition catalogue,
London, Washington, 1994.
Pettoello, A. Libri illustrati veneziani del settecento. Le pubblicazioni d'occasione. Venice, 2005.
Pinto, O. Nuptialia. Saggio di bibliografia delle edizioni per nozze dal 1484 al 1799. Florence 1971.
Robison, A. Eighteenth-Century Venetian Illustrated Books. Exhibition catalogue, New York, 1981.
Robison, A. 'Componimenti poetici per l'ingresso solenne alla dignità di procuratore … Lodovico Manin
(Venice, Albrizzi, 1764) in: Vision of a Collector. The Lessin J. Rosenwald Collection in the Library of
Congress. Washington, 1991.
Saks. Venetian Illustrated Books of the Eighteenth Century. The Collection John A. Saks. Wednesday 10
June, 1981. Christie's, London, 1981.
Soranzo, G. Bibliografia veneziana in aggiunta e continuazione del 'Saggio' di E.A. Cicogna. Venice, 1885.
Prison Reform with Prison Accounts
76.
[VILAIN XIIII, Jean-Jacques-Philippe, vicomte.] Mémoire sur les Moyens de Corriger le
Malfaiteurs et Fainéans a leur propre Avantage et de les Rendre utiles à l'État, propose à
l'Assemblée des Députés par le Vicomte Vilain XIIII & présenté aux Corps &
Administrations des Etats de Flandres au mois de Janvier 1775. Ghent, Pierre de Goesin,
[1775]. $5600
Large 4to, pp. [viii] including initial blank, 268, with four double-page engraved plates mounted on
guards and bound after the prelims; text printed throughout within decorative baroque border;
numerous tables in the text; early nineteenth-century half sheep over marbled boards, spine ruled in

gilt, gilt-lettered spine label; upper joint strengthened, head and tail of spine chipped; printed on
thick paper; a fine, wide-margined copy.
First edition, very uncommon, of Viscount Vilain XIIII's detailed proposals for a reform
of the prison system, combined with improvements in their financial administration and
accounting systems. Vilain (1712-1777), had made initial suggestions in 1771, as a result
of which the citadel of the Belgian city of Ghent was transformed into an enlightened
detention centre, combining prison, work-house, and house of correction. His system
combined isolation by night with communal work during the day. The inmates were
divided up according to the type and severity of their crimes. He also made some
innovative proposals on the commutation of sentences. He favoured the exercise of the
pardoning power with regulation by law of the conditions under which the prison
administrators were to recommend the pardon. This plan later found application in the
United States in Tennessee Act of 1836.
The work, however, is not just important in the field of prison reform, but even more so
in its innovative financial organisation. Vilain gives a precise introduction to double-entry
book-keeping for use in public accounts, with the specific provision that the prison
governor could at all times easily assess the profitability of the institution. Accounting
practices are applied to all aspects of the institution, not just the financial ones. He gives
detailed examples of day-book, journal, and end of year accounts.
In the second half the textile workshops run by the prison are described, again with clear
regulations as to their organisation and accounting. Stringent cost benefit calculations are
applied, before they can be introduced. A number of different types of workshops are
introduced and their profitability tested.
In his conclusion Vilain proposes the introduction of these workshops to guarantee
financial independence of the institution, and maintains that not only will criminals be
gainfully employed, but the problem of mendacity will also be reduced in the long term.
The finely engraved plates show plans of the prison, together with views and elevations.
A second edition was published in 1841.
Higgs 6469; not in Kress or Goldsmiths'; not in Historical Accounting Literature, not in Herwood, or
Stevelinck; see M. Foucault, Surveiller et punir, p. 124; OCLC/RLIN list copies at Berkeley, Chicago, Yale,
Cornell, Duke, Tulane and the University of Wisconsin, in addition to European locations.
Votlaire's Anglomania
77.
VOLTAIRE, François Marie Arouet de. Letters concerning the English Nation. London,
Printed [by William Bowyer] for C. Davis and A. Lyon, 1733. $2000
8vo, pp. [xiv], [ii] advertisements, 253, [1] blank, [18] index; contemporary full panelled calf, spine in
compartments, with gilt-lettered spine label, rebacked with original spine laid down; from the library
of Sir Henry Streatfield, Chiddingstone Castle, Kent, with his manuscript ownership inscription to
head of title, armorial bookplate to front pastedown and his price not 4 - 6, 1736 on front free
endpaper; a clean and crisp copy.
First edition of this fascinating volume of great philosophical and scientific interest, and
in fact, mostly not a translation but written by Voltaire in English and for an English
market, as a kind of testimony of his love of 'things English'. Buruma observes that he

invented a new genre: instead of writing an ordinary travel book, he approached his
subject as an intellectual traveller and wrote a journey of ideas. He made no effort to
describe what England looked like, but wanted to show what Englishmen thought. Much
of what he admired about England and the English was, of course, taken as criticism of
his own country, and some attempts were made to suppress the French version, which
followed shortly.
This edition, often described as 'unauthorised', precedes the first edition in French, which
was also printed by Bowyer but with a fictitious Basle imprint. Harcourt Brown has
argued that more than half of the book was in fact written by Voltaire in English and
rewritten by him in French for the French editions. He therefore concludes that 'the
English text has more actuality than the author's French revision of it; the reader is closer
to the impressions and events that inspired Voltaire.' The letters that Brown suggests
were written in English [numbers 1-8, 10, 12, 18, 19, 21 and 22] deal predominantly with
Voltaire's personal experiences and observations in England, with literature - Bacon,
Swift, Butler, Pope, Waller, Rochester, and the dramatists - and with aspects of public life
of his day. The letters composed in French [9, 11, 13-17, 20] were probably written later,
after his return to France, deal with philosophy and science, including the important
letters on Newton and Descartes, and contain the famous anecdote of Newton and the
falling apple [p. 127].
Babson 242; Bengesco 1558; Evans 346; see Harcourt Brown, 'The composition of the Letters concerning
the English Nation', in The Age of the Enlightenment, Studies presented to Theodore Besterman, ed.
Barber and others (1967), pp.15-34 and Buruma, Voltaire's Coconuts or Anglomania in Europe, 1999.
78.
WICKSELL, Knut. Über Wert, Kapital und Rente nach den neueren
nationalökonomischen Theorien. Jena, Gustav Fischer, 1893. $2000
Tall 8vo, pp. xvi, 143, [1] imprint; stamp of a Swedish library to verso of title page and to inside
front-cover (with its de-accession stamp); contemporary half buckram over marbled boards, spine
decorated in gilt with gilt-lettered spine label; a good copy.
First edition of Wicksell's first book, not published in English until 1954. 'In Value,
Capital, and Rent [Wicksell] performed a remarkable labour of synthesis. He adopted the
marginal utility marginal productivity theory of value of Jevons, Menger and Marshall,
added it to the Böhm-Bawerk analysis of capital, and fused the result in a Walrasian
comparative static general equilibrium framework. In this process he became a founder
of the marginal productivity (product exhausting) theory of distribution shortly ahead of
Wicksteed' (The New Palgrave).
Knudtzon 1.
Rare Introduction to Double-Entry Book-Keeping
79.
WOHLGEMUHT, Johann Henrich. Wohlgegründete Buchhaltungs-Schul, worinn
gelehret wird, was Buchhalten sey, und wie die Bücher nach der sogenandten
Italiänischen Manier gehalten werden: In Ein und Ausländischer Proper-Commission-

und Compagnia-Handlung, gewiesen im richtigen Memorial, Journal, Haupt-buch und
andern Neben-büchern. In zwey halfe Jahr-Gänge nach itzigem Handels-Styl dergestalt
eingerichtet, dass diejenigen, die da gedencken dermahleinst auff vornehmn Handlungs-
Contoiren nützliche Dienste zu leisten drinnen sehr diensamen Unterricht finden.
Hamburg, in Verlegung des Autoris and Michael Ludolff Völckers, 1710. $13000
4to, engraved frontispiece pp. [xix] title printed in red in black, 48, [ii] engraved title Memorial, [iv],
24, 42, 40, 62, 4, ll. [2], 23, [2], 30, [2], 12, [1] blank, [ii], pp. 10, ll. 13; with one engraved plate and
two full-page engravings; very lightly browned; contemporary full vellum, binding a little dustsoiled;
from Macclesfield library with bookplate to front paste-down and blindstamp to title page;
an attractive copy.
First edition, very rare, of this comprehensive German introduction to double-entry
book-keeping with extensive examples.
Wohlgemuht presents the principles of double-entry book-keeping in the form of
questions and answers, introduces the necessary books and how to maintain them, and
finally gives a brief listing of the technical terms. A full index follows, where it is
indicated where individual problems are discussed. This is followed by an extensive
section giving comprehensive accounts, which exemplify practical book-keeping
problems.
Wohlgemuht was accountant at the church of St. Nicolai in Hamburg, and a member of
the Arithmetische Societät, the arithmetical society, whose fifty members are listed after
the preface. A brief listing of the publications issued by the society is also given.
Very rare indeed, not in the Institute of Chartered Accounts, not in Herwood, not in La Comptabilité à
travers les Ages; no copy in RLIN, KVK lists just one copy a the Austrian National Library.
80.
WOOLNOUGH, Charles W. The Whole Art of Marbling as applied to paper, bookedges
etc. containing a full description of the nature and properties of the materials used,
the method of preparing them, and of executing every kind of marbling in use at the
present time, with numerous illustrations and examples. London: George Bell, and sons
… 1881. $3700
8vo, pp. 82, with one inserted lithograph plate (facsimile letter from Michael Faraday), and 54
specimens of marbled paper, of which twenty mounted on five plates, the remainder full-page;
uncut in the original publisher's green cloth, gilt lettering to spine and to upper board; a fine copy.
Second, much enlarged edition of the most important English book on paper marbling.
First published in 1853, but with far fewer specimens of marbled paper, the work was
also reprinted in 1854. Woolnough gives a very detailed account of the methods and
materials of the craft of marbling and gives practical instructions on making thirty-two
traditional and 'modern' patterns. He also includes information on the stages involved in
producing different patterns, all illustrated on the specimen pages, which were produced
expressly for the book. Woolnough also gives instructions on the use of marbled papers
in bookbinding, how to marble on vellum or cloth, and how to marble book edges.

Until well into the nineteenth century the marbling process had remained a closely
guarded secret. Apprentices were taught only separate stages of the craft, not the entire
procedure. It was in 1853 that Charles Woolnough revealed the secret in his book 'The
Art of Marbling' the predecessor to the present work, and met with much criticism from
within the trade.
In the preface, he writes: 'The Art of Marbling is by no means a novel invention,
although it has been kept in the dark and involved in a kind of mystery by those who
practised it…[this] is the only practical work of the kind that has ever appeared (except
the smaller edition of twenty-seven years ago), calculated to impart correct instructions to
the minds of those who desire to become acquainted with its various details. There have
been many receipts given and articles written and printed in Cyclopaedias and works of
similar character, but he methods therein described are so utterly ridiculous that anyone
possessing the smallest amount of knowledge on the subject must treat them with
contempt' (introduction, p. 13).
Ph. J. Easton, Marbling: A History and Bibliography, p. 178.