Hebrew Printing in Sabbioneta 1 AFFO, Ireneo - Schulz-Falster Rare ...

Hebrew Printing in Sabbioneta
1 AFFO, Ireneo. Vita di Vespasiano Gonzaga Duca di
Sabbioneta ... con gli Annali Ebreo-tipograWci di Sabbioneta
del Signor Dottor Giambernardo De-Rossi. Parma, Filippo
Carmignani, 1780. £650
8vo, pp. engraved frontispiece, pp. viii, 168, (l7–8 cancelled, replaced
by bifolium); frontispiece portrait by Zamboni; uncut in the original
paste-paper wrappers; head and foot of spine chipped, lacking spine
covering to top 10 mm and bottom 20 mm of spine, but holding Wrm;
small circular stamp of the Fribourg library to title; a good copy.
First edition (issue B) of this comprehensive biography of Duke Vespasian
Gonzaga (1531–1591), best known for initiating the construction of the
ideal city of Sabbioneta, near Mantova. Sabbioneta was designed on Vitruvian
principles, the city plan typical of Renaissance town-planning, with
straight streets intersecting at right angles and two decentralised main
squares. It was known as ‘little Athens’ because of its perfect balance and
harmony.
The second half of the works contains Giambernardo De Rossi’s Annali
Ebreo-Tipografici di Sabbioneta, an account of Hebrew printing in Sabbioneta.
De Rossi gives a brief general introduction to Hebrew printing in the
town, before presenting a detailed and comprehensively annotated catalogue
of twenty-eight dated Hebrew works printed in Sabbioneta before
1590, with an additional three undated editions. Both Bigmore & Wyman
and Petzholdt comment favourably on the detailed annotations and bibliographical
information contained in the work. The Annales was later published
separately in 1783.
Bigmore & Wyman II, p. 274; Petzholdt pp. 432–3; issue (B) with the imprint leaf
replaced by a bifolium with added text.
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Coinage and Alchemy
2 [ALCHEMY.] Ueber die Frage: ist es möglich aus Metallen,
worinnen weder Gold noch Silber enthalten, ein ächtes in allen
Proben beständiges Gold und Silber hervorzubringen? In Erzählung
einer sonderbaren Geschichte. Prague, Johann Hertl, 1794. £480
8vo, pp. 47; a little dust-soiled; paper spine.
First and only edition of an uncommon alchemical tale on the transmutation
of common metals into silver or gold. The anonymous author describes
the story of an itinerant alchemist who manages to produce silver
and gold, which is then used in coinage. This was apparently sparked by
the debates in the early 1760s about the replacement of gold coins with
combined gold and silver coins, which led to a general fear of the devaluation
of coinage, and demands for the restoration of full weight coins. The
alchemist Stahl, who is the main protagonist, is presumably based on the
historical Wgure Stahl (1659–1734), the originator of the phlogiston theory
in the tradition of Becher, which dominated chemistry in the eighteenth
century. Throughout detailed chemical recipes are given, and much reference
is made to major chemical and alchemical writers, such as Becher,
Kunkel, Paracelsus, and Welling.
Uncommon, KVK lists just Humboldt University, Berlin; no copies found in
OCLC.
Natural History Specimen Book
3 ALLOM, Elizabeth Anne. The Seaweed Collector, an
introduction to the study of the marine algae, with directions from
practical observations of the best method of collecting and drying
the weed. Illustrated with natural specimens from the shores of
Margate and Ramsgate. Margate, T. H. Keble, 1841. £750
susanne schulz-falster rare books

Square 12mo, pp. 102, [2] errata, with 42 mounted specimens; some
oV-setting from the specimens, else clean; original green publisher’s
cloth, with title blocked in gilt on upper board, within blind-stamped
border, binding a little rubbed; with the book-plate and signature of
William Wallford, dated August 1855.
First edition, very uncommon, of this charming natural history specimen
book, with forty-two seaweed specimens included. All the varieties of seaweed
to be found on the Channel coast in Margate and Ramsgate are described
and accompanied by a specimen, with the exception of a few which
were deemed to be too common or too large for inclusion. The book was
compiled by Elizabeth Jane Allom, a life-long resident of Margate. She later
published a volume of verse (1844) and a juvenile handbook, entitled Seaside
pleasures (1845).
One copy at Oxford, no further copies found in KVK, OCLC, NSTC etc.; 1844
edition in the Natural History Museum.
4 [AMERICANA.] Die Constitution der Vereinigten Staaten
von America, mit ihren Verbesserungen, und die der Republik
von Pennsylvanien. Nebst die Erklärung der Unabhängigkeit der
Vereinigten Staaten und die Abschieds-Addresse von General
George Washington. Reading (Penn.), Carl A. Bruckman for Carl
McWilliams. [1823]. £950
8vo, pp. 156; some browning to second half; contemporary sheepbacked
marbled boards, corners a little bumped, but a nice copy.
First edition thus of the German translation of the American Constitution,
together with the Constitution of Pennsylvania, the Declaration of Independence
and the farewell address of George Washington. The last section
of the work is taken up by a guide to commercial and legal transactions entitled
Formen zu Handschriften, wie die Gesetze dieselben erfordern in deutscher
catalogue fourteen

und englischer Sprache for German speakers in America. This was apparently
inspired by an earlier publication published in Reading entitled Handbuch
für Deutsche, (1819), and was designed to help resident German speakers
and recent arrivals to compose business and legal letters. Sample letters are
given in German and English. A detailed contents list of the respective constitutions
concludes the work.
There were, of course, earlier German translations of the American Constitution,
but it is rather attractive to have it in this form of a ‘citizen’s
manual’ for recent immigrants.
Sabin 16126; Seidensticker, O., German Printing, p. 220; Shoemaker 12244.
Newspaper Reporting
5 [ANON.] Bombardamento d’Algeri del 1783. Con tre tavole
in rame relative al medesimo. Florence, Anton-Giuseppe Pagani,
1784. £480
8vo, pp. 31, [1] blank, two folding plates with three engravings;
contemporary wrappers.
First edition, rare of this detailed contemporary account of the 1783 bombardment
of Algiers by the Spanish Xeet under the commandment of Admiral
Don Angelo Barcelò. Interestingly the reports from both sides of the
battle are reprinted, the ‘Giornale Spagnolo’ and the ‘Giornale Algerino’. The
Wne engraved plates show a view of Algiers, with its main buildings, and the
location of the battle ships in the bay facing Algiers; and a detailed view of
the bombardment under Barcelò, again with a detailed legend.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

From the mid-sixteenth century the port of Algiers had been the main
base of the Barbary pirates. Repeated attempts were made over the centuries
by various European powers to take Algiers and subdue the pirates, of
which this 1783 raid was another – unsuccessful – Spanish attempt. It was
not until 1830, when the city was attacked by the French army, and eventually
had to surrender, that piracy was stopped.
OCLC lists one copy at New York Public Library.
Enlightened Leader
6 ARCO, Giovanni Battista Gherardo d’. Elogio di Carlo Conte
di Firmian. Mantova, Alberto Pazzoni, 1783. £550
Large paper copy (263 x 193 mm), 8vo, pp. 84, contemporary full
vellum; a Wne, exceptionally large copy; from the Sormani Andreani
Verri library, with armorial bookplate to front pastedown.
First edition, elegantly printed, of Arco’s elogio on his cousin Carlo count
Firmian (1718–1782), a writer, diplomat, councillor of Maria Theresia and
the minister plenipotentiary of Austrian Lombardy. Throughout his career
the economist Arco (1739–1791), who himself came from a noble family,
was particularly critical of the privileges of the nobility. However, here he
Wrst delineates the illustrious heritage of his cousin and gives details of his
political achievements, before underlining the responsibility of the nobility
to serve as an example of virtue and uprightness to the people. The
extensive library of count Firmian was dispersed to meet substantial debts,
and was partly acquired by the Milan library La Braidense. Count Firmian
had not only an important role to play as the representative of enlightened
Austrian government in Lombardy, but he was also closely involved in the
re-organisation of university education.
Not found in OCLC.
Beccaria Refuted
7 BANNIZA von BAZAN, Joseph Leonard. Disquisitio
de Tortura nec ex integro reprobate nec ex integro adprobata.
Oeniponti [Innsbruck], Johann Thomas Trattner, 1774. £680
8vo, [xvi], 94; foxing due to paper quality; contemporary illustrated
paper over thin boards, rebacked.
First edition of this detailed study of the function of torture in criminal law,
in the wake of the Constitutio Criminalis Theresiana, which had regulated
the use of torture, and had provided speciWc guide lines as to which kind of
torture could be used for which oVence, or in which investigation. Banniza
gives a detailed overview of the use and legality of torture, and in particular
takes issue with the more liberal opinions of Beccaria, who rejected torture
as a means of extracting confessions. Throughout Banniza cites repeatedly
from Beccaria’s Dei Delitti e delle Pene.
catalogue fourteen

After studying law at Würzburg and Vienna, Banniza (1733–1800) became
professor of law at the University of Innsbruck, and later rector of the
university. He published extensively on questions of civil and criminal law.
ADB II, p. 42; NDB I, p. 577; OCLC lists copies at Cornell, Harvard, Madison-
Wisconsin, and Yale.
Catalogue Raisonné
8 BARTSCH, Adam. Catalogue raisonné des Estampes gravées
a l’eau forte par Guido Reni et de celles de ses disciples Simon
Cantarini, dit le Pesarese, Jean-André et Elisabeth Sirani, et Laurent
Loli. Vienna, Blumauer, 1795. £480
8vo, pp. 105, [1] blank, [6] contents, 1 folding engraved plate; some
light spotting; uncut in contemporary pink pattern paper wrappers,
spine a little discoloured, and head of spine chipped, ink number to
upper wrappers, contemporary ownership inscription by Marino Pagani
to title page, together with his cipher stamp; an attractive copy.
First edition of Bartsch’s catalogue raisonné of the engraved work of the
Baroque painter Guido Reni, together with that of his disciples Simon Cantarini,
Jean-André and Elisabeth Strani and Laurent Loli. Bartsch warns
that there are striking similarities between the works of the master and his
disciples and therefore close scrutiny is important. He describes individual
works in great detail, giving measurements and signatures where applicable.
He gives detailed information on how to distinguish diVerent stages,
proofs and counterproofs, and also copies. Some distinguishing marks are
found on the engraved plate.
The Austrian engraver, etcher and writer Johann Adam Bernhard von
Bartsch (1757–1821) is best known for his pioneering catalogue of old
master prints by Dutch, Flemish, German, and Italian painter-engravers
from the 15th to the 17th century, published in twenty-one volumes under
the title Le Peintre Graveur (21 vol., 1803–21), the foundation work of the
Art History of printmaking and still cited today.
Cicognara 4551.
A Guided Tour to German Literature – for Italians
9 BASTIA, Giovanni Luigi. Saggio sulla classica Letteratura
Alemanna dalla sua origine sino à nostri giorni, corredato da XXXIII
Tavole Sinottiche che si oVrono a modello del Catalogo ScientiWco-
Letterario occorrente alla esecuzione del Progetto proposto dal
celebre Bacone di Verulamio, per il vero ingrandimento della
Letteratura Universale. Venice, Giuseppe Molinari, 1826. £550
8vo, pp. 182, [2] errata and contents, [1] blank, tables printed within
decorative typographic border, with decorative vignette to verso; Wnal
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signature with very light dampstaining; uncut in the original yellow
printed wrappers, spine faded, else Wne.
First and only edition of an innovative attempt at presenting the history and
progress of German literature – in the form of synoptic tables, inXuenced by
Bacon’s classiWcation of knowledge. Bastia begins with a brief overview of
German literature with its antecedents in classical writing, and inXuenced
by other European literature, before condensing it all into thirty-two tables.
In these tables he lists important works under the headings German language,
grammar, dictionaries, moral philosophy, economics, law, education,
Wne art, aesthetics, poetry, Wction, drama, periodicals etc. Each of the
individual tables lists up to 20 authors and their works. A Wnal index gives
the names of authors, with reference to the categories they are mentioned
in. Bastia is not overly strict in what he deWnes as German literature and
includes classics as well, but it is an interesting insight into the perception
of German literature from abroad.
Uncommon, OCLC lists just one copy at Duke.
Translated by Morellet
10 BECCARIA, Cesare Bonesana. Recherches sur le Style...
Traduction de l’Italien. Paris, Molini, 1771. £650
8vo, pp. [ii] engraved title, xl, 238, [2]; engraved head and tail pieces;
paper lightly but evenly browned; contemporary full mottled sheep,
catalogue fourteen

spine gilt in compartments, gilt-lettered spine label, some surface
abrasions to boards, bottom of upper joint tender; an attractive copy,
with a few pencil markings; manuscript note to front pastedown
identifying Morellet as the translator.
First edition in French, rare, of Beccaria’s Ricerche intorno alla Natura dello
Stile, his main contribution to philosophy and aesthetics. The translation
was prepared by Morellet, who also translated his Dei Delitti e delle Pene,
Beccaria’s inXuential work on criminology which revolutionized the modern
penal system.
Beccaria discusses in detail the relationship between form and content.
He had included a preliminary article on the subject in the periodical Il
Caffè. His concept of ideas or sentiments is clearly based on seventeenthcentury
sensationalist philosophy. In the tradition of Vico, he identiWes
‘primitive’ style, as the most forceful and immediate. Beccaria rejected the
archaisms and rhetoric of the Vocabolario della Crusca in favour of a language
closer to common usage.
Manuppella 292; uncommon, OCLC lists copies at New York Public Library, Chicago,
Princeton and the University of British Columbia.
Physical Anthropology – Physiology and Human Development
11 BERNOULLI, Christoph. Versuch einer physischen
Anthropologie oder Darstellung des physischen Menschen nach den
neuern Ansichten. Erster Theil. Physiologie oder Naturlehre des
erwachsenen Menschen. [– Zweyter Theil. Entwickelungsgeschichte
und Naturgeschichte des Menschen]. Halle, Hemmerde &
Schwetschke, 1804. £550
Two volumes bound in one, 8vo, pp. [xiv], 285, [1]; [vi], 248;
contemporary marbled boards, spine ruled in gilt, gilt-lettered spine
label; extremities a little rubbed and corners bumped, still an attractive
copy.
First edition of Bernoulli’s introduction to physical anthropology, with the
Wrst volume dealing with human physiology, the second with the development
of the physical person with reference to stages in human development.
The Wnal part contains the natural history of man, with a curious
chapter analysing the adaptability of man by comparing the physiology of
an equatorial African with that of an inhabitant of the polar regions.
The Swiss natural scientist Christoph Bernoulli (1782–1862), descended
from the famous Basel Bernoulli family, studied at Göttingen and taught
school at Halle, before returning to Basel, where he founded a technical
institute. By 1818 he became professor at the university of Basel, Wrst of
natural history, later of industrial sciences, and published extensively on
natural science and social statistics.
NDB II, p. 129; ADB II, p. 483; OCLC lists copies at Berkeley, Chicago, Countway
Library, and New York.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

Fifty Remarkable Women
– A Discussion between ‘Truth’ and ‘Fame’
12 BETUSSI, Giuseppe. Le Imagini del Tempio della Signora
Donna Giovanna Aragona. Dialogo di M. Giuseppe Betussi. Venice,
Giovanni de Rossi, 1557. £2250
8vo, ll. 52; contemporary limp vellum, spine faintly lettered in ink, early
circular private heraldic stamp to title, shelf mark in ink to verso of front
free endpaper.
Second edition (Wrst published in Florence the previous year) of these dialogues
between ‘Truth’ and ‘Fame’ on contemporary womanhood. In the
temple erected to the glory of Joan of Aragon, a noblewoman of famed
charm and courage, whose beauty was celebrated in the famous portrait by
Raphael, Wfty contemporary women remarkable for their poetic achievements
and their virtue are praised. Amongst those praised for their literary
achievements are Lucia Bertani, Laodemia Forteguerri, Virginia Salvi,
Alda Lunati, Francesca Baldi, Ippolita Gonzaga, Livia Borromeo Tornieli
and Leonora Falletti Ravoira among others. The women’s achievements
are outlined in the dialogue. Betussi concludes with a listing of the women
whose portraits are included, of the women celebrated in the dialogue, a
table of those who preserved the portraits, a table of contents, and Wnally a
letter from Betussi to the ‘virtuous’ ladies.
catalogue fourteen

Giusppe Betussi (ca 1512–1573) from Bassano made his literary career in
Venice, where he befriended many of the literati of the time, such as Lodovico
Domenichi, Pietro Aretino, Francesco Sansovino, Domenico Veniero and
Francesco Doni. He became well-known with the publication of his dialogues
on the nature of love Dialogo amoroso (1543), which he later rewrote
as Il Raverta. He worked for the printer Giolito and then became secretary to
count Collaltino di Collato, with whom he travelled to England.
Adams B850; Index Aureliensis 118.268 ; Schlosser, (1935), p. 330; uncommon,
OCLC records copies at Yale and Chicago for 1556 edition, and Cambridge, Newberry,
Chicago and Kansas for 1557; see Erdmann, My Gracious Silence 6 for Wrst
edition.
The Founder of ScientiWc Anthropology
13 BLUMENBACH, Johann Friedrich. De Generis Humani
Varietate Nativa Liber. Cum Wguris aeri incisis. Naturae Species
Ratioque. Göttingen, Vandenhoeck, 1776. £2750
8vo, pp. [ii], 100, [1] errata, two engraved plates bound at the end;
old paper repair to verso of title; contemporary pastepaper boards,
some surface abrasions to spine, worm trace to inner hinge; from the
Breitenbauch library with engraved book plate to front pastedown; a
good copy.
First edition (second issue, with a cancel title page), uncommon, of Blumenbach’s
doctoral dissertation and best known work, his On the native
Varieties of the Human Race, now considered as the foundation of the science
of physical anthropology – the study of the origin and evolution of
the races of men.
He was preceded by Tyson and Linné who had prepared the ground for
his studies by relating man to the order of the primates. Linné had distinguished
four races of man chieXy by the colour of their skin. From these
premises Blumenbach was able to develop the thesis that all living races are
varieties of a single species, homo sapiens, and that their diVerences were
small compared with those between man and the nearest animal; ‘innumerable
varieties of mankind run into each other by insensible degrees’. It is not
surprising therefore that Blumenbach was opposed to the practice of slavery
and the then current belief in the inherent savagery of the coloured races.’
(PMM 219). ‘In his dissertation one can Wnd the Wrst reliable survey of
the characteristics and distribution of the human races; its most signiWcant
points were included in almost all later anthropological classiWcations’.
The Wrst issue was published without a date (1775) with the imprint F.
A. Rosenbusch, this is the second issue with a cancel title page.
[Provenance:] From the library of the writer, scientist, and government
oYcial Georg August von Breitenbauch (1731–1817), friend of Goethe,
Herder, and Lessing.
Blake p. 51; Garrison-Morton 156 (Wrst issue 1775), Norman 250; Printing and
the Mind of Man 219 (Wrst issue).
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On Generation
14 BLUMENBACH, Johann Friedrich. Über den Bildungstrieb
und das Zeugungsgeschäfte. Göttingen, Johann Christian Dieterich,
1781. £1250
Small 8vo, pp. 87, [1] blank, large engraved title vignette by J. W. Meil,
one engraved plate; contemporary half tan calf over sprinkled boards,
spine in compartments, spine label; an attractive copy.
First edition, rare, of Blumenbach’s work on the Bildungstrieb (nisus formativus),
which made a great impression on his contemporaries – as well
as later scientists. InXuenced by Haller and the eighteenth-century school
of vitalism, Blumenbach conceived of the Bildungstrieb, i.e. the ‘innate tendency
in living creatures toward self-development. This impulse was to
be added to irritability, sensibility and contractility as essential feature of
vitalism’ (PMM 219). In this theory of reproduction and embryonic development,
he rejected the ‘preformation theory and advanced the theory of
epigenesis as the true explanation of the phenomenon of evolution. They
are of historical signiWcance because they oVered some new arguments in
favour of epigenesis to the conXict between it and preformation’.
‘Blumenbach had a great inXuence on the scientiWc explorers and travellers
of the time; among his pupils were Alexander von Humboldt, Georg
Heinrich von LangsdorV, Prince Maximilian zu Wied and others’ (PMM
219).
[Bound with:] Kurtzer Unterricht für den Landmann von den bewährtesten
Preservations-mitteln wider die Rindviehseuche. Wesel, F. J. Röder,
1780. pp. 31.
Blake p. 51; Garrison-Morton 104; NDB II, p. 329.
catalogue fourteen

InXuential German Merchants’ Handbook
with a Section on Double-Entry Book-Keeping
15 BOHN, Gottfried Christian. Wohlerfahrener Kaufmann,
oder umständliche Nachricht mit was für Waaren, Münze,
Maaße und Gewichte die vornehmsten Städte in Deutschland,
Spanien, Portugall, Frankreich, England ... verkehren ... nebst
einer ausführlichen Anweisung zum italienischen Buchhalten
dem kaufmännischen Briefwechsel, und mehrern nöthigen
Handelssachen beygefüget werden. Hamburg, Johann Carl Bohn,
1762. £1400
8vo, double-page engraved frontispiece, pp. [ii], [vi], 884, [8] contents,
errata; title printed in red and black, numerous tables in the text,
frontispiece engraved by J. C. G. Fritzsch; contemporary full calf, gilt
double Wllets to sides, spine ruled in gilt with central gilt decoration;
extremities a little rubbed, a Wne copy.
Fourth edition (Wrst 1719) of Bohn’s inXuential merchants’ handbook,
much praised for its comprehensiveness and detail. Beginning with Hamburg,
information is given on German and other European trading places,
covering exchange rates, weights and measures, products both for import
and export, trading practices etc.
In addition to this basic information for merchant and trader, a substantial
section, extending to 150 pages, contains an introduction to double-entry
or Italian book-keeping for merchants based on Rademann. In a conversational
style the principles of accounting are given. Practical examples are given,
with an explanation as to which account book the transaction needs to
be recorded in. In addition to basic accounts, complicated transactions are
included too, such as accounting for loans, lotteries, maritime investments.
DiVerent account books are introduced and the basic procedures explained.
Particularly attractive is the Wne, engraved frontispiece by J. C. G. Fritzsch,
showing part of Hamburg’s town hall, the bourse, and the ‘Kommerzbibliothek’
(business library). Bohn’s handbook was the most popular German
commercial handbook of the eighteenth century.
Goldsmiths’–Kress 9762; Higgs 2782; Humpert 6356; see Herwood Library 460
for 1727 edition, see Historical Accounting Literature p. 28 for 1750 edition; all
early editions are uncommon.
Bad Debts and Bankruptcy Law
16 BOLTZ, Johann Lorentz. Der in Schuld-Austheilungen und
Concurs-Sachen Accurate Beamte oder gründlich- und zuverlässige
Anweisung, wie man die Schuld-Austheilungen zu begreiVen
und einzurichten, und was fürnemlich dabey zu observieren ist;
ingleichen, wie jeder Glaubiger in die behörige Classe lociret, und
susanne schulz-falster rare books

jedem das ihm zukommende Quantum nach denen annectirten
zuverläss igen Resolvirungen von der zu vertheilen seyenden Massa...
Franckfurt am Mayn, Johann Leonhard Buchner, 1730. £750
4to, pp. [xii], 216; woodcut initials and head- and tail-pieces; paper
very lightly browned, else clean; full contemporary sprinkled calf, sides
ruled in blind; spine in compartments; some superWcial worm traces to
upper board; a good copy.
First edition of this comprehensive practical treatise on bankruptcy law,
designed to collect the assets of the debtor with the intention of selling
them and distributing the proceeds equitably amongst the creditors. It was
only at the beginning of the eighteenth century that this view of bankruptcy
resolution came into being, and was transformed from the earlier quasi
criminal proceeding to a liquidating device.
The present treatise gives a brief general introduction into the question,
reprints a couple of earlier bankruptcy regulations, and then concentrates
on practical resolution of the liquidation. The main principle is the equitable
treatment of the creditors, but with a distinction between oYcial and
private creditors. The treatise is clearly designed for oYcials who have to
administer debt resolution and bankruptcy proceedings. Numerous individual
cases are discussed, and model resolutions are provided. There
are provisions for widows and children, who inadvertently got involved
in bankruptcy proceedings. The latter part of the work consists of tables,
where payments depending on an agreed percentage of the original debt
can be checked.
The treatise was clearly of use, as it was reprinted in 1757.
Not in Kress, Goldsmiths’ or Humpert; a number of copies listed in German libraries,
no copies found in the US.
Climate and Human Development
17 BONSTETTEN, Charles-Victor de. L’Homme du Midi et
L’Homme du Nord, ou L’inXuence du Climat. Geneva, Paschoud,
Paris, 1824. £400
8vo, pp. [iv], xiii, [14]–234; contemporary roan-backed boards, spine
decorated in gilt, gilt-lettered spine label; joints worn and head of spine
chipped.
First edition of Bonstetten’s best-known work, his much discussed anthropological
study of the inXuence of climate on human development. He
assesses the impact of variations in climate on agriculture, political structure,
religion, national character, education, and the economy. Despite his
broad-brush assessments of the more rational northerners and impulsive
southerners, his typology of national characters and psychology of the
people remains of interest.
Bonstetten (1745–1832), a Swiss writer and government oYcial, was
strongly inXuenced by Rousseau and Bonnet. Due to his liberal ideas he
catalogue fourteen

had to leave Switzerland during the French Revolution, but later settled
in Geneva where he enjoyed the company of many distinguished Wgures,
including Simonde de Sismondi and Madame de Staël.
Cioranescu 12825.
Early Booksellers’ Catalogues
18 [BOOKSELLER CATALOGUES.] Catalogus Librorum
omnium qui reperiuntur. Paris, Bibliopolio, Viduae Edmundi
Martini & Joannis Boudot, 1685. [Bound with:] Supplementum
Catalogi Librorum omnium qui reperiuntur apud Viduam Edmundi
Martin, Joannem Boudot, & Stephanum Martin. Paris, 1687.
[Bound with:] Catalogus Librorum omnium qui reperiuntur. Paris,
Daniel Horthemels. £3500
Three works bound in one volume, 8vo, pp. 256, printer’s mark
to title; 144 (with manuscript notes on the Wnal leaf, fold-down at
end), printer’s mark to title; [ii], 226, engraved title vignette, paper
fault to fore-margin of Ee3 and 4, no loss; bound without the front
free endpaper; title page a little dust-soiled, and a few signatures
lightly browned throughout, else clean; contemporary full vellum, a
little discoloured, lettering directly to spine; occasional manuscript
annotations adding individual titles.
A collection of three rare seventeenth century bookseller catalogues, which,
like the bulk of Paris bookseller catalogues of the time, were made up of
second-hand books, and clearly meant for the retail. They give a fascinating
insight into European book distribution.
I. The catalogue was prepared by the widow of Edmond II Martin
(162?–171?), who was working together with her son-in-law Jean I Boudot
(1651–1706) since 1682. It is a comprehensive stock catalogue of approximately
seven thousand titles, with selected imports from diVerent cities in
Europe. Included are Latin texts, books on theology, law, medicine, literature,
history of science, with books in French, Spanish, Italian and English
within the diVerent categories. Within the science and medicine section
numerous works by Aldrovandi are oVered, together with new publications
by Boyle (Historiam naturalem sanguinis, 1684), Hilden, Hippocratis, Harvey,
Kircher etc. There was clearly a good connection with Spanish dealers
or publishers, as the Spanish section is particularly substantial and well
organised. Within the diVerent categories, the books are listed more or less
in alphabetical order by author, giving title, size, number of volumes and
year, but no price – a system, which applies to the other catalogues as well.
Predominantly seventeenth century books are being oVered.
II. The supplement is prepared by the same Wrm as above, now working
together with Edmond Martin’s son Etienne Martin (16??–1706). A
further two thousand eight hundred titles are oVered, arranged in similar
categories as before. Amongst the Latin and French books, there is a mix
susanne schulz-falster rare books

of older books and recent publications, amongst the books from England,
Holland and Germany they are almost exclusively recent publications. This
volume has more extensive manuscript annotations at the end, commenting
on Spinoza’s Clef de Sanctuaire, the bogus French title under which his Tractatus
theologico-politicus circulated in France since 1678 (see Israel, Radical
Enlightenment, pp. 302–304).
III. This catalogue was prepared by the Wrm of Daniel Horthemels
(16??–1691), and oVers some four thousand Wve hundred titles, published
in diVerent cities of Europe between 1529 and 1688. Individual sections are
entitled theology, miscellaneous, medicine and law, followed by French,
Spanish and Italian books. Newton’s Principia is included, as are other important
texts. The French books are predominantly published in Paris, but
also some from Lyon and the Netherlands, and are mostly recent publications
in the Weld, especially in the theology section (mostly of Jansenist tendency).
The catalogue concludes with a section of editions of the classics.
Throughout books are marked in a contemporary hand, and a few extra
titles are entered.
Catalogues de libraries 1473–1810, no 2081, 2082, 1523; Pollard p. 116 (same
combination); no copy found in OCLC.
Management of the Tongue
19 BORDELON, Laurent. La Langue. On Connoistra en quoy
consiste l’utilité de cet Ouvrage, par la lecture des Avertissemens qui
le precedent. Suivant la copie de Paris. Rotterdam, Elie Yvans,
1705. £450
8vo, pp. [xxii], 302 [vere 402]; title vignette and engraved tail pieces;
some light even browning, due to paper quality, paper fault to title,
resulting in three small holes; contemporary half sheep over sprinkled
catalogue fourteen

oards, spine gilt in compartments, gilt-lettered spine label, extremities
a little rubbed; duplicate from the Uppsala university library, with small
stamp to front free endpaper and last leaf, and printed book label to
front pastedown.
First Rotterdam edition of this amusing advice on the use of language,
Wrst published the same year in Paris. Bordelon identiWes the importance
of language for our social standing and position in the world. ‘The tongue
is, as it were, the helm of our conduct... If we consider it well, we shall Wnd
that speaking is partly the cause of the good and evil that happens to us:
we are very often loved or hated, esteem’d or despised, and neglected or
feared, upon account of our words’ (p. [iii] of the English edition). Under
twenty-seven separate headings such as the babbler, the swearer, the
complimenter, the man who praises others, the Xatterer, the promiser, the
complainer etc., maxims and advice on modes of speaking are given, ranging
from ‘Never ask any man a question, unless you think he can answer
it’, ‘Great talkers spoil their best actions, by speaking too much of ‘em’, to
platitudes on women: ‘There is no secret, which a woman will keep better,
than that of her age’.
The book proved popular: an English edition was published the following
year under the title Management of the Tongue. Bordelon (1663–1730)
was a theologian and proliWc writer, and published on a wide range of subjects.
Cioranescu 12888 (Paris edition).
Etching, Engraving and Print-Making
20 BOSSE, Abraham. De la Maniere de Graver a l’Eau forte
et au Burin. Et de la Gravûre en Maniere noire. Avec la façon de
construire les Presses modernes, & d’imprimer en Taille-douce.
Nouvelle Édition, revue, corrigée & augmentée du double; et
enrichie de dix-neuf Planches en Taille-douce. Paris, Charles-Antoine
Jombert, 1745. £1600
8vo, engraved frontispiece, pp. xxxii, 186, [6], with 19 numbered
engraved throw-out plates; some light browning and spotting,
especially in foremargin; small tear to last leaf; contemporary full
mottled calf, spine gilt in compartments, gilt-lettered spine label; head
of spine chipped and corners a little bumped; a good copy.
First Cochin edition (and third edition in all) of Bosse’s Traité des manières
de graver en taille douce, with extensive additions. Bosse’s treatise, the Wrst
manual of copperplate etching and engraving and the printing of intaglio
plates, was Wrst published in French in 1645. It was aimed both at the professional
engraver and at the amateur and is extensively illustrated, with detailed
engravings based on Bosse’s own designs. A second edition of 1701
had contained revisions by LeClerc.
In addition to a wealth of technical information, the work includes scenes
susanne schulz-falster rare books

of the engraving studio and the copperplate press, and several wonderfully
informative step-by-step scenes of printmakers at work appear as engraved
headpieces at the start of each new chapter. As adaptations were made to all
subsequent editions, the work has remained an important introduction to
print-making which is of practical use to the printmaker even today.
Cochin added several pertinent details on the construction of state-of-the
art presses, and re-engraved the corresponding plates. He also included an
extensive section on the process involved in colour printing, called by him ‘à
la manière noire’, which was based on the three colour technique developed
by Le Blon a few years earlier. As Le Blon’s work appeared in print only in
1756 this may in fact be the earliest manual on colour printing to appear
in France.
Bigmore-Wyman, I, 72; Cicognara 254; see En Français dans le Texte, 92.
Map of a Utopian Journey
21 [BRUN-LAVAINNE, Élie-Benjamin-Joseph.] Voyage sur la
Mer du Monde. Lille. L. Lefort, 1834. £550
Two parts in one volume, 12mo, pp. [iii]–viii, [9]–108; [ii],
[109]–226, with one fold-out map bound at the end; contemporary
boards, printed spine label; extremities a little rubbed, and corners
bumped.
catalogue fourteen

First edition, uncommon, of a charming children’s guide to good Christian
behaviour in the form of a series of letters describing a Wctitious journey.
Both destination and potential pitfalls are outlined in the map. Setting out
from the terra Wrma of childhood, a course has to be charted covering studies,
avoiding the pitfall of the ‘Pointe de Frivolité’, passing the island of
desires, to navigate injustice, avarice, careless enterprise, but through perseverance,
repentance and work, Wnally the islands of moderation, moral
rectitude and Wnal happiness are reached. For some reason our travellers
never even get near the river of Corruption or the Land of Atheism.
The book became very popular and was frequently reprinted, reaching a
seventh edition in1861. Brun-Lavainne (1791–1875) was a proliWc author
and published on a variety of subjects.
OCLC lists one copy at Princeton.
Carnival Costumes – Illustrated on 24 Colour Plates
22 [CARNIVAL.] Die Carnevals-Freuden oder kleines
Ideenmagazin zu geistreichen und leicht ausführbaren Masken. Mit
24 fein coloriten Kupfertafeln. [cover title: Masken-Taschenbuch für
Carnevals-Freunde]. Nürnberg, Friedrich Campe, 1839. £3800
Oblong 8vo, pp. 72, with 24 engraved coloured plates, one of them
bound as frontispiece; text with occasional light spotting, due to paper
quality; plates very clean with Wne contemporary hand-colouring; original
pale-green printed boards, title on upper board within border, extrem
ities a little rubbed, faint dampstain to boards, but a very good copy.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

First and apparently only edition of a fascinating introduction and illustration
of masks and costumes for carnival. The anonymous author begins
with a brief history of the festivities related to carnival, with its roots in the
Roman Saturnalia, and the theatrical costumes, disguises and masks worn
for the event. Then twenty-four elaborate costumes are described in the text
and illustrated on the Wnely engraved and coloured plates. Some of them
resemble charades or poses more than modern costumes. The Wrst costumes
are static ones, ie elaborate disguises which do not allow too much movement
for the protagonist, such as the ‘living dressing table’, a sign-post, or
Xower pot. Further sections show symbolic juxtapositions, or group disguises,
such as a couple of slaves with their gang-master, or bear-dancing.
Then follow those disguises still popular today, adults in children’s clothes,
magicians, gypsies etc.
Some of the masks involve extensive props, such as a giant head, with an
elaborate face mask, or the equilibrist, where the protagonist appears to be
walking on his hands. Children’s masks, which conclude the volume, tend
to be of the more traditional variety, just based on costume, make-up and
head-dress. The adults however certainly need some theatrical talent to pull
oV the complicated disguises. Throughout historical background information
is given.
KVK and OCLC lists just two copies, Staatsbibliothek Berlin and Munich; no
copies recorded elsewhere.
Perpetual Peace
23 CASTEL de SAINT-PIERRE, Charles-Iréné abbé de. Abrégé
du Projet de Paix Perpetuelle, Inventé par le Roi Henri le Grand,
Aprouvé par la Reine Elisabeth, par le Roi Jaques son successeur,
par les Republiques & par divers autres Potentats. Rotterdam, Jean
Daniel Beman, 1729. £850
8vo, pp. [viii], 227, [3]; title printed in red and black; occasional light
browning; contemporary half calf, spine gilt, spine label with gilt mostly
removed; extremities a little rubbed, still a good copy.
First edition (Wrst issue) of the abridgement of Castel de Saint-Pierre’s famous
peace proposal, Wrst circulated in manuscript and published between
1713 and 1717. In fact this is not just a condensed version of the original
work, but includes Castel de Saint-Pierre’s further considerations and his
response to contemporary criticism.
Saint-Pierre had joined Polignac, the French ambassador, as secretary
in the diYcult peace negotiations of Utrecht which concluded the great
European war of the Spanish succession, and this proposal for ‘eternal
peace’ between political powers was the direct outcome of this experience,
even though he had started working on this text as early as 1708. Saint-
Pierre proposed the establishment of a ‘European parliament’, with its seat
at Utrecht, which would peacefully settle conXicts between states. It would
catalogue fourteen

e a parliament composed of representatives of all European states; European
borders would be guaranteed, and any diVerences arising between
states would be solved in negotiations.
His proposal marked the beginning of the growing emphasis and reliance
on international relations and organisations in modern politics. Even
though he was mainly admired as a visionary in his time, his ideas can be
traced in the charters of the League of Nations and the United Nations. His
paciWst plan was highly inXuential amongst the intellectuals of his and later
times. ‘Rousseau published in 1761 Extrait du projet de paix perpétuelle which
assured Saint-Pierre European recognition. In addition to Rousseau, of the
truly famous French writers of the century, Montesquieu and Voltaire also
voiced opinions about the Abbé’s projects... Kant knew Rousseau’s version
of the Paix perpetuelle, and in his Zum ewigen Frieden expresses similar ideas
(M. L. Perkins, The Moral and Political Philosophy of the Abbé de Saint-Pierre,
Geneva, 1959).
A second issue of this edition was issued with Briasson added to the imprint; Goldsmiths’–Kress
6721; see En Français dans le Texte, no. 137; van den Dungen, From
Erasmus to Tolstoy, p. 67.
The Science of Man and Cultural Identity
24 CHAVANNES, Alexandre César. Anthropologie ou Science
générale de l’Homme, pour server d’introduction à l’étude de la
Philosophie & des Langues, & de guide dans le plan d’Éducation
Intellectuelle ci-devant proposé. Lausanne, [Isaac Hignou],
1788. £550
8vo, pp. xxviii, 416, title vignette; some light browning and foxing due
to paper quality; contemporary pale blue boards, head and tail of spine
chipped.
First edition of this rare contribution to the study of anthropology, the true
science of man. Chavannes was interested in the history of civilisations,
sketching the progress of the human mind from ‘darkness to light’, and
maintained that the development of the individual mirrored the development
of civilisation in general. He includes both ‘anatomical’ and ‘physical’
studies, and gives a comprehensive assessment subdivided into nine
chapters, covering anthropology, ethnology, but also extensive chapters on
human speech, including lexicology and grammar, and human psychology
and mythology. Chavannes was interested in understanding the laws of the
general development of humankind, of identifying the cultural identity of
man. Chavannes is regarded as one the Wrst to use the term ethnology.
After studying philosophy and theology Chavannes (1731–1800) became
professor at Lausanne Academy. He is regarded as one of the main
representatives of the early development of anthropology and ethnology.
Uncommon, OCLC lists just Madison, Wisconsin, Swiss National Library and
Gö0ttingen; see Petermann, Geschichte der Ethnologie, p. 282.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

25 COLPANI, Giuseppe. I Sensi. Sciolti di Giuseppe Colpani.
[n.p., n.d., ca. 1780]. £500
8vo, pp. engraved title, xvi; engraved title with vignette of a musician
playing a piano with a man and a woman sitting opposite, within a
classical border; later marbled wrappers.
First edition of a charming poem on the senses, an appealing representation
of enlightenment ideas in didactic verse, illustrated with a Wne engraving
showing a couple listening to music. Colpani mentions Descartes, Leibniz,
Berkeley and Malebranche. The poem is dedicated to the Cammilla
Comtesse Marulli. Colpani pubished a number of similar poems entitled
La Danza, La Filosofia, La Toletta, etc., some of which were later published
together in a collection entitled Poemetti e Lettere in versi sciolte.
Colpani (1738–1822) was a friend of Beccaria and Verri and contributed
to the enlightenment journal Il Caffe.
Laterza II, p. 90; not in Lapiccirella, where another one of his works is listed (150);
not found in OCLC or ICCU.
The First Western Languages Edition
of Comenius’ Janua Linguarum Reserata
26 [COMENIUS, Johann Amos.] Porta Linguarum Trilinguis
reserata et aperta. Sive Seminarium Linguarum & Scientiarum
omnium, Hoc est, Compendiaria Latinam, Anglicam, Gallicam
& quamvis aliam... [The Gate of Tongues Unlocked and Opened,
or else a Seminarie or seed-plot of all Tongues and Sciences. That
is a short way of teaching and thorowly learning within a yeare
and a half at the farthest, The Latin, English, French, (and any
catalogue fourteen

other) tongue, together with the ground and foundation of Arts
and Sciences, comprised under an hundred Titles, and a thousand
periods... Johan Anchoran. London, George Miller, for Michael
Sparkes and Thomas Slater, 1631. £7000
8vo, pp. [xxiv], 226, [4], pages 66, 93, and 117 misnumbered 96, 63
and 107; decorated initials and head-and tail-pieces; lightly browned
throughout, title dust-soiled, small hole to gutter margin, oVsetting
and slight discolouring to gutter margin of Wrst title; contemporary full
sheep, rebacked and recornered; with small oval circular stamp of the
private library of Marcel Bekus (- 1938) to front paste-down and verso
of second title page.
First Western languages edition, very rare, of Comenius’ innovative and
revolutionary Janua Linguarum Reserata, his Wrst school book, a guide to
learning languages as well as teaching the basics of all arts and sciences.
It had Wrst been published in Latin and Czech in the same year. This Wrst
Western languages edition teaches Latin, French and English, attractively
printed in three columns in Roman, Gothic and Italic type respectively.
Arranged in one hundred lessons, covering a thousand subjects, his Latin
primer revolutionized seventeenth century education. ‘His ‘Open Door to
Languages’, Janua Linguarum Reserata secured the fairly uniform teaching
of Latin throughout the continent’ (PMM 139). It is not to be confused
with the earlier ‘Janua linguarum reserata’ of William Bathe and others,
which it is an entirely diVerent work.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

Comenius (1592–1670) was the pioneer of contemporary developments
in education, his proposals and maxims have shaped educational thinking
ever since, and, even though some of his suggested methods are outdated,
his Wnal goals are still valid today and some have still not been completely
attained. To mention just some of his pronouncements regarding education:
he stressed the importance of pre-school education within the family,
maintained that education had to be pleasurable to be eVective, proclaimed
life-long education, and demanded international education for the international
community of nations. Everybody should learn two languages, his
own vernacular language and a ‘lingua franca’, which at the time was clearly
Latin. All these demands have a surprisingly modern ring to them and are
all contained in modern textbooks of education.
This is one of three states printed the same year with diVerent combinations
of names in the imprint and diVerent signatories in the dedication.
Here the dedication is signed by Anchor and Comenius, but not Sam.
Hartlieb. No priority has been assigned. Young identiWes the version also
signed by Hartlieb as a pirated edition. Marcel Bekus’ library was sold at
auction in Nantes in 1985 by his grandson.
STC (2nd edn) 15078.5 (Cambridge), of the other states there are copies at the
British Library, Cambridge (St. John’s), and Dulwich College only; not in Naarden,
Comenius Museum; see Robert Fitzgerald Young, Comenius in England, p. 61.
27 COMENIUS, Johann Amos. Ianua aurea reserata quatuor
linguarum, sive Latinam, Germanicam, Gallicam & Italicam
Linguam perdiscendi, sub Titulis centum, Periodis mille
comprehensi, & Vocabulis bis mille ad minimum aucta; cum
quadruplici Indice, a Nathanaele Dhuez in Idioma Gallicum &
Italicum traducta. Leyden, Elzevier, 1640. £680
8vo, pp. [xxiv], 321, [1] blank, 278 index including errata and Wnal
blank; printer’s mark to title, decorative initials and engraved head- and
tail-pieces, part of the index with some light inoVensive discolouring;
contemporary full vellum, spine lettered in ink, vellum a little cockled
and discoloured; front free endpaper creased; printed throughout in
double-columns, with all four languages to each page opening.
First Elzevier edition of Comenius’ famous Latin primer, designed to simultaneously
teach children their own language, Latin, and any other language,
together with a basic knowledge of arts and sciences. This four-language
edition comprises Latin, German, French and Italian, and is attractively
printed in double columns (with German in black letter and Italian in italics),
so that each page opening shows Latin and German on the left and
French and Italian on the right. The book is divided into one hundred lessons
and covers one thousand topics. The work concludes with extensive
indices in all four languages.
Willems 496; OCLC lists University of Illinois, Missouri, Columbia, New York
and Miami.
catalogue fourteen

Civilité Type for Courtesy Book
28 [CORDIER, Mathurin.] La Civilité puerile et honneste, pour
l’instruction des Enfans, en laquelle est mise au commencement la
maniere d’apprendre à bien lire, prononcer & écrire; corrigée de
nouveau, & augmentée à la Wn d’un beau Traité pour bien apprendre
l’Orthographe. Dressée par un Missionnaire. Avec des precepts &
Instructions pour apprendre à la Jeunesse à se bien conduire dans
les Compagnies. Paris, Herissant, 1785. £1000
12mo, pp. [vi], 102, [2]; title a little dust-soiled, lower corner worn
and a little frayed; stitched in early manuscript leaf of an ?army list;
ownership inscription of Robin Servon on the inside wrapper, with date
in ink on upper wrapper. Servon also appears as one of the names on
the army list; a little dog-eared and dampstain to lower wrapper.
Later edition of a rare combined ABC and courtesy book, printed almost
entirely in civilité type. After a brief introduction to the letters of the alphabet,
vowels and consonants and some spelling exercises, the young readers
are instructed on proper behaviour at church, at school, in polite company,
while playing, at the table etc. The work concludes with a brief introduction
to numbers and arithmetic, and 126 verses by De Pybrac, followed
by a listing of homonyms. The Wrst edition of this version was apparently
published in 1753.
This is an attractive example of a civilité book, named for the type designed
by Robert Granjon in 1557 and based on the gothic cursive handwriting in
vogue at the time. ‘As early as the sixteenth century a particular French type
face was given the name civilité after a French work by Mathurin Cordier,
which combined doctrines from Erasmus’s treatise with those of another
humanist, Johannes Sulpicius. And a whole genre of books, directly or indirectly
inXuenced by Erasmus’s treatise, appeared under the title civilité or
civilité puerile; these were printed up to the end of the eighteenth century
in this civilité type’. (Norbert Elias, On Civilization, Power and Knowledge,
1998, p. 76.) Civilité type being similar to handwriting was mostly used for
popular books, such as chapbooks, schoolbooks, songbooks etc.
[Provenance:] The work is bound in a vellum manuscript leaf, apparently
with military listings; included in a list of names is an oYcer Servon, which
corresponds to the ownership inscription of Robin Servon on the inside
wrapper.
See Gumuchian 1763 (similar ed. of 1813); Carter-Vervliet 471 (similar Paris edition
of 1757).
How to Make Paper Flowers
29 DE MARIA, Claudio. La Fiorista dà Wori artiWciali con varie
ricette per diversi colori. Compilato da Claudio DeMaria. Cesari,
1856. Manuscript in ink. £3750
susanne schulz-falster rare books

8vo, pp. [ii], 41, [7] blank, [96], with one very large folding plate (420
x 520 mm), 28 blank, folding plate with short splits to fold; specially
produced vellum notebook with envelope-style Xap and remains of linen
ribbon, with memo pockets at front and back, with four sheets of notes;
binding a little rubbed, but very well preserved.
A charming original manuscript in ink on the production of paper Xowers,
illustrated extensively in colour, with the inclusion of numerous colour
recipes. The manual is extremely well organised, with diagrams and tables,
marked and referenced in the text.
The Wrst section, extending to forty-one pages, contains detailed recipes
for the production of diVerent dyes, with descriptions of the necessary
ingredients and procedures. The second, more extensive part contains a
comprehensive introduction to the production of paper Xowers, with full
colour illustrations of diVerent Xowers, and the various steps in production,
such as pattern cutting, advice on how to form leaves, petals etc., and Wnal
assembly of the diVerent parts. There are many colour illustrations in the
text, detailing either work steps, or the Wnished product. The large folding
plate shows the diVerent tools used in paper Xower production.
This manual must have been a notebook of either a master or an apprentice
of paper Xower production, though clearly one with an artistic bend, as
the illustrations are both charming and competent. There is no publication
recorded with a similar title, and moreover, the spontaneous writing style
makes it highly unlikely that this is a copy of an existing book. It was possibly
meant for future publication, with a few later corrections in the text.
However, no such book appears to have been published.
European paper Xower production apparently originated in Italy, but in
the eighteenth century the French made great advances in the accuracy of
their reproductions and towards the end of the century Paris manufacturers
enjoyed a world-wide reputation.
catalogue fourteen

Conjuring, Mathematical Games and Magic
30 DECREMPS, Henri. La Magie Blanche Dévoilée, ou
explication des Tours surprenans qui sont depuis peu l’admiration
de la Capitale & de la Province. Avec des réXexions sur la Baguette
Divinatoire, les Automates joueurs de’Echecs. Paris, F. J. Desoer,
1789. [Bound with:] Supplément a la Magie Blanche Dévoilée. Paris,
F. J. Desoer, 1789. [Bound with:] Testament de Jérome Sharp. Paris,
F. J. Desoer, 1789. [Bound with:] Les Petites Aventures de Jérome
Sharp. Brusselles, F. J. Desoer, 1790. £2400
Four volumes bound in two, 8vo, frontispiece, pp. viii, 118; viii, 270,
[1] approbation, with engraved frontispiece bound in; xvi, 262 [1],
woodcut music bound as frontispiece; xii, 266, frontispiece as part of
collation; all four volumes with frontispiece, numerous woodcut Wgures
in the text, some full page, including printed music; contemporary full
mottled calf, spine decoratively gilt in compartments, two contrasting
gilt-lettered spine labels; gilding a little faded, paper shelf marks to foot
of spine, and in crayon to front free endpaper; a Wne set from the library
of Freiherr von Wrede Melschede with oblong stamps to margin of
title.
A very attractive collected edition of the most important works on conjuring,
mathematical games and scientiWc recreations by Henri Decremps, a
mathematician and avid conjurer, who attempted to explain magical phenomena
rationally as trickery or sleight of hand. In the eighteenth century
scientiWc discovery and the belief in magic and occult phenomena mixed
uneasily. Everything had to be explained scientiWcally, and Decremps was
on the forefront of attempting to debunk ‘magic’.
Of particular interest are his descriptions of tricks and illusions, based on
magnetism, electricity, geometry, perspective, optics, with illustrations of
speciWc tricks. He describes a wide array of automatons and machinery, for
the performance of marvels, which according to the author were attributable
to magnets, concealed canaries and other devices. Some of Decremps’
‘scientiWc explanations’ and mathematics, were later revealed to be fanciful
themselves, as was pointed out by Fiard.
Some of Decremps’ works were written under the Wctional guise of Prof.
Jérome Sharpe. The works proved immensely popular both in France, and
in England, where La Magie Blanche Dévoilée was published under the title
The Conjurer Unmasked in the translation of Thomas Denton.
See Caillet 2861 (Magie Blanche, Wrst edition 1784–5), Caillet 2862 (Testament
de Jerome Sharp, Wrst edition 1786), Caillet 2864 (Petites Aventures, Wrst edition
1789).
susanne schulz-falster rare books

With the Arms of the Altieri Family
31 DORIA, Luigi Romano. Elementi della Coltivazione de’
Grani ad uso dell’Agro Romano. Rome, Salomoni, 1777. £2950
8vo, pp. xvi (imprimatur leaf misbound), 236, Wve engraved plates
(three folding) bound at the end; title printed in red and blue, with
portrait medallion of Pope Pius VI and a medallion showing an
overXowing grain vat surrounded by the words ‘spes publica’; bound
in contemporary full tan calf, spine gilt in six compartments, giltlettered
spine label, sides gold-tooled with outer roll border, corner
ornaments built up from individual tools including leafy sprays,
small stars, blossoms and Xower tools; a.e.g., Italian pattern paper
endpapers, bookplate removed from front paste-down; repair to upper
compartment of spine, else a Wne copy.
First edition, rare, of this attractively illustrated reform proposal for Roman
agriculture in a Wne binding. Doria begins with advice on the assessment
of diVerent types and qualities of soil and prospective harvests, which need
to be taken into account when assessing the viability of estates and their
leases. This is followed by detailed advice on the whole process of practical
agriculture, such as how to organise and arrange the Welds for maximum
eYciency, how the Welds are prepared, manure applied and ploughed under,
then sowing, hoeing, etc. up to the harvesting. He makes some useful
suggestions for the more eYcient use of existing Welds and the incorporation
of fallow land.
catalogue fourteen

Doria also supplies a detailed calendar of projects by month, and an interesting
glossary of agricultural terms and procedures, with labour prices
where appropriate. A Wnal section gives an account of salaries paid in farming,
and the average maintenance cost for various farm workers. Particularly
attractive are the emblematic plates, showing scenes of farming and agriculture,
common wind directions, Weld divisions, and planting instructions.
Doria’s work was reprinted in 1798, and this Wrst edition appears to be
very rare.
[Provenance:] The arms of the binding are those of the Roman noble
family Altieri. The Altieri family produced over the centuries a pope, Clemens
X, cardinals, and other important personages in Rome. The artist who
made the binding was almost certainly a Roman binder.
Not in Kress, Goldsmiths’ or Einaudi, not found in NUC, OCLC lists just one
copy at UC Davis; see Re, Dizionario ragionato di libri d’agricoltura, p. 207, for
1798 edition only, commenting that he never saw the Wrst edition; for Altieri family
see Enciclopedia storico-nobiliare italiana.
Servants and Masters – The Law
32 DORN, Johann Lorenz. Versuch einer ausführlichen
Abhandlung des Gesinderechts. Erlangen, Johann Jakob Palm,
1794. £950
8vo, pp. 557, [1] blank, [2] errata; light dampstain to lower margin of
Wrst few signatures; recent boards, preserving original wrappers; from
the Neustrelitz library with stamp to verso of title, and with book label
Rose to inside front wrapper.
First edition of this comprehensive study of the law concerning domestic
servants, farm labourers, hired servants and day labourers, expanded from
the doctoral dissertation of the author. Dorn begins with an extensive overview
of existing legislation and its historical background, based on the feudal
system, and adds a detailed bibliography of relevant legal publications.
In individual chapters direct and indirect obligations of servants to masters
are discussed, including a chapter on forced labour, labour in lieu of
debt, etc., followed by those of the masters. These include detailed provisions
for fair treatment, provisions for health care etc. A special section is
devoted to the end of the working agreement, and its legal provisions, again
viewed from both sides. A whole list of legitimate reasons for prematurely
ending a working agreement is given, ranging from cruelty, to forthcoming
marriage or inheritance on the side of the servants, and bankruptcy, long
travel or change of circumstances in the case of the employers. A Wnal chapter
gives details of various privileges of the servants, such as tax-free earnings,
loyalty payments for long service, which in some municipalities also
entailed full citizen’s rights, and the provision that in case of bankruptcy of
the employer, payment of the servants took precedence over other obligations.
The work provides a detailed legal and sociological introduction to
this speciWc section of early modern labour law.
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A detailed contents list at the end allows easy access to individual questions,
and comprehensive bibliographical details are given throughout.
OCLC lists Munich and Groningen.
Amor Disarmed
33 [DURANDI, Jacobo.] Amore Disarmato Poemetto. Naples,
Pomatelli, 1768. £850
8vo, folding engraved frontispiece, pp. 166; some spotting throughout;
uncut in the original buV limp boards, with sprinkled paper spine,
manuscript spine label, some surface abrasions; library shelf mark to
spine, early manuscript ownership inscription to front free endpaper,
recording purchase date 19 August 1772 and price.
First edition of an extensive narrative poem on falling out of love. Revenge
seems on the cards: ‘Ora voi Beltà neglette, ed amanti disperati, preparate
le vendetta contra chi v’ha maltrattati’. Particularly appealing is the Wnely
engraved frontispiece entitled ‘amor disarmato’ where a determined lady
breaks Amor’s bow and arrows.
Durandi (1737–1817) is particularly known as the author of numerous
opera libretti.
Ersch, p. 354; OCLC lists copies at Harvard and Göttingen; see Ferri and Castreca-Brunetti,
Biblioteca feminile Italiana, p. 295.
catalogue fourteen

The Ideal Farming Village
34 EICKEMEYER, Rudolf. Uiber die Erbauung der Dörfer.
Frankfurt, Varrentrapp snd Wenner, 1787. £480
4to, pp. iv, 36, with 8 engraved mostly folding plates; title vignette
and woodcut head- and tail-pieces; uncut in the original blue wrappers,
spine reinforced; title page a little browned, else Wne.
First edition of the winning contribution to the prize question of the Göttingen
Academy of 1786. Following a number of village Wres, the Academy
requested contributions on the question of how best to plan and design
a village, both for rebuilding the ones damaged by Wre and in general for
planning new villages. Eickemeyer proposes a village based on a grid system,
with mixed-sized farms, a centrally located church, school and court
house, and easy access to roads. The outline is illustrated on the engraved
plates. He also makes some general observations on the ideal location of
such a village, close to a river, at suYcient distance to avoid Xooding, in the
shadow of some hills or mountains, protected from Werce winds, but not in
an area with stagnant waters and its inherent dangers.
Eickemeyer (1753–1825) studied mathematics at Göttingen and later
became a well-known army engineer, and military Wgure.
ADB V, pp. 743–746; uncommon, OCLC lists copies at Munich and Frankfurt.
Law of the Seas
35 ERIONI, Cesare. Ragionamenti ... l’uno sulla Ragione
Pubblica l’altro su i Relitti del Mare Adriatico. Rome, Girolamo
Mainardi, 1759. £950
8vo, [xvi], 62, [2 blank title printed in red and black with large
engraved vignette, three large engraved head-pieces, 3 tailpieces and 3
Wgurative initials; a wide-margined copy; contemporary full mottled
calf, spine decoratively gilt, insigniWcant worm trace to foot of spine; a
Wne copy, ownership inscription of Avvocato Alessandro del Conte in
ink to title, with the bookplate of the Biblioteca Caproni.
First edition, uncommon, of two Wnely produced legal essays, fulsomely
presented to Cardinal Orsini. The Wrst one deals with the importance of
the law in civic life. Erioni maintains that the juridical faculty is of utmost
importance in the university, as here future public administrators are being
trained and educated. Even though science and industry will produce
wealth for the state, lawyers are necessary to guarantee a smooth running
of the system, provide the framework of their operation and settle disputes.
The legal profession is also instrumental in maintaining civic order, and
necessary for the settlement of international disputes through negotiation
rather than with the help of weaponry. Throughout he quotes extensively
from legal writers such as Grotius, Muratori, Hobbes, Burlamaqui etc., and
maintains that the study of law should be encouraged.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

In the second treatise he discusses issues concerning the Law of the Sea,
speciWcally the question who owns wrecks and whatever else washes up
on the shore. He adheres to the doctrine of the liberty of the seas, as pronounced
by Grotius, Selden, and Bynkerhoek, but is particularly concerned
with the question of property rights on changing shorelines. When the
water retreats, who owns the extra land, and similarly when the waters rise,
will landowners be compensated?
Uncommon, not found in the BL (apparently destroyed); no copy in OCLC.
36 FAVRE, Emile de. Les Quatre Heures de la Toilette des Dames,
poëme érotique en quatre chants, dédié à son Altesse, Sérénissime
Madame la Princesse de la Lamballe, Chef du Conseil, & Surintendante
de la Maison de la Reine. Paris, Jean-François Bastien, [de
l’imprimerie de Philippe Denys Pierres 1778]. 1779. £850
Tall 8vo, pp. engraved title, pp. [xii], 84, with 4 full-page engravings
and Wve half page engraved vignettes after LeClerc; printed on ‘stout
Dutch paper’ (Lewine), occasional light brownig; contemporary full
mottled calf, triple gilt Wllet to sides, Xat spine gilt, with gilt-lettered
spine label, a.e.g.; an attractive copy.
First edition of this erotic poem illustrated with charming vignettes and
engravings after LeClerc, executed by Arrivet, Halbou, Legrand, Leroy and
Patas. The work is dedicated to the princess de Lamballe with her arms
included in the Wrst vignette, and her portrait on the engraved frontispiece
and the last vignette. The princesse de Lamballe (1749–1792) was Marie
Antoinette’s conWdante and was guillotined in 1792.
‘The plates, though Wne, are lacking in grace; on the other hand the tailpieces
are superb, particularly the one said to represent the head dressed
with plumes of the ill-fated princess de Lamballe. The original drawings of
catalogue fourteen

the frontispiece and the heraldic vignette form part of the collection of M.
Portalis’ (Lewine). ‘Belles illustrations, bien qu’un peu lourdes; les culs-delampe
sont superbes’ (Cohen-R. 376–7).
The poem was reprinted in 1780 and numerous times in the nineteenth
century.
Cioranescu 28418; Cohen-Ricci 376; Gay- Lemonier III, 903; Lewine 179;
Sander 644; uncommon, OCLC lists copies at Yale, Williams College, Rotterdam,
National Library of Sweden, and Munich.
Fire Insurance
37 [FEZER, Johann Jacob.] Uiber Brandschadens
Versicherungsanstalten, ein patriotischer Vorschlag eines
Reichsstädters. Gedruckt auf Kosten des Verfassers. Reutlingen and
Tübingen, Schramm, 1783. £950
8vo, pp. [viii], [2] dedication, 183, [1] errata; title vignette;
contemporary pale yellow boards, a little dust-soiled, else Wne.
First and only edition of this rare proposal for an innovative Wre insurance
scheme. Fezer begins with an analysis of existing Wre insurance schemes.
He rejects all of them, because they either distribute the insurance burden
too unevenly, encourage risky behaviour of those who have insurance, or
increase the damage done by major Wres. Instead he proposes a combined
scheme, which insists on a Wxed base capital of the insurance company,
with the provision that this base capital may never be used up completely,
and Wnally the payment of insurance excess for every claim, to encourage
responsible behaviour by the claimants.
Fezer encourages compulsory insurance, and maintains the capital can
be built up through small regular contributions, and supplemented by
property and similar taxes. In eVect the insurance should work like a bank,
where the deposited funds may be utilised before their due date. In his
contrib utions he includes extensive details of other insurance schemes, both
in Germany and abroad.
Goldsmiths’–Kress 12508.6; Hamberger-Meusel II, 316; Holzmann-Bohatta IV,
6198; not in Humpert or Mansutti.
The History of a House in Paris
38 [FORTIA D’URBAN, Agricole-Joseph-François.] Recueil
des Titres de Propriété d’un Maison et Terrain situés au faubourg
Montmarte, division du Mont-Blanc, chaussée d’Antin, rue de la
Rochefoucauld no. 12, à Paris deuxième arrondissment municipal.
Paris, Xhrouet, 1809. £800
12mo, pp. [ii], 271; contemporary full tan calf with triple rule to sides,
spine decoratively gilt, gilt-lettered spine label, with monogram stamp
F.J. to front free endpaper, and stamp of Fressod; a Wne copy.
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First and apparently only edition of an interesting compilation of all the
deeds and legal documents relating to a particular house and grounds in
Paris from 1644. In minute detail every change of ownership, change of use
and modiWcation of the building and the adjoining land of no. 12, rue de
Rochefoucault is documented, and is thus of great interest to architectural
and legal historians alike. The property changed ownership through sale,
inheritance, and division. It seems astonishing how often the property was
in fact sold oV. Early documents allowing the building of fences and walls
are also included, as are local tax obligations, and exact Wnancial details of
later property transactions.
This curious publication was written by the Marquis de Fortia d’Urban
(1756–1843), the owner of the property in the early nineteenth century.
Descending from one of the oldest Catalan families, he excelled as a student
at the Paris military academy. However, instead of pursuing a military
career, he spent his life as an independent writer, historian and scientist,
and was a member of numerous literary and scientiWc societies. He wrote
on history, mathematics and geography, among them a well-known history
of China.
OCLC lists no copies in America, and just two copies in Paris libraries.
In Praise of Middle Class Civic Values
39 [FREDERICK THE GREAT.] Discorso fatto per suo
passatempo dall M. di F. il. G. R. di P... Fantasianopoli, 1760. £500
4to, pp. 26, large engraved vignette on title; contemporary pale red
vellum; a Wne copy, with manuscript note tipped in on front pastedown.
First edition in Italian of Frederick the Great’s satirical funeral oration on
the death of the cobbler and shoemaker Jacob Mathias Reinold, translated
from the French by the Italian Enlightenment philosopher, the count
Algarotti. Frederick used the occasion to praise his workmanship, dedication
and honesty, and, by extension, bourgeois civic values. He combined it
with an underlying criticism of the corruption of the aristocracy.
Melzi 1848; rare, OCLC lists copies at UCLA and Toronto.
Salami Rvvvvvecipes in Verse
40 [FRIZZI, Antonio.] La Salameide, poemetto giocoso con le
note. Venice, Guglielmo Zerletti, 1772. £1000
8vo, pp. [iv] engraved frontispiece and title page, pp. [viii], 135, [1]
blank; Wnely engraved vignette to title page and at head of the main
text; uncut in the original buV boards; spine a little rubbed, and head
and tail of spine chipped; small private library stamp to foot of title; a
good copy.
First edition of a charming work, a light-hearted eighteenth century heroic
poem dedicated to the ‘salamina’, the little sausage, by the Ferrara historian
catalogue fourteen

Antonio Frizzi. The publisher, Zerletti, writes in his preface that while being
occupied with printing a ponderous theological work he has decided
to present his customers with a not-so-serious oVering. In his poem Frizzi
utilises the traditions of the epic poem, but sings the praises not of chivalry
and love, but of the pork sausage. He discusses various types of sausages,
with quite detailed information on their production. In extensive footnotes
reference is made to the Vocabolario della Crusca, other authors, and the history
of sausage production.
The engraved frontispiece is particularly appealing, showing a ‘salumeria’
with sausages and hams suspended from the ceiling and a boar being
slaughtered in the background. An elegant customer converses with the
shopkeeper, and takes an appreciative whiV at a salami, while his dog is
about to steal a sausage from the table.
B.IN.G. 852; Lapiccirella 170; Simon 1342; Westbury p. 197.
41 GAETANI, Pietro. Deutsches – Französisches, Italienisches,
Spanisches, Englisches Wörterbuch über alle Arten von Manufacturen
die in Nürnberg verfertiget werden, mit ihren Nummern und
Zeichen zum Gebrauch für Commissionairs und Committenten.
Nürnberg, the author 1807. £380
8vo, pp. 30, interleaved copy; title page in portrait format, text in
landscape format, arranged in Wve columns, separated by single rule;
contemporary black paste-paper limp boards.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

First edition of a curious language handbook for business travellers and
buyers. Arranged in alphabetical order the names of obscure products and
base materials are given in Wve diVerent languages, all apparently relevant
for doing business in Nürnberg. Predominant are metal tools and objects
such a Wre-cocks, tongs, pincers and bookbinding tools, but also musical
instruments such as Jew’s harps.
Another edition appeared in 1810, and the work was presumably incorporated
into Gaetani’s later publication ‘Il vero genio epistorale mercantile’.
Uncommon, KVK and OCLC list only the 1810 edition at Munich.
Neapolitan Dialect
42 [GALIANI, Ferdinando.] Del Dialetto Napoletano. Naples,
Vincenzo Mazzola-Vocola, 1779. £2800
8vo, pp. 184; woodcut initials and head and tail-pieces; some light
spotting and browning due to paper quality; paper fault to lower
corner of title page; contemporary full vellum over boards, gilt-lettering
directly to spine, a few small wormholes to spine, but an attractive copy.
Rare Wrst edition of the Wrst scientiWc study of the Neapolitan dialect by the
economist and enlightenment writer Galiani. He gives a detailed history and
grammar of this dialect, which he maintains was the primitive language of
Italy. In his preface Galiani stresses the importance of dialect and language
as a patriotic bond and means for preserving national heritage even in times
of political and social turbulence. He defends the Neapolitan dialect against
the inXuences of Tuscan Italian, and points to the importance of dialect
poetry for Neapolitan literature. He begins with a general assessment of
the characteristics of Neapolitan dialect and its grammar, covering syntax,
spelling etc. In the second part he deals with the origin of the language, and
its changing fortunes. He covers Sicilian and Puglian language, and traces
its inXuence in Italian. He gives numerous bi-lingual examples from Boccaccio,
relevant glossaries, and concludes with a catalogue of works written
in Neapolitan dialect.
A second enlarged edition, published ten years later, also included the
beginnings of a dictionary of words unique to the Neapolitan dialect.
Ferdinando Galiani (1728–1787), a Neapolitan envoy to the Court of
Paris, is better known as the author of Della Moneta, ‘the best of many treatises
published in Italy on money’. During his ten years in France Galiani
had immersed himself in the ideas of the French enlightenment, but kept
intact his Italian heritage, the ideas of Vico and Machiavelli, and his interest
in the Italian language. He was an important Wgure in the principal salons
of Paris, and was in close contact with the most inXuential Wgures of the
time.
Not in Zaunmüller, or Robert A. Hall, A bibliography of Italian linguistics, 1941,
who only records the second edition (Hall 3357); OCLC records copies at Berkeley,
Yale, Harvard, Maryland, Austin, Texas, Cornell and Oxford.
catalogue fourteen

43 GIANNI, Francesco Maria. Governo della Toscana sotto
il Regno di sua Maestà il Re Leopoldo II. Florence, Gaetano
Cambiagi, 1790. £1500
Tall 4to, pp. [iv] including Wrst blank, 76, 60 unnumbered leaves
and 4 folding sheets, tables A – DD, dimostrazione I – V; bound in
contemporary vellum-backed pattern paper boards; a very crisp Wne
copy, printed on strong paper.
First edition of Gianni’s account of the economic reforms carried out during
Leopold II’s rule as Grand Duke of Tuscany, before he became emperor
of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1790. Leopold II was one of the
most capable and remarkable of the reforming princes of the eighteenth
century. Advised by the liberal economist Bandini, he introduced a system
of free trade in grain and foodstuVs, promoted agriculture, and reclaimed
marshlands for intensive cultivation. Taxation was reformed on the basis of
equality for all citizens, which abolished the privileges of the nobility. Local
government and the administration of justice were also revised, and torture
and capital punishment abolished.
Written by the economist and administrator Gianni (1728–1821) in
close collaboration with Leopold II, this account was clearly modelled on
Necker’s famous Compte Rendu. Gianni gives a detailed, and Wrst-hand report
of these economic reforms, which in the Wrst part are described in
great detail, with clear reference to the legislation passed and new rules introduced.
In the second section the achievements are presented in detailed
account form, presenting the ‘end-of-year’ accounts of Leopold’s last year in
oYce in Tuscany, compared to 1765, the beginning of his reign. In a clear
cost versus result analysis, all aspects of public Wnance are covered, ranging
from the Tuscan tax income, public accounts and the national debt, to local
accounts of cities such as Siena, and state expenditure on speciWc areas,
such as prisons, Wne arts, and public administration. Even the accounts of
the grand duke himself are laid open.
A fascinating document of enlightened administration, which shows an
astonishing degree of openness and accountability of an absolute ruler. The
work was widely distributed through two reprints in 1791 and even translated
into German in 1795. (See also no 98.)
Cossa 143, 87; Einaudi 2668; Kress Italian 595.
Gillet’s Extensive Type and Ornament Specimen
44 GILLÉ, Joseph-Gaspard. Recueil des divers Caractères,
Vignettes et Ornemens de la Fonderie et Imprimerie De J. G. Gillé.
Paris, Rue Saint-Jean-de-Beauvais, Division de Panthéon. Année
1808. [With:] Prospectus d’un Nouveau Manuel Typographique
ou Traité des moyens mécaniques qui concourent à la confection
physique des Livres. [Paris, 1806]. [With:] Caracteres de la Fonderie
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et Imprimerie de Gillé Wls. Exposition de l’An IX au Palais. [1801].
[With:]Titres des Fonderie et Imprimerie de Gillé Wls à Paris. n.d.
[With:] Choix de nouvelles Vignettes. De la Fonderie de Gillé à
Paris, n.d. [With:] Epreuves des Vignettes et Fleurons Gravés aux
Bois et Politypés, des Fonderie et Imprimerie de Gillé. 1808.
£11,800
Folio, ll. 95, and one large folding printed type specimen broadside
(some wear in folds); most of the leaves printed on one side only;
bound in contemporary glazed red boards, spine and sides covered
with buV paper (?contemporary or later 19th century), with the
original wrappers (blue with decorative border) bound in; a Wne copy.
catalogue fourteen

A rare type specimen outlining type faces, both text, display and exotic
fonts, together with borders, rules, ornaments and vignettes oVered by the
innovative typefounder and printer Gillé fils. The type specimen combines
traditional forms of presenting new type faces with ‘promotional’ literature,
and an extensive range of borders and decorative devices. It has clearly
been collected at the time, with circular letters included, and comprehensively
represents Gillé’s type specimens published in the Wrst decade of the
nineteenth century. Also included is the very rare prospectus for a printing
manual (never to be published), the large folding type specimen and the
engraving of the printing press, which are all often lacking. A full listing is
available on request.
Gillé is particularly important as a promoter of the newer styles of ornament,
oVering typographic decoration to the printers of France, in a kind
of stereotype, which he asserted was in design and method of reproduction
destined to overthrow the outdated woodcuts of the Ancien Régime.
(see Fleuron VI, pp. 167V). He also proposes vignette and borders cast on
various type bodies, introduces type faces that resemble hand-writing, and
borders of Greek and classical design.
Amongst French type-founders at the end of the eighteenth and in the
early years of the nineteenth century, Gillés père et fils, held a prominent
positions. Gillé fils ‘was not content to rest on his father’s laurels after taking
over the foundry in 1789. With the help of a work force numbering
between 80 and 100, he added substantially to this father’s range of types
and ornaments. He also made a considerable personal reputation by successfully
combining artistic talent, commercial ambition, and the ability to
keep himself well informed about technical developments in printing at
home and abroad’ (Dreyfuss).
Some of the type stock of Gillé Wls passed into the hands of the printer
susanne schulz-falster rare books

J. A. Pasteur, who himself issued a type specimen in 1823. The larger part
of it became property of the Wrm of Laurent, Balzac & Barbier, best-known
for the novelist’s involvement.
A number of other copies of this type specimen exist, Audin describes
one (less complete), and there is a copy at the St Bride’s Printing Library,
and another one described in Birrell & Garnett (more comprehensive); all
of them diVer somewhat in their composition. This particular example contains
all of the rarest items, i.e. the prospectus, the single sheet engraving of
the press, and in particular the large folding type-specimen.
Audin 75–79; Birrell & Garnett 47 (a more comprehensive collection); Gaskell,
Barber & Warrilow, F9; Barber, French Letterpress printing p. 14; D. B. Updike, ‘A
translation of the reports of Berlier & Sobry on Types of Gillé Wls’ in Fleuron VI,
pp. 167V.; ; OCLC records copies with diVerent make-up at the Getty, Newberry,
Huntington, Harvard, the Victoria & Albert Museum, and Cambridge.
45 GLASER, Peter. Gesind TeuVel, darinn acht stücke gehandelt
werden, von des Gesindes untrew, welche im nachfolgenden blat
verzeichnet. Durch M. Peter Glaser Prediger zu Dresden gestellet
und zusammen gezogen. Franckfurt am Mayn, 1566. [colophon:]
Franckfurt am Mayn, Martin Lechler, Sigmund Feirabend and
Simon Hüter, 1566. £1850
8vo, ll. 64, imprint to verso of last leaf, large title woodcut and two
woodcut initials; old ink chapter numbering to verso of title, with some
show-through; paper lightly browned; early twentieth century calfbacked
boards, gilt-lettered spine label.
catalogue fourteen

Second edition, very rare, of a charming volume, characterising problems
with servants and labourers as symptoms of their submission to the devil, as
part of the medieval devil tradition in German folklore and popular didactic
literature. Glaser, a protestant theologian, identiWes a particular ‘Gesind’
or servant devil, who inXuences domestic servants, who were deemed too
weak to reject his advances. In eight individual chapters Glaser discusses
common problems, such as servants not showing up for work, servants preferring
to work for godless masters rather than god-fearing ones; servants
taking up employment, but then proving unreliable and making excuses for
getting out of it; servants keeping working hours without getting any work
done; or servants who after having Wnished employment bad-mouth their
masters. In each case Glaser identiWes devilish inXuences, and cites relevant
passages from the Bible to act against it. Although the belief in the devil’s
inXuence waned in the eighteenth century, the prejudice against the motives
of disaVected servants continued.
The charming title page woodcut shows a kitchen scene, with the devil
trying to seduce the maid, and broken crockery on the Xoor.
There was an earlier edition printed by Feirabend, published in 1564
(Halle) and another one published in Weissenfels by Hantzsch (Munich
only).
VD16 G2184 (Munich, Berlin, Wolfenbüttel); Goedeke II, 481, 12; Hayn-
Gotendorf II, 625; Grimm, Teufelsbücher 14 V; OCLC adds no further copies.
Ballet and Theatre in Tuscany
46 GOUDAR, Sara. Relation Historique des divertissemens de
l’Automne de Toscane ou Lettre de Madame Sara Goudar sur ce
Sujet à Mylord ***. [1775?]. £1200
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8vo, pp. 46; uncut in contemporary decorative wrappers; lower
wrapper frayed and with some marginal loss; a little dog-eared and
spine chipped; an attractive copy.
An interesting report on contemporary ballet and theatre by Sara Goudar,
wife of the adventurer, political writer and friend of Casanova, Ange
Goudar. The work is in the form of letters addressed to their acquaintance
John Child, second Earl Tilney, who lived for over thirty years in Florence
and Naples, and was very interested in music and dance. The letters were
published in a number of editions, all very uncommon, between 1774 and
1776.
After some general remarks on the respective merits of music, theatre,
ballet and dance, Sara Goudar gives reviews of a number of performances in
Florence, beginning with Perseus and Andromeda, with music by Giuseppe
Gazaniga, and Corneille’s Le Cid, with details of the plot, leading artists
and the orchestra. Practical information is also included, such as prices of
tickets, visiting troupes, programmes of other theatres etc., followed by
general gossip regarding Lord Hamilton.
The work is of some importance as an early report on ballet, see Derra de
Moroda 1124 and Magreil, A Bibliography of Dancing, p. 112.
Mars 114; Childs, Casanoviana 445; no further copies found of this edition in
RLIN and OCLC; two other editions with diVerent pagination were published
the same year, OCLC lists copies at Yale, Chicago and Utrecht of one (pp. 64) and
Utrecht and UCLA of the other one (pp. 35,1).
Venetian Literary Debate
47 [GOZZI, Carlo.] Fogli sopra alcune Massime del Genio
e Costumi del Secolo dell’Abate Pietro Chiari e contro a’ poeti
Nugnez de’nostri tempi. Venice, Paolo Colombani, 1761. £480
8vo, pp. 176; title vignette, decorative initials and head- and tailpieces;
uncut in contemporary limp boards, spine lettered in manuscript;
extremities a little rubbed, else Wne.
First edition of Gozzi’s Wnal shot in the long drawn out polemic with his
contemporaries Pietro Chiari and Goldoni, about the role of the theatre and
literature in Venice. Gozzi takes issue with Chiari’s Il Genio e Costumi del
Secolo corrente, his lively picture of eighteenth century mores, customs and
failings, with particular reference to the situation in Venice. Carlo Gozzi
(1720–1806) satirises both Chiari and Gozzi as ‘poeti Nugnez’, based on
the character in Gil Blas, as writers who take themselves too seriously, and
who through their vulgar and entertaining plays subvert Venetian society.
This work is in eVect a precursor to Gozzi’s later autobiography, his ‘Useless
Memoirs of the Life of Carlo Gozzi written by himself and published out of
humility’, Wrst published in 1797–99, where he again mounts his defence
against his adversaries.
The work also contains parts of his romantic poem Marfisa Bizzara, not
published until ten years later.
catalogue fourteen

Uncommon, OCLC lists copies at Toronto, Harvard, Göttingen and Catania;
see Corniani, I Secoli della Letteratura italiana dopo il suo Risorgimento, 1856, pp.
158–160.
The Use of Mavvthematics
48 GRÜNBERGER, Georg. Rede von der manichfaltigen
Brauchbarkeit mathematischer Kenntnisse und dem Nutzen eines
verbreiteten Unterrichtes in denselben, gehalten in einer öVentlichen
Versammlung der kurfürstl. Akademie der Wissenschaften an dem
höchsterfreulichen Geburtstage Sr. kurfürstl. Durchl. Karl Theodors.
Munich, Maria Anna Vötterinn, 1784. £380
4to, pp. 73, [1] blank, decorative initials and head- and tail-pieces;
contemporary marbled wrappers, an attractive wide-margined copy.
First and only edition of this ‘promotional’ talk on the value of mathematics,
not just in everyday life, but in all Welds of science and business.
Grünberger stresses the importance of mathematics as a part of general
education, encouraging logical thinking and the search for proof, and outlines
its inXuence in all Welds of science, industry and exploration. He gives
extensive examples from the Welds of mining, surveying, military science,
statistics etc., and makes some pertinent remarks on the cross-fertilisation
between empirical data and theoretical formulae. He cites extensively from
major mathematicians of the time, especially Euler.
Grünberger (1749–1820) was professor for mathematics at the Bavarian
Agricultural Academy and a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences;
he also published in scientiWc forestry management.
49 GUDEN, Philipp Peter. Polizey der Industrie, oder
Abhandlung von den Mitteln, den Fleiß der Einwohner zu
ermuntern, welcher die Königl. Groß-Brittannische Societät der
Wissenschaften zu Göttingen i. J. 1766. den Preis zuerkannt hat.
Braunschweig, Fürstliches Waysenhaus, 1768. £1400
8vo, pp. [xiv], 480, [1, errata], engraved vignette on title, two woodcut
headpieces; title and errata leaf a little browned, otherwise a fresh and
clean copy in contemporary marbled calf, spine ornamented and lettered
in gilt; covers rubbed and with traces of worming; from the library of
the Göttingen Royal Society of Sciences with their large oval stamp, and
release stamp, on title-verso.
Rare Wrst edition of this award-winning dissertation on the active encouragement
of industry and commerce, written by a Hanoverian civil servant
and proliWc author on insurance mathematics and political economy. Guden
covers the entire Weld of political economy, from monetary theory, over the
legal framework for a thriving economy to infrastructure (roads, factories,
susanne schulz-falster rare books

and the banking system). Of particular interest are his comments on how to
encourage productivity. Of primary importance is education and training,
both within the guilds and through speciWc economic academies. Guden
also suggests prize competitions, industrial exhibitions, and public recognition
of achievement, as a vital incentive. Factories should be well designed,
and the working environment conducive to productivity. He comments on
branches of industry, which are particularly promising, and identiWes the
textile industry as a growth industry. He concludes with comments on the
improvement of agriculture through smaller units, restrictions on absent
landlords, and the introduction of agricultural insurance.
Goldsmiths’–Kress 10407.8; not in Humpert; OCLC locates one copy at Brigham
Young University.
Orthopedic Museum Catalogue – Bound in Blue Silk
50 HEINE, Johann Georg. Verzeichniss des systematischen
Bestandes des Modellen-Kabinettes im Carolinen-Institut zu
Würzburg oder Systematische Darstellumg aller orthopädischen
Krankheitsformen an besondern KunstWguren mit den entsprechenden
Heilungsapparaten, und ähnlichen, die Beinbrüche
und Ausrenkungen darstellenden, Figuren mit ihren gehörigen
Heilungsapparaten und einer historischen Sammlung der bereits
behandelten orthopädischen Krankheitsformen in Gips-Abdrücken,
so wie der Modelle aller orthopädischen Maschinen, welche von
andern älterer und neuerer Zeiten erfunden worden, als specieller
oder technischer getrennter Theil des 1826 erschienenen ersten
Theil des Werkes vom Lehrsystem der Orthopädie. Würzburg, the
Author, 1827. £1200
4to, title-page and pp. lxx, 46, [4] index, [1] errata; deep blue silk,
covers bordered in gilt and with central device in gilt, spine ruled in gilt
and with paper label, spine faded and slightly rubbed at head and foot,
lilac end-papers, all edges gilt; a splendid copy.
First edition, a description of the cabinet of instruments of Johann Georg
Heine, the forefather of German orthopaedics. In 1798 Heine was appointed
to the post of instrument maker to Würzburg university. In 1816
he founded the Wrst orthopaedic institution in Germany in the former
Stephans kloster in Würzburg. In 1822 he was given permission by Queen
Caroline of Bavaria to call it the Carolinen-Institute.
Contained here are the descriptions of all the instruments and apparatus
in the Kabinet at the Institute together with a history of their design, development
and use.
OCLC lists copies at Minnesota Biomedical Library, the National Library of Medicine,
and Bavarian State Library only.
catalogue fourteen

Danish and Norwegian Population Statistics
51 [HENNINGS, August von (editor).] Materialien zur Statistik
der Dänischen Staaten, aus Urkunden und beglaubten Nachrichten,
nebst einer characteristischen Uebersicht der Dänischen Litteratur.
Erster Band [– Dritter Band, and Beilage zu dem zweyten Theile].
Flensburg und Leipzig, Korte, 1784–1791. £1600
Four volumes, 8vo, pp. xxii, [2], 432, with 10 folding printed tables
bound at the end; xviii, 386, [1]; [xi], 608; [viii], 30 large folding
printed tables; contemporary half calf over paste-paper boards, spines
in compartments, decoratively gilt, gilt lettered spine labels, numbering
directly to spine; a few insigniWcant worm holes to foot of spine of the
supplementary volume; from the library of the Danish industrialist
and estate owner Johan Frederik Classen (1725–1792) with his small
circular stamp to title pages, a Wne set.
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First edition, rare, of this comprehensive guide to Danish population
Wgures, northern European economic production and history compiled by
August von Hennings, Christian Ulrich Detlev von Eggers and Christian
Ulrich Dau. Of particular interest are the two volumes which are exclusively
devoted to Danish and Norwegian population development, with
thirty large folding population tables, giving detailed birth and mortality
rates for the period from 1735 to 1784, with compara tive analysis over 50
years and the last 15 years. Figures for towns and cities are given separately.
For Copenhagen the Wgures are even more detailed and cover a period
of over a hundred years, again with plenty of comparative data. The mortality
Wgures are accompanied for part of the period with information on
the causes of death, following the classiWcations of Hensler and Süßmilch.
For comparative reasons the mortality details for London and Berlin are
also given, with a special comparative table of accidental deaths in either
city. These accidental deaths include executions, falling oV a horse or being
kicked by one, rabies, being killed by a mob, and suVocation on a
cherry, to mention but a few.
Hennings, Eggeers and Dau provide a wealth of statistical data, which
is then analysed in the accompanying volume of essays, exploring reasons
for sinking population Wgures, and giving extensive production Wgures,
which explain the dismal economic situation of the country’s population
and explain subsequent emigration.
The other two volumes concentrate on historical and economic questions.
In individual chapters decisive historical events in the history of
Norway, Denmark and Schleswig-Holstein are discussed, with a long biographical
essay on Graf Bernstein, and plenty of economic statistical data
on the area covered.
Hennings (1746–1826), an economist and lawyer, had travelled in Jutland
in the 1770s and 80s which formed the basis of this collection of essays.
He held a civil servant position in Copenhagen.
Goldsmiths’–Kress 12557.4, but with the note that the Goldsmiths’ copy is incomplete,
lacking volume II which contains the population section. OCLC lists a copy
at NEHA (just 2 volumes).
InXuence of the Carolina
52 [HESSEN – PENAL CODE.] Des Durchleuchtigen und
Hochgebornen Fürsten und Herrn Herrn Philipsen des Eltern,
Landgraven zu Hessen, Graven zu Catzenellnbogen, Dietz
Ziegenhain und Nidda etc. Peinliche Gerichts Ordnung. Cassell,
Wilhelm Wessel, 1609. £1200
4to, pp. 107, title printed in red and black, large woodcut arms of
Hessen to verso of title, woodcut initials and head-pieces; paper lightly
browned throughout; twentieth-century vellum backed boards, sides
covered with 16th century manuscript leaf.
catalogue fourteen

First edition of the Hessian penal code, clearly based on the Carolina. The
Hessian ‘Peinliche Gerichtsordnung’ was adopted in 1609 under Philip I,
Landgrave of Hesse, and covered both civil and criminal law. It codiWed
juridical and inquisitorial principles, the rules for circumstantial evidence,
and the use of torture in criminal investigations. Individual chapters deal
with all manner of murder and manslaughter, including infanticide, but
also robbery, treason, arson, witchcraft etc.
A separate section covers theft and robbery, and the investigations and
criminal procedures related to it.
VD 17 32:643645T; uncommon, OCLC lists just copies at Weimar and Göttingen.
53 HINDOGLU, Artin. Theoretisch-pracktische Türkische
Sprachlehre für Deutsche, mit einer Auswahl der nothwendigen
Gespräche, Leseübungen und einem deutsch-türkischen und
türkisch-deutschen Wörterbuch, nebst dem alphabetisch geordneten
Verzeichnisse der Aussprache mit lateinischen Buchstaben, für jene,
die Türkisch nicht lesen können oder es nicht lernen wollen. Vienna,
Anton Edler von Schmid, 1829. £600
4to, pp. [iv], ii, 110, [2], [111]–178, [2] errata; some spotting and
foxing and some marginal damp-staining in the last signatures; uncut in
the original printed wrappers; extremities a little worn, but a good Wrm
copy.
First edition of this uncommon introduction to the Turkish language,
apparently one of the earliest such handbooks. Aimed at the business man
and traveller, Hindoglu, a native speaker of both Turkish and Armenian,
and resident in Vienna gives a thorough, but practical introduction to the
main components of the Turkish language, pronunciation, and grammar.
He points out that his phonetic transcription is based on actual spoken
Turkish, rather than written Turkish, as was common at the time. An
extensive section is devoted to Turkish-German dialogues, printed in three
columns, with a transcription in Roman letters.
The last section contains a German-Turkish, a Turkish-German dictionary,
and a phonetic Turkish-German dictionary, which must have been of
particular use to the traveller.
Hindoglu also published a number of Turkish-French dictionaries and
grammars, but this work appears to be his earliest contribution.
Zenker I, 315 (later edition); not in Bonaparte.
How to Become a Politician
54 HONVLEZ von der Ardenne, Johann Wilhelm Carl Adolph.
Kluge und nützliche Staats-Kunst oder Politische Maximen, nach
denen Rubriquen, Regelen, Rathschlüssen, Aussprüchen und
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Ermahnung deren vornehmsten und gelehrtesten Staats- Männern;
worinnen zugleich ganz kurz die subtileste Staats- und Kunst-
GriVe enthalten sind, wie die geheimeste Concepten, Intriquen,
AVecten, Passionen, Listen, Tücken, Gewohnheiten ... der
Menschen zu entdecken sind. Düsseldorf, Carl Philipp Ludwig
Stahl, [1760]. £650
Small 4to, pp. [iv] double-page title printed in red and black; [xii], 164;
woodcut initials and typographic head pieces; uncut in the original grey
stiV wrappers, a little dog-eared and some wear to foot of spine, else a
Wne crisp copy.
First edition of this manual of statecraft, a kind of courtesy book for princes,
high civil servants, or aspiring politicians. Supported by quotations from
classical and contemporary authors, political conduct is described in 140
short paragraphs. Honvlez takes a good general education for granted, and
then advises restraint and humility, justice and fairness, stresses the importance
of making friends in the right places. A certain cynicism is noticeable,
he advises innocuous opinions rather than making enemies, joviality and
polite behaviour to all, recommends independent wealth, as that makes it
easier to resist bribes, and warns never to teach others all one knows, as that
breeds competition.
Honvlez, also called Adolph Baron von Hüpsch (1730–1805), is best
known as a writer and dedicated collector of books, artefacts and Wne art.
He bequeathed his extensive collections to the Darmstadt court museum
and library, where they form the basis of its collections.
This Wrst edition is apparently rare, a second edition was published in
1767.
NDB vol. 9, pp. 743 V; ADB vol. 13, pp. 427–8; KVK lists a copy at Bamberg,
OCLC adds Göttingen.
The Microscope for Children
55 [HOOKE – JUVENILE.] The Wonders of the Microscope;
or, an Explanation of the Wisdom of the Creator in Objects
comparatively minute. Adapted to the Understanding of
Young Persons. Illustrated with Wve large Copperplates.
London Richard Phillips, (James Gillet)
1811. £1150
8vo, xii, 118, [2] ‘technical terms’ explained,
publisher’s advertisements, with Wve large
engraved plates, all but one folding;
some tears in folds; slight browning
throughout; contemporary blue roanbacked
boards, spine ruled in gilt,
with gilt lettering to spine; with
catalogue fourteen

charming inscription to front free endpaper ‘Sarah ... with her Aunt
Mary’s Love’.
Early edition of this charming children’s guide to microscopy and the
microscope, apparently Wrst published in this form in 1803, and of course
based on Hooke’s Micrographia (Wrst 1665). The work gives a clear introduction
to diVerent kinds of microscopes and their application. The plates
show magniWed specimens, including a louse, cheese mites, the Xea and a
blue-bottle, together with an engraving of the microscope itself.
Four of the plates ‘were either copied from those in Hooke’s Micrographia
or were printed from the original plates after they had been clumsily
worked over... the text contains references to the work of Leeuwenhoek
and Hooke, but there is no acknowledgement of the source of the plates’
(Keynes).
Appealingly this copy was given to a girl by her aunt, with an inscription
to the front free endpaper.
Keynes, Hooke, 12; Opie F279; see Gumuchian 4032 for 1823 edition.
Early Psychiatry and its Therapeutic Methods
56 HORN, [Anton Ludwig] Ernst. OeVentliche Rechenschaft
über meine zwölfjährige Dienstführung als zweiter Arzt des
Königl. Charité-Krankenhauses zu Berlin, nebst Erfahrungen
über Krankenhäuser und Irrrenanstalten. Mit 6 Kupfern. Berlin,
Realschulbuchhandlung, 1818. £550
susanne schulz-falster rare books

8vo, pp. xii, 333, [1] errata, with Wve printed tables in the text and six
engraved fold-out plates bound at the end; contemporary pale-blue
glazed boards, spine ruled in gilt, gilt-lettered spine label; some wear to
foot of spine where a shelf-label has been removed; with discard stamp
of the Standesherrschaft Königsbrück and Sächsische Landesbibliothek
to title and verso of title; a very clean and crisp copy; manuscript note to
front free endpaper.
First edition of this detailed account of hospital management and procedures
by Anton Ludwig Ernst Horn, head of the Berlin Charité between
1806 and 1818. Horn begins with a brief description of the structure and
history of the Charité, before giving a very close account of its economic
situation, with detailed Wgures of patient numbers, expenses for pharmaceuticals,
food and drink, salaries, building and maintenance etc. In the
second half Horn concentrates on the mental hospital within the Charité,
of which he was the head physician. He gives a detailed account of medical
procedures and the treatment of patients. Sample therapy sessions are
described and analysed on the folding tables. Some of the more bizarre
equipment used to restrain and treat mental patients is illustrated on the
folding engraved plates at the end.
Horn (1774–1848) is generally considered the Wrst practicing psychiatrist
at the Charité Hospital. In the early nineteenth century psychiatry
as a scientiWc discipline was still in its infancy. It was generally believed
that mental illness was largely due to physical suVering, and mechanical
devices were used for therapeutic purposes. Horn was well-known for the
use of various restraining and coercive devices in his treatment of mental
patients, centrifugal devices, such as rotating beds and rotating chairs for
treatment of hysteria. Horn had to leave his position at the Charité, when
he was denounced by a colleague for his treatment of mental patients. This
publication was written as a documentation of his work at the Charité and
a defence of his procedures.
Not in Wellcome; OCLC lists National Library of Medicine, Chicago, and Yale.
Baltic German
57 [HUPEL, August W.] Idiotikon der deutschen Sprache in
Lief- und Ehstland (!). Nebst eingestreueten Winken für Liebhaber.
Riga, Johann Friedrich Hartknoch, 1795. £480
8vo, pp. xx, 272, [3] errata; paper lightly browned throughout; uncut
in contemporary blue boards, rebacked; ownership inscription to front
pastedown; a good copy.
First edition, uncommon, of this detailed study of the Baltic German
language as spoken in Lithuania and Estonia. Hupel (1737–1819) was a
specialist in Baltic history.
Zaunmüller 74; ADB XIII, 422V; OCLC lists Stanford, Berkeley, Newberry,
Chicago, Amsterdam and Oxford.
catalogue fourteen

58 [INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION.] Rapporto della
Pubblica Esposizione di Arti e Manifatture Toscane eseguita in
Firenze nel Settembre 1841 redatto da una Deputazione eletta
dalla Commissione incaricata dell’esame delle Manifatture e
dell’aggiudicazione de’ Premi. Florence, Piatti, 1841. £550
8vo, pp. xvi, 47, [1] blank, second signature misbound, but complete,
last signature folded; some insigniWcant worming to lower margin;
recent wrappers.
First edition of the oYcial report of the Second Tuscan Industrial Exhibition,
held in 1841. By Royal decree a one-month exhibition of the products
of Tuscan artisans and manufacturing industry had been organised in 1839,
to be repeated every third year. However, this second exhibition took place
a year early, to coincide with the national conference of Italian scientists.
The report begins with a running account of the various Welds included,
naming winners in the diVerent categories, but also pointing out general
developments in industry. Covered are silk, felt, leather, straw hats, wool,
cotton and linen manufacture, paper production, metal works, chemical
production, glass manufacture, optical instruments, and luxury goods.
The industrial exhibition is clearly designed to represent ‘unique’ industrial
products, rather than similar items from a variety of producers. At the end
the 120 exhibitors are listed, with their special product, and where applicable
the prizes won.
Not in Carpenter, European Industrial Exhibitions before 1851 and their Publications,
where the reports of the 1839 and the 1844 exhibitions are listed; uncommon,
KVK lists just one copy at Oxford, OCLC adds two more at Paris.
59 [INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION – MILAN 1824.] Atti
della Distribuzione dei Premi d’Industria fattari nel di 4 Ottobre
1824 onomastico di Sua Maestà I.R.A. da S. E. il Signor Conte di
Strassoldo. Milan, I.R. Stamperia, 1824. [With:] [MILAN 1826.]
Atti della Distribuzione dei Premi d’Industria fattari nel di 4 Ottobre
1826. Milan, I.R. Stamperia, 1826. £1000
Two works, tall 4to (310 x 218 mm), pp. 83, [1] blank; 68; bound
in glazed red paper boards, spine gilt, side with decorative gilt rule;
extremities somewhat rubbed, and surface split to joint of 1824 volume;
elegantly printed with very wide margins.
First edition, very rare, of these two sumptuous reports to celebrate the
prize winners of various categories in the Exhibition of National Industry
in Milan for the years 1824 and 1826. The clear intention was to encourage
industrial excellence in wide areas of production. The report, produced
for presentation purposes, is printed in the style of Bodoni, using widely
spaced typography and elegant wide margins.
In the Wrst section names and professions of the recipients of gold (Wve)
and silver medals (thirty) are given, followed by detailed descriptions of the
susanne schulz-falster rare books

prize-worthy products or inventions. A further section lists those whose
inventions received an ‘honourable mention’, again with details of production.
A speech in praise of industrial exhibitions by the minister of the
interior concludes the work. The prize winners came from a wide range
of industries: textile industry, including linen, silk, and cotton weaving;
mechanical engineering; scientiWc and medical instruments; but also food
and wine production. Throughout Europe governments subsidized and
encouraged industrial exhibitions in the hope of stimulating industrialisation
and exports. Prizes were given and reports published to extend the
impact of the exhibition beyond its actual running time. The Wrst record of
an exhibition report for Milan is apparently for 1808.
Goldsmiths’–Kress 20257.5 lists an earlier report of 1810, not found in Einaudi
or Mattioli; Carpenter European Industrial Exhibitions before 1851 and their Publications,
p. 483 lists only later reports for anywhere in Italy.
60 ITH, Johann Samuel. Versuch einer Anthropologie oder
Philosophie des Menschen nach seinen körperlichen Anlagen. Erster
Theil [–Zweyter Theil]. Bern, Emanuel Haller, 1794. £550
Two volumes, 8vo, pp. xiv, [2], 308, [4]; viii, 354, [5] contents and
errata; contemporary half calf, spine ruled in gilt, with blue gilt-lettered
spine label, marbled boards; a very attractive set.
First edition of this important contribution to the study of anthropology,
the philosophy of the human being according to his corporal disposition,
Johann Samuel Ith’s main work. Ith was one of the main representatives of
romantic anthropology. According to v. Humboldt he attempts to describe
in it Wrst ‘what is corporal, physiological, then the spiritual, psychological,
and then the human being in relation to physical objects around him’. Ith’s
studies proved a major inXuence on v. Humboldt’s work on comparative
anthropology.
The Swiss philosopher, theologian and anthropologist Ith (1747–1813)
studied at Göttingen and Berlin, and later returned to Bern to teach at
the Academy. Here he became involved in the reform of the Bern school
system.
ADB XIV, 643 V; NDB X, 203; see Petermann, Geschichte der Ethnologie, p. 282.
Dialogues in Hell between Machiavelli and Montesquieu
61 [JOLY, Maurice.] Dialogue aux Enfers entre Machiavel et
Montesquieu ou La Politique de Machiavel au XIXe siècle. Brussels,
A. Mertens et Wls, 1864. £650
8vo, pp. [iv], [iv] advertisement, 337, [1] blank, [1] errata;
contemporary half red roan over marbled boards, spine gilt in
compartments, corners worn and extremities rubbed; section cut
oV from front free endpaper, with nineteenth century ownership
inscription to title and verso of half-title.
catalogue fourteen

First edition of Maurice Joly’s political satire against Napoleon III. Machiavelli
and Montesquieu enter into a dialectic argument about the nature of
power, Machiavelli supports the power of the state as ultimate authority,
Montesquieu oVers the contrasting liberal thesis. The book was banned by
the Napoleonic government and conWscated, which accounts for its rarity.
The work took on a more sinister second life, when it was plagiarised and
its ‘worldwide conspiracy’ motif was used in anti-Semitic and anti-Zionist
propaganda in the Russian The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, (published
1903), which alleged a Zionist plot to achieve world domination.
Uncommon, for further details on the Protocols, see H. L. Rubinstein, The Jews in
the Modern World, and the Jewish Encyclopedia.
St. Petersburg Printing
62 JOVELLANOS, Gaspar Melchior. L’Identité de l’Intérêt
général avec l’Intérêt individuel, ou la libre action de l’Intérêt
individual est la vraie source des richesses des nations. Principe
exposé dans le rapport sur un projet de loi agraire, adressé au conseil
supreme de Castille au nom de la société économique de Madrid. St.
Petersburg, Drechsler, 1806. £750
8vo, pp. [x], 282, printed on thick paper; contemporary full calf, spine
decorated in gilt, gilt-lettered spine label, sides with gilt rule; a.e.g.;
extremities a little rubbed, but a Wne copy.
First edition in French of this landmark in liberal reform in the Spanish enlightenment.
First published in 1795, Jovellanos’ ‘Informe ... en el expediente
de la ley agraria’, is translated by Rouvier and dedicated to the Russian minister
of the Interior, count de Kotchoubey. Together with Campomanes,
Jovellanos was the main exponent of Spanish economic Liberalism, a heroic
statesman dedicated to progressive change in a conservative society.
The present work is in fact a report made to the Supreme Council of
Castille for the Sociedad Económica of Madrid. ‘The document, still a classic
in Spain, contains a clear and methodical exposition of the obstacles to
Spanish agricultural progress, obstacles including not only the nature of
the soil and adverse climatic conditions, but also existing law and custom.
To remedy the situation he advocated irrigation and improved roads, the
break up, for sale or lease, of the commons and waste lands, the abrogation
of the privileges of the Mesta and the education of the peasants. He
favoured free trade in grain within the country but objected to its export
and believed that its importation should be limited.’ (IESS). Jovellanos was
strongly inXuenced by Adam Smith whom he cites here, and in fact he
translated parts of the Wealth of Nations. ‘Jovellanos wrote boldly and extensively
on other questions of economic policy but his fame as an economist
rests largely on his treatise on agrarian reform’ (Robert Sydney Smith, The
Wealth of Nations in Spain and Hispanic America 1780–1830, JPE 65, no.
2, pp. 106–108).
susanne schulz-falster rare books

It is interesting to note that this Wrst French translation was published
in St. Petersburg, sumptuously produced and with a more political title,
which pointedly indicates the convergence of private and public interest.
Jovellanus, who had a rather varied political career, was in the late 1790s
called to become Ambassador to Russia, but before he left Spain was made
instead Minister of Justice; shortly afterward, however, he was arrested
again for political reasons and spent the following seven years in exile in
Mallorca.
Goldsmiths’–Kress 19186; OCLC lists copies at Yale and NEHA only; see Colmeiro
235 and Palau 125242 for Wrst edition.
Dialogues of the Dead with Jud Süß-Oppenheimer
63 [JUDAICA.] Merckwürdige Staats-Assemblée in dem Reiche
derer Todten zwischen einem ganz besondern Klee-Blat; oder
Dreyen unartigen Staats-Ministern, Nemlich: dem Duc de Ripperda,
Dem Grafen von Hoymb, und dem Juden Süß-Oppenheimer,
davon der Erstere, als ein Welt-berüchtigter Avanturier, verwichenes
Jahr, in der Barbarey gestorben; Der Andere sich, vor zweyen
Jahren, auf der berühmten Berg- Festung Königstein in Sachsen,
selbst erhenckt, und der Dritte nur letzhin, in Stuttgards, gehangen
worden. Welche nicht allein einander ihre besondern Fata erzehlen;
desgleichen über das Steigen und Fallen bey Hofe, oder dahin
einschlagende Materien discutiren; sondern auch, über ein gewisses
wunderliches Project von Staats-Sachen, wichtige ReXexiones
machen, allen curiosen Gemüthern, zu beliebigem eigenen
Nachdencken, ans Licht gestellet. Amsterdam, Hermann van der
Haue, [vere: Regensburg, Bader], 1738. £980
4to, engraved frontispiece, pp. [vi], 192; light even browning
throughout, due to paper quality; contemporary boards, rather worn,
extremities chipped and corners bumped, faint library stamp to lower
corners of title page, and shelf mark to foot of spine.
First edition and only edition, uncommon, of an anonymous work in the
tradition of the ‘dialogues of the dead’, which were exceedingly popular in
Germany in the eighteenth century, after the success of Fassmann’s periodical.
This dialogue juxtaposes three historical Wgures: count von Hoymb, a
diplomat in the service of the elector of Saxony, who committed suicide by
hanging himself, the Duke de Ripperda, a political adventurer, who died
at Tetuan in 1737 after he had been deposed as prime minister of Spain,
and Wnally Süss-Oppenheimer, a German Wnancier and Privy Councilor of
Finance for the Duke of Württemberg, who became the victim of an anti-
Semitic campaign, and was executed in a judicial murder. The dialogues,
Wrst just between Hoymb and Ripperda, cover questions of political responsibility
and morality. They conclude, under the inXuence of current
catalogue fourteen

events, with Süss-Oppenheimer as the third protagonist. He is depicted as
the archetypal Jew, and with contemporary anti-Semitic prejudice clearly
noticeable.
However, it is interesting to note, that the political debate on Oppenheimer’s
Wnancial reforms, and his successful management of the Duke of
Württemberg’s state Wnances, which included extensive modernisation and
reform of the economy, is depicted in an exceedingly positive light. The
dialogues give a fascinating insight into the public response to the fate of
Oppenheimer, and by extension a good view of the contemporary political
and social debate.
Faber du Faur 1752; Weller I, p. 80; a pirated edition in two parts was published
the following year.
Peace in Europe – Ask the Philosophers
64 KANT, Immanuel. Projet de Paix perpétuelle. Essai
philosophique par Emanuel Kant. Traduit de l’Allemand avec un
nouveau supplément de l’Auteur. Königsberg, Frédéric Nicolovius,
1796. £1350
8vo, pp. [ii], 114; contemporary sprinkled boards, paper label to spine,
extremities a little rubbed, and corners bumped; a good copy.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

First edition in French of Kant’s important essay Zum ewigen Frieden (Wrst
published in 1795), and presumably the edition in which it was read in
most of Europe. This publication is a clear outcome of the growing emphasis
and reliance on international relations in modern politics. Kant, who
knew Rousseau’s Extrait du Projet de Paix perpetuelle, which in turn was
based on Castel de Saint-Pierre’s fundamental work of the beginning of
the eighteenth century, here details the basis of practical paciWsm. In his
far-reaching analysis of preconditions for the establishment of peace, Kant
anticipates twentieth century developments, such as the League of Nations
and the United Nations Charter. ‘The social order that Kant recommended,
based as it was on his analysis of man’s nature, would permit a maximum
of individual freedom and competition, yet would have enough power
to restrain this freedom whenever it threatened to produce oppression or
anarchy. He proposed a similar system for international aVairs; each separate
state should be free to run its own aVairs, but a supranational federation
of sovereign states would have enough power to regulate international relations
and prevent war’ (IESS).
This Wrst French edition is of importance in its own right, since it actually
contains a second supplement not included in the original German edition
of the previous year. The additional Article secret pour la Paix perpétuelle, was
later reprinted in the second German edition. Here Kant recommends that
the authorities of the state should consult the philosophers on the questions
of peace or war. No information on the identity of the translator is
available. It seems evident however that it was not by Kant himself, as the
translation is not particularly faithful, some of the footnotes have been cut,
others left out.
Not in Warda, see Warda 154 for Wrst edition.
From Samuel Grubbe’s Library
65 KANT, Immanuel. Über Pädagogik. Herausgegeben von
D. Friedrich Theodor Rink. Königsberg, Friedrich Nicolovius,
1803. £650
8vo, pp. vi, 146; entirely uncut in contemporary boards, spine partially
lettered in manuscript; extremities a little bent, else a Wne and crisp;
from the library of the Swedish philosopher Samuel Grubbe.
First edition of Kant’s only speciWc contribution to educational theory.
Kant, as professor of Logic and Metaphysics at Königsberg also had to
lecture on subsidiary subjects, such as education. He handed his lecture
notes to his friend, Theodor Rink, and they were Wnally published in 1803,
a year before Kant’s death.
This brief treatise, in itself not a systematic study of educational theories
but a collection of thoughts and maxims, shows Kant strongly inXuenced
by Rousseau’s Emile. Just like Rousseau he writes about ‘education according
to nature’, but stresses that children should be treated as children and
not as adults in miniature. According to Kant ‘man’ is the only creature
catalogue fourteen

to need education, which includes nurture, discipline, and moral training
with a view to the formation of character and instruction. Education of
small children needs to contain a large element of discipline, whereas older
children should be encouraged to think for themselves.
[Provenance:] From the library of the Swedish philosopher of the Uppsala
school Samuel Grubbe (1786–1853). Grubbe, who was very much in
the tradition of Kantian philosophy, is of particular importance as a teacher
of nineteenth century Swedish philosophers.
Borst 946; Warda 219.
Recipes for Lacquer and Varnish
66 [LACQUER.] Neu entdeckte Lacquir-Kunst: oder
Gründliche Anweisung, wie man nicht nur unterschiedliche
bissher geheim gehaltene kostbare Lacquen, insonderheit den
so genannten Eisen- und raren weissen Lacq ohne grosse Mühe
und Unkosten verfertigen, sondern auch den biss izo unbekanten
Gummi Copal leichtlich und bald auXösen könne, nebst einen
Anhange unterschiedlicher curieuser und nützlicher Kunst-Stücke,
herausgegeben von einem curiosorum Experimentorum Amatore.
Dresden and Leipzig, Johann Nicolaus Gerlach, 1742. £750
8vo, pp. 112, title page in red and black, decorative initial and woodcut
head-piece; contemporary boards, extremities rubbed, joints splitting,
and head of spine chipped; front pastedown with manuscript notes.
Later edition of an often-produced guide to workshop recipes for the production
and application of lacquers and varnishes, Wrst published in 1708.
Amongst others, recipes for lacquering engravings and paintings, wooden
furniture, and other surfaces are given, with details both of their composition
and application. Colour recipes, both simple and marbled, gilt,
perfumed, and with varying Wnishes are described with detailed recipes,
including those using ‘gummi copal’, a kind of fossilised tree resin, together
with recipes for Chinese lacquer and Venetian lacquer, surfaces for mirrors,
various types of glue, and methods for transferring engravings onto glass.
This is interspersed with general recipes for secrets, such permanent and
vanishing ink, and medical ones, such as snuV, remedies for nose-bleeds,
fever and other ailments.
At the time, this kind of information would have been regarded as a
trade secret and the anonymous author refers to it in his introduction. He
blames the masters of the trade for keeping this vital information secret,
and charging huge sums in apprenticeship premiums, even though the basic
principles could be learnt within a week – as he sets out to prove in this
manual. Despite frequent reprints, presumably with slightly varying recipes,
not many copies of this workshop manual have survived.
OCLC records copies at the Getty, Oberlin College, Cincinnati, Othmer Library
(Philadelphia), and Harvard.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

Ice Cream, Marzipan, Liqueur, and Perfume
67 LANDRIANI, GioseVantonio. La Pratica del Distillatore, e
Confettiere Italiano... In cui s’insegna a far Conserve di Frutti, e
di Agrumi, ed a formar Gelati, Marzapani, e Rosolj d’ogni qualità.
Coll’aggiunta di un nuovo metodo facilissimo per fare i Rosolj,
RataWa e per fare l’Acqua di Colonia ec. Ec. Milan, Giovanni
Silvestri, 1815. £850
12mo, pp. 96; entirely uncut and partly unopened in contemporary
paste-paper wrappers; a very Wne copy.
First edition with the additions on rose water and perfume, of this very
rare guide to the production of sorbets, ice creams, marzipan and fruit
conserves. Of particular interest is the detailed description of cream ices
and frozen custard, made with eggs, cream and sugar rather than Xavoured
water and sugar. Detailed instructions are given for the production of ices
in the shape of various fruits – still today a mainstay of the elegant Italian
gelateria. The second part is devoted to various recipes for marzipan, and
the manufacture of marzipan fruits and vegetables. Smaller sections deal
with liqueurs and Xavoured drinks. An additional chapter covers the production
of rose liqueur, and eau de cologne (Spirito composto, detto Acqua di
Colonia), giving a detailed description of its preparation.
Landriani’s work is very rare indeed, and bibliographically confusing.
The culinary bibliographies tend to give the 1816 edition as the Wrst, even
though the work was in fact Wrst published in 1795, with this 1815 edition
being the Wrst enlarged. The work was reprinted in 1816, 1820, and
1823.
Rare, this second edition not in B.IN.G, Paleari, Westbury, Vicaire or Bitting; no
copy of this Wrst edition found in RLIN, OCLC or NUC; see B.IN.G 1084 and
1085 for later editions.
The Founder of National Statistics
68 LAVOISIER, Antoine Laurent. Résultats extraits d’un
Ouvrage intitulé: De la Richesse territoriale du Royaume de France;
Ouvrage dont la rédaction n’est point encore achevée: Remis au
Comité de l’Imposition, par M. Lavoisier. Imprimé par ordre de
l’Assemblée Nationale. Paris, l’Imprimerie Nationale. 1791. £2800
8vo, pp. [ii], 48; uncut in the original wrappers, bound with three
folding broadsides; a very Wne copy.
First edition, very rare, of this major contribution to the history of political
economy, the Wrst entirely modern assessment of economic and demographic
data for policy decisions. Lavoisier was the founder of national
statistics and records in this work for the Wrst time what is now known as
the law of probability (Duveen and Klickstein). ‘Son texte le plus impor-
catalogue fourteen

tant, De la Richesse territoriale du Royaume de France constitue la première
étude moderne des resources démographiques et économiques de la nation.
Il y fait oeuvre de novateur, demande la creation d’un bureau national de la
statistique et met en place une comptabilité nationale: c’est la naissance de
l’économie quantitative’ (Poirier).
This brief résumé, the only form in which La richesse territoriale de la
France was published until the 19th century, is exceedingly rare. It is necessary
to distinguish it from a facsimile reprint which was published around
1810, which was set up with the same title page, the same year of publication,
but can be distinguished by the diVerence in type (see Duveen &
Klickstein 264/6).
Bound with the pamphlet are two broadsides and one eight-page pamphlet
documenting the reports sent back to Lavoisier in response to his
questionnaire which had been prepared to gather the data for his study.
Duveen & Klickstein 264; Einaudi 3272; INED 2690; Mattioli 1943; not in Kress
or Goldsmiths’ catalogue, but in Kress collection; for a detailed analysis see Perrot,
‘Lavoisier, l’Auteur de La Richesse territoriale du Royaume de France’ in: Un
histoire intellectuelle de l’Économie Politique, 1992, pp. 377–437.
National Heritage Protected by Law
69 [LAW – ART PROTECTION.] Chirografo della Santità
di nostro Signore Papa Pio VII in data del primo Ottobre 1802.
sulle Antichità, e Belle Arti in Roma, e nello Stato Ecclesiastico.
Con editto dell’ Eo, e Rmo Signor Cardinal Giuseppe Doria
Pamphili pro-Camerlengo di Santa Chiese. Rome, Lazzarini,
Camera Apostolica, 1802. [Together with:] Editto dell’ Emo e Rmo
Sig. Cardinal Pacca, Camerlengo di S. Chiesa sopra le Antichità, e
gli Scavi, publicato li 7. Aprile 1820. Rome, Vincenzo Poggioli,
Camera Apostolica, 1820. £6500
Two works; Folio, pp. 16; 14, [2] blank; both with papal arms to title
page; uncut and folded, as issued; wrap-around title a little spotted (no.
I) and stained (no. II), but generally very clean and crisp.
First edition, very rare, of these two highly important documents, which
constitute the Wrst attempt to regulate the exportation of works of art and
to protect national heritage.
In 1802 Pope Pius VII enacted new regulations for the Vatican in order
to protect the heritage. He requested that an art registry of all kinds of immovable
and movable pieces of art, belonging either to the church or to
private citizens be listed, and their export prohibited. This formed the Wrst
step toward cultural heritage planning and was the beginning of a comprehensive
body of law preserving national heritage.
The Wrst comprehensive body of laws on this subject was the edict produced
by Cardinal Pacca and promulgated on 7th April 1820. It was intended
to regulate the licences for digging (which despite all the attempts
susanne schulz-falster rare books

paid in the past, were still out of the control of the authorities); it aimed
at checking the exportations of Wne goods by introducing heavy taxes; and
it formed the foundation for an inventory map of the Wne arts that had to
be strictly controlled by the Vatican. It also drafted a system of administrative
bodies appointed to guarantee the preservation of the heritage through
a permanent committee based in Rome and other representatives spread
across the territory.
On the basis of this legal framework Canova argued for the restitution of
antiquities and ancient masterpieces. He maintained that art and antiquities
were part of a context from which they neither could nor should be
removed, and that it was the context that gave them their fullest meaning.
Montorsi 28.1.24 and 28.1.43; OCLC lists copies at Louisiana State, the UYzi
in Florence and University of Leiden; for further information see Christoph M. S.
Johns, Antonio Canova and the Politics of Patronage, 2003; F. Bottani, L’Italia dei
Tesori, Legislazione dei beni culturali, p. 73.
catalogue fourteen

Founding Charter of the Vienna Bourse – No Women Traders
70 [LAW – VIENNA BOURSE – BÖRSENPATENT.] Wir
Maria Theresia von Gottes Gnaden Römische Kaiserinn... Es soll
in Unserer K.K. Haupt- und Residenz-Stadt Wien vom 1. nachst
künftigen Monats September anzufangen, eine öVentlich Börse
errichtet, diese duch einen eigends anzustellenden Kaiserl. Königl
Commissarium ordentlich eröVnet. Vienna, 1. August 1771. £950
Folio, pp. 12, folded, unbound.
First edition of the founding document of the Vienna bourse. The Vienna
bourse was founded in the reign of Empress Maria Theresia for the express
purpose of providing a market of government issued bonds. Apparently
there had been an initial inquiry in 1761, which led to the issue of this
Börsenpatent on August 1, 1771. In thirty-one separate chapters the rules
of the bourse are outlined. This includes regular opening hours, a military
guard, an express ban on women traders, all bond and stock dealings to
be executed at the bourse alone, and only by listed traders (Sensalen). The
traders were subject to stringent restrictions, to avoid ‘insider trading’ or
other Wnancial irregularities: they were not allowed to work for individual
customers, may not accept payments, may not deal on their own account,
may not accept work oVers from trading Wrms, and may be suspended.
A speciWc feature of the Vienna Bourse was that right from the beginning
it was under the control of a government appointed oYcial. The main
purpose of the bourse was the restriction of usurious interest rates and
monopolies.
Felix Czeike, Historisches Lexikon Wien I, p. 427; see Baltzarek, F. Die Geschichte
der Wiener Börse. Öffentliche Finanzen und privates Kapital im Spiegel einer österreichischen
Wirtschaftsinstitution. 1973.
Famous Libraries in Europe and the Far East
71 [LE GALLOIS, Pierre.] A Critical and historical account
of all the celebrated libraries in Foreign Countries, as well Ancient
as Modern. With General ReXections upon the choice of Books,
and the Method of furnishing Libraries. London, J. JolliVe,
1739. £1250
12mo, pp. [x], 206, woodcut initials and head-pieces, contemporary
panelled calf, spine gilt in compartments, extremities a little rubbed;
from the MacclesWeld Library, with the North Library book-plate,
embossed stamp to title, and shelf mark in ink to front pastepaper; an
attractive copy.
First edition in English, abridged of Pierre Le Gallois’ Traité de plus belles
Bibliothèques de l’Europe, (1680). The translation was apparently prepared
by John Kelly.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

Le Gallois presents a virtual tour of libraries around Europe and beyond,
pointing out their history, highlights in their holdings, and other notable
information. The early chapters, covering Hebrew, Egyptian, Phoenician,
Greek and Roman libraries amongst others, are more historical, and give
general information on book collecting and libraries. The later sections on
‘modern’ libraries cover in individual chapters both private and public libraries
in the Nordic countries, Flanders and Holland, Germany, France,
Italy and especially the Vatican, Spain, but also extend beyond Europe and
cover China, Japan, Ethiopia, and Turkey (both Mohamedan and Christian
libraries). As Le Gallois writes in the preface, the purpose of the publication
is two-fold, on the one hand he wants to draw attention to famous
collections, at the same time he wants to provide a service to travelling
individuals.
Le Gallois concludes with some advice on book collecting and the choice
of books in general. He does not come down speciWcally on either side of
the debate of small choice collections versus large comprehensive libraries,
but maintains that it depends on circumstance and research needs. ‘In the
choice of books regard must be had to the Edition, Character, Paper, and
Binding’ ... as for price, he mocks those, who choose items just for their
‘exorbitant price’.
A second edition of the English version was published in 1740.
ESTCt34411; see Bigmore & Wyman I 239 for French edition.
Are State-run Lotteries Illegal or Just Immoral?
72 [LOTTERY.] Ueber die Rechtmässigkeit der Lotterien,
insbesonderheit der Zahlenlotterien. Ein pro und contra vom Hrn.
Geh. Justizrath Pütter und von einem Ungenannten. 1781. £680
8vo, pp. 76, with two printed folding tables; Wnal table browned
due to paper quality, else clean; contemporary green boards, spine
label, remains of shelf-mark to foot of spine, spine a little rubbed and
discoloured, a good copy.
First edition of this response to Pütter’s contribution on the legality of lotteries,
a brief pamphlet published the year before. The anonymous author
basically reprints Pütter’s original, with an extensive running commentary.
He maintains that Pütter had only cited all the arguments against lotteries,
rather than giving a balanced view, even though he does agree with the
general rejection of lotteries on moral grounds.
The debate had been caused by the spreading of the ‘Lotto di Genova’
all over Europe, introduced and sanctioned by the governments, and open
to all, oVering a chance of life-changing winnings to the general public
and not just the rich. By the second half of the century concern about the
supposed excessive earnings of the ‘entrepreneurs’ who were running the
lotteries increased. Lotteries had been run on diVerent Wnancial schemes
either rental, share or wage contracts, with varying contractual arrange-
catalogue fourteen

ments proposed by the authorities. But by the end of the century the share
of the proWts claimed by government were ever increasing, and they became
mostly state-run.
Uncommon, OCLC lists just one copy in Munich.
Venetian Decline Foretold
73 MAFFEI, Scipio. Consiglio Politico Wnora inedito presentato
al Governo Veneto nell’anno 1736. Venice, Palese, 1797. £900
8vo, pp. 128; contemporary pale yellow boards, spine lettered in
manuscript; short tear to gutter margin, from the Giannalisa Feltrinelli
library with printed book label to front paste-down.
Rare Wrst edition of MaVei’s prophetic analysis of Venetian decline written
after his extensive European fact-Wnding trip in the early 1730s. The
Consiglio politico, which he wrote in 1737 shortly after his return and which
was addressed to the Venetian government but certainly circulated among
the patricians inside and outside the city, remained unpublished until 1797
because of the delicate problems it raised. It was rediscovered in 1797, the
year when the Peace of Campo Formio brought the Venetian Republic
to an end. MaVei’s exposure of Venetian weakness in the face of the other
European States seemed to the patriots of the late eighteenth century truly
prophetic. This text can be compared with Montesquieu, some aspects
of whose work MaVei anticipates, for example in his analysis of the three
powers and in his choice of an advanced political model along the lines of
susanne schulz-falster rare books

the English system.’ (Carpanetto & Ricuperati, Italy in the Age of Reason
1685–1789, pp. 125–127).
MaVei discussed the complex system of balance of power in the Venetian
government, which excluded the local ruling classes from involvement in
state policy. He proposed a daring solution, and used the Roman Republic
as the most obvious example. There, according to MaVei, had been a transfer
of power from the people to the Senate with the progressive involvement
of the conquered populations, paciWed and absorbed with full rights
into the Roman system. Venice too, MaVei suggested, should extend the
privileges of the capital city to the whole country, including the representation
not only of urban patricians but also of the producing classes, merchants
and artisans. The civil transformation of Venetian society (and more
generally that of Italy) had to start with the political, moral and intellectual
reform of this patriciate’.
Illuminismo Italiano alla Fondazione Feltrinelli 326; see Silvestri Giuseppe, Un europeo
de Settecento Scipione Maffei, Treviso, 1954, pp. 169–170; L. Rossi, Un precursore
di Montesquieu: Scipione Maffei in Scritti vari di diritto pubblico, VI, Milano,
1941, 1941, pp. 75–240.
A Pioneer of Modern Political Journalism
74 MALLET DU PAN, Jacques [editor]. Mercurio Britannico
ossia Notizie storico-critiche sugli aVari attuali. Vol. I [–Vol. V].
London, G. and C. Spilesbury Snow-Hill, Venice, Francesco
Andreola, 1798–1800. £750
Thirty-six issues bound in Wve volumes, 8vo, pp. viii, 705 (pagination
jumps from 8 to 15, but complete (issues 1 –8); 578 (issues 9–16);
578, [8] (issues 17–24); 578, (issues 25–32); 298 (issues 33–36);
occasional light spotting and foxing, vol. IV tear to foremargin of K3
with loss, vol. V, Ii3 with paper fault, resulting in loss of one letter;
bound in contemporary full mottled sheep, spine in compartments,
ruled in gilt, gilt-lettered spine label; extremities a little rubbed, but in
all a Wne and attractive set.
First edition in Italian of Mallet du Pan’s Mercure Britannique, his political
journal, published in England after Mallet du Pan had been driven from
France and Switzerland. A true pan-European enterprise, the journal was
published more or less simultaneously in French, English and Italian, and
was a signiWcant political force. The work is an important source of political
and social commentary with a clearly anti-revolutionary stance, but
diVerent from other émigrés Mallet du Pan remained an important semiobjective
observer and critic of the French Revolution. The articles contained
in the journal are wide-ranging and cover political, social and economic
events from all over Europe, and included contributions by Malouet,
Gentz and other European Wgures.
One particularly interesting example of Mallet du Pan’s style of investigative
journalism is his denouncement of the looting that had gone on during
catalogue fourteen

the French campaigns in Italy after 1794, especially under Napoleon (no.
X, 10 January 1799, later reprinted separately). He outlines the extent of
the damage with detailed information of monetary losses suVered by the
individual dukedoms, kingdoms and provincial governments, through the
looting of banks and city coVers. With great eVect, he speciWes the cultural
damage done by pointing out that more than Wve hundred paintings by
Raphael, Titian, Correggio and Carraccio have been stolen. Famous libraries,
containing the collections of Haller’s herbal and anatomical plates,
Spallanzani’s library, and endless priceless volumes of manuscripts have
been dispersed from the Ambrosiana, the Vatican library, and countless
other institutions.
Mallet du Pan (1749–1800), Swiss political and social critic is generally
regarded as a pioneer of modern political journalism. He studied in Geneva,
but left an academic career for the more exciting career of a publicist.
After collaborations with Linguet on the Annales historiques, he founded the
Memoires historiques, politiques et litteraires sur l’etat present de l’Europe, which
later merged with the Mercure de France. As its political editor he supported
the aristocratic adherents of constitutional government, but gradually his
political opinions veered more to the right. He emigrated to Switzerland in
1792 and in 1798 to England, where he founded the Mercure Britannique,
which he edited until his early death in 1800.
A detailed index to the Wrst twenty-four issues is provided at the end of
volume three. Due to the death of Mallet du Pan the journal was discontinued
in 1800 and issue thirty-six concludes with his obituary.
See Cioranescu 42081, Graesse IV, 454, Hatin 282 and Martin & Walter 913 for
French edition; for further information see France Acomb, Mallet Du Pan, 1973.
The First Marck Sale
75 [MARCK – AUCTION CATALOGUE.] Bibliotheca
Marckiana, continens Theologicos, Juridicos, Politico, Philosophicos,
Medicos, Historiam naturalem, Mathematicos, Geographicos,
Chronologicos, Historicos, Genealogicos, Heraldicos, Vitas &
Elegia, ... quorum omnium publica siet Auctio. in Taberna Libraria
Abrahami de Hondt, Bibliopolae ad diem 31. Octobr. & sequent.
1712. The Hague, Abraham de Hondt, 1712. £1450
Three parts in one volume, 8vo, engraved title by Bernard Picart, pp.
[xviii], 192; 250; 284, [1] one leaf bound in with mss addition of the
individual sales totals; decorative initials and head- and tail-pieces;
contemporary full calf, spine in compartments, decoratively gilt, sides
with triple gilt rule; head and tail of spine chipped, joints worn and
corners rubbed; from the library of Henry Grey, Duke of Kent with his
book-plate to front paste-down.
First edition, rare, of this extensive priced auction catalogue of the Marck
library. Nearly nine and a half thousand titles are listed, divided by format
susanne schulz-falster rare books

and then in detailed subject groupings. Areas covered include predictably
theology, but also law, politics, philosophy, history, medicine, emblem and
illustrated books, mathematics, and travel. The collection includes many
15th and 16th century books as well as early manuscripts. The catalogue is
priced throughout in a contemporary hand, with a Wnal adding up of the
sales’ total on a separate leaf bound in at the end. Because of its comprehensiveness
this auction catalogue was recommended in early bibliographical
manuals (Struve-Jugler and Schelhorn, Anleitung für Bibliothekare und
Archivare, 1791).
There appears to be some confusion as to whose library this really was:
NUC puts it under Henricus Hadrianus van der Marck, the British Library
under Joannes à Marck, a professor of theology and Blogie attributes the
catalogue to Thomas Nicolaas van der Marck.
The books, or at least a large proportion of them, were in 1727 sold
at auction again, entitled Bibliotheca Marckiana, but then with the owner
Henricus Hadrianus van der Marck mentioned on the title, this time the
auction was conducted by Petrus de Hondt, the son of Abraham. ‘Except
for the somewhat greater proportion of incunabula and books from early
catalogue fourteen

sixteenth century presses in the 1727 catalogue, the character of the catalogues
is similar’ (Taylor, p. 252).
[Provenance:] From the library of Henry Grey (died 1741), the Duke
of Kent, with his engraved book plate (1713) to front paste-down and a
further bookplate by Thomas Philip, Earl de Grey of Wrest Park on the
inside front cover.
Taylor, A. Book catalogues. Their varieties and uses, New York, 1986, p. 252; Blogie
IV, 7; Book Sales of the Dutch Republic 414; Peignot p. 112.
The Practicalities of Army Life
76 [MEDICUS, Heinrich.] Was ist jedem OYcier während eines
Feldzugs zu wissen noethig. Mit zehn Kupfern. Carlsruhe, Schmier,
1789. £680
8vo, pp. [ii], x, 12, 136, with ten folding engraved plates bound at the
end; plates a little creased, some marginal spotting throughout, stronger
to title; contemporary boards.
Second edition, Wrst published the year before, of this comprehensive treatise
on the practicalities of army life, the art of planning and laying-out
encampments, details of basic equipment and how to arrange it, army beds,
Weld kitchens etc. The large folding plates show encampments, army tents,
storage for riXes, a perfectly made-up army camp bed, cooking equipment
etc. In his charming introduction, Medicus writes that he aims to provide
information all oYcers need, but may be too embarrassed to ask for, for
fear of losing face.
Medicus (1743–1794), a professional army oYcer, was major and chief
of the Baden light cavalry (Husarencorps). This is his only publication,
susanne schulz-falster rare books

the Wrst edition was privately published the year before, and because of
its success reprinted here by a professional publisher. A Danish translation
followed the same year, and a second German edition in 1793. The work
met with great approval in Berlin, Copenhagen, Stockholm, Vienna and the
Hague (Gradmann, p. 369).
OCLC lists just three copies, at the Society of the Cincinnati, Newberry Library,
and Göttingen; Gradmann, Das gelehrte Schwaben, p. 369.
Beware of Napoleon
77 MELLISH, Joseph Charles. Eine Brille für kurzsichtige
Politiker von Joseph Charles Mellish von Blyth in der Grafschaft
Nottingham, Esquire, Königlich-Preussischem Kammerherrn. [n.p.,
n.p.] [Hildburghausen], February, 1804. £320
8vo, pp. 47, [1] blank; uncut in the original printed wrappers, with
errata on lower wrapper, printed on pale blue paper; wrappers a little
dog-eared and with faint damp traces; an attractive copy.
First edition of Mellish’s only political work. Mellish, an English diplomat
and Prussian Kammerherr living in Weimar, here issues a general warning
against trusting Napoleon’s promises, and maintains that his political intentions
are clearly expansionist. With some foresight Mellish warns that only
a united Europe will be able to resist Napoleon: ‘Ganz Europa muss sich
bald vereinigen, Bonaparte in Schranken zu halten, oder zufrieden seyn in
dem allgemeinen Namen Frankreichs den Namen Europa verschlungen zu
sehen.’
Joseph Charles Mellish (1769–1823), was educated at Eton and Cambridge
and admitted to Lincoln’s Inn. He became British Consul at Louisiana
in 1809, and later held the same position in Hamburg. He is best
known for his translations of Goethe and Schiller.
Goedecke XIII, 156,5 5; uncommon, KVK lists copies at Göttingen, Jena and
Wolfenbüttel, OCLC adds a copy at Florida State University.
The Weakness of Academics – Exposed by Mencken
78 [MENCKEN, Johann Burkhard.] De la Charlatanerie des
Savans ... avec des Remarques critiques de diVerens Auteurs. The
Hague, Jean van Duren, 1721. £500
Small 8vo, engraved frontispiece, pp. [xl], 242, [38] index; title
printed in red and black, Wnely engraved title vignette; contemporary
manuscript note to front free endpaper and title page; contemporary full
sheep, spine gilt in compartments, head of spine chipped, some surface
wear to boards, with some inoVensive worm damage to lower board,
corners bumped; a clean and fresh copy from the Donaueschingen
library, with small stamp to verso of title and the characteristic shelf
labels to spine.
catalogue fourteen

First edition in French of this outspoken exposé of the ‘charlatanry of the
learned’, which was Wrst published in Latin in 1715 and translated by David
Durand, with additional remarks by contemporary critics. Menken pillories
the propensity of scholars to be fooled and tracks down quacks of all sorts.
He gives a comic review of the foibles of scholars, their vanity, and their
gullibility when confronted with fakes or frauds, their loud-mouthed advertising
methods, their money-grabbing publishing deals, etc. His claims are
supported by detailed bibliographical references, and an extensive index.
The Wnely engraved frontispiece shows the world as a stage, under the heading
‘Mundus vult decipi’ (the world wants to be deceived).
Interestingly, an extensive twenty-eight page catalogue of books available
at van Duren’s is included, listing amongst the newly published books
not only Mencken’s treatise, but also Law’s Considerations sur le Commerce,
Swift’s Conte du Tonneau, and Locke’s Du Gouvernement Civile.
With this work the historian and writer Mencken (1674–1732) became
famous throughout Europe, with translations and reprints being published
throughout the Wrst half of the eighteenth century. He is also known as the
founder of the well-known biographical dictionary, Jöcher’s Gelehrtenlexicon
(Wrst 1715). The enthusiasm for exposing the quackery of the learned
seems to have run in the family: the American literary critic H. L. Mencken
was a descendant, and in 1937 published an English translation.
See Faber du Faur 1738 for German translation; NDB XVII, p. 34.
Letters on Italy
79 MERCIER DUPATY, C.-M, Jean Baptiste. Lettres sur l’Italia
en 1785. Tome Premier [–Tome Second]. Rome, Paris, de Senne,
1788. £350
Two volumes in one, 8vo, pp. viii, 320; iv, 320; title vignette and
decorative endpieces; some light foxing, else clean; contemporary calfbacked
paste-paper boards; spine gilt, with contrasting gilt-lettered
spine labels; sides rubbed; an attractive copy.
First edition, uncommon, of Mercier Dupaty’s Wrst-hand account in one
hundred and Wfteen letters on Italy, beginning with the south of France
and Geneva, and covering Lucca, Pisa, Florence, Rome and Naples. Clearly
interested in economic aspects, local custom, and social institutions, the
author gives a fascinating view of the natural and artistic beauty of Italy.
The work proved highly popular, was frequently reprinted and translated
into English the same year.
Mercier Dupaty (1746–88), a French magistrate and academician, who
carried the enlightened ideas of Beccaria and Voltaire into the courts and
contributed to the reform of the legal system in France.
Barbier II, 1293; Cioranescu 26684; D’Ancona 610–611; Fossati-Bellani 409–418
(later edition).
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Mirabeau’s Library – Incorporating BuVon’s Collection
80 MIRABEAU, Honoré Gabriel Riquetti – AUCTION
CATALOGUE. Catalogue des Livres de la Bibliothèque de feu M.
Mirabeau l’Ainé, Député et ex-Président de l’Assemblée Nationale
Constituante, don’t la vente se fera en l’une des salles de l’hôtel de
Bullion, rue de J. J. Rousseau, le Lundi 9 Janvier 1792 et jours
suivans, à quatre heures de relevée. Paris, Rozet ... Belin junior...
1791. [Bound with:] Mémoire du Comte de Mirabeau, supprimé au
Moment meme de sa Publication par ordre particulier de Monsieur
le Garde-des-Sceaux, et réimprimé par Respect pour le Roi et la
Justice, avec une Conversation de Monsieur le Garde-des Sceaux et
du Comte de Mirabeau a ce sujet. [n.p.], 1784. £1200
Two works in one volume, 8vo, pp. [iv], xxvi, 440, i.e. 434, [1];
pagination irregular, but complete (pp. 41 to 49 omitted), bound
without the price list which is sometimes found bound in; [iv], xx, 180;
contemporary half green crushed morocco, Xat spine ruled in gilt, two
gilt-lettered spine labels; a very good copy.
First edition of both works. Mirabeau’s library catalogue is here bound together
with his Memoire, which documents his acrimonious separation and
later divorce, highly controversial at the time and the cause for an extended
legal debate.
Mirabeau (1749–1791), son of the great economist, was one of the
central Wgures of the French Revolution, a great speaker and even more
inXuential politician. When his father’s library went up for sale in 1789, he
decided to begin collecting books, and with great determination embarked
on forming a collection which was meant to be a documentation of the
history of printing. The library of BuVon, the famous naturalist, he bought
en bloc, thus providing a strong representation of books on natural history,
science, medicine and biology. In addition to this Mirabeau’s library
had strong holdings in literature, linguistics, history, political theory and
economics and geography. He had planned to issue a catalogue of his collection,
but this was made impossible by his sudden and early death.
The auction catalogue presents the titles within subject categories, and
economics and political economy is well represented, including titles by
LeTrosne, Adam Smith, Cantillon, and Savary to name but a few. ‘The
Bibliotheque du Roi purchased many of the German books, as well as those
on law, and natural history’ (Grolier, p. 177)
This copy is bound as originally issued, without the separately issued
author index and the price list, both of which were published later and are
rarely present.
I. Blogie II, co. 18; Grolier 363; Krieg, Bibliotheca Bibliographica, 410; Taylor, Book
Catalogues, pp. 145–146; II. Cioranescu 45202.
catalogue fourteen

Freedom of the Press
81 MIRABEAU, Honoré-Gabriel Riquetti. Sur la Liberté de la
Presse, imité de l’Anglois, de Milton. Londres, 1788. £450
8vo, pp. 66; entirely uncut in the original wrappers; corners frayed, and
edges a little dust-soiled; faint damp-stain to lower corner of Wrst two
leaves.
First edition of Mirabeau’s pamphlet on the freedom of the press, based
on and in the tradition of Milton’s Areopagitica: A speech for the liberty of
unlicens’d printing. Published on the eve of the French Revolution, this
pamphlet came at the height of a campaign for greater freedom of the press
sparked oV by Malesherbes, the former directeur de la librairie who did
much to soften censorship of books.
Cioranescu 45152; for a detailed discussion see R. Darnton & D. Roche, Revolution
in Print, the Press in France 1775–1800, 1989, pp. 50–66.
The Economics of Prostitution
82 [MOET, Jean-Pierre.] Code de Cythère, ou Lit de justice
d’Amour. Erotopolis, chez le Dieu Harpocrates, à l’Enseigne de la
Nuit 7746, [i.e. Paris, 1746]. [Bound with:] [LOUBAYSSIN DE
LAMARCA, Francisco.] Histoire des Cocus. La Haye [Paris],
1746. £2000
Two works in one volume, 12mo, pp. [viii], lx, 81, [3] blank; 183, [1]
blank; title vignette, typographic headpieces; contemporary cats-paw
calf, spine decoratively gilt; two-gilt-lettered spine labels; a Wne copy
with blind-stamped monogram to title, reading CG with the motto
‘toujours prêt’.
An interesting volume combining two clandestine eighteenth century publications,
one a spoof proposal for the economic running of prostitution in
Paris, the second a ‘roman à cornes’, translated from the Spanish.
I. First edition, rare, of this brilliant solution to the problem of prostitution,
in fact a facetious argument for the position that ‘the world’s oldest
profession’ is not a problem at all, but a Wnancial asset to the state. With
the help of an elaborate display of proWt and loss accounting, Moet shows
how, after nationalisation, prostitution beneWts society and enriches the
nation. The Code de Cythère itself consists of forty-one articles, regulating
prostitution in minute detail, in the best tradition of the Ancien Régime
bureaucracy. The work concludes with the Wnal balance sheet for the staterun
prostitution service, where prostitutes are carefully classiWed and assigned
a sliding scale of maintenance costs. The income generated, again
on a sliding scale, is oVset against rent, clothing, administrative and medical
costs. Even taking into account extraneous expenses such as hairdressing
and cosmetics, and printing costs for receipts and ‘billets doux’, the proWt
generated for the state is impressive. The Code de Cythère was reprinted in
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1776 as an appendix to Restif de la Bretonne’s Le Pornographe ou la Prostitution
réformé. Jean-Pierre Moet (1721–1806), a proliWc writer, is best known
for the translation of John Hill’s Lucina sine concubitu.
II. Based on the Spanish novel Enganos deste siglo (Wrst published in Paris
1615) this French imitation with its more direct title History of the Cuckolds
inspired the Marquis de Paulmy to note in his copy that a mere 183 pages
were ‘bien peu pour un sujet si étendu’. Earlier French versions had appeared
under the more literal title Les abus du monde (Paris 1618) and Les
Tromperies de ce siècle (Paris 1639).
The similarity of the ornaments clearly indicates that the two works were
printed at the same press.
I. Barbier I, 622; Brunet, Imprimeurs imaginaries, p. 63; Cioranescu 45746; Conlon
46, 719; Gay-Lemmonyer I, 606; OCLC and RLIN list just two copies, at
UCLA and the University of Chicago; II. Gay-Lemmonyer II, 539; Jones, List of
French Prose Fiction, p. 92; see Palau 142661.
Entirely Engraved
83 [MOREAU, Pierre.] Les Sainctes Prières de l’âme chrestienne
escrites et gravées après le naturel de la plume, par P. Moreau Me
Escriuain Juré à Paris. Paris, chez l’autheur, ou au Palais, à la Vérité,
1644. £2400
12mo, ll. [106]; engraved throughout, each plate with engraved border;
paper lightly browned; contemporary Jansenist binding of red morocco,
spine discreetly labelled in gilt, gilt dentelles, a.e.g.; small repair to
upper board; an attractive copy.
catalogue fourteen

A very attractive, entirely engraved, calligraphic prayer-book, designed and
executed by Pierre Moreau, and dedicated to Anne d’Autriche, the wife of
Louis XIII. The work is engraved throughout, in each case the richly decorated
border is printed from one plate, with the text and imagery printed
on a separate plate. Particularly attractive are the depictions of the Seven
Deadly sins, the arms of Anne d’Autriche, and numerous (repeated) Xower
images. The work was Wrst published in 1631 and was reprinted several
times, ie in 1632, 1644, 1649 and 1656, but with some changes and new
borders.
Moreau is best known as a calligrapher, but also of note for having developed
punches and matrices of some new script-types, in the style of handwriting.
He dedicated the Wrst proofs of these to Louis XIII, which brought
him the title of ‘Imprimeur du Roy’ (Updike I, p. 207).
Bonacini, Bibliografia delle arti scrittorie e della calligrafia, 1228 ‘rarissima edizione’;
Brunet III, p. 1117; OCLC locates copies of this edition at Stanford, Library of
Congress, Newberry, Harvard and Virginia.
Academy for Business Administration
84 [MOSER, Johann Jacob.] EntwurV einer Staats- und Kanzley-
Academie, oder einer näheren Anleitung und Zubereitung junger
von Universitäten oder Reisen kommender Printzen, Grafen,
Cavaliers und anderer Personen, zu der Europäischen, besonders
der Teutschen, Staats-Klugheit, zu dem jetzt-üblichen Europäischen
Völcker-Recht in Friedens- und Krieg-Zeitn, zu denen neuesten
Europäischen, besonders denen Teutschen, comitial-judicial- und
extra-judicialen Staats-Angelegenheiten und Streitigkeiten, zu
allen Arten von Staats- und Cantzley-Aufsätzen und zu der in
einem wohl-geordneten Cantzley-Collegio, auch bey Congressen,
Conferentien, usw üblichen Handels-Weise ... welche unter der
Direction des Geheimen Raths Johann Jacob Mosers zu Hanau
veranstaltet wird. Hanau, Kayserliches Postamt, 1749. £1250
4to, pp. 15, [1] blank; title a little dust-soiled; faint library stamp to
verso of title, mss note marking it as duplicate; early twentieth century
cloth-backed boards.
First edition, very rare, of the outline of an academy for public administration,
economics and international law to be founded at Hanau and directed
by the ‘father of German law’, Johann Jacob Moser (1701–1785). Moser
argued that although individual academic subjects could be taught well at
universities, this would always be insuYcient practical training for high
government oYcials, diplomats or parliamentarians. Instead he proposes
the foundation of this academy for university graduates. He includes a clear
outline of the curriculum, the time-table with lessons Wve days a week for six
months, holidays only for one week during the Frankfurt fair. Three courses
susanne schulz-falster rare books

are on oVer, German law and statecraft, European law and diplomacy, and
Wnally business administration. Courses may be taken consecutively.
Interestingly he proposes a sliding pay scale, with the nobility subsidising
the rising middle classes. Scholarships might also become available. In
the second half a more detailed introduction into the curriculum is given.
Moser’s proposal for the academy can be seen as a veiled critique of the
German university system.
Later the same year a second edition was published under the title Wiederholte
Nachricht von einer Staats- und Cantzley Academie.
Uncommon, not found in Kress or Goldsmiths’, OCLC lists just one copy at the
Dutch Royal Library.
Presentation Copy – Inscribed by Florence Nightingale
85 NIGHTINGALE, Florence. Notes on Hospitals. Third
Edition, Enlarged and for the most part Re-written. London,
Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green, 1863. £7800
Large 8vo (254 x 178 mm), pp. ix, [i] blank, [i] list of plans, [i] blank,
187, with 11 folding lithographed plans of hospitals and two very large
folding lithographed city plans, three folding letterpress tables and 35
woodcut illustrations within the text (three full-page); extreme outer
edges of title-page fragile, two leaves (pp. 133–134 and 185–186 with
tears in margins), some light marginal browning; original dark brown
straight-grained cloth, covers ruled in blind and with blind-stamped
catalogue fourteen

central decoration; spine lettered in gilt, corners bumped, neatly
and sympathetically rebacked with the original spine laid down and
appropriate new brown end-papers; presentation copy from Florence
Nightingale inscribed at head of title and with further presentation
history (see below).
Third (Wrst 1859) and most important edition of what is arguably Florence
Nightingale’s most important work. ‘Based upon Nightingale’s extensive
knowledge of English and Continental hospitals, the work was the
most exhaustive study to date of hospital planning and administration. She
blamed the majority of hospital deaths on overcrowding, lack of light and
ventilation, and the collection of large numbers of the sick under one roof’
(Norman). Nightingale is best remembered, of course, for alleviating these
conditions at the barracks hospital in Scutari during the Crimean War, gaining
the hearts of the British nation and earning the epithet ‘The Lady of the
Lamp’.
This edition contains the excessively important papers recommending
uniform hospital statistics together with the forms for achieving those.
These were a breakthrough both in hospital administration and in the
gathering of statistical information with a view to using that information
for bettering situations. Nightingale had Wrst presented these papers at the
International Statistical Congress of 1861. The Congress, which took place
in London, was chaired by Adolphe Quetelet, whom Nightingale greatly
admired. The Wrst female to be elected a member of the Statistical Society
(in 1858), Nightingale had worked closely with William Farr (the Society’s
President and the Registrar General) preparing the programme for the section
of the Congress covering sanitary statistics and preparing the papers
susanne schulz-falster rare books

on hospital statistics. She and Farr did this with the help of Farr’s assistant
and right-hand-man, Willliam Hammack (whom Nightingale invariably
called Hammick), to whom this present volume is dedicated. Hammick
was amongst those invited to use Nightingale’s rooms in Old Burlington
Street and to attend breakfast parties there during the Congress. Several
of Nightigale’s letters to William Farr contain references, or ‘messages’ to
Hammick, usually thanking him for his assistance with her work.
[Provenance:] This copy if inscribed in Nightingale’s hand at the head
of the title to ‘Mr. Hammick in remembrance of much kind & eYcient assistance
rendered. Florence Nightingale London Kinan/63.’ Twenty years
later the book was presented ‘To Dr. William Hammond of Nuneaton in
remembrance of his kind attention to James T. Hammick Summer-hill
House 18 Dec. 1883’ and in 1916 Hammond presented the book to the
Library of the British Medical Association (inscription at foot of front free
end-paper signed and dated September 21st). Tipped on to the inner margin
of the Preface is an accompanying presentation letter from Hammond
to the librarian and the volume bears the stamp of the BMA on the titlepage,
preface, index, foot of p. 155 and verso of plan II.
James T. Hammick (Hammack until 1831) was Wrst elected a Fellow
of the Society of Statisticians in 1846. He served on the Society’s Council
from 1861 before becoming the Treasurer in 1868 and he held that post
until 1874 when he resigned due to ill-health.
Bishop and Goldie 101; see Garrison-Morton 1611; Norman 1599.
86 NUDOW, Heinrich. Anthropologische Reisen. [n.p.],
1793. £380
8vo, pp. xxxii, 446, Wne circular engraved vignette to title page; old
repair to foremargin of *8, touching a few letters; contemporary pale
blue boards, spine with remains of printed label, and shelf mark to foot
of spine, extremities rubbed.
First edition of this collection of ‘anthropological’ observations by the physician
and scientist Nudow (1752–1810). He dismisses traditional travel
books and presents instead his own observations on human characteristics,
studying human foibles, motivation, and psychology. The potpourri of
brief journalistic essays covers human embarrassments, social encounters,
but also suicide, murder etc.
Nudow later published a comprehensive study of the phenomenon of
human sleep.
Hayn/Gotendorf VI, 415 (‘wertvolle Beiträge zur medicin.-philosophischen Menschenkunde
aus Büchern, Lebenserfahrung, Reisen usw’); OCLC lists copies at Munich and
Göttingen.
catalogue fourteen

Living Fences
87 OEST, Nicolaus. Oeconomisch-practische Anweisung zur
Einfriedung der Ländereien nebst einem Anhang von der Art und
Weise, wie die Feldsteine können gesprenget und gespalten werden,
auch nöthigen Kupfern mitgetheilet. Flensburg, Johann Christoph
Korte. 1767. £550
8vo, engraved frontispiece, pp. [xii], 224, with three engravings printed
on one sheet, folding out on P5; some insigniWcant browning, due to
paper quality; contemporary half mottled sheep over mottled paper;
extremities a little rubbed; a good copy.
First edition of this practical treatise on the construction, planting and
maintenance of fences, hedges and other forms of enclosures. In the eighteenth
century livestock was grazed on common land, and cultivated Welds
were surrounded by hedges or fences to protect them. Oest suggests the
practice common in Northern Germany of planting live hedges, so called
Wallhecken, which were regularly cut down so that so that they formed an
impenetrable border between the common land, where cattle grazed, and
cultivated Welds. Another form he describes in detail is a low Xat earth wall,
planted with hawthorn and similar bushes. He stresses the importance of
leaving public access when constructing enclosures, and not infringing on
neighbours’ rights. He gives extensive practical detail on the construction
and location of the various forms of enclosure.
On the fold-out engraved plates various forms of hedge and border construction
are illustrated, together with one plate showing the tools used for
its construction.
Uncommon, no copy in OCLC.
Weights and Measures
88 PAETUS, L. De mensuris, et ponderibus Romanis, et Graecis,
cum his quae hodie Romae sunt collatis libri quinque. Eiusdem
variarum lectionum liber unus. Venice, (Aldine Press), 1573. £1250
4to, pp. [xvi], 4, ll. 4, pp. 13–88, [89–96], 97–127, [128 blank];
contemporary vellum, spine repaired, remains of lettering to spine,
small repair to outer margin; some scribbling onto title-page, contentsleaf
with small hole in upper blank margin, Wrst few leaves with light
unobtrusive staining, a stain in the outer blank margin of a number of
leaves.
Second edition, Wrst published in folio the same year, of this rare work on
the Greek and Roman standards of measurement (dry as well as liquid),
relevant to ancient mathematics, economy and trade, as well as architecture
and numismatics. The work’s purpose is to clarify the technically confusing
systems of measurement appellation, and, as often with such antiquarian
endeavours, to reform contemporary practice after the ancient model. The
susanne schulz-falster rare books

handsome woodcuts include amphora of diVerent sizes, measuring rulers
and standard weights. ‘Although not an arithmetic, this work is a scholarly
and interesting contribution to the history of weights and measures of
Greece and Rome, and the symbols inherited by the Middle Ages’ (Smith,
Rara Arithmetica, p. 346).
The pages (89–96) signed G and H contain the plates: G is a large double
page with illustrations on recto and verso, H has two leaves with plates
recto and verso; the four unnumbered leaves at the end, containing the
index (3 leaves) and the errata (the last leaf with text recto, verso blank),
have been bound after the preliminaries and contents-leaf.
Brunet, IV, col. 308; BMSTC (Italian), p. 484; Adams P.26; Renouard, Aldus, I,
385; Ahmanson-Murphy Aldine Collection, nr 609; Goldsmiths’–Kress 163.2–1
suppl.; not in Einaudi.
Calligraphy and Hand-Writing
89 [PAILLASSON, Charles.] L’Arte di Scrivere tratta dal
Dizionario d’Arti e Mestieri dell’Enciclopedia Metodica. Padova,
Stamperia del Seminario, Niccolò Bettinelli, 1796. £1450
Tall 4to, pp. [ii], 56, 15 engraved plates (13 of which folding); folding
plates bound in sideways; uncut in the original limp buV boards, initials
N.B. in ink to upper board; extremities a little rubbed, a Wne, very widemargined
copy.
First edition in Italian of an attractive handwriting manual based on Paillasson’s
L’Art de l’Écriture, which formed part of the Encyclopédie. The text part
contains a general introduction to all aspects of calligraphy, and a descrip-
catalogue fourteen

tion of the instruments of writing, such as inks, paper and other writing surfaces.
A brief history of writing systems is followed by detailed annotations
to the engraved plates. The Wrst two plates are particularly attractive, and
show a male and female Wgure demonstrating the correct writing position
and how to hold the hand. Further plates illustrate how to cut the quill,
and how to execute the basic strokes in diVerent writing styles. Sample
alphabets are given.
This calligraphy and handwriting manual is taken from an Italian edition
of the Encyclopédie Méthodique, originally published in Geneva by C.
J. Panckoucke in 1783–90. The plates are copied from the French version,
which in turn had been copied from those in the Wrst edition of Diderot and
d’Alembert’s Encyclopédie, which makes Paillasson’s work the most widespread
and popular of all writing-books.
Becker, David P., The Practice of Letters, 135; Bonacini 1324; see The Universal
Penman 128 for French edition of 1783.
The First Practical Treatise on the Woodcut
90 PAPILLON, Jean Michel. Traité historique de la gravure en
bois. Ouvrage enrichi des plus jolis morceaux de sa composition &
de sa gravure. Tome Premier. Contenant toute la partie Historique.
[–Tome Troisième]. Paris, Pierre Guillaume Simon, 1766. £3800
Three volumes, bound in two, 8vo, pp. xxxii including woodcut
frontispiece, 540, with one chiaroscuro woodcut plate bound in; xv, [i],
388; [iv], 124; part two with 5 plates illustrating progressive stages in
printing a chiaroscuro woodcut; in all seven plates, woodcut head and
tail pieces, title vignettes, and a large number of woodcuts printed in the
text; one initial printed in red (volume I, p. 369); some scattered foxing
and spotting, especially at beginning and end; a few signatures lightly
browned; contemporary full mottled sheep, spine gilt, gilt-lettered spine
labels; some surface scratches to sides, discreet repairs to head and tail of
spine; an attractive copy.
First edition of the Wrst practical treatise on the woodcut. It is famous for a
series of Wve progressive plates showing the successive stages of printing a
chiaroscuro woodcut. The Wrst volume of the treatise deals with the history
of printing and illustration. Volume II deals with the methods of wood cutting
in detail with clear illustrations of tools and procedures, it also includes
information on design, perspective, and printing. Volume III, the supplement,
is autobiographical and also contains various testimonials, table of
contents and errata.
Papillon (1698–1776), who came from a family of well-known wood
engravers, was one of the best French designers and engravers of woodcuts
for book work, employed by both French and Dutch publishers. The Traité
can be seen as a showcase for his work with its 136 woodcut head and tail
pieces and 257 other illustrations, large and small, incorporated in the text
– only the portrait is by another hand.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

The work was written between 1734 and 1738, later revised and augmented
and printed ‘avec quantité de Xeurons et des plus beaux ouvrage que
j’ai fait depuis 1712’ (author’s note in a unique copy in the BN dated 1762,
quoted by Bigmore and Wyman).
Bigmore and Wyman II, p. 116; Jackson Burke 1034; Burch, Colour printing and
colour printers, pp. 77–78.
A European Economic Model – In Defence of the Public Debt
91 [PINTO, Isaac de.] Traité de la Circulation et du Crédit.
Contenant une Analyse raisonnée des Fonds d’Angleterre, & de
ce qu’on appelle Commerce ou Jeu d’Actions; un Examen critique
de plusieurs Traités sur les Impôts, les Finances, l’Agriculture, la
Population, le Commerce &c. Amsterdam, Marc Michel Rey,
1771. £3500
8vo, pp. xvi, 368, with additional [8] pages on the state of English
Wnance in 1770 (interim half-sheet H* inserted between signatures
Y and Z); title page a little dust-soiled, some dampstaining to gutter
margin, stronger in places; uncut in the original pale blue wrappers,
spine worn and slightly dog-eared; an entirely unpressed copy.
First edition, rare, of Pinto’s ingenious defence of the public debt. Pinto
(1715–1787), an economist and advisor to the Stathouder William IV,
maintained that the public debt supported ‘circulation’ and that England’s
catalogue fourteen

economic advance had been promoted by her public debt and public credit.
He takes Hume to task on this matter, and comments on a number of other
contemporary authors, such as Berkeley, Boisguilbert, BuVon, Colbert,
Diderot, Mirabeau, Petty, Rousseau and Voltaire. He is also well known
for his criticism of the agricultural enthusiasm of Boisguilbert, as expressed
in his Le Detail de la France and the physiocrats.
‘Pinto’s Traité is written from a national as well as an international perspective.
His experience as a merchant and Wnancier in the Republic, along
with his knowledge of French and English economic thought, laid the
foundations for his European economic model. Pinto wanted above all to
convince his readers of the soundness of the British system of public debt.
With the adoption of improvements in the redemption policy proposed in
his book, the system would achieve a high degree of perfection. In France
the physiocratic opinions of the elder Mirabeau in particular required Pinto
to respond, and in England the otherwise admiring Hume was in disagreement.
By means of a critical discussion of the work of these and other
authors, Pinto propagated a Wnancial policy that he thought would beneWt
both the State and the individual’ (Nijenhuis).
This copy contains the sheet H*, entitled L’Etat des Finances en Angleterre
à la fin de la session du Parlement en 1770, which is not always present and
not mentioned by Einaudi. It does not contain the Addition au Traité (pp.
369–384) and the errata leaf, which were later inserted in some copies.
Einaudi 4447; Goldsmiths’–Kress 10791; Higgs 5282; INED 3603; Mattioli
2851; Stourm, p. 42; Szajkowski, Franco-Judaica, 868; for an elaborate analysis of
Pinto’s work see I. J. A. Nijenhuis, Een Joodse Philosophe. Isaac de Pinto (1717–1787),
Amsterdam, NEHA, 1992.
A Jew’s Defence of Religion
92 PINTO, Isaac de. Der Jude für die Religion oder Kern der
Beweisgründe wider die Materialisten, nebst neuen Anmerkungen
über die natürliche BeschaVenheit unserer Kenntnisse das Daseyn
Gottes, und das Unkörperliche Wesen und die Unsterblichkeit
der Seele. Frankfurt, Leipzig, van Düren, 1776. £1500
8vo, pp. 19, [v] contents and advertisement, 164; engraved vignette
on title; title dust-soiled, paper restoration to upper outer corner of
Wrst four leaves, lightly browned and spotted throughout, due to paper
quality; recently rebound in modern marbled boards; mss number to
upper corner of title.
First edition in German, very rare, of Pinto’s philosophical and psychological
defence of monotheistic religions against the attacks of the ‘materialists’.
The Précis des arguments contre les matérialistes was Wrst published
in the Hague in 1774. Pinto here was inspired by Hemsterhuis’s earlier
anti-materialist Lettre sur l’Homme et ses Rapports (1772), and borrowed his
argumentation against the materialist principle that physical causes deter-
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mine a person’s mental faculties. He concentrated on the dangerous political
and social implications of works like d’Holbach’s Système de la Nature
(1770), and displayed, without explicitly referring to a Christian or Jewish
God, a theistic view of the world in which the universe needed its divine
maker to keep going. (see Dictionary of Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century
Dutch Philosophers).
Pinto (1715–1787) was born in Amsterdam into an aristocratic Sephardic
family. A highly successful businessman, he is best known as an economist
and advisor to the Stathouder William IV.
See Fürst III, p. 104 for the second German edition of 1778 and Higgs 6552 for
the Wrst French edition; NUC records two copies, at Harvard and Hebrew Union
College; OCLC lists copies at Fulda and Munich.
The Earliest Printed Book on Economics
93 PLATEA [PIAZZA], Franciscus de. Opus restitutionum
usuarum et excomunicationum edita per venerabilem Dominvm
Fratrem Franciscvm de Platea Ordinis Minorvm.
[colophon:] Venice, Johannes de Colonia and Johannes Mathen,
22 January 1477. £8800
catalogue fourteen

Chancery 4to, (200 x 151 mm), ll. [152] including initial and Wnal
blank; in double columns, printed in Gothic letter, with initial spaces,
some with guide letters; a few leaves with insigniWcant marginal
dampstaining, some dust-soiling; contemporary full vellum, out of a
Wfteenth century rubricated legal manuscript leaf, some wear to spine
with splits, and worm hole to upper cover; early manuscript ownership
inscription of ?Davitis, and a few contemporary marginal annotations; a
fresh un sophisticated copy in a contemporary binding.
A Wne unsophisticated copy of an incunable edition of the Wrst printed book
to deal with economics. Platea’s Opus restitutionum, Wrst printed in 1472 is
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the Wrst, and earliest, book in the Goldsmiths’ and Kress catalogues respectively.
Platea, (also known as Fra Francesco Piazza) (?–1460), a Professor of
law at the University of Bologna and a well-known and acclaimed preacher,
includes a detailed discussion of monetary questions, the taking of interest
and usury in this treatise on canon law. The Wrst part of the Opus Restitutionum
deals with the return of illicit gains. Also discussed are commercial
transactions under a variety of diVerent legal circumstances, such as two
creditors competing for the spoils of one debtor. The second part concentrates
on usury, which, as in all canon law, denotes not just high interest
but all interest. Platea is Wrmly aligned within the church authorities in
his condemnation of usury. The Wnal section, De Excommunicationes deals
with the judicial exclusion of oVenders from the rights and privileges of the
Christian community.
The printers de Colonia and Mathen had already published an earlier
edition of Platea’s popular work in 1474.
Bodleian Library XVth Century Books, P–337; Hain-Copinger 13040; BMC V,
227; GoV P–758; Proctor 4312A; Walsh 1695; see Goldsmiths’–Kress 1 for Wrst
edition.
Magic Defended
94 PREATI, Bartolomeo. L’arte magica dimostrata. Dissertazione
contra l’opinione del Signor Marchese MaVei. Venice, Stamperia
Remondini, 1751. £480
4to, pp. 95, [1] blank; title vignette, decorated initials; uncut in the
original buV limp boards; spine with marbled paper covering and
remains of spine label; early manuscript note to front free endpaper; a
good copy.
First and only edition of this publication against MaVei, demonstrating the
existence of magic. This is speciWcally directed against MaVei’s Arte Magica
Dileguata, 1749. In separate chapters Preati discusses magic in general,
where he carefully distinguishes between diabolic magic and artiWcial magic,
then studies demonic magic and demonic inXuences in greater detail.
Cornell, Witchcraft collection, p. 451; Melzi 366; Pitrè, Bibliografia delle tradizioni
popolari d’Italia, 5160; Rosenthal, Bibliotheca magica et pneumatica, 2975; uncommon,
two copies listed in ICCU, none in OCLC.
Theory of Accountancy and Book-keeping
95 PUTEANI, Johann von. Grundsätze des allgemeinen
Rechnungswesens, mit Anwendung auf alle Vermögens- und
Gewerbsverhältnisse des bürgerlichen Lebens, insbesondere auf
Landwirthschaft, Handlung und Staatswirthschaft. Mit einer
Kupfertafel. Vienna, Carl Gerold, 1818. £800
catalogue fourteen

4to, pp. xvi, 218, xvii–xx (misbound end of the preliminaries), [2]
advertisements, with one large folding engraved table and several
printed tables in the text; occasionally lightly spotted, one fold of
the table browned, and two leaves with marginal coVee spots; well
preserved in contemporary glazed boards, spine ruled in gilt, modern
lettering piece; contemporary ownership-inscription in ink and note
of price of the book, and of the binding to title, manuscript shelfmark
number on rear endpaper.
First edition of a general theory of accountancy and book-keeping, the result
of a prize question posed by the Austrian Emperor in 1812, deploring
the lack of a single work covering all Welds of economic mathematics. The
Emperor further requested that the work should serve as a textbook for
schools and also give an outline of book-keeping for merchants, bankers,
landowners and civil servants in the ministry of Wnance. Johann von Puteani
had submitted this work and when no response was forthcoming, he
decided to have it published by Gerold and be judged by the public. He
explains methods and gives examples for establishing and listing assets and
their commercial values, compiling inventories, assessing liabilities, estimating
income of businesses, managing accounts, budgeting, and drawing
up balance sheets.
The large folding table displays the relations of prices of diVerent groups
of natural materials, goods and products in an economic system, ranging
from natural building stone or leather goods to fertilizers, tar, potassium,
iron and glass – all seen in relation to labour as well.
Goldsmiths’–Kress 22036.18; Humpert 2955; Historical Accounting Literature, p.
47; OCLC locates copies at Indiana, Hillsdale College, and Georgetown University.
The First Statement of Italian Unity – Swift’s Modest Proposal
96 RADICATI, Alberto, comte de Passeran. Recueil de Pieces
curieuses sur les Matières les plus intéressantes. Rotterdam, chez la
Veuve Thomas Johnson et Fils [possibly The Hague], 1736. £1000
8vo, pp. x, 14, [ii], [15]–384; title page vignette and typographic headand
tail-pieces; some light foxing and browning; contemporary full
calf, spine gilt in compartments, gilt-lettered spine label, rebacked with
original spine laid down, short split to foot of upper joint; a good copy.
First edition, rare, of a central text of the European Enlightenment. Radicati
de Passerano, a Piedmontese nobleman had been exiled from Italy for
his attempt to carry to its logical conclusion the conXict between state and
church. He wanted to establish more Wrmly the control of political over
ecclesiastical power, and expressed this demand in his Discours moraux, historiques
et politiques. He pursued his vision of a ‘perfect democracy’, in which
church and state, government and society would be so fused as to render
men happy and equal in nobility, in power and in wealth. But his proposals
proved too radical for Victor Amadeus II, and Radicati was forced into
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exile. Even in England his radical publications met with opposition and the
threat of legal proceedings, so it was eventually in the Netherlands, that a
collected edition was published, the present Recueil de Pieces curieuses. It
contained the Discours which he had originally written for Victor Amadeus
II. Now it was dedicated to Charles of Bourbon, King of Naples, in the
hope that he would reign over the whole of Italy and free it from papal
oppression. Incidentally this is also the Wrst clear statement of the idea of
Italian unity in the eighteenth century.
The volume also contains his Histoire abrégée de la profession sacerdotale
ancienne, summing up the discussions of the role of the priests of the past
century. This was followed by Nazarénus et Lycurgus mis en parallèle, which
made even more explicit the ideas contained in the Discours. The Wnal section
is of particular importance as it contains the Wrst translation of Swift’s
Modest Proposal for Preventing the Children of poor People in Ireland, from being
a Burden to their Parents or Country, one of his most savage and powerful
tracts.
Conlon 36:632; Brunet IV, 1086; L’Illuminismo Italiano alla Fondazione Feltrinelli,
436; Peignot II, 231; Teerink 680.
How to Learn a Language
97 [RADONVILLIERS, Claude-Francois Lizarde de.]
De la Manière d’apprendre les Langues. Paris, Saillant, Libraire,
1768. £500
8vo, pp. xxiv, 278; entirely uncut in the original pattern paper
wrappers; a little dog-eared, lower corner of upper wrapper worn away;
a very large wide-margined copy.
First edition of this introduction to language learning by the former Jesuit
Radonvilliers (1709–1789). In an entirely modern view, Radonvilliers
stresses the importance of practicing ‘spoken language’ when learning a
foreign language. He rejects strict grammatical approaches, and maintains
that analogy will be the main help in language acquisition. He includes
interesting chapters on translation, and suggests that translation should be
approached in a number of steps, Wrst the individual words should be translated,
keeping the familiar word order, only later the syntax of the foreign
language should be introduced.
Radonvilliers was a language teacher at a number of Jesuit colleges before
he left the Jesuits in 1742. He also taught the French King Louis XVI, who
later elevated him to the rank of Conseiller d’État in 1774. After Marivaux’s
death he was elected to the Académie Française.
Cioranescu 52113; not in Sommervogel (VI, 1384), where his other works are
listed.
catalogue fourteen

Leopold II in Tuscany
98 [RASTRELLI, Modesto.] Memorie per servire alla Vita di
Leopoldo II, Imperatore de’ Romani gia Gran-Duca di Toscana.
Italia, [Florence], 1792. £450
8vo, engraved frontispiece, pp. 278; a couple of signatures lightly
browned, due to paper stock, faint damp-stain to outer lower corner
of text block, never close to the text; contemporary half calf, spine gilt,
with gilt-lettered spine label, some worm damage to lower corner; still
an attractive copy.
First edition of this contemporary biography of one of the most remarkable
enlightenment rulers Leopold II, the grand-duke of Tuscany. Rastrelli gives
a detailed chronological account of his life, with clear emphasis on his reign
in Tuscany. The work is a valuable source book giving extensive information
on his travels, meetings, decisions etc. Especially at the beginning of
his reign, Leopold went on extensive ‘fact-Wnding’ trips around the Tuscan
provinces, which are carefully noted here, together with his impressions,
and subsequent political decisions. The biography gives a clear insight into
the political and economic reforms carried out under Leopold’s rule.
Leopold II was one of the most capable and remarkable of the reforming
princes of the eighteenth century. (See also no 43.)
Melzi IV, 206; Moreni Bibliografia storico-ragionata della Toscana, II, 230; Parenti
209; apparently not in Goldsmiths’–Kress; OCLC lists copies at Cambridge, Yale,
DLC, Minnesota and Philadelphia.
The earliest Bibliography of Books on Technology
99 ROSENTHAL, Gottfried Erich. Litterature der Technologie
das ist: Verzeichniss der Bücher, Schriften und Abhandlungen,
welche von den Künsten, den Manufakturen und Fabriken, der
Handlung, den Handwerkern und sonstigen Nahrungszweigen,
als auch von denen zum wissenschaftlichen Betriebe derselben
erforderlichen Kenntnissen aus dem Naturreiche, der Mathematik,
Physik und Chemie handeln. Berlin & Stettin, F. Nicolai,
1795. £1000
4to, pp. ii, 420; possibly lacking a half title; bound without endpapers;
very light browning to title page; contemporary half sheep, paste-paper
covered boards; sometime rebacked; corners worn with some loss of
leather covering.
First edition of the Wrst great bibliography of technology in which the
author lists about 20,000 books and articles. Rosenthal (1745–1814), a
baker in Nordhausen, was a member of several important scientiWc societies
and the author of numerous scientiWc works. The book is arranged by subject
and is particularly important as Rosenthal includes a very large number
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of journal contributions, both well-known and obscure. A very valuable
source book for historians of science and technology.
The bibliography was also issued as the Wnal part of ‘Jacobssons technologisches
Wörterbuch oder alphabetische Erklärung aller nützlichen mechanischen
Künste, Manufacturen, Fabriken und Handwerker’ (1781–1795).
Besterman 6020; Petzholdt, p. 727; PoggendorV II. 696–97.
Fine Bindings, Large Paper Copies, and the Sherborne Missale
100 [ROTHELIN – AUCTION CATALOGUE.] Catalogue des
Livres de feu M. l’Abbé d’Orleans de Rothelin. Par G. Martin. Paris,
Gabriel Martin, 1746. £900
8vo, engraved frontispiece portrait of the collector; pp. xii, xxiv, 618;
engraved Rothelin arms to title; some light browning due to paper
quality; contemporary full mottled calf, spine gilt in compartments, giltlettered
spine label; discreet repairs to head and tail of spine, sides a little
scratched, but overall a good copy, priced throughout in ink and with
extensive manuscript annotations.
First edition of the priced auction catalogue of the collection of the Marquis
Charles d’Orleans de Rothelin, one of the most eminent French book collectors
of the eighteenth century. Rothelin had died in 1744, the auction
catalogue was prepared by 1746, but the auction was not held until April
to June 1749 according to a manuscript note in the catalogue. Rothelin’s
collection contained a large number of large paper copies, and books in
Wne bindings, bound by famous binders such as Boyet, Du Seüil, Pasdeloup,
Angeourran and others. Most impressive, however, was his large collection
of historical and illuminated manuscripts, many of them from the
collection of statesman and famous manuscript collector Nicholas Joseph
Foucault (1643–1721), including the Sherborne Missale, the most lavishly
decorated English medieval service book to survive from the Middle Ages,
which is now in the British Library (and can be viewed in its totality on
the British Library’s website). The catalogue was prepared by the auctioneer
Gabriel Martin. In his preface he writes that he discarded the owner’s
classiWcation and instead arranged them according to his own classiWcation,
which he believed better suited to an auction (Taylor p. 14). The books are
arranged by subject matter, beginning with theology, followed by law, arts
and sciences, medicine, mathematics, literature, history, literary history and
bibliography, and Wnally biographies. In all he lists 5036 lots, including 132
manuscripts.
The catalogue is priced throughout in a contemporary hand, and also
contains extensive ‘viewing’ annotations, and a calculation of the Wnal sale
total.
With the Wne engraved portrait of the collector, which is often missing.
Blogie IV, 5; Grolier Club, Printed Catalogues of French Books Auctions... 1643–1830,
82; Peignot p. 121; Taylor, Book Catalogues, pp. 14, 190, 259; H. Hastings, The
Great Book Collectors, pp. 191, 197, 198.
catalogue fourteen

Persian-English Legal and Business Terminology
101 ROUSSEAU, Samuel. A Dictionary of Mohammedan Law,
Bengal Revenue Terms, Shanscrit, Hindoo, and other words used
in the East Indies, with full explanations; the Leading Word of each
Article being printed in a new Nustaleek Type. To which is added,
an appendix, forms of Firmauns, Perwanchs, Arizdashts, Instruments
and contracts of Law, Passports, &c Together with a Copy of the
Original Grant from the Emperor Furruhkseer to the English
East India Company, in Persian and English. London, J. Sewell,
[colophon:] printed by S. Rousseau, at the Arabic and Persian Press],
1802. £1150
8vo, pp. lxiv, 13–287, [1] imprint; printed on pale blue paper;
contemporary full sheep, Xat spine ruled in gilt, gilt-lettered spine label,
head of spine chipped and headband exposed, corners bumped; a good
copy.
First and only edition of this useful Persian–English dictionary and vade
mecum on law and business correspondence, expressly prepared for those
involved in the East India company. The work is elegantly printed using a
newly developed typeface based on Nastat’liq script (Nustaleek type). The
Wrst section gives a concise history of Bengal, Bahar and Orissa, together
with details on Calcutta, the principal trading centre of the East India
Company. All the diVerent oYces of local administration and jurisdiction
are introduced, and information is given on local customs. The dictionary
proper, which is in fact a handbook of Bengal law in dictionary form, gives
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oth direct translations of Persian terms into English, and extensive additional
information on legal and business practicalities. In the Wnal section
various oYcial documents are reprinted with their English translations.
Zenker, Bibliotheca Orientalis 2618.
From Royal Library to Bibliothèque Nationale
– Destruction of Fine Bindings
102 [ROZET.] Conversation familière, entre un Homme
de Lettres et un ancient Libraire, sur le projet de supprimer les
Armoiries, et autres marques de propriété féodale, empreintes sur la
reliûre de tous les Livres de la Bibliothèque Nationale. [n.p., n.d.]
[1793]. £450
8vo, pp. 48; contemporary orange wrappers, with the armorial
bookplate of H. PauYn to front paste-down, and stamp of the medical
doctor Hennequin, Charleville to title page.
First edition of this contemporary reaction to the decree of the 9th October
1793, which stated that all traces of Royal or feudal, ie noble provenance
must be removed from printed books, manuscripts and bindings in the library.
The royal emblem had already been removed from the outside of the
library as had happened to many other public buildings in Paris, but removing
traces of ownership from hundreds of thousands of books in the library
posed a much bigger problem, and would have resulted in destruction on a
massive scale. In this lively dialogue the Paris bookseller Rozet discusses the
problem with an unnamed contemporary writer. They both condemn the
lack of historical awareness, which aims to destroy historical evidence, and
argue about the extent of this purge: will foreign royalty also be excised, or
just the French nobility. The bookbinders Petit and Bradel had apparently
put in a bid to remove royal arms from all the books in the Bibliothèque Nationale,
and Rozet and his author friend calculate how many decades even
with a work force of Wfty this operation would take.
In the end the directorate relented and only the most obvious traces of
royal provenance were removed, such as portraits etc.
Martin and Walter 30363; KVK and OCLC report copies at Cornell, New York
Public Library, British Library, and the Bibliothèque Nationale; see Bette W.
Oliver, From Royal to National the Louvre Museum and the Bibliothèque Nationale,
2006.
How to Organise a Workhouse
103 RULFFS, August Friedrich. Ueber die Preisfrage der Königl.
Societät der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen: von der vortheilhaftesten
Einrichtung der Werk- und Zuchthäuser... Mit einer Vorrede von
Johann Beckmann. Göttingen, Friedri. Andr. Rosenbusch,
1783. £450
catalogue fourteen

4to, pp. [vi], 74; engraved title vignette, head- and tail-pieces;
numerous tables in the text; contemporary pink glazed boards,
faded, with decorative gilt rules and ornaments to sides; corners a
little bumped, else Wne; from the Abo library with stamp to title;
presentation inscription by the author in ink.
First edition, uncommon, of RulVs’ detailed suggestion for the most opportune
and economically viable organisation of correctional institutions,
both workhouses and prisons, written in response to a prize question of
the Göttingen Royal Society. RulVs is particularly concerned with the
organisation of a workhouse. He outlines initial requirements, which
need to be met to guarantee an economically viable addition to the local
community. Most importantly, whatever is produced in the workhouse
should not be in competition with already existing manufacturing industry
in the area. He proclaims spinning and weaving of Xax and linen the most
promising branch of industry for use in Lower Saxony, partly because it
needs little investment in machinery, secondly because the end product
could be exported at a multiple of the price of the raw product, and Wnally
because the individual eVort of the workhouse inmates would result in
higher productivity. RulVs includes detailed calculations for economical
running of the workhouse, with intricate cost calculations, including
building, subsistence costs and salaries of the foremen. In the second part
he contrasts this with the running of workhouses in prisons, which have to
be organised in a diVerent way, partly because work here is seen as part of
the punishment, whereas in the workhouse it is an opportunity.
August Friedrich RulVs (1736–1800) was a government oYcial and also
published on the related question of orphanages and their organisation. His
very practical approach to the question is clearly visible in his detailed proposal.
The work was submitted anonymously, but then Rullfs’ authorship
was revealed by the Göttingen professor and technical historian Beckmann,
as outlined in his preface.
Uncommon, a second edition was published in 1785.
Technical Education in French Primary Schools
104 SAINTE-PREUVE, Binet de. Notions les plus Essentielles
sur la Physique, la Chimie et les Machines, développées dans l’Ordre
du Programme OYciel en date du 18 Juillet 1837 Relatif
a l’Enseignment dans Les Écoles Normales Primaires. Paris,
L. Hachette, 1838. £400
12mo, pp. xii, 275, [1] table of contents, with four folding plates bound
at the end; some light damp-staining to lower corner; contemporary
green roan, sides and spine ruled in gilt, gilt-lettering to spine; from the
Dietrichstein library.
First edition, uncommon, of what appears to be the Wrst school textbook in
French on machines and the machine question, the beginning of technical
susanne schulz-falster rare books

education for primary schools. The textbook covers chemistry, physics and
basic technology. It is rather appealing that it is published by Hachette, even
today the leading French publisher of school and university textbooks.
Specialist technical education in France had grown out of the Écoles des
Mines and the École des Arts et Metiers, but only at the beginning of the nineteenth
century industrial advances changed the system more fundamentally.
Following the suggestions of Dupin, who had travelled in England and
made numerous proposals on the reform of technical education, a major
reform was instituted in 1827, when combined practical and theoretical
education was proposed. This included physics and chemistry. The revolution
of 1830 slowed down development again, and it was not until the late
1830s that industrial education was fully included in basic training and not
reserved for specialist schools.
Uncommon, not found in OCLC.
Say’s Utopia – The Knowledge-based Society
105 SAY, Jean-Baptiste. Olbie, ou Essai sur les Moyens de
Réformer les Moeurs d’une Nation. Paris, Deterville, An VIII
[1799/1800]. £3200
8vo, pp. xi, [1], 132; entirely uncut in the original blue wrappers, foot
of spine strengthened; a Wne copy.
First edition of Say’s rare utopia – his second book, containing the beginnings
of his economic thought. In Olbie (from olbios [Greek], meaning happy
and prosperous) Say outlines the social objectives of political economy.
‘Say’s principal means to reform behaviour was a widespread acquisition of
skills through nationally organized mass education which would raise the
living standards of the poor. At the same time, the luxury consumption of the
wealthy reduced overall incomes and employment. They should save and use
their surplus incomes to Wnance investment in the infrastructure. A reduction
in economically damaging inequalities would be assisted by a geometrically
progressive income tax, where the state took ‘a tenth of the increase above the
last contribution’. Say maintained that social problems and anti-social behaviour
would virtually cease with improved education, reduced inequality and
a complete understanding of the full interactions of the economy where each
class contributed to the wealth of others (see Eltis, p. 457).
‘Having established that a good treatise on economic theory should be
the major moral book for society, the author naturally looked to provide
such a work for his country; Olbie anticipates the publication of the Traité
d’Economie politique which was to appear four years later and thus forms
part of the history of the science’ (Guillaumin, Avertissement des editeurs in
Oeuvres diverses, 1848).
Goldsmiths’–Kress 17874.24; INED 4109; Mattioli 3235; Monglond V, 108;
Negley 1002; not in Einaudi; see Walter Eltis’ review article ‘The Social Economics
of Jean-Baptiste Say: Markets and Virtue by Evelyn L. Forget’, in Economica, New
Series, volume 68, no. 271, pp. 457–458.
catalogue fourteen

The Modern Dance of Death
106 SCHELLENBERG, Johann Rudolf. Freund Heins Erscheinungen
in Holbeins Manier. Winterthur, Heinrich Steiner und
Comp. 1785. £2000
8vo, pp. engraved frontispiece, pp. 165, [2] Wnal blank; with twenty-
Wve engraved plates; title a little dust-soiled, text very clean and crisp,
but some light spotting and browning to margins of plates; early
nineteenth-century half calf, Xat spine ruled in gilt, gilt-lettered spine
label; extremities a little rubbed, corners worn, upper board scratched;
small collector’s name stamp to title ‘O. v. Lobedanz’, and bookseller
label Perthes, Hamburg to front paste-down.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

First edition, uncommon, of this unusual Dance of Death, illustrated with
superbly executed etchings of death striking in everyday situations, including
some documenting current events, such as the burning of MontgolWer’s
balloon, or the invention of gunpowder. Schellenberg is the Wrst to virtually
abandon the example of Holbein, and break with the medieval and Renaissance
traditions of the depiction of death. Instead he shows contemporary
man faced with death, and comments on the social and political realities of
the time. Together with the satirical text of Johann Karl August Musäus
(1735–1787), this clearly mirrors contemporary attitude to death. As a
res ult of enlightenment debates on death and dying, initiated by Lessing,
Schellenberg depicts death as ‘Freund Hein’, based on a character in Matthias
Claudius’ Wandsbecker Bote. He shows death as a skeleton, lurking in
everyday situations, such as the disappointed lover, the usurer, the glutton,
the negligent mother, but also includes unusual scenes, such as a tightrope
walker falling, the lottery gambler losing, and a bookseller being buried
under his books. The illustrations are etched in a simple rococo style.
Schellenberg (1740–1806), a skilled Swiss artist and engraver supplied
some of the plates for Lavater as well as executing many of Chodowiecki’s
designs.
Goedeke IV/1; Graesse VI, 298; Lanckoronska-Oehler II, 175V. (Schellenbergs
Meisterleistung); Massmann S. 59, A–1; Oppermann 1200 (plate series without
text); Rümann 788.
107 SCHULTZE, Benjamin. Orientalisch- und Occidentalisches
A, B, C – Buch welches hundert Alphabete nebst ihrer Aussprache
so bei denen meisten Europäisch-Asiatisch-Africanisch- und
Americanischen Völckern und Nationen gebräuchlich sind, nebst
einigen Tabulis Polyglottis, verschiedener Sprachen und Zahlen vor
Augen leget. Naumburg and Zeitz, Christian Friedrich Gessner,
1769. £950
8vo, pp. [xii], 219, [5], with 12 engraved plates and one folding printed
table; with numerous alphabet specimens in the text; lightly browned
throughout, due to paper stock; a few sample leaves cut close at foot;
contemporary paste-paper covered boards, a little rubbed.
First edition thus, of this important work of eighteenth century linguistic
studies, illustrating the alphabets and pronunciation of one hundred European,
Asian, African and American languages, clearly aimed at the missionary
market. Of particular visual appeal are the numerous tables showing
exotic alphabets and numbers. Schultze includes such languages as Ethiopian,
Malagassy, Singalese, Marath, Mexican, Savannah, Virginia, Japanese,
Chinese, etc. In the brief section on American languages Schultze deplores
the lack of information on them, cites some of the early reports and gives
some details of Algonquin, Huron, Massachusetts (with a mention of Johan
Elliot’s Bible translation of 1666), and Makentowonits languages amongst
catalogue fourteen

others, with numerous examples and some bibliographical information on
early studies.
The work is based on Schultze’s earlier (1748) Orientalisch- und occidentalischer
Sprachmeister, which also contained the Lord’s Prayer in multiple
languages, and was edited by Johann Friedrich Fritz. Some of the engraved
plates were apparently reused, giving both plate count (for the 1748 edition)
and page number for this edition. Schultze (1689–1760) studied at
Halle and in 1719 went out to the Tranquebar Mission and learnt the Malabar
dialect. He worked on the translation of the Tamil bible and studied
numerous other Indian languages. He returned to Halle in 1743 to become
director of the Halle orphanage, part of the famous Francke’sche Stiftungen
(Francke Foundations), a highly important charitable foundation, printing
press, and missionary establishment.
The work can also be used as a type-specimen of the famous German
printing house of Gessner, showing extensive holdings of exotic type.
Sabin 78008; see Maggs catalogue 891 Dictionaries and Grammars, no. 382.
Women – a Comparative Analysis
108 SCROFANI, Saverio. Paragone delle Donne Francesi con le
Italiane. Ginopoli, 1817. £580
8vo, pp. ii, 169, [1] blank, [2] index; title page browned, and
occasional spotting throughout, faint dampstain to upper outer corner
of Wrst signature; uncut in recent paper wrappers.
First edition of this uncommon study of women, as regards their physical,
moral and social characteristics, and drawing comparisons between women
in France and those in Italy. Scrofani approaches his topic scientiWcally,
quotes extensively from European authors, and describes in individual
chapters female beauty, education, fashion, luxury, ambition, jealousy, capriciousness,
vanity and love. He attempts to identify national characteristics,
such as a greater propensity to gambling, or to falling in love in French
women, but also Wnds many characteristics which are similar in both countries.
In the course of his argument he gives a detailed insight into post
revolutionary society.
Salverio Scrofani (1756–1837) was a Sicilian priest and economist, and
one time professor of agriculture at Venice, who lived for a few years in
Paris after the destruction of the Venetian republic. This allowed him to
make comparisons at Wrst hand, which also reXected on some of his other,
economic and political, publications.
Melzi II, p. 311; Parenti, p. 101; rare, OCLC lists just the Chicago copy.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

First Edition of Adam Smith’s First Book
109 SMITH, Adam. The Theory of Moral Sentiments. London,
A. Millar; Edinburgh, A. Kincaid and J. Bell, 1759. £12,500
8vo, pp. [vi], [viii], 550 [i.e. 530, pp. 317–336 omitted from
pagination as usual], [1], with half-title and errata present; early
ownership inscription to title, partly crossed out; some light foxing
and browning, small ink stain to last 3 leaves; recently bound in full
sprinkled calf, spine gilt in compartments, with gilt-lettered spine label.
First edition of Adam Smith’s Wrst book, the work that established his reputation
as a philosopher not only in London but also on the Continent.
The Theory of Moral Sentiments is of the highest importance because of
the way in which it supplements Smith’s views on the nature of man and
the way this world runs, as set out in the more familiar Wealth of Nations.
‘One of Adam Smith’s major claims to fame, in some ways his greatest, is
his development of a uniWed concept of an economic system with mutually
catalogue fourteen

interdependent parts. His development of this came well before the Wealth
of Nations: it is in the Theory of Moral Sentiments of 1759 and the Lectures of
1762–3’ (D. P. O’Brien, The Classical Economists, 1975, p. 29).
Adam Smith’s Theory of Moral Sentiments is, in brief, that they are founded
not, as Hume said, on self-interest, but on fellow-feeling – the ability
one man has to put himself in the place of another, and to judge others by
himself and himself by others. Smith’s teleological view of the universe,
expounded in the Moral Sentiments, permeates the Wealth, and perhaps the
most famous example is to be found in the ‘invisible hand’ of the latter
work. ‘The exposition in the Wealth of Nations is much more particularized
than that in the Moral Sentiments... It occurs through the beneWcial results
of the pursuit of self-interest (within a framework of law and custom) and
manifests itself in such phenomena as the division of labour (with its origin
in the propensity to barter), money, savings and investment, and trade’,
ibid, p. 30. An understanding of Smith’s views on the complex relationship
between Sympathy and Self-interest is also to be gained from the study of
both works.
Goldsmiths’–Kress 09537; Vanderblue p. 38; not in Mattioli.
With Turgot’s ReXections
110 SMITH, Adam. An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of
the Wealth of Nations... Vol. I [–Vol. IV]. Basel and Paris, James
Decker and Levrault, 1801. £1350
Four volumes, 8vo, pp. viii, 68, 406; vi, 344; iv, 358, [5] appendix,
[1] blank; v, [1] blank, 374, [52] index; near contemporary half tan
calf over marbled boards; Xat spines decoratively gilt, with red morocco
lettering and numbering pieces; extremities a little rubbed, else Wne;
with blindstamp and book label of Adolf Jellineck in Brünn, and an
inscription in Greek to front free endpaper, with a quote from the Book
of Revelation X, 9; throughout there are some blue and red markings
and underlinings, and numerous early annotations in ink; an attractive
copy.
Second Continental edition of Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations, and the
only edition to include an English translation of Turgot’s Réflexions sur la
formation et la distribution des richesses, a work which had a great inXuence
on Adam Smith, and which McCulloch describes as ‘the best work on the
science published previously to the Wealth of Nations’.
This copy has some interesting annotations, including many marginal
comments in ink, mostly in English, which were clearly added before the
book was bound in its present binding, as the pages needed to be turned in,
before the copy was trimmed by the binder. The markings in red and blue
crayon are of a later date, and can be attributed to the owner Dr. Bobetz
or Bobek, who signed all four volumes, and interestingly dates his progress
through the book from 15. August 1900 to 24 September 1901.
Goldsmiths’–Kress 18148; Vanderblue, p. 20; not in Einaudi.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

111 SONNENFELS, Aloys von. Controversia cum Judaeis
Prodromi, Libri II. Vienna, Prague, & Tergesti, Trattner,
1758. £550
8vo, pp. 35, [1] blank, 278, [1] errata; engraved title vignette and headand
tail-pieces; paper somewhat browned; contemporary full marbled
sheep, spine gilt in compartments, some surface worming to upper and
lower board and foot of spine; head and tail of spine chipped; from the
Collegium Antonianum with stamp to title.
First edition of Joseph Sonnenfels’ Wrst published work, a preface to this
study of the origin of Jewish controversies, and the relations between Judaism
and Christianity by his father, Aloys de Sonnenfels (Perlin Lipman).
Sonnenfels, one of the most inXuential ministers of the Hapsburg Empire,
here writes on rabbis and Jewish rites.
Aloys Sonnenfels, son of a Brandenburg rabbi, converted to Catholicism
together with his children sometime between 1735 and 1741. In Vienna
he became a professor of Oriental languages and court interpreter to Maria
Theresia. In 1753 he had published a work in defence of the Jewish faith, to
support the Jews of Poland in their struggle against blood-libel charges.
Wurzbach XXXV, 332; uncommon, OCLC lists copies at Harvard , University of
Indiana, Yale, Chicago, and Berkeley Law Library.
Süssmilch’s Library
112 [SÜSSMILCH, Johann Peter – AUCTION CATALOGUE.]
Catalogus Praestantissimi Thesauri exquisitissimorum et rariorum in
omni studiorum et linguarum genere Librorum quos magno labore
ac sumtu collegit, dum superabat D. Joannes Petrus Süssmilch ...
Publicae Auctionis Lege d. 2 Maj, 1768. Berlin, Georg Ludwig
Winter, [1768]. £1750
8vo, pp. xii, 508, 4 appendix; faint dampstain to foremargin of Wrst
three signatures; original pale blue boards, very worn and dampstained,
but holding Wrm; preserved in a custom-made fold-over box; from the
library of the Königl. Preussiches Haus-Archiv with stamp to verso of
title, and printed bookplate of Fr. Chasté on front pastedown.
First and only edition of the rare auction catalogue of Süssmilch’s library, a
substantial collection of more than 5500 titles, together with some paintings,
library furniture and a few manuscripts. Süssmilch’s library was clearly
an international one, and contained many of his predecessors’ in the Weld
of population study, together with many of his contemporaries. Within
the Weld of ‘political arithmetic’ we Wnd Graunt, Petty, Davenant, but also
Kersseboom, Deparcieux, Struyck, bills of mortality etc. He had copies of
Froumenteau, Vauban, Montmort, but also Melon and Cantillon. It is of
course impossible to say at what stage in his research he would have acquired
individual titles, but many found their way into his observations.
catalogue fourteen

The Wrst part of the auction catalogue contains his theological collection
(as is to be expected in a clergyman), the second law, medicine, philosophy,
mathematics, history and literature, antiquities, language and grammar, literature
and art. The books are arranged by size, and author, title, and date
is given, as is the type of binding. In some instances rarity of Wne bindings
are noted.
Süssmilch (1708–67), is best known for Die göttliche Ordnung, his classic
contribution to the study of population Wgures and demography – the earliest
work which can be described as ‘statistical’ in the modern sense.
The catalogue was compiled and annotated by the German encyclopedist
Johann Georg Krünitz (1728–1796), who was working on his Oeconomische
Encyclopaedie, a massive undertaking extending to 242 volumes, only
72 of which he managed to see through the press.
Goldsmiths’–Kress 10407.9–1 suppl.; see J. Hecht, ‘Johann Peter Süssmilch. A
German Prophet in Foreign Countries’. In: Population Studies, vol. 41, 1987 pp.
31–58; H. Birg, Ursprünge der Demographie in Deutschland. Leben und Werk Johann
Peter Süssmilch, 1986; uncommon: KVK lists copies at Berlin, Göttingen and Munich;
not in Blogie.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

Upstairs – Downstairs The Servants’ View
113 SWIFT, Jonathan. Directions to Servants in General; and
in particular to the Butler, Cook, Footman, Coachman, Groom,
House-Steward, and Land-Steward, Porter, Dairy-Maid, Chamber-
Maid, Nurse, Laundress, House-Keeper, Tutoress, or Governess...
Printed in the year 1746. £750
8vo, pp. 58, [2], [2] blank; title with old repair to foremargin, repair to
gutter margin of last three leaves; a little dust-soiled; recently bound in
marbled boards.
Pirated edition. Swift’s Directions to Servants was apparently written
around 1736 but not published until after his death. It is a satirical take on
a handbook of manners, addressed to all types of servants individually and
collectively, and easily transferable to modern time. With his usual caustic
wit, Swift pits servant against master in the ultimate ‘upstairs/downstairs’
struggle for order, power, and the best bits of the roast. He advises the
servants on how to maintain the upper hand against their masters, how to
disguise mistakes and errors, and how to get through the working day with
as little eVort as possible. In all a witty expression of the frustrations of a
lifetime’s poor service.
The Wnal unnumbered leaf contains a satire in pidgin Latin, A consultation
of four physicians upon a Lord that was dying, with no author statement.
ESTC t231345; apparently not in Teerink.
The First Swedish Printers’ Manual
114 TÄUBEL, Christian Gottlob. Boktryckarekonstens Practiska
Handbok för Nybegynnare ... Öfversatt ifrån Tyska språket med
några nödiga förändringar. Twå Delar. Götheborg, Samuel
Norberg, 1823. £750
Two parts in one volume, 8vo, lithograph frontispiece, pp. iv, 209,
[3] blank, 169, [3], with 1 folding engraved plate; some light spotting
and foxing; entirely uncut and partly unopened in the original blue
wrappers, small section of spine covering missing, a very good copy.
First edition, rare, of the Wrst Swedish printers’ manual, in fact the Swedish
translation of Täubel’s Praktisches Handbuch der Buchdruckerkunst für Anfänger,
Wrst published in 1791, and here adapted to Swedish practice.
‘A comprehensive work containing useful practical information’ (Gaskell
28). Part I gives a brief history of European printing, and covers format,
composition, including the setting of music, correction, and press work.
Special information is given on the instruction of printers’ apprentices.
The second volume is taken up by an alphabetical dictionary of printing
terms, with detailed practical information. This is followed by an orthographical
dictionary, some information on grammar, common abbrevia-
catalogue fourteen

tions, and a Swedish glossary. The work concludes with the ceremonial
for receiving new members into the guild of printers, which is of interest
in the history of Swedish printers’ organisations. It is surprising to see that
the Wrst genuinely Swedish printers’ manual was not published until 1853.
See Bigmore and Wyman, III 2 and Gaskell, Barber & Warrilow G 11 for German
edition; not in Jackson Burke; uncommon.
Taxes, TariVs, and Textiles
115 [TEXTILES.] TariVa Tassativa di tutte le qualità delle Pannine
e Seterie tanto lavorate, quanto semigrezze, e grezze provenienti da
fuori di Stato. Colle respettive Gabelle che si dovranno esigere per
l’Introduzione nello Stato PontiWcio e nella Città di Roma. Roma,
[30. Giugno] 1788. £1150
4to, pp. [iv], 82, [2] blank; seal of Camera Apostolica to title page;
printed throughout within border in various columns; contemporary
susanne schulz-falster rare books

decorative wrappers; spine a little worn, with some loss of spine
covering at foot; throughout with mss corrections, reXecting the rate
changes of 11 July 1788, as attested in the mss note on the Wnal page by
Filippo de Felice, Stimatore; a very good copy.
A fascinating document charting the taxes and import tariVs applied to all
manner of textiles in the PontiWcal States. The tariVs apply to both manufactured
and raw fabrics, and all manner of clothing, made out of every
conceivable material and in all European countries. In alphabetical order
more than a thousand textile products in diVerent sizes are listed, their value
is given and then both import and export tax. Values and tariVs applied are
printed for 30 June 1788, and then corrected upwards in manuscript for 11
July 1788, by the ‘stimatore’ Filipp de Felice.
The textile products come from all parts of Italy, with distinctive price
diVerences between similar sounding products from diVerent regions,
but also from all over Europe, English wool and camel-hair, German felt,
Dutch, French and Spanish products, but also Chinese silk.
A fascinating document both of economic and textile history.
Rare, KVK lists two copies in Rome, not found in OCLC; not in Kress, Goldsmiths’
or Einaudi.
116 [VALLARDI, Giuseppe.] Catalogo dei Libri d’ogni genere
e in varie lingue in assortimento specialmente di quelli pubblicati
dalla antica ditta Pietro e Giuseppe Vallardi. Milan, 1833. £380
8vo, pp. [iv], 360; contemporary full cloth, spine lettered in gilt; a
good, tight copy.
First edition of this detailed priced bookseller catalogue, produced by the
Milan Wrm of Vallardi and prepared by Giuseppe Vallardi (1784–1861).
The catalogue covers both antiquarian and new books, in the classical languages,
Italian, and French, English, Spanish, German and Dutch. Over
four thousand titles are arranged in subject areas, beginning with manuscripts,
followed by incunables and early printing, classics in Greek and
Latin, then books on Wne art in Italian and various other European languages,
followed by miscellaneous scientiWc books again Wrst in Italian, then
other European languages. A special brief section is devoted to Ebraica and
Arabic books, followed by Aldine editions and books printed by Cominus.
In each case author, title, year, format, number of volumes, number of
illustrations are given, together with the price. Curiously a large number
of sixteenth century books are listed and only very few seventeenth century
ones. The largest proportion are of course nineteenth century books, with
those published by Vallardi marked by an asterisk, for trade discounts. According
to the preface an earlier ‘general catalogue’ had been published in
1823, and there is an even earlier record for 1819.
The Vallardis were also dealing in prints.
OCLC lists a copy at the Grolier Club and the 1823 edition at Georgetown University.
catalogue fourteen

The Founder of the History of Ideas
117 VICO, Giambattista. Principj di Scienza Nuova ... d’Intorno
alla Comune Natura delle Nazioni in questa terza impressione dal
medesimo Autore in un gran numero di luoghi Corretta, Schiarita,
e notabilment Accresciuta. Tomo I [–Tomo II]. Naples, Stamperia
Muziana, 1744. £3800
Two volumes bound in one, 8vo, pp. [ii] frontispiece portrait, [xvi],
[ii] allegoric engraved frontispiece, 376, one folding printed table
bound in; [377]–526 [vere 516], [4] index; engraved title vignette; a
few signatures lightly browned, due to paper stock, and faint marginal
damp-stain to Wrst signature; contemporary paste-paper covered boards,
spine label lettered in manuscript; corners a little bumped, but in all a
very good copy.
Third and deWnitive edition of Vico’s masterpiece, which had originally
been published in 1725, rewritten for the second edition (1730), and further
extensively revised for this one. Ahead of his time, Vico was neglected
during his life and forgotten for years after his death, but his Scienza Nuova
laid the foundations for many of the most important intellectual developments
of the following two centuries. It was in this deWnitive edition, published
in the year of Vico’s death, that his ideas became known.
The Principi di una Scienza Nuova has been justly called ‘the vehicle by
which the concept of historical development at last entered the thought of
western Europe’ (PMM 184). It remains one of the most inXuential treatises
in the history of ideas. The concept of a history of human ideas, the
principles of a universal history and its philosophical criticism, a recognition
of the importance of social classes all begin with Vico. Vico was the
Wrst to formulate a systematic method for historical research. He revived the
Greek concept that the course of history was subject to cyclical phases (corsi
e ricorsi). This however did not indicate an upward or forward move towards
perfection: according to Vico there exists in history a pattern which
repeats itself in each civilisation, a storia ideale eterna. Just as the individual
man passes through successive states, so does the history of civilisation.
Croce I, p. 53, Gamba 2493; see Printing and the Mind of Man 184 for Wrst edition.
The Best of All Possible Worlds – Very Rare
First Edition of Candide
118 [VOLTAIRE, François Marie Arouet de.] Candide, ou
l’Optimisme, traduit de l’allemand de Mr. le Docteur Ralph.
[Geneva, Cramer], 1759. £18000
12mo, pp. 299; last few pages with minute repaired worm trace
in blank margin, not aVecting text; stamp expertly removed from
title page; nineteenth century crushed dark green morocco, spine
susanne schulz-falster rare books

in compartments with gilt-lettering directly to spine, elaborate gilt
dentelles, a.e.g.; book plate crudely removed from front paste-down;
with bibliographical details in pencil on front free endpaper, and a
bookseller description loosely pasted in; a good copy.
First edition of Voltaire’s best-known work, his philosophical fable and epitome
of the French Enlightenment, which has remained a classic of Western
Civilisation, ‘for the optimistic, innocent Candide, and his equally guileless
if more worldly-wise mentor, Dr Pangloss, and their delicious adventures,
still command our attention. The folly of philosophic and religious optim-
catalogue fourteen

ism is displayed with a vigour and wit that carries the reader away. Irony
without exaggeration, a perfect restraint in its admirable humour, a gift
for the ‘throw-away line’ (‘pour encourager les autres’ is a classic example);
all these show Voltaire’s style and originality at their incomparable best.’
(PMM 204).
The printing history of Candide is a complicated one. The Wrst edition
was published by Cramer and is described under number 299G by Giles
Barber in the critical edition of Candide published as volume 48 of the
Complete Works of Voltaire in 1980 by the Voltaire Foundation (Taylor
Institution, Oxford). This Wrst edition is very rare indeed, with only about
twenty copies recorded. Most of these copies, just like this one, are bound
without the Wnal leaves N7, a blank, and N8, instructions to the binder concerning
the cancellation of two pairs of leaves (B4/B9) and D6/9D7). All
the recorded copies so far, including two recently on the market, have all the
cancels in gatherings B and D, with the exception of the copy at the Voltaire
Institute in Geneva, which has both these signatures uncancelled.
The present copy is unique in that it has the cancels in signature B, but
preserves signature D uncancelled. This results in the inelegant sentence
‘toutes nos Wlles se trouvèrent Presque toutes en un moment’, with its repetition
of ‘toutes’, (p. 84) (to be corrected in all later printings) and the
use of a diVerent ornament on page 86, not ornament g ‘pot of Xowers’ as
described in Barber, but instead ornament d, a mixture of fruit and leaves,
just as the Geneva copy.
Barber 299G; En Français dans le Texte 160; Morize 59a; Printing and the Mind of
Man 204; Wade 1.
A Love of All Things English
119 [VOLTAIRE, François Marie Arouet de.] Lettres Ecrites de
Londres sur le Anglois et autres Sujets. Par M. D. V.***. Basle, [i.e.
London, Bowyer], 1734. [Bound with:] Lettre sur les Panegiriques.
Par Irenée Aléthès, Professeur en Droit dans le Canton Suisse d’Uri.
The Hague, Frederic Staatman, 1767. £850
Two works in one volume, 8vo, pp. [viii], 228, 19; 15; late eighteenthcentury
red boards, spine lettered in manuscript; head and tail of spine
chipped and corners lightly bumped, spine and sides a little faded; a
good copy.
I. First edition in French of this fascinating volume of great philosophical
and scientiWc interest, which was, in fact partly written in English and Wrst
published in English the previous year. It was written by Voltaire as a kind
of testimony of his love of ‘things English’, and then subsequently partly
rewritten in French for the French editions. Buruma observes that Voltaire
invented a new genre: instead of writing an ordinary travel book, he approached
his subject as an intellectual traveller and wrote a journey of ideas.
He made no eVort to describe what England looked like, but wanted to
susanne schulz-falster rare books

show what Englishmen thought. Much of what he admired about England
and the English was, of course, taken as criticism of his own country, and
some attempts were made to suppress this French version.
The letters that Brown suggests were composed in French were those
dealing with philosophy and science [9, 11, 13–17, 20], and include the
important letters on Newton and Descartes, with the famous anecdote of
Newton and the falling apple.
Bound with it is the third issue of Voltaire’s Lettre sur les Panegiriques,
Wrst printed the same year.
I. Bengesco 1558, Vol II, p. 14–15; ESTC t138264; II. Bengesco 1740, 3.
Micromégas
120 VOLTAIRE, François Marie Arouet de. Le Micromégas de
Mr. de Voltaire. Avec une Histoire des Croisades & un Nouveau
Plan de l’Histoire de l’Esprit Humain. Londres [i.e. Gotha],
1752. £650
8vo, pp. [ii], 257; some dampstaining to lower inner corner, with slight
paper damage to last few leaves; contempoary sheep backed marbled
boards, spine gilt in compartments, gilt-lettered spine label.
One of a number of editions of Voltaire’s philosophical and utopian tale
published in the year of the Wrst edition.
In the style of Gulliver’s Travels, Voltaire’s tale exposes human pretentions
by looking at them from the outside. The title character is a giant from
the planet Sirius who, accompanied by a slightly smaller but still enormous
companion from Saturn, visits Earth to investigate it and its inhabitants.
When they Wrst arrive, the Earth appears void of any inhabitants; only the
use of a magnifying diamond allows them to see some humans, who appear
microscopic. Micromégas is shocked and surprised by the folly and cruelty
of humanity, but impressed by their scientiWc advances.
The two other works, the essay on the crusades and the ‘new plan’, had
both Wrst appeared in periodicals, and were to be incorporated in Voltaire’s
major historical work Essai sur les Moeurs.
Bengesco I 1429 note; B.N., 2908; see D. W. Smith, ‘The publication of Micromégas’,
in Studies on Voltaire and the eighteenth century, 219, 1983, pp. 63–87.
Theory of Literary Translations
121 VOLTAIRE, François Marie Arouet de. Der Waise in China
ein Trauerspiel des Herrn von Voltaire. Breslau, Carl Gottfried
Meyer, 1756. £650
8vo, pp. xvi, 64, [1] errata, title vignette; lightly spotted throughout,
due to paper quality; contemporary sprinkled boards, manuscript label
to upper board; a little rubbed, but a nice copy.
catalogue fourteen

First edition in German of Voltaire’s play Orphelin de la Chine, Wrst published
in French in 1775. Voltaire shared the eighteenth century fascination
with all things Chinese, and here adapts the Yuan drama Zhaoshi guer
by Ji Junxiang written around 1330. He depicts the Chinese as most wise
and virtuous and a model of moral behaviour, condensed into Confucian
maxims. Historical fact clearly had to be sacriWced for dramatic eVect, and
the love-interest is placed in the centre of the action, so much so that the
Mongol invasion of China turns out ot have been the exclusive result of
Genghis Khan’s passion for Idamé, daughter of a Chinese mandarin, Zamti.
(Birch, pp. 216 V.).
Of particular interest is the introduction by the anonymous translator.
He writes on the problems of verse translations, and versiWcation, and
maintains that a well-written prose translation remains truer to the original
than a forced verse translation.
A few years later Ludwig Korn produced a verse translation of the play.
Goedeke III, 365,3; Fromm 27110; very uncommon, KVK lists copies at the British
Library and the Bodleian, in addition to a copy in Stuttgart; see Löwendahl,
Sino-Western Relations 477 and Bengesco I, 214 for Wrst edition.
Political Economy in Sweden
122 WALLERIUS, Nicolaus. Fundamenta Oeconomiae Publicae,
quam SuVragio Ampliss Facultatit Philosoph. In Illustris Academ.
Upsal. Publicae Bonorum Censurae modeste subjiciunt, Auctor
Nicolaus Wallerius, ... et respondens Sveno Hörstadius. Uppsala,
1740. £450
4to, pp. [ii], 69, [1]; woodcut headpiece and initials; marbled paper
spine, with number at head; a little dog-eared and faint damp-stain to
lower outer corner, else Wne.
First and only edition of this academic dissertation on the importance of a
healthy public economy as the foundation of a sound republic. Trade and in
particular overseas trade is to be encouraged, quoting Grotius, and pointing
to the great success of the Dutch and English. Wallerius (1668–17400)
discusses trading companies who unite for an optimisation of the proWt, in
the exploration especially of foreign shores. He comments on the education
of a businessman or merchant and suggests that knowledge in international
law (Grotius), arithmetic, but also natural history, languages, and law, are
essential in addition to navigation. He greatly encourages the building of
the forerunners of factories, for which one needs natural resources, and
the technical know-how to begin mass production. Wallerius had earlier
written a publication on Louis de Geer, who is credited with bringing early
industrialisation to Sweden.
Of particular interest is the wide range of economic textbooks available
to Wallerius. He cites extensively from Grotius, Savary, Bohn, Bodin
amongst others.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

Not found in Kress or Goldsmiths’; Hebbe, Den Svenske Lantbrukslitteraturen I,
118; KVK and OCLC record copies at the Swedish National Library, Braidense,
Milan, Göttingen and Chicago.
The Spanish Economy – Measures of Reform
123 WARD, Bernardo. Proyecto Economico, en que se proponen
varias providencias, dirigidas á promover los intereses de España, con
los medios y fondos necesarios para su plantiWcacion: Escrito en el Año
de 1762... Opera Postuma. Madrid, D. Joachin Ibarra, 1779. £1400
4to, pp. [iv], xxviii, 400, armorial woodcut to title; contemporary full
limp vellum, spine lettered in manuscript, tear to endpaper; a very Wne
and crisp copy with contemporary ownership note to title.
First edition, rare, of ‘perhaps the best digested and most methodical book
written on these topics [i.e. political economy] in Spain during the [eighteenth]
century, giving a clear insight into the causes of the decay of the
country, which, like his predecessors, Uztariz and Ulloa, Ward ascribes
to the neglect of trade and industry, and to the absurd system of taxation
which had prevailed for more than two centuries. Like them, Ward is a mercantilist,
but more discriminating and less extreme’ (Palgrave, III, p. 656).
Bernardo Ward (died around 1760), of Irish descent and in the employment
of King Ferdinand VI of Spain, travelled throughout Europe to study
the means of remedying the state of the poor and to promote trade and
manufactures in Spain. The clear outcome of these travels is this considered
and detailed report, and his proposals for reform. He suggests the foundation
of a land-bank and far-reaching reform of taxes and tariVs, including
the exemption of national manufacturing industry from internal taxation,
free inland trade in corn, and free trade with the Spanish colonies. Manufacturing
is to be encouraged by the abolition of guilds, and active settlement
of ‘industrious’ foreigners in Spain. His far-reaching reforms of the poor
laws, which were Wrst published separately under the title Obra Pia, are
appended at the end. An extensive section deals with the American colonies
and contains proposals to grant the native population the freehold of a
certain proportion of the land.
Ward’s study, published posthumously, proved popular and was reprinted
in 1779, 1782 and 1787.
Colmeiro 401; Kress B243; Palau 373988; Sabin 101282.
The First Italian Washing Mashine
124 [WASHING MACHINE.] Dell’ Arte di Fare il Bucato a
Vapore. Dialoghi el Dott. G.P. Bologna, Giuseppe Lucchesini,
1805. £880
8vo, pp. 44, folding engraved plate with 5 illustrations bound at the
end; uncut in contemporary blue wrappers; a little dog-eared, else Wne.
catalogue fourteen

First edition, very rare, of this publication advertising the use of a steambased
washing machine. Presented in the form of a dialogue between the
padrona, the lady of the house, and her two washerwomen, the beneWts of
this revolutionary new washing technique are expounded. The arguments
used by the padrona could easily come out of a modern advertising jingle
– whiter than white, with no hint of laundry bluing. In four dialogues the
washerwomen are Wrst persuaded to try out this new washing technique,
which is then explained in great detail. In the course of the discussion various
traditional methods of washing are explained, such as bleaching in the
sun, using special soaps, ash or even soda. The garments are Wrst soaked in
baths of sulphoric acid diluted in water, and in caustic potash, then rinsed,
and Wnally put into the ‘washing machine’. The composition of this machine
and its construction is explained in great detail and illustrated on the
large folding plate.
In his preface the anonymous author writes that his invention is based
on an idea of the French scientist Cadet de Vaux (1743–1828). To increase
its circulation and readership the author decided to present the ideas in the
form of a dialogue, and to give further technical details which had not been
included by Cadet de Vaux.
OCLC lists one copy at Princeton, also recorded in the Bibliothèque Nationale.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

The Practicalities of Writing
125 [WRITING.] Der wohl-erfahrne in allerhand ungemein
curieusen Schreib-Arten, auch sowohl ergötzlichen als Sinnreichen
Gemüths-Ubungen anweisende Schreib-Künstler, der da anzeiget
und lehret. 1. die ErWndung der Buchstaben zur Schreib-Kunst.
2. Die Zubereitung der Schreib-Feder. 3. Die Art und Weis schnell
und geschwind zu schreiben. 4. Allerhand Arten guter so wohl
Schwartz als anderer Farben Schreib-dinten zu machen. 5. Allerley
güldene, silberne und andere metallische SchriVten zu bereiten...
Franckfurt, Leipzig, Joh. Leonh. Buggel, 1708. £1200
8vo, pp. [xvi] including engraved frontispiece, 192, 195–462, 36, [4]
double-page letterpress table, which according to the instruction to the
bookbinder should have been bound after p. 192; woodcut illustrations
and diagrams in the text; title-page dust-soiled, and some light browning
throughout, due to paper quality; a few thin worm traces in second
catalogue fourteen

half, old repair to blank foremargin *6 and 7, and to foremargin of D1,
just touching a few letters; contemporary full vellum, spine creased
and a little soiled; contemporary inscription in ink detailing price and
binding cost.
First and only edition of a comprehensive guide to the practicalities of writing.
The anonymous author Wrst traces the history of the alphabet and writing,
before concentrating on practical information on the preparation and
sharpening of pens and the preparation of ink, both coloured and gold or
silver. All manner of ingredients go into the preparation of the coloured
inks, and for every colour a number of diVerent recipes are given, with
information of their origin. Special chapters deal with the preparation of
the writing surface, be it paper, vellum or metal. The second half deals with
ciphers, cryptography, and the use of a variety of secret or esoteric writing
systems, including Trithemius’ cryptographic system.
Communication systems which do not involve the written word are also
described, such as messages conveyed with the help of bells, coughs etc.
A whole chapter is devoted to memory games and puzzles of all kinds,
including number games, anagrams, and mnemonics. Numbers take up the
Wnal sections, with an explanation of diVerent regional numbering systems,
information on arithmetic, and a perpetual calendar.
Uncommon, OCLC locates no copy in the US, KVK lists copies at Halle, Munich
and Stuttgart.
Obtaining OYce by Devious Means
126 [ZECH, Franz K. praeside, PACKENREIT, Joseph Maria.]
De Ambitu dissertatio politico-legalis ad Academicos publicorum
oYciorum candidatos quam cum annexis parergis Deo favente,
consensus et authoritate inclyti Collegii Juridici in alma Catholica
Bavariae universitate Ingolstadiensi. Ingolstadt, Joannes Paul
Schleig, 1752. £480
Folio, pp. full page frontispiece portrait engraving, [xviii], 152,
woodcut initials and head- and tail-pieces; contemporary marbled
wrappers; spine chipped, with some loss of spine covering, a little dogeared,
else Wne.
First edition of a rare legal dissertation on the subject of ‘Amtserschleichung’
ie the obtaining of oYce through devious means, be it through political
favours, bribery, nepotism or other methods. Packenreit gives a historical
overview of the laws against ‘ambitu’ in the Roman Republic, and traces
their development through moral philosophy, and also its condemnation
in canon law.
Franz Xaver Zech (1695–1772) taught canon law at Ingolstadt university,
he is known for a number of historical contributions.
ADB 44, p. 737; uncommon, OCLC lists two copies at Munich and Göttingen.
susanne schulz-falster rare books

The Origin of Hebrew
127 ZENDRINI, Angelo. RiXessioni sopra l’Origine della Lingua
Ebraica. [colophon:] Padova, 1785. £650
8vo, pp. 54, [2], including initial blank; uncut in the original wrappers;
a Wne copy.
First and only edition, rare, of this study of the origins of the Hebrew language.
Zendrini begins his study with Vico’s observation of the importance
of language as a cultural testimony of history. He ascertains the ancient
origin of Hebrew and the language of scripture, but maintains that it shared
its origin with ancient Egyptian roots. He supports his thesis with extensive
citations from classical historians, Kircher and others.
The cleric Angelo Zendrini (1763–1849), came from one of the oldest
Venetian families. He taught mathematics at the Atheneum in Padova, and
published mostly historical works.
OCLC lists one copy at Chicago, KVK adds two more in Berlin and Rostock.
The Perfect Secretary
128 ZINANO, Gabriele. Il Segretario di Gabriele Zinano Signor
di Bellai, Diviso in Libri Sette, Dove si dimostra l’arte di maneggiare
tutti i negotii, si di Stato, come di tutti gli altri aVari. Co’l mezzo
di lettere, scritte con decoro, varietà, e giuditio. Con licenza de
Superiori. Venice, Giovanni Guerigli, 1625. £950
catalogue fourteen

Small 4to, pp. [viii], 164, [8]; later full vellum, spine lettered in
manuscript; two small stamps in blank portion of title-page, some light
browning, a good copy with good margins.
First edition of this manual for the diplomat and secretary. Zinano gives a
detailed introduction to the function of private secretary to a ruler, and thus
both to the art of managing negotiations for the state as well as managing
all sorts of other business, particularly correspondence. An important part
of the book is devoted to the art of writing letters and instructions. This
includes rhetoric and stylistic information, grammar, structure, elegant
phrases etc. The increasing complexities of politics, Wnance and war in seventeenth
century Europe, made the maintenance of a professional bureaucracy
necessary, and thus secretaries gained in importance. Secretaries were
part of the court or government ‘machinery’, and a conduit for oYcial business,
who had to cultivate secrecy and dissimulation, which made them the
ideal Wgure of ‘ragion di stato’, and of course, a perfect target for critics.
The present work was published again in 1626 together with Zinano’s
Della ragione de gli stati libri XII and his Del Consigliere, and shows that Zinano
saw the function of the secretary as a clearly political one, with political
inXuence. Gabriele Zinano belonged to the group of authors vehemently
opposed to Machiavelli and his theories: he called Machiavelli the ‘mostro
uscito dall’inferno in forma umana’ (Croce, Storia dell’età barocca, p. 77).
Vinciana 453; uncommon OCLC: Toronto, Columbia, Newberry, Chicago, Cambridge,
and Oxford.
susanne schulz-falster rare books