The Design and Implementation of the Anykernel and Rump Kernels

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24 3.22 Bridging a tap interface to the host’s re0 ............... 142 3.23sockinattachment............................ 146 3.24 dmesg of USB pass-through rump kernel with mass media attached 151 3.25USBmassstorageconfiguration.................... 154 3.26SCSIdeviceconfiguration ....................... 154 3.27 Attaching USB Hubs .......................... 156 3.28 USB device probe without hostHUBs................. 156 3.29 USB device probe with hostHUBs .................. 157 3.30Filesystemserver............................ 158 3.31 Use of -o rump in /etc/fstab .................... 160 3.32 Implementation of p2k_node_read() ................. 161 3.33Remoteclientarchitecture ....................... 163 3.34 Example invocations lines of rump_server .............. 166 3.35Systemcallhijacking.......................... 173 3.36 Implementation of fork() ontheclientside ............. 179 3.37Localvs.Remotesystemcalloverhead ................ 181 4.1 SourceLinesOfCodeinrumpkernelandselecteddrivers...... 186 4.2 Linesofcodeforplatformsupport................... 187 4.3 Duration for various i386 target builds ................ 190 4.4 Simple compatibility type generation ................. 199 4.5 Generated compatibility types ..................... 199 4.6 Mounting a corrupt FAT FS with the kernel driver in a rump kernel 202 4.7 Valgrindreportingakernelmemoryleak ............... 205 4.8 Flagging an error in the scsitest driver . . .............. 210 4.9 Automatedstacktracelisting ..................... 215 4.10 Memory usage of rump kernels per idle instance ........... 218 4.11Timerequiredtobootstraponerumpkernel ............. 221 4.12Scriptforstarting,configuringandtestinganetworkcluster .... 223 4.13 Time required to start, configure and send an initial packet ..... 224
25 4.14 Time to execute 5M system calls per thread in 2 parallel threads . . 225 4.15UDPpacketRTT............................ 227 4.16PerformanceofFFSwiththefilesystemaregularfile........ 230 4.17PerformanceofFFSonaHDpartition(rawdevice)......... 230 4.18 Performance of a journaled FFS with the file system on a regular file 231 4.19 RTT of ping with various virtualization technologies ......... 233 4.20Speedof10,000HTTPGETrequestsoverLAN ........... 233 (with 9 illustrations)
Page 1: Department of Computer Science and
Page 11 and 12: 9 Preface Meet the new boss Same as
Page 13: 11 Then there is my dear Xi, who, s
Page 16 and 17: 14 2.3.3 InterruptsandPreemption...
Page 18 and 19: 16 4.1.1 Implementation Effort ....
Page 20 and 21: 18 Appendix C Patches to the 5.99.4
Page 22 and 23: 20 ISA LGPL LRU LWP MD MI MMU NIC O
Page 25: 23 List of Figures 2.1 Rumpkernelhi
Page 31 and 32: 29 1 Introduction In its classic ro
Page 33 and 34: 31 and application-level drivers. T
Page 35 and 36: 33 We define an anykernel to be an
Page 37 and 38: 35 Our implementation supports rump
Page 39 and 40: 37 The project was done in small in
Page 41 and 42: 39 2 The Anykernel and Rump Kernels
Page 43 and 44: 41 building on top of the entities
Page 45 and 46: 43 Drivers in a rump kernel remain
Page 47 and 48: 45 Figure 2.1: Rump k
Page 49 and 50: 47 in Section 3.2.3. Whenever discu
Page 51 and 52: 49 int rumpns_bpfopen(dev_t, int, i
Page 53 and 54: 51 Figure 2.4:
Page 55 and 56: 53 while the application logic stil
Page 57 and 58: 55 We must solve the lack of a rump
Page 59 and 60: 57 2.3.1 Kernel threads Up until no
Page 61 and 62: 59 void * pool_cache_get_paddr(pool
Page 63 and 64: 61 2.3.4 An Example We present an e
Page 65 and 66: 63 Figure 2.6: Prov
Page 67: 65 The straightforward use of exist
Page 70 and 71: 68 We identified three obstacles fo
Page 72 and 73: 70 for loadable kernel modules (dis
Page 74 and 75: 72 e.g. the routine for mapping a p
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74 3.2.1 C Symbol Namespaces In the
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76 the double underscore namespace
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78 since the representation might n
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80 The following rumpuser interface
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82 The entry point rump_schedule()
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84 3.3.1 CPU Scheduling Recall from
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86 The fastpath is taken in cases w
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88 Releasing a CPU requires the fol
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90 10 8 seconds 6 4 2 0 1CPU 2CPU n
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92 Hardware interrupt handlers are
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94 Due to the design choice that a
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96 in. Therefore, we should critica
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98 Pager window create+access time
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100 A rump kernel can be configured
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102 Since all pages managed by the
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104 not in control of thread schedu
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106 synchronization part of the alg
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108 /* * Run a cross call to cycle
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110 kernel needs to do is make sure
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112 The kernel with uniprocessor lo
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114 the header file while open() c
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116 The same wrapper works both for
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118 5. Some calling conventions (e.
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120 int rump_pub_lwproc_rfork(int a
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122 By convention, file system devi
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124 ule directory tree from /stand
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126 After these steps have been per
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128 Host Dynamic Linker Using the h
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130 for (i = 0; i < SYS_NSYSENT; i+
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132 into a rump kernel and the driv
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134 sys/arch/x86/include/cpu.h: #de
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136 3.8.4 Rump Component Init Routi
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138 RUMP_COMPONENT(RUMP_COMPONENT_N
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140 We have three distinct cases we
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142 # ifconfig tap0 create # ifconf
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144 Unprivileged use of host’s ne
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146 DOMAIN_DEFINE(sockindomain); co
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148 issue another write before the
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150 using an interface called USBDI
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152 The kernel device configuration
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154 # $NetBSD: UMASS.ioconf,v 1.4 2
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156 USB Host Controller Hub0 (root)
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158 Figure 3.30: File s
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160 in-kernel mount: /dev/sd0e /m/u
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162 structure being created by rump
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164 3.12.1 Client-Kernel Locators B
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166 A tmpfs server listening on INA
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168 Request Arguments Response Desc
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170 Host syscall rump syscall 1. op
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172 A client’s initial connection
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174 their system calls to a rump ke
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176 stdin/stdout, the new file desc
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178 Supporting fork() Recall, the f
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180 As with fork, most of the kerne
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182 Anecdotal analysis For several
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184
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186 SLOC 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3
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188 Total commits to the kernel 9,6
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190 120 build time (minutes) 100 80
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192 4.2.2 makefs For a source tree
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194 not include later debugging [76
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196 the necessary tools such as mak
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198 proach of supplying alternate c
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200 are not out-of-the-box compatib
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202 golem> mount -t msdos -o rump /
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204 Full OS By a full OS we mean a
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206 • Rapid prototyping: One of t
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208 4.5.3 Testing: Case Studies We
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210 static void scsitest_request(st
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212 waits for the timeout and check
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214 • We noticed that even in sup
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216 which were discovered during wr
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218 version swap no swap NetBSD 5.1
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220 It needs to be stressed that Ta
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222 Network clusters Bootstrapping
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224 8 7 Standard components Self-co
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226 Rump kernel calls, as expected,
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228 Traditional FFS We measure the
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230 80 70 60 seconds 50 40 30 20 10
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232 The results are presented in Fi
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234 behavior is required by the act
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236
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238 Rialto [29] is an operating sys
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240 One argument for partitioned op
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242 View OS The View OS [37] approa
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244 OSKit Instead of making system
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246 discussing the type incompatibi
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248 difference to the abovementione
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250 At runtime, a rump kernel can a
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252 For testing and development we
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254
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256 Art of Virtualization. In: Proc
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258 [30] Adam Dunkels. 2001. Design
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260 [47] Galen C. Hunt and James R.
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262 [67] Steven McCanne and Van Jac
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264 [87] NetBSD Project. URL http:/
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266 of the 6th Workshop on Programm
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268
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A-2 RUMP.DHCPCLIENT(1) NetBSD Gener
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A-4 RUMP.HALT(1) NetBSD General Com
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A-6 RUMP_SERVER(1) NetBSD General C
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A-8 RUMP_SERVER(1) NetBSD General C
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A-10 SHMIF_DUMPBUS(1) NetBSD Genera
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A-12 P2K(3) NetBSD Library Function
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A-14 P2K(3) NetBSD Library Function
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A-16 RUMP(3) NetBSD Library Functio
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A-18 RUMP(3) NetBSD Library Functio
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A-20 RUMP_ETFS(3) NetBSD Library Fu
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A-22 RUMP_ETFS(3) NetBSD Library Fu
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A-24 RUMP_LWPROC(3) NetBSD Library
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A-26 RUMP_LWPROC(3) NetBSD Library
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A-28 RUMPCLIENT(3) NetBSD Library F
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A-30 RUMPCLIENT(3) NetBSD Library F
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A-32 RUMPHIJACK(3) NetBSD Library F
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A-38 UKFS(3) NetBSD Library Functio
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A-48 SHMIF(4) NetBSD Kernel Interfa
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A-50 RUMP_SP(7) NetBSD Miscellaneou
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A-52 RUMP_SP(7) NetBSD Miscellaneou
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B-2 TCP connections use standard TC
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B-4 rump clients. This means that j
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B-6 ponents. That can be done simpl
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B-8 Our goal is to add another part
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B-10 golem> export RUMP_SERVER=unix
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B-12 golem> rump.dd if=/dev/rcgd0d
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B-14 demogorgon# cgdconfig cgd0 /de
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B-16 rump_server -lrumpnet -lrumpne
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B-18 golem> rump.ifconfig virt0 cre
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B-20 Congratulations, that’s it.
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B-22 purely in userspace, it does n
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B-24 We then proceed to create a mo
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B-26 Then, the only thing left is t
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B-28 -d key=/dk,hostpath=${NFSX}/ff
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B-30 configuration. golem> sh rumpn
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B-32
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C-2 This is a quick fix for making
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C-4 This fixes the conditionally co
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Aalto-DD 171/2012 9HSTFMG*aejbgi+ I
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The Design and Implementation of the Anykernel and Rump Kernels

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