The Design and Implementation of the Anykernel and Rump Kernels

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A–28 RUMPCLIENT(3) NetBSD Library Functions Manual RUMPCLIENT(3) int rumpclient_daemon(int nochdir, int noclose); void rumpclient_setconnretry(time_t retrytime); int rumpclient_syscall(int num, const void *sysarg, size_t argsize, register_t *retval); DESCRIPTION rumpclient is the clientside implementation of the rump_sp(7) facility. It can be used to connect to a rump kernel server and make system call style requests. Every connection to a rump kernel server creates a new process context in the rump kernel. By default a process is inherited from init, but through existing connections and the forking facility offered by rumpclient it is possible to form process trees. rumpclient_init() Initialize rumpclient. The server address is determined from the environment variable RUMP_SERVER according to syntax described in rump_sp(7). The new process is registered to the rump kernel with the command name from getprogname(3). rumpclient_fork() Fork a rump client process. This also causes a host process fork via fork(2). The child will have a copy of the parent’s rump kernel file descriptors. NetBSD 5.99.48 February 16, 2011 NetBSD 5.99.48
A–29 RUMPCLIENT(3) NetBSD Library Functions Manual RUMPCLIENT(3) rumpclient_vfork() Like above, but the host uses vfork(2). rumpclient_prefork() Low-level routine which instructs the rump kernel that the current process is planning to fork. The routine returns a non-NULL cookie if successful. rumpclient_fork_init(rfp) Low-level routine which works like rumpclient_init(), with the exception that it uses the rfp context created by a call to rumpclient_prefork(). This is typically called from the child of a fork(2) call. rumpclient_fork_cancel(rfp) Cancel previously initiated prefork context. This is useful for error handling in case a full fork could not be carried through. rumpclient_exec(path, argv, envp) This call is a rumpclient wrapper around execve(2). The wrapper makes sure that the rump kernel process context stays the same in the newly executed program. This means that the rump kernel PID remains the same and the same rump file descriptors are available (apart from ones which were marked with FD_CLOEXEC). It should be noted that the newly executed program must call rumpclient_init() before any other rump kernel communication can take place. The wrapper cannot do it because it no longer has program control. However, since all rump clients call the init routine, this should not be a problem. NetBSD 5.99.48 February 16, 2011 NetBSD 5.99.48
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Department of Computer Science and
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9 Preface Meet the new boss Same as
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11 Then there is my dear Xi, who, s
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14 2.3.3 InterruptsandPreemption...
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16 4.1.1 Implementation Effort ....
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18 Appendix C Patches to the 5.99.4
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20 ISA LGPL LRU LWP MD MI MMU NIC O
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23 List of Figures 2.1 Rumpkernelhi
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25 4.14 Time to execute 5M system c
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29 1 Introduction In its classic ro
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31 and application-level drivers. T
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33 We define an anykernel to be an
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35 Our implementation supports rump
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37 The project was done in small in
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39 2 The Anykernel and Rump Kernels
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41 building on top of the entities
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43 Drivers in a rump kernel remain
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45 Figure 2.1: Rump k
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47 in Section 3.2.3. Whenever discu
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49 int rumpns_bpfopen(dev_t, int, i
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51 Figure 2.4:
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53 while the application logic stil
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55 We must solve the lack of a rump
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57 2.3.1 Kernel threads Up until no
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59 void * pool_cache_get_paddr(pool
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61 2.3.4 An Example We present an e
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63 Figure 2.6: Prov
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65 The straightforward use of exist
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68 We identified three obstacles fo
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70 for loadable kernel modules (dis
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72 e.g. the routine for mapping a p
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74 3.2.1 C Symbol Namespaces In the
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76 the double underscore namespace
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78 since the representation might n
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80 The following rumpuser interface
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82 The entry point rump_schedule()
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84 3.3.1 CPU Scheduling Recall from
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86 The fastpath is taken in cases w
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88 Releasing a CPU requires the fol
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90 10 8 seconds 6 4 2 0 1CPU 2CPU n
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92 Hardware interrupt handlers are
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94 Due to the design choice that a
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96 in. Therefore, we should critica
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98 Pager window create+access time
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100 A rump kernel can be configured
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102 Since all pages managed by the
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104 not in control of thread schedu
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106 synchronization part of the alg
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108 /* * Run a cross call to cycle
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110 kernel needs to do is make sure
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112 The kernel with uniprocessor lo
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114 the header file while open() c
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116 The same wrapper works both for
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118 5. Some calling conventions (e.
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120 int rump_pub_lwproc_rfork(int a
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122 By convention, file system devi
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124 ule directory tree from /stand
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126 After these steps have been per
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128 Host Dynamic Linker Using the h
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130 for (i = 0; i < SYS_NSYSENT; i+
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132 into a rump kernel and the driv
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134 sys/arch/x86/include/cpu.h: #de
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136 3.8.4 Rump Component Init Routi
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138 RUMP_COMPONENT(RUMP_COMPONENT_N
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140 We have three distinct cases we
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142 # ifconfig tap0 create # ifconf
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144 Unprivileged use of host’s ne
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146 DOMAIN_DEFINE(sockindomain); co
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148 issue another write before the
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150 using an interface called USBDI
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152 The kernel device configuration
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154 # $NetBSD: UMASS.ioconf,v 1.4 2
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156 USB Host Controller Hub0 (root)
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158 Figure 3.30: File s
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160 in-kernel mount: /dev/sd0e /m/u
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162 structure being created by rump
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164 3.12.1 Client-Kernel Locators B
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166 A tmpfs server listening on INA
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168 Request Arguments Response Desc
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170 Host syscall rump syscall 1. op
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172 A client’s initial connection
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174 their system calls to a rump ke
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176 stdin/stdout, the new file desc
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178 Supporting fork() Recall, the f
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180 As with fork, most of the kerne
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182 Anecdotal analysis For several
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184
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186 SLOC 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3
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188 Total commits to the kernel 9,6
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190 120 build time (minutes) 100 80
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192 4.2.2 makefs For a source tree
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194 not include later debugging [76
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196 the necessary tools such as mak
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198 proach of supplying alternate c
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200 are not out-of-the-box compatib
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202 golem> mount -t msdos -o rump /
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204 Full OS By a full OS we mean a
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206 • Rapid prototyping: One of t
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208 4.5.3 Testing: Case Studies We
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210 static void scsitest_request(st
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212 waits for the timeout and check
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214 • We noticed that even in sup
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216 which were discovered during wr
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218 version swap no swap NetBSD 5.1
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220 It needs to be stressed that Ta
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222 Network clusters Bootstrapping
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224 8 7 Standard components Self-co
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226 Rump kernel calls, as expected,
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228 Traditional FFS We measure the
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230 80 70 60 seconds 50 40 30 20 10
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232 The results are presented in Fi
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234 behavior is required by the act
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236
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238 Rialto [29] is an operating sys
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240 One argument for partitioned op
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242 View OS The View OS [37] approa
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244 OSKit Instead of making system
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Page 258 and 259: 256 Art of Virtualization. In: Proc
Page 260 and 261: 258 [30] Adam Dunkels. 2001. Design
Page 262 and 263: 260 [47] Galen C. Hunt and James R.
Page 264 and 265: 262 [67] Steven McCanne and Van Jac
Page 266 and 267: 264 [87] NetBSD Project. URL http:/
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Page 272 and 273: A-2 RUMP.DHCPCLIENT(1) NetBSD Gener
Page 274 and 275: A-4 RUMP.HALT(1) NetBSD General Com
Page 276 and 277: A-6 RUMP_SERVER(1) NetBSD General C
Page 278 and 279: A-8 RUMP_SERVER(1) NetBSD General C
Page 280 and 281: A-10 SHMIF_DUMPBUS(1) NetBSD Genera
Page 282 and 283: A-12 P2K(3) NetBSD Library Function
Page 284 and 285: A-14 P2K(3) NetBSD Library Function
Page 286 and 287: A-16 RUMP(3) NetBSD Library Functio
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Page 290 and 291: A-20 RUMP_ETFS(3) NetBSD Library Fu
Page 292 and 293: A-22 RUMP_ETFS(3) NetBSD Library Fu
Page 294 and 295: A-24 RUMP_LWPROC(3) NetBSD Library
Page 296 and 297: A-26 RUMP_LWPROC(3) NetBSD Library
Page 300 and 301: A-30 RUMPCLIENT(3) NetBSD Library F
Page 302 and 303: A-32 RUMPHIJACK(3) NetBSD Library F
Page 308 and 309: A-38 UKFS(3) NetBSD Library Functio
Page 318 and 319: A-48 SHMIF(4) NetBSD Kernel Interfa
Page 320 and 321: A-50 RUMP_SP(7) NetBSD Miscellaneou
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Page 324 and 325: B-2 TCP connections use standard TC
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Page 330 and 331: B-8 Our goal is to add another part
Page 332 and 333: B-10 golem> export RUMP_SERVER=unix
Page 334 and 335: B-12 golem> rump.dd if=/dev/rcgd0d
Page 336 and 337: B-14 demogorgon# cgdconfig cgd0 /de
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Page 340 and 341: B-18 golem> rump.ifconfig virt0 cre
Page 342 and 343: B-20 Congratulations, that’s it.
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B-26 Then, the only thing left is t
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B-28 -d key=/dk,hostpath=${NFSX}/ff
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B-30 configuration. golem> sh rumpn
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B-32
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C-2 This is a quick fix for making
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C-4 This fixes the conditionally co
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Aalto-DD 171/2012 9HSTFMG*aejbgi+ I
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The Design and Implementation of the Anykernel and Rump Kernels

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