The Design and Implementation of the Anykernel and Rump Kernels

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B–18 golem> rump.ifconfig virt0 create golem> rump.ifconfig virt0 virt0: flags=8802 mtu 1500 address: b2:0a:bb:0b:0e:00 In case you do not have permission to open the corresponding tap device on the host, or the host’s tap interface has not been created, you will get an error from ifconfig when trying to create the virt interface. Now the rump kernel interface exists. The final step is to configure an address and routing. In case there is DHCP support on the network you bridged the rump kernel to, you can simply run rump.dhcpclient: golem> rump.dhcpclient virt0 virt0: adding IP address 192.168.2.125/24 virt0: adding route to 192.168.2.0/24 virt0: adding default route via 192.168.2.1 lease time: 172800 seconds (2.00 days) If there is no DHCP service available, you can do the same manually with the same result. golem> rump.ifconfig virt0 inet 192.168.2.125 netmask 0xffffff00 golem> rump.route add default 192.168.2.1 add net default: gateway 192.168.2.1 You should now have network access via the rump kernel. You can verify this with a simple ping.
B–19 golem> rump.ping www.NetBSD.org PING www.NetBSD.org (204.152.190.12): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 204.152.190.12: icmp_seq=0 ttl=250 time=169.102 ms 64 bytes from 204.152.190.12: icmp_seq=1 ttl=250 time=169.279 ms 64 bytes from 204.152.190.12: icmp_seq=2 ttl=250 time=169.633 ms ^C ----www.NetBSD.org PING Statistics---- 3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0.0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 169.102/169.338/169.633/0.270 ms In case everything is working fine, you will see approximately the same latency as with the host networking stack. golem> ping www.NetBSD.org PING www.NetBSD.org (204.152.190.12): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 204.152.190.12: icmp_seq=0 ttl=250 time=169.134 ms 64 bytes from 204.152.190.12: icmp_seq=1 ttl=250 time=169.281 ms 64 bytes from 204.152.190.12: icmp_seq=2 ttl=250 time=169.497 ms ^C ----www.NetBSD.org PING Statistics---- 3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0.0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 169.134/169.304/169.497/0.183 ms B.3.2 Running applications We are now able to run arbitrary unmodified applications using the TCP/IP stack provided by the rump kernel. We just have to set LD_PRELOAD to instruct the dynamic linker to load the rump hijacking library. Also, now is a good time to make sure RUMP_SERVER is still set and points to the right place. golem> export LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/librumphijack.so
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Department of Computer Science and
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9 Preface Meet the new boss Same as
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11 Then there is my dear Xi, who, s
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14 2.3.3 InterruptsandPreemption...
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16 4.1.1 Implementation Effort ....
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18 Appendix C Patches to the 5.99.4
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20 ISA LGPL LRU LWP MD MI MMU NIC O
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23 List of Figures 2.1 Rumpkernelhi
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25 4.14 Time to execute 5M system c
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29 1 Introduction In its classic ro
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31 and application-level drivers. T
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33 We define an anykernel to be an
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35 Our implementation supports rump
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37 The project was done in small in
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39 2 The Anykernel and Rump Kernels
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41 building on top of the entities
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43 Drivers in a rump kernel remain
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45 Figure 2.1: Rump k
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47 in Section 3.2.3. Whenever discu
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49 int rumpns_bpfopen(dev_t, int, i
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51 Figure 2.4:
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53 while the application logic stil
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55 We must solve the lack of a rump
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57 2.3.1 Kernel threads Up until no
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59 void * pool_cache_get_paddr(pool
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61 2.3.4 An Example We present an e
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63 Figure 2.6: Prov
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65 The straightforward use of exist
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68 We identified three obstacles fo
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70 for loadable kernel modules (dis
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72 e.g. the routine for mapping a p
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74 3.2.1 C Symbol Namespaces In the
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76 the double underscore namespace
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78 since the representation might n
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80 The following rumpuser interface
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82 The entry point rump_schedule()
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84 3.3.1 CPU Scheduling Recall from
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86 The fastpath is taken in cases w
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88 Releasing a CPU requires the fol
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90 10 8 seconds 6 4 2 0 1CPU 2CPU n
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92 Hardware interrupt handlers are
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94 Due to the design choice that a
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96 in. Therefore, we should critica
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98 Pager window create+access time
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100 A rump kernel can be configured
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102 Since all pages managed by the
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104 not in control of thread schedu
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106 synchronization part of the alg
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108 /* * Run a cross call to cycle
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110 kernel needs to do is make sure
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112 The kernel with uniprocessor lo
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114 the header file while open() c
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116 The same wrapper works both for
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118 5. Some calling conventions (e.
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120 int rump_pub_lwproc_rfork(int a
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122 By convention, file system devi
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124 ule directory tree from /stand
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126 After these steps have been per
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128 Host Dynamic Linker Using the h
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130 for (i = 0; i < SYS_NSYSENT; i+
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132 into a rump kernel and the driv
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134 sys/arch/x86/include/cpu.h: #de
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136 3.8.4 Rump Component Init Routi
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138 RUMP_COMPONENT(RUMP_COMPONENT_N
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140 We have three distinct cases we
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142 # ifconfig tap0 create # ifconf
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144 Unprivileged use of host’s ne
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146 DOMAIN_DEFINE(sockindomain); co
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148 issue another write before the
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150 using an interface called USBDI
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152 The kernel device configuration
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154 # $NetBSD: UMASS.ioconf,v 1.4 2
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156 USB Host Controller Hub0 (root)
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158 Figure 3.30: File s
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160 in-kernel mount: /dev/sd0e /m/u
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162 structure being created by rump
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164 3.12.1 Client-Kernel Locators B
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166 A tmpfs server listening on INA
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168 Request Arguments Response Desc
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170 Host syscall rump syscall 1. op
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172 A client’s initial connection
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174 their system calls to a rump ke
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176 stdin/stdout, the new file desc
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178 Supporting fork() Recall, the f
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180 As with fork, most of the kerne
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182 Anecdotal analysis For several
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184
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186 SLOC 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3
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188 Total commits to the kernel 9,6
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190 120 build time (minutes) 100 80
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192 4.2.2 makefs For a source tree
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194 not include later debugging [76
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196 the necessary tools such as mak
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198 proach of supplying alternate c
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200 are not out-of-the-box compatib
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202 golem> mount -t msdos -o rump /
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204 Full OS By a full OS we mean a
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206 • Rapid prototyping: One of t
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208 4.5.3 Testing: Case Studies We
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210 static void scsitest_request(st
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212 waits for the timeout and check
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214 • We noticed that even in sup
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216 which were discovered during wr
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218 version swap no swap NetBSD 5.1
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220 It needs to be stressed that Ta
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222 Network clusters Bootstrapping
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224 8 7 Standard components Self-co
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226 Rump kernel calls, as expected,
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228 Traditional FFS We measure the
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230 80 70 60 seconds 50 40 30 20 10
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232 The results are presented in Fi
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234 behavior is required by the act
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236
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238 Rialto [29] is an operating sys
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240 One argument for partitioned op
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242 View OS The View OS [37] approa
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244 OSKit Instead of making system
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246 discussing the type incompatibi
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248 difference to the abovementione
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250 At runtime, a rump kernel can a
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252 For testing and development we
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254
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256 Art of Virtualization. In: Proc
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258 [30] Adam Dunkels. 2001. Design
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260 [47] Galen C. Hunt and James R.
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262 [67] Steven McCanne and Van Jac
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264 [87] NetBSD Project. URL http:/
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266 of the 6th Workshop on Programm
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268
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A-2 RUMP.DHCPCLIENT(1) NetBSD Gener
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A-4 RUMP.HALT(1) NetBSD General Com
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A-6 RUMP_SERVER(1) NetBSD General C
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A-8 RUMP_SERVER(1) NetBSD General C
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A-10 SHMIF_DUMPBUS(1) NetBSD Genera
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A-12 P2K(3) NetBSD Library Function
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A-14 P2K(3) NetBSD Library Function
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A-16 RUMP(3) NetBSD Library Functio
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A-18 RUMP(3) NetBSD Library Functio
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Page 324 and 325: B-2 TCP connections use standard TC
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Page 328 and 329: B-6 ponents. That can be done simpl
Page 330 and 331: B-8 Our goal is to add another part
Page 332 and 333: B-10 golem> export RUMP_SERVER=unix
Page 334 and 335: B-12 golem> rump.dd if=/dev/rcgd0d
Page 336 and 337: B-14 demogorgon# cgdconfig cgd0 /de
Page 338 and 339: B-16 rump_server -lrumpnet -lrumpne
Page 342 and 343: B-20 Congratulations, that’s it.
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Page 346 and 347: B-24 We then proceed to create a mo
Page 348 and 349: B-26 Then, the only thing left is t
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Page 356 and 357: C-2 This is a quick fix for making
Page 358 and 359: C-4 This fixes the conditionally co
Page 362: Aalto-DD 171/2012 9HSTFMG*aejbgi+ I
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The Design and Implementation of the Anykernel and Rump Kernels

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