the report of the pilot project - International Labour Organization

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Report of the Pilot Research Project on Children Working in Cultural and Artistic Activities Scenes in which the child has his role must be checked by a pedagogue and any psychological or physical harm to the child originating from his part must be avoided. The child must be prepared for his part by a competent coach. It must be checked that cultural and artistic activities in which children take part have no discriminatory elements. 4.1.9. Findings from Interviews with Offi cial Authorities Ministry of Labour and Social Security Authorities from the Ministry say the working conditions of children engaged in cultural and artistic activities are in their agenda by making necessary arrangements in the Labour Code: “We are going to consider the opinions and suggestions of specialists and ILO and a commission under the General Directorate will urgently draft this legislative arrangement. Pressure by the public may be helpful in expediting the process of drafting and adoption by the Grand National Assembly.” Ministry of Culture and Tourism An offi cial from the Ministry says children must be allowed to work only upon the condition that this employment is not detrimental to their education and social development: “Filming sets must absolutely be inspected. This can be done by the RTÜK since our ministry has no such authority...” The same offi cial also says that sub-contracting is an important problem in the sector, whose solution rests with the Ministry of Finance: “There are arrangements relating to copyrights, the problem is in implementation. This issue can be brought to the agenda with the organized action o factors. Working conditions are quite bad; if sets are scrutinised closely and rigidly no fi lm can be possibly made. At Present there is a fl exible approach to this sector and specifi c legislation is urgent to eliminate existing problems.” Social Security Agency The Agency developed booklet for the union giving information about the social security rights of actors and they extend information to workers in the sector through the union. It is said there is no barrier to formal employment in the sector: “If there is a service contract, than the party to this contract has to be reported to the agency since social security coverage is compulsory in such cases. Children too can be covered when their contracts are signed by parents.” RTÜK One offi cial from the RTÜK said: “The RTÜK has recently started a preliminary work to arrange for the working conditions of child actors within the framework of child rights. We are going to submit our opinion in a report.” Stressing that they do not want to give the public impression that - 33
Report of the Pilot Research Project on Children Working in Cultural and Artistic Activities they are a “board of censorship” he added: “Children’s working conditions will be subject to offi cial regulations; this will prevent child exploitation and force producers to act responsibly.” TRT – Television Department The person interviewed said the working conditions of child actors need to be arranged for by legislation in line with the rights of the child. He added that the corporation has its ethic norms: “The TRT works in the light of universal principles governing the media. We reject programmes and commercials running counter to these principles. TRT Broadcasting Supervision and Coordination Board An offi cial from the corporation pointed that messages conveyed in child language are effective in the media: “Legally, the TRT supervises programmes in terms of their fi tness for children; it does not supervise working conditions. The TRT rejects those commercials with children if they run counter to the principles of the corporation.” The offi cial conveyed the following as an example of how they worked with children in the Radio Child Club: “8-9 years old children became club members for dubbing and they were paid small fees. We also targeted education in this engagement. Children distinguished with their talents at this stage would then transfer to the Youth Club. Others who were not so talented were given less frequent dubbing tasks without letting them feel any notion of failure. Children in the club had their responsibilities. They worked after 17:00 hours on Wednesdays and Fridays. They remained in the club until their voices start changing.” TRT Children’s Channel A manager from the children’s channel says they are working in the light of universally accepted child rights while arranging the working conditions of children. Reminding that TRT is a member of the European Broadcasting Union, he continues so say that their programmes are prepared in line with the principles of the Union: “In the 2000s we took part in workshops in Europe related to children’s media and we collected information about the working conditions of child actors. At that time this issue was problematic in Europe. Working conditions of children were not in compliance with recognized child rights. We observed that best practices in this regard were in Scandinavian countries. There was an upper limit in payments to child actors in order to keep them away from a purely business environment. And also there were measures taken against the possibility for families to make planks for earning over their children.” Since there is no legislative arrangement there are neither written rules and so they conduct their work on ethic norms. He stressed the importance they assigned to the cultural development of children: “We examine the script together with the producer. We want them to work with children when schools are closed. Otherwise they work with children at weekends at the expense of their 2 days rest and leisure. Contracts have no provision about working hours. We prefer outdoor shootings and this precludes 34 -
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the report of the pilot project - International Labour Organization

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