Primates in Peril

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potential and roloways have been reported there in the relatively recent past. In neighbouring Côte d’Ivoire, the Roloway guenon’s status is perhaps even direr. Less than ten years ago roloways were known or strongly suspected to exist in three forests: the Yaya Forest Reserve, the Tanoé forest adjacent to the Ehy Lagoon, and Parc National des Iles Ehotilé (McGraw 1998, 2005; Koné and Akpatou 2005). Surveys of eighteen areas between 2004 and 2008 (Gonedelé Bi et al. 2008; 2012) confirmed the presence of roloways only in the Tanoé forest suggesting that the roloway monkey may have been eliminated from at least two forest areas (Parc National des Iles Ehotilé, Yaya Forest Reserve) within the last decade. Subsequent surveys carried out in southern Côte d’Ivoire suggest a handful of roloways may still survive in two forest reserves along the country’s coast. On 6/21/2011, Gonedelé bi Sery observed one roloway individual in the Dassioko Sud Forest Reserve (Gonedelé Bi et al. in review; Bitty et al. 2013). In 2012, Gonedelé Bi and AE Bitty observed roloways in Port Gauthier Forest Reserve, and in October 2013, Gonedelé Bi obtained photographs of monkeys poached inside this reserve, including an image purported to be a roloway. The beard on this individual appears short for a roloway, raising the possibility that surviving individuals in this portion of the interfluvial region may in fact be hybrids. In any case, no sightings of roloways have been made in the Dassioko Sud or Port Gauthier Forest Reserves since 2012, despite regular patrols there. These reserves are described as coastal evergreen forests and both are heavily degraded due to a large influx of farmers and hunters from the northern portion of the country (Bitty et al. 2013). Gonedelé Bi and colleagues, in cooperation with SODEFOR (Société de Développement des Forêts) and local communities, have organized regular foot surveys aimed at removing illegal farmers and hunters from both reserves; however, the most recent surveys (August 2015) revealed that a logging company (SIDB) has begun clearing a portion of the Port Gauthier reserve. Efforts are underway to work with SODEFOR at stopping logging and other illegal activities in these reserves (Gonedelé Bi 2015). Thus, the only forest in Côte d’Ivoire where roloways are confirmed to exist is the Tanoé forest adjacent to the Ehy Lagoon. This wet forest also harbors one of the few remaining populations of white-naped mangabeys in Côte d’Ivoire. Efforts led by I. Koné and involving several organizations (CEPA, WAPCA) helped stop a large palm oil company from further habitat degradation and a community-based conservation effort has helped slow poaching within this forest (Koné 2015). Unfortunately, hunting still occurs in Tanoé and the primate populations within it are undoubtedly decreasing (Gonedelé Bi et al. 2013). As the potential last refuge for roloways and whitenaped mangabeys the protection of the Tanoé forest in Côte d’Ivoire and the adjacent Kwabre Forest in Ghana should be the highest conservation priority. By any measure, the roloway monkey must be considered one of the most critically endangered monkeys in Africa and appears to be on the verge of extinction (Oates 2011). References Bitty E.A., S. Gonedelé Bi, W.S. McGraw. 2013. Accelerating deforestation and hunting in protected reserves jeopardize primates in southern Côte d’Ivoire. American Journal of Physical Anthropology Supp 56:81- 82. Buzzard, P.J. and A.J.A. Parker. 2012. Surveys from the Subri River Forest Reserve, Ghana. African Primates 7:175-183. Dempsey, A. 2014. Save our forest, save our future: A survey of the Tanoe‐Ankasa community owned forest for primate presence and illegal activity, introducing SMART technology. Master’s thesis, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, England. Gonedelé Bi. 2015. Report on primate surveys of Dassioko Sud and Port Gauthier forest reserves in southern Côte d’Ivoire. Unpublished report. Gonedelé Bi, S., I. Koné, J-C. K. Béné, A.E. Bitty, B.K. Akpatou, Z. Goné Bi, K. Ouattara, D.A. Koffi. 2008 Tanoé forest, south-eastern Côte-d’Ivoire indentified as a high priority site for the conservation of critically endangered Primates in West Africa. Tropical Conservation Science 1: 265-278. Gonedelé Bi and A.E. Bitty. 2013. Conservation of threatened primates of Dassioko Sud and Port Gauthier forest reserves in coast Côte d’Ivoire. Final Report to Primate Conservation Inc. February, 2013. 15
Gonedelé Bi, S, J-C. K. Béné, A.E. Bitty, A. N’Guessan, A.D. Koffi, B. Akptatou. I. Koné. 2013. Roloway guenon (Cercopithecus diana roloway) and white-naped mangabey (Cercocebus atys lunulatus) prefer mangrove habitats in Tanoé Forest, southeastern Ivory Coast. Ecosystems and Ecography 3: 126. Gonedelé Bi, S, I. Koné,A.E. Bitty, J-C. K. Béné, B. Akptatou, D. Zinner. 2012. Distribution and conservation status of catarrhine primates in Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa). Folia primatol 2012:11-23. Gonedelé Bi S., E.A. Bitty, W.S. McGraw. 2014. Conservation of threatened primates in Dassioko Sud and Port Gauthier forest reserves: use of field patrols to assess primate abundance and illegal human activities. American Journal of Physical Anthropology Supp 58:127. Groves, C. P. 2001. Primate Taxonomy. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC. Grubb, P., T. M. Butynski, J. F. Oates, S. K. Bearder, T. R. Disotell, C. P. Groves and T. T. Struhsaker. 2003. An assessment of the diversity of African primates. International Journal of Primatology 24: 1301–1357. Oates, J. F. 2006. Primate Conservation in the Forests of Western Ghana: Field Survey Results, 2005–2006. Report to the Wildlife Division, Forestry Commission, Ghana. Oates, J.F. 2011. Primates of West Africa: A Field Guide and Natural History. Conservation International, Arlington, VA. Oates, J.F., S. Gippoliti and C. P. Groves, C.P. 2008. Cercopithecus diana ssp. roloway. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2 . Accessed 16 March 2014. WAPCA. 2012. Annual Report. West African Primate Conservation Action, Accra, Ghana. WAPCA. 2014. Annual Report. West African Primate Conservation Action, Accra, Ghana. Wiafe, E. 2013. Status of the Critically Endangered roloway monkey (Cercopithecus diana roloway) in the Dadieso Forest Reserve, Ghana. African Primates 8: 9-15. Koné, I. 2015. Community empowerment for the conservation of critically endangered primates and their habitat in south-eastern Côte d’Ivoire. Twenty- Two Stories of Conservation in Africa: Key Elements for Effective and Well-Governed Protected Areas in Sub- Saharan Africa. IUCN PAPACO. Koné, I. and K. B. Akpatou. 2005. Recherche en Côte d’Ivoire de trois singes gravement menaces d’extinction. CEPA Magazine 12: 11–13. Magnuson, L. 2003. Final Brief: Ecology and Conservation of the Roloway Monkey in Ghana. Unpublished report to the Wildlife Division of Ghana, Forestry Commission, Ghana. McGraw, W. S. 1998. Surveys of endangered primates in the forest reserves of eastern Côte d’Ivoire. African Primates 3: 22–25. McGraw, W. S. 2005. Update on the search for Miss Waldron’s red colobus monkey (Procolobus badius waldroni). International Journal of Primatology 26: 605– 619. 16
Page 2 and 3: Primates in Peril: The World’s 25
Page 4 and 5: Contents Acknowledgements..........
Page 6 and 7: The World’s 25 Most Endangered Pr
Page 8 and 9: Table 2. Primate species included o
Page 10 and 11: Photos of some of the Top 25 Most E
Page 12 and 13: 7
Page 14 and 15: 9
Page 16 and 17: Rondo Dwarf Galago Galagoides rondo
Page 18 and 19: A new project to address these cons
Page 22 and 23: Preuss’s Red Colobus Piliocolobus
Page 24 and 25: Groves, C. P. 2007. The taxonomic d
Page 26 and 27: There are six (perhaps seven) other
Page 28 and 29: Grauer’s Gorilla Gorilla beringei
Page 30 and 31: (WCS unpublished data), is encourag
Page 32 and 33: Lavasoa Mountains Dwarf Lemur Cheir
Page 34 and 35: Hapke, A., J. Fietz, S. D. Nash, D.
Page 36 and 37: of hunting and trapping are employe
Page 38 and 39: Red Ruffed Lemur Varecia rubra É.
Page 40 and 41: Rigamonti, M. M. 1993. Home range a
Page 42 and 43: In 2008, the Service d’Appui à l
Page 44 and 45: km 2 ) in Banks et al. (2007), for
Page 46 and 47: Salmona, J., R. Heller, E. Quémér
Page 48 and 49: Philippine Tarsier Carlito syrichta
Page 50 and 51: Javan Slow Loris Nycticebus javanic
Page 52 and 53: Moore et al. (2014) assessed the su
Page 54 and 55: Thorn, J. S., V. Nijman, D. Smith,
Page 56 and 57: peat-swamp forests, S. c. siberu ha
Page 58 and 59: Delacour’s Langur Trachypithecus
Page 60 and 61: Nadler, T. 2012. Reintroduction of
Page 62 and 63: one group consisting of two females
Page 64 and 65: and gunshots were recorded commonly
Page 66 and 67: ut do occur. Aggression is quite ra
Page 68 and 69: Western Purple-faced Langur Semnopi
Page 70 and 71:
in the community and in nearby town
Page 72 and 73:
Hainan Gibbon Nomascus hainanus (Th
Page 74 and 75:
hainanus and the Eastern black gibb
Page 76 and 77:
equire vast areas of contiguous rai
Page 78 and 79:
73 !"#$%#&'() #$%$#&'#(") *+,")+$#&
Page 80 and 81:
is relatively well preserved and pr
Page 82 and 83:
Province, and adjacent regions of I
Page 84 and 85:
Due to the threats of habitat loss
Page 86 and 87:
San Martín Titi Monkey Callicebus
Page 88 and 89:
Northern Brown Howler Alouatta guar
Page 90 and 91:
References Brazil, MMA, ICMBio-CPB.
Page 92 and 93:
Editors’ addresses Mittermeier, R
Page 94 and 95:
Louis, Jr., Edward E. Omaha’s Hen
Page 96 and 97:
Vermeer, Jan Proyecto Mono Tocón,
Page 98:
The Species Survival Commission (SS
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