Local and Regional Governments in Europe
CEMR_structures_and_competences_2016_EN
CEMR_structures_and_competences_2016_EN
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Georgia<br />
Georgia<br />
is a unitary state<br />
composed of municipalities (m<strong>in</strong>ucipaliteti)<br />
<strong>and</strong> self-govern<strong>in</strong>g cities (tvitmmartveli qalaqebi).<br />
State structure<br />
unitary<br />
Number of<br />
Sub-national governments<br />
2012 2016<br />
LOCAL 69 72<br />
Capital city<br />
Tbilisi<br />
Population<br />
4,323,000<br />
Geographical size<br />
69,700 km²<br />
Currency<br />
Lari (GEL)<br />
Vote<br />
non-compulsory<br />
<strong>Local</strong> level 60 municipalities (m<strong>in</strong>ucipaliteti) <strong>and</strong> 12 self-govern<strong>in</strong>g cities<br />
(tvitmmartveli qalaqebi)<br />
The municipal or city assembly<br />
(sakrebulo) is the local authority’s<br />
legislative deliberative body <strong>and</strong><br />
is composed of members elected<br />
for a four-year term, via a party-list<br />
system <strong>and</strong> from s<strong>in</strong>gle m<strong>and</strong>ate<br />
constituencies. This assembly controls<br />
the activities of the municipal or city<br />
board <strong>and</strong> elects the board’s chief<br />
executive officer. It also reviews <strong>and</strong><br />
approves the local budget, approves<br />
local socio-economic development<br />
plans <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>troduces taxes <strong>and</strong><br />
fees as well as any other measures<br />
def<strong>in</strong>ed by law. The assembly can<br />
set up committees such as the legal<br />
affairs committee, the social affairs<br />
committee <strong>and</strong> the f<strong>in</strong>ance <strong>and</strong><br />
budget committee.<br />
The municipal or city executive<br />
branch is represented by a mayor<br />
(<strong>in</strong> cities) <strong>and</strong> a gamgebeli (<strong>in</strong><br />
municipalities), elected by direct<br />
elections with 50% of electoral<br />
barrier threshold. The executive<br />
branch is composed of the heads of<br />
several structural <strong>and</strong> territorial units<br />
present <strong>in</strong> each local authority <strong>and</strong><br />
implements decisions taken by the<br />
municipal or city council. The mayor<br />
/ gamgebeli is the supreme official of<br />
city/municipality.<br />
The chairman of the municipal<br />
or city assembly (sakrebulos<br />
tavmjdomare) is elected by <strong>and</strong><br />
from with<strong>in</strong> the municipal or city<br />
assembly for a period of four years.<br />
The chairman organises the work of<br />
the municipal or the city assembly<br />
<strong>and</strong> approves decisions of the council.<br />
The capital city of Tbilisi* also exercises<br />
competences delegated by central<br />
government agencies, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Competences<br />
• Municipal property<br />
• Municipal service provision<br />
• L<strong>and</strong> resources<br />
• Municipal budget<br />
• <strong>Local</strong> taxes<br />
• Waste management<br />
• Spatial plann<strong>in</strong>g<br />
• Pre-school education<br />
• Public transport<br />
• Fire safety<br />
* See p.89<br />
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