PRIVATE PATENTS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
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Nathan Ford, “Minimum costs for<br />
producing hepatitis C direct-acting<br />
antivirals for use in large-scale<br />
treatment access programs in<br />
developing countries,” Clinical<br />
Infectious Diseases 58, no. 7:928-36, doi:<br />
10.1093/cid/ciu012, 6 January 2014,<br />
http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/<br />
content/early/2014/01/06/cid.ciu012.<br />
abstract<br />
230 World Health Organization,<br />
“Cancer,” http://www.who.int/<br />
cancer/en/index.html<br />
231 Catherine de Martel, Jacques Ferlay,<br />
Silvia Franceschi, Jérôme Vignat,<br />
Freddie Bray, David Forman, Martyn<br />
Plummer, “Global burden of cancers<br />
attributable to infections in 2008: a<br />
review and synthetic analysis, The<br />
Lancet Oncology 13, No. 6: pg. 607-615,<br />
doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70137-7,<br />
June 2012, http://www.thelancet.<br />
com/journals/lanonc/article/<br />
PIIS1470-2045(12)70137-7/abstract.<br />
232 Anne Gulland, “Global cancer<br />
prevalence is growing at “alarming<br />
pace,” says WHO, The British Medical<br />
Journal 348: pg. 1338, doi: 10.1136/bmj.<br />
g1338, 4 February 2014, http://www.<br />
bmj.com/content/348/bmj.g1338<br />
233 Michelle Roberts, “Cancer: A global<br />
threat,” The BBC, 4 February 2014,<br />
http://www.bbc.com/news/<br />
health-26031748<br />
234 A disability adjusted life year can be<br />
thought of as one lost year of healthy<br />
life. See: WHO, “Metrics: Disability-<br />
Adjusted Life Year (DALY):<br />
Quantifying the burden of disease<br />
from mortality and morbidity,”<br />
Health statistics and information systems,<br />
http://www.who.int/healthinfo/<br />
global_burden_disease/metrics_daly/<br />
en/<br />
235 Global Task Force on Expanded<br />
Access to Cancer Care and Control,<br />
http://gtfccc.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?<br />
keyword=k69586&tabgroupid=icb.<br />
tabgroup138264<br />
236 Mathew Harper, The Cancer Drug<br />
Market Just Hit $100 Billion And<br />
Could Jump 50% In Four Years, 5 May<br />
2015, Forbes /Pharma & Health Care.<br />
http://www.forbes.com/sites/<br />
matthewherper/2015/05/05/cancerdrug-sales-approach-100-billion-andcould-increase-50-by-2018/<br />
237 India’s per capita GDP, for example,<br />
was approximately US$1600 in 2014,<br />
according to the World Bank data<br />
available here: http://data.worldbank.<br />
org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD<br />
238 Carly Helfand, “Top 10 best-selling<br />
cancer drugs of 2013,” FiercePharma,<br />
29 May 2014, http://www.<br />
fiercepharma.com/special-reports/<br />
top-10-best-selling-cancerdrugs-2013;<br />
Revlimid stat from<br />
Celgene, Press Release, “Celgene<br />
Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year<br />
2013 Operating and Financial<br />
Results,” 30 January 2014, http://ir.<br />
celgene.com/releasedetail.<br />
cfm?releaseid=822091<br />
239 “Top 25 pharma companies by<br />
oncology sales,” PM Live, 2014, http://<br />
www.pmlive.com/top_pharma_list/<br />
oncology_revenues<br />
240 T. Fojo, C. Grady, “How much is life<br />
worth: cetuximab, non-small cell<br />
lung cancer, and the $440 billion<br />
question,” Journal of the National Cancer<br />
Institute 101, no. 15: pgs. 1044-1048,<br />
doi: 10.1093/jnci/djp177. Epub 2009<br />
Jun 29, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.<br />
gov/pubmed/19564563<br />
241 Andrew Ward, “Big pharma awaits<br />
decision on cancer,” The Financial<br />
Times, 4 January 2015, http://www.ft.<br />
com/intl/cms/s/0/0dbaf3b8-89bc-<br />
11e4-9dbf-00144feabdc0.html?siteedi<br />
tion=intl#axzz3Nw7rWDJR<br />
242 Cancer.net, “Leukemia – Chronic<br />
Myeloid – CML: Statistics,” Approved<br />
NOTES <strong>AND</strong> REFERENCES<br />
172
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