HTML and CSS design and build websites

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Responding to Users :hover, :active, :focus There are three pseudo-classes that allow you to change the appearance of elements when a user is interacting with them. :hover This is applied when a user hovers over an element with a pointing device such as a mouse. This has commonly been used to change the appearance of links and buttons when a user places their cursor over them. It is worth noting that such events do not work on devices that use touch screens (such as the iPad) because the screen is not able to tell when someone is hovering their finger over an element. chapter-12/hover-active-focus.html input { padding: 6px 12px 6px 12px; border: 1px solid #665544; color: #ffffff;} input.submit:hover { background-color: #665544;} input.submit:active { background-color: chocolate;} input.text { color: #cccccc;} input.text:focus { color: #665544;} CSS Result :active This is applied when an element is being activated by a user; for example, when a button is being pressed or a link being clicked. Sometimes this is used to make a button or link feel more like it is being pressed by changing the style or position of the element slightly. :focus This is applied when an element has focus. Any element that you can interact with, such as a link you can click on or any form control can have focus. Focus occurs when a browser discovers that you are ready to interact with an element on the page. For example, when your cursor is in a form input ready to accept typing, that element is said to have focus. It is also possible to use the tab key on your keyboard to move through the interactive items on a page. When pseudo-classes are used, they should appear in this order: :link, :visited, :hover, :focus, :active. 291 TEXT
Attribute Selectors You met the most popular CSS selectors on page 238. There are also a set of attribute selectors that allow you to create rules that apply to elements that have an attribute with a specific value. Selector Meaning Example Existence Equality Space [] Matches a specific attribute (whatever its value) [=] Matches a specific attribute with a specific value [~=] Matches a specific attribute whose value appears in a spaceseparated list of words p[class] Targets any element with an attribute called class p[class="dog"] Targets any element with an attribute called class whose value is dog p[class~="dog"] Targets any element with an attribute called class whose value is a list of space-separated words, one of which is dog Prefix SubString Suffix [^=] Matches a specific attribute whose value begins with a specific string [*=] Matches a specific attribute whose value contains a specific substring [$=] Matches a specific attribute whose value ends with a specific string p[attr^"d"] Targets any element with an attribute whose value begins with the letter "d" p[attr*"do"] Targets any element with an attribute whose value contains the letters "do" p[attr$"g"] Targets any element with an attribute whose value ends with the letter "g" TEXT 292
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HTML & CSS Design and Build Website
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Credits For John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Contents Introduction Chapter 1: St
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Firstly, thank you for picking up t
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Is it hard to Learn? Many books tha
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How People Access the Web Before we
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How the Web Works When you visit a
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1 Structure XX XX XX Understanding
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STRUCTURE 14
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STRUCTURE 16
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STRUCTURE 18
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HTML Describes the Structure of Pag
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Tags act like containers. They tell
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Character left-angle bracket (less
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HTML5 allows you to use uppercase a
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Anything written between the tags
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Article 3 Go to the File menu and s
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Article 3 Now go to the File menu a
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altering one template is a lot easi
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STRUCTURE 36
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2 Text XX XX XX Headings and paragr
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TEXT 42
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Paragraphs Article HTML chapter-02/
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Superscript Article & Subscript HTM
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Line Breaks Article & Horizontal Ru
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Semantic Markup There are some text
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Quotations Article HTML chapter-02/
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Citations Article & Definitions HTM
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Changes to Content Article HTML cha
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Example TEXT This is a very simple
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3 Lists XX XX XX Numbered lists Bul
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LISTS 64
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Unordered Article Lists HTML chapte
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Nested Article Lists HTML chapter-0
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Example LISTS Here you can see a ma
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4 Links XX XX XX Creating links bet
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LINKS 76
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The text between the opening tag a
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Linking to Other Article Pages on t
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Parent The examplearts folder is a
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Relative Link Type example (from di
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Opening Article Links in a New Wind
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Linking to a Specific Article Part
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Example LINKS This example is of a
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5 Images XX XX XX How to add images
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IMAGES 96
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Storing Images on Your Site If you
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Height & Article Width of Images HT
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Article Result Where you place the
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Article Result This looks a lot nea
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Article Result The value of top pla
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Tools to Edit & Save Images There a
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DESIGN RESEARCH Image Formats: GIF
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Image Dimensions The images you use
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Image Resolution Images created for
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Animated GIFs Animated GIFs show se
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Examining Images on the Web Checkin
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In this example, the logo is a GIF
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Summary IMAGES X X XX XX XX The el
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There are several types of informat
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129 TABLES
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Basic Table Structure The element
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Spanning ColumnS Sometimes you may
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Long Tables There are three element
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Old Code: Width & Spacing There are
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This example shows a table for cust
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Summary TABLES X X XX XX XX The el
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Traditionally, the term 'form' has
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Why Forms? The best known form on t
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How Forms Work A user fills in a fo
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Form Structure Form controls live
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Password Input type="password" Whe
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Radio Button type="radio" Radio bu
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Drop Down List Box A drop down lis
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File Input Box If you want to allo
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Image Button type="image" If you w
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Labelling Form Controls When intro
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HTML5: Form Validation You have pro
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HTML5: Email & URL Input HTML5 has
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169 FORMS
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Example FORMS Forms Your Det
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Summary FORMS XX XX XX XX Whenever
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At this point, we have covered the
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The Evolution of HTML Since the web
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DOCTYPEs Because there have been se
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ID Attribute Every HTML element can
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Block Elements Some elements will a
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Grouping Text & Elements In a Block
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IFrames An iframe is like a little
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Information About Your Pages The
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Escape Characters There are some ch
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This example starts by using a DOCT
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Summary EXTRA MARKUP X X DOCTYPES t
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Flash is a very popular technology
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How Flash Works Since the late 1990
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Timeline: Flash, VidEo & Audio Web
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Adding a Flash Movie to Your Web Pa
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Understanding Video Formats and Pla
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Preparing a Flash Video for Your Si
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HTML5: Preparing Video for Your Pag
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HTML5: Multiple Video Sources To s
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Adding Audio to Web Pages By far th
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HTML5: Adding HTML5 Audio to Your P
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221 FLASH, VIDEO & AUDIO
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Summary FLASH, VIDEO & AUDIO XX XX
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In this section, we will look at ho
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Understanding CSS: Thinking Inside
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CSS Associates Style rules with HTM
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233 INTRODUCING CSS
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Using External CSS The element ca
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CSS Selectors There are many differ
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How Css Rules Cascade If there are
Page 248 and 249: Why use External Style Sheets? When
Page 251: Summary INTRODUCING CSS XX XX XX XX
Page 254 and 255: Color can really bring your pages t
Page 256 and 257: Foreground Color color The color pr
Page 258 and 259: Understanding Color Every color on
Page 260 and 261: Contrast When picking foreground an
Page 262 and 263: CSS3: HSL Colors CSS3 introduces an
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Page 266 and 267: Example COLOR Color body { back
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Page 272 and 273: The properties that allow you to co
Page 274 and 275: Typeface Terminology Serif Serif fo
Page 276 and 277: Choosing a Typeface for your Websit
Page 278 and 279: Techniques That Offer a Wider Choic
Page 280 and 281: Specifying Typefaces font-family Th
Page 282 and 283: Type Scales You may have noticed th
Page 284 and 285: More Font Choice @font-face @font-f
Page 286 and 287: Bold font-weight The font-weight pr
Page 288 and 289: UpperCase & LowerCase text-transfor
Page 290 and 291: Leading line-height Leading (pronou
Page 292 and 293: Alignment text-align The text-align
Page 294 and 295: Indenting Text text-indent The text
Page 296 and 297: First Letter or Line :first-letter,
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Page 302 and 303: Example TEXT Text body { paddin
Page 305: Summary TEXT XX XX XX XX XX There a
Page 308 and 309: At the beginning of this section on
Page 310 and 311: Article Box Dimensions width, heigh
Page 312 and 313: Article Limiting Height min-height,
Page 314 and 315: Border, Margin & Padding Every box
Page 316 and 317: Article Border Width border-width T
Page 318 and 319: Article Border Color border-color Y
Page 320 and 321: Article Padding padding The padding
Page 322 and 323: Article Centering Content If you wa
Page 324 and 325: Article Change Inline/Block display
Page 326 and 327: Article CSS3: Border Images border-
Page 328 and 329: Article CSS3: Rounded Corners borde
Page 330 and 331: 323 BOXES
Page 332 and 333: Example BOXES Boxes body { font
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Page 338 and 339: There are several CSS properties th
Page 340 and 341: Article Bullet Point Styles list-st
Page 342 and 343: Article Positioning the Marker list
Page 344 and 345: Article Table Properties You have a
Page 346 and 347: Article Border on Empty Cells empty
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Styling Forms Nobody I know enjoys
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Article Styling Submit Buttons Here
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Article Aligning Form Controls: Pro
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Article Cursor Styles cursor The cu
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349 LISTS, TABLES AND FORMS
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Example LISTS, TABLES AND FORMS
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Example LISTS, TABLES AND FORMS bac
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Summary LISTS, TABLES AND FORMS XX
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In this chapter we are going to loo
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Key Concepts in Positioning Element
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Controlling the Position of Element
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Article Normal Flow position:static
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Article Absolute Positioning positi
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Article Overlapping Elements z-inde
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Article Using Float to Place Elemen
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Article Parents of Floated Elements
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Article Creating Multi-Column Layou
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Screen Sizes Different visitors to
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Page Sizes Because screen sizes and
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Fixed Width Layouts Fixed width lay
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Article Fixed Width Layout To creat
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Article Liquid Layout The liquid la
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Layout Grids Composition in any vis
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Possible Layouts: 960 Pixel wide 12
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CSS Frameworks CSS frameworks aim t
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Article Grid-Based Layout Using 960
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Article Multiple Style Sheets @impo
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397 LAYOUT
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Example LAYOUT
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Example LAYOUT .more-articles p:las
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Summary LAYOUT X X elements are of
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Controlling the size and alignment
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Article Controlling sizes of images
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Article AligNing images Using CSS I
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Background Images background-image
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Background Position background-posi
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Article Image Rollovers & Sprites U
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Article CSS3: Gradients background-
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421 IMAGES
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Example IMAGES Images body { co
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Summary IMAGES XX XX XX XX XX XX Yo
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HTML5 is introducing a new set of e
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Traditional HTML Layouts For a long
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Headers & Footers The and eleme
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Articles The element acts as a co
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Sections The element groups relat
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Figures You already met the elem
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Linking Around Block-Level Elements
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443 HTML5 LAYOUT
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Example HTML5 LAYOUT HTML5 Layou
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Example HTML5 LAYOUT margin: 10px 0
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Summary HTML5 LAYOUT XX XX XX XX Th
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This section discusses a process th
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Who is the Site For? Every website
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Why People Visit YOUR Website Now t
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What Information Your Visitors Need
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Site Maps Now that you know what ne
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WireFrames A wireframe is a simple
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Getting your message across using d
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Visual hierarchy Most web users do
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grouping and Similarity When making
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Designing Navigation Site navigatio
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Summary PROCESS & Design XX XX XX X
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To wrap up the book we are going to
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Search Engine Optimization (SEO) SE
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How to Identify Keywords and Phrase
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Analytics: Learning about your Visi
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What Are Your Visitors Looking At?
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Domain Names & Hosting In order to
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FTP & Third Party Tools To transfer
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Summary PRACTICAL INFORMATION XX XX
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# symbol (links) 87, 88 _blank 86
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E e-commerce 33 editing content 56
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J JavaScript 208, 212, 218 JPEG 109
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send to back 369 serif typefaces 26
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TroubleShooting Here are a few prob
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HTML Elements 77, 79, 85, 441 53
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CSS Properties background-attachmen
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