Juan_Castro Marquez

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Figure 2.2. Diarrhea episode probability function and age at maximal value. a b Figure 2.3.Estimated probability of a diarrheal episode for a) Thermal variability (TV: High/Low) and b) Bodyweight (BW: Heavy/Light) groups. 39
Figure 2.4.Estimated probability of diarrhea occurrence across studies (GAM/GOS) in function of age and blood protein (BP). Figure 2.5. Permeability canonical variable distribution by age groups. Permeability Function is unit less (See Canonical discriminant analysis in materials and methods). Dashed ellipse: 14 days, Solid ellipse: 28 days. 40
Page 1 and 2: CALF INTESTINAL HEALTH: ASSESSMENT
Page 3 and 4: On the other hand, gut health as me
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I must thank my pa
Page 7 and 8: DISCUSSION ........................
Page 9 and 10: The resultant growth delay may have
Page 11 and 12: High [cAMP] causes Cl - secretion i
Page 13 and 14: paracellular flux, possibly due to
Page 15 and 16: Finally, thorough understanding of
Page 17 and 18: Soberon, F., E. Raffrenato, R. W. E
Page 19 and 20: On the other hand, gut health as me
Page 21 and 22: At the farm level though, these sco
Page 23 and 24: of the new born calf with the proba
Page 25 and 26: From exploratory plots (Figure 2.1)
Page 27 and 28: transported to the laboratory for i
Page 29 and 30: hypothesized, a quadratic function
Page 31 and 32: Effect of age, GIT region and FPT o
Page 33 and 34: coefficients vary from one to the o
Page 35 and 36: passive immunity status (Chase et a
Page 37 and 38: mucosa (Wyatt, 2000). Thus, for ins
Page 39 and 40: Finally, more indicators of gut hea
Page 41 and 42: Table 2.2. Estimated fixed effects,
Page 43 and 44: Table 2.5. Effect of GIT locations,
Page 45: a b c d Figure 2.1. Exploratory plo
Page 49 and 50: NAHMS. 2010. National animal health
Page 51 and 52: CHAPTER III MICROBIOTA COMPOSITION
Page 53 and 54: considered a monogastric (Orskov, 1
Page 55 and 56: MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals, Feed
Page 57 and 58: their nearest relative with a seque
Page 59 and 60: Microbial Community Composition. Th
Page 61 and 62: Intestinal SCFA Concentrations. Col
Page 63 and 64: ages, there is a visually evident d
Page 65 and 66: for most of the abundance differenc
Page 67 and 68: The PERMANOVA results (Table 3.13)
Page 69 and 70: In contrast, the rumen underwent ma
Page 71 and 72: lactate metabolism through extensiv
Page 73 and 74: CONCLUSION The rumen and colon of i
Page 75 and 76: Table 3.3. Regression coefficients
Page 77 and 78: Table 3.8. Contribution by specific
Page 79 and 80: Table 3.10. Indicator index values
Page 81 and 82: Figure 3.1. Richness and Shannon In
Page 83 and 84: a) b) Stress: 0.18 Stress: 0.18 c)
Page 85 and 86: Bacterial motility proteins Aromati
Page 87 and 88: REFERENCES Anderson, M. J. 2001. A
Page 89 and 90: Gibson, G. R. and X. Wang. 1994. Re
Page 91 and 92: Sutton, J. D., A. D. McGilliard, M.
Page 93 and 94: than GOS supplemented animals. Size
Page 95 and 96: score and, within block, treatments
Page 97 and 98:
from which 5 µm thick sections wer
Page 99 and 100:
Afterwards, to visually explore the
Page 101 and 102:
to estimate the expected number of
Page 103 and 104:
abundance of one or many of the sev
Page 105 and 106:
characterized by more abundant Lact
Page 107 and 108:
Visceral Organs Size Supplementatio
Page 109 and 110:
Average daily water intake at 2, 4
Page 111 and 112:
absorptive capacities are progressi
Page 113 and 114:
Regarding functionality, the transp
Page 115 and 116:
TABLES AND FIGURES Table 4.1. Nutri
Page 117 and 118:
Table 4.5. SIMPER for genera drivin
Page 119 and 120:
Table 4.7. Regression coefficients
Page 121 and 122:
Table 4.11. Least squares means ±
Page 123 and 124:
Table 4.15. Least squares means ±
Page 125 and 126:
Lactobacillus Clostridium Square ro
Page 127 and 128:
REFERENCES Anderson, M. J. 2001. A
Page 129 and 130:
Heinrichs, A., C. Jones and B. Hein
Page 131 and 132:
CHAPTER V EVALUATION OF VARIOUS ADD
Page 133 and 134:
of the umami flavor, into the duode
Page 135 and 136:
Dosing of glucose was based on prev
Page 137 and 138:
3% hydrogen peroxide (15 min). Sect
Page 139 and 140:
Genes selected to represent the GLP
Page 141 and 142:
protein were tested as covariates.
Page 143 and 144:
significant. Table 5.5 and Figure 5
Page 145 and 146:
(average calf BW = 50 kg), which, f
Page 147 and 148:
species specific dose response surf
Page 149 and 150:
Table 5.2. Gene ID, accession numbe
Page 151 and 152:
Table 5.4. Treatment means for plas
Page 153 and 154:
a b 3OMG Control Gluc Sweet GS 3OMG
Page 155 and 156:
R = 0.8, p < 0.001 Figure 5.3. NMDS
Page 157 and 158:
Margolskee, R. F., J. Dyer, Z. Kokr
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