“I Had a Dream to Finish School”

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A bamboo cane used by a teacher to cane students in a classroom lies on a desk at a secondary school in Mwanza, northwestern Tanzania. Human Rights Watch found that some teachers also beat students with wooden sticks, or with their hands or other objects. The abolition of school fees is one of the most important actions taken by the government to implement its ambitious education goals. Tanzania’s 2014 Education and Training policy aims to increase access to primary and secondary education, and to improve the quality of education. These goals are in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a United Nations initiative which sets a target for all countries to offer all children free, equitable, and quality primary and secondary education by 2030. The goals are also in line with Tanzania’s international and regional human rights obligations to realize the right to primary and secondary education for all. But it is only one of several short- to long-term measures needed to fully realize the right to secondary education for 6 “I HAD A DREAM TO FINISH SCHOOL”
all children in Tanzania. This report is based on over 220 interviews with secondary school students, out-of-school adolescents, parents and a wide range of education and government stakeholders in four regions of mainland Tanzania. Research for this report was conducted throughout 2016, coinciding with an important year for Tanzania that marks the rollout of free lower-secondary education and greater attention to the government’s secondary education plans. It builds on two previous Human Rights Watch investigations about abuses against children and the impact these harmful practices have on secondary education and well-being, conducted in 2012 and 2014 – Toxic Toil: Child Labor and Mercury Exposure in Tanzania’s Small-Scale Gold Mines and No Way Out: Child Marriage and Human Rights Abuses in Tanzania. A girl shows the marks she sustained on her legs from regular caning by teachers in her school. She told Human Rights Watch: “We have marks in the legs, they hit our hands, they hit us on the head.” HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH | FEBRUARY 2017 7
Page 1: H U M A N R I G H T S W A T C H “
Page 4 and 5: Copyright © 2017 Human Rights Watc
Page 6 and 7: Lack of Adequate Sanitation Facilit
Page 9 and 10: Summary and Key recommendationS HUM
Page 11 and 12: All photos © 2016 Elin Martínez/H
Page 13: Education has been a national prior
Page 17 and 18: HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH | FEBRUARY 2017
Page 19 and 20: HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH | FEBRUARY 2017
Page 21 and 22: teachers. Many also face sexual exp
Page 23 and 24: The government’s recent commitmen
Page 25 and 26: A snapshot of “Our Cries,” a we
Page 27 and 28: End Discriminatory Barriers and Sex
Page 29 and 30: young adults from ages 10 to 19, in
Page 31 and 32: I. Background: Secondary Education
Page 33 and 34: government allocated an additional
Page 35 and 36: As of March 2016, there were 3,601
Page 37 and 38: The World Bank, one of Tanzania’s
Page 39 and 40: IV, the last year of lower-secondar
Page 41 and 42: 20 percent of the population was 67
Page 43 and 44: to 18 years. 68 In August 2016, Tan
Page 45 and 46: consolidation of the foundations fo
Page 47 and 48: ensure that the standards of educat
Page 49 and 50: Under the CRPD, Tanzania is also ob
Page 51 and 52: Protection from Child Marriage and
Page 53 and 54: III. Barriers to Accessing Secondar
Page 55 and 56: Similarly, when students who could
Page 57 and 58: Free means [refers to] school fees
Page 59 and 60: are not given another opportunity t
Page 61 and 62: As discussed above, the Tanzanian g
Page 63 and 64: Watch walked more than one hour to
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IV. Corporal Punishment and Humilia
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Human Rights Watch asked senior sch
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Fatma, 16, said: “Teachers hit st
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alternative way of managing classro
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Female students in many schools mus
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If they [girls] come from far away,
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Difficult Return to School After Pr
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Sexual Exploitation and Harassment
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schools, exacerbated by impunity an
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teenage pregnancy. 250 The governme
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Lack of Adequate Sanitation Facilit
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Female students reported multiple c
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According to Theresa, 19: They didn
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VI. Barriers Faced by Students with
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education at the Ministry of Educat
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Oscar, 18, mentioned previously, ha
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VII. Lack of Quality Education in S
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to fill the gap in secondary school
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teacher to help. The school has no
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Some students reported being punish
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VIII. Lack of Adequate Educational
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Many vocational training schools ar
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• Immediately change existing pol
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• Immediately end pregnancy testi
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• Ensure students with disabiliti
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Urge the Government of Tanzania to
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Msigallah and Gisela Berger of CCRB
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“I Had a Dream to Finish School”

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