Telework - Telenor

8
be internally conflicting. However, some
general objects appear as important, and
in the conclusion of this introduction we
will point at some major challenges in
the years ahead.
First, there is a need to systematise and
integrate research that has been and is
done on a national and an international
level. Further, telework is a part of the
general trend towards globalisation of the
labour markets. National economies,
laws and regulations are challenged by
multinational and international companies,
employing workers from all parts of
the world. In this respect it is important
to try to analyse the impact of the emergent
globalism on working practices, as
well as similarities and differences
regarding how telework is implemented
and utilised in different settings and cultures.
During the last years, important
initiatives have been taken to measure
the distribution of telework in large-scale
European surveys (Korte, Wynne, 1996;
European Commission, 1998). The integration
of present studies and the establishing
of international research should
clearly be further developed.
Secondly, there is still a lack of theories
that help to explain and synthetise research
findings. Telework is a field of
research with a lot of separate studies,
with only few references to each other.
On the one hand, future research should
try to see how telework fits into existing
bodies of theories on eg. technological
changes at the workplace, structural
changes, organisational developments,
media choice, etc. On the other hand, it
would be helpful to develop genuine theories
of telework to understand more of
the dynamics in the development of telework.
Some recent publications have
started this work, trying to incorporate
telework into more general frameworks
of social sciences and theories of work
(Jackson & van der Wielen, 1998; Jackson,
1999).
There is a large literature on teleworking,
both paper-based and on the Internet. To
a large extent, this literature has a proteleworking
bias, often in mixtures of
descriptions and prescriptions, the majority
being simple assertions of the possibility
of teleworking. The lack of studies
according to academic standards motivates
the continued need for theoretical
and empirical studies. We hope that the
contributions in this volume represent
steps ahead for this exciting field.
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Telektronikk 4.1999