1.6. References 1. Dyer, A. An Introduction to Zeolite Molecular Sieves; Wiley: Chichester, 1998. 2. Weitkamp, J.; Puppe, L. Catalysis <strong>and</strong> Zeolites: Fundamentals <strong>and</strong> Applications; Springer: Berlin, 1999. 3. De Boer, R. Theory of Porous Media: Highlights in Historical Development <strong>and</strong> Current state; Springer: Berlin, New York, 2000. 4. Ishizaki, K.; Komarneni, S.; Nanko, M. Porous Materials –Process, Techmology <strong>and</strong> Application; Kluwer Academic: Netherl<strong>and</strong>s, Chapter 5, 1998. 5. Thomas, J. M.; Raja, R. Austr. J. Chem. 2001, 54, 551. 6. Doesburg, E. B. M.; De Jong, K. P.; Van Hooff, J. H. C. Stud. Surf. Sci. Cataly. 1999, 123, 433. 7. Tsuru, T. Separation <strong>and</strong> Purification Methods 2001, 30, 191. 8. Nair, B. N.; Okubo, T.; Nakao, S.-I. Maku 2000, 25, 73. 9. Misaelides, P.; Godelitsas, A. NATO Sci. Seri., Seri. E: Appl. Sci. 1999, 362, 193. 10. Stewart, M. P.; Buriak, J. M. Adv. Mater. 2000, 12, 859. 11. Kresge, C. T.; Leonowicz, M. E.; Roth, W. J.; Vartuli, J. C.; Beck, J. S. Nature 1992, 359, 710. 12. Beck, J. S.; Vartuli, J. C.; Roth W. J.; Leonowicz, M E.; Kresge, C. T.; Schmitt, K. D.; Chu, T-W.; Olson, D. H.; Sheppard, E. W.; McCullen, S. B.; Higgins, J. B.; Schlenker, J. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 10834. 13. Wei, Y.; Jin, D.; Ding, T.; Shin, W.-H.; Liu, X.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Fu, Q. Adv. Mater., 1998, 4, 313. 14. (a) Wei, Y. Xu, J. Feng, Q.; Dong, H.; Lin, M. Mater. Lett. 2000, 44, 6. (b) Wei, Y.; Xu, J.; Feng, Q.; Lin, M.; Dong, H.; Zhang, W.; Wang, C. J. Nanosci. Nanotechno. 2001, 1, 83. 15. Brinker, C. J.; Scherer, G. W. Sol-Gel Science: The Physics <strong>and</strong> Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing; Academic: New York, 1990. 21
16. Iler, R. K. The Chemistry of Silica; Wiley: New York, 1979. 17. Jones, R. W. Fundamental Principles of Sol-Gel Technology; The Institute of Metals: London, 1989. 18. Klein, L. C.; Garvey, G. J. J. Non-Cryst. Solid 1982, 48, 97. 19. Hench, L. L.; West, J. K. Adv. Mater. Opt. Electron. 1993, 2, 149. 20. Okazaki, H.; Kitagawa, T.; Shibata, S.; Kimura, T. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 1990, 116, 87. 21. Kim, K.; Jang, K. Y.; Upadhye, R. S. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 1991, 74, 1987. 22. Titulaer, M. K.; Jansen, J. B. H.; Geus, J. W. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 1994,168, 1. 23. Brinker, C. J.; Frye, G. C.; Hurd, A. J.; Ward, K. J.; Ashley, C. S. Ultra Structure Processing of Advanced Materials, Ulhmann, D. R.; Ulrich, D. R., eds., John Wiley & Sons, New York, p211, 1992. 24. Langlet, M.; Wals, D.; Marage, P.; Joubert, J. C. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 1992, 147, 488. 25. Yamane, M.; Shibata, S.; Yasumori, A.; Yano, T.; Uchihiro, S. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 1994, 2, 247. 26. Brichall, J. D.; Bradbury, J. A. A.; Dinwoodie, J. H<strong>and</strong>book of Composites, Vol. 1; Watt, W.; Perov, B. V.; Eds.; 1985, Elsevier: Amsterdam, p115. 27. Selvaraj, U.; Prasada Rao, A. V.; Komatneni, S.; Brooks, S.; Kurtz, S. J. Mater. Res. 1992, 7, 992. 28. Klein, L. C.; Woodman, R. H. Key Engineering Materials 1996, 115, 109. 29. Sing, K. S. W.; Everett, D. H.; Haul R. A. W.; Moscou, L.; Pierotti, R. A.; Rouquérol, J.; Siemieniewska, T. Pure Appl. Chem. 1985, 57, 603. 30. Breck, D. W. Zeolite Molecular Sieves; Kieger, Malabar, 1984. 31. Barton, T. J.; Bull, L. M.; Klemperper, W. G.; Loy, D. A.; McEnaney, B.; Misono, M.; Monson, P. A.; Pez, G.; Scherer, G. W.; Vartuli, J. C.; Yaghi, O. M. Chem. Mater. 1999, 11, 2656. 32. Raman, N. K.; Anderson, M. T.; Brinker, C. J. Chem. Mater. 1996, 8, 1682. 22
- Page 1: Nanostructured, Electroactive and B
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3.2 Experimental The synthesis appr
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3.2.3. Synthesis of Mesoporous Sphe
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fructose is incorporated into the s
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mainly attributed to the monolayer-
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with nonsurfactant templates at dif
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3.4. Conclusions and Remarks In the
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11. Matijević, E.; Gheradi, P. Tra
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41. Polarz, S.; Smarsly, B.; Bronst
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(a) (b) Figure 3-1. Typical SEM ima
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Volume Adsorbed (cm 3 g -1 , STP) 3
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Figure 3-5. Representative TEM imag
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(a) (b) Figure 3-7. Typical SEM ima
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Chapter 4. Synthesis of Mesoporous
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nm, and the reaction reaches the hi
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microemulsion. 39 Martino et al. re
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the colloidal gold sol was combined
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holders with adhesive carbon tape.
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trapped in the gold-silica matrix,
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108 The Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH
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indicative of a well-defined crysta
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(i.e., 2-50 nm). Combining both hig
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19. Hayashi, T.; Tanaka, K.; Haruta
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53. Qi, L.; Ma, J.; Cheng, H.; Zhao
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Figure 4-1. Representative X-ray en
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Pore Volume (cm 3 g -1 A -1 ) 0.06
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(a) (b) 122 Figure 4-5. (a) Represe
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Absorbance Wavelength (nm) Figure 4
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5.1.1. Organic-Inorganic Nanocompos
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128 We are also interested in the p
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mica and graphite, the top layer wa
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mode. Scanning electron microscopy
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Waal’s forces), the agglomeration
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136 A single glass transition tempe
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5.5. Acknowledgments 138 I want to
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30. Dimitrov, A. S.; Nagayama, K. L
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(a) (b) 142 Figure 5-2. Representat
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144 Figure 5-4. Representative AFM
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Figure 5-6. Representative IR spect
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(a) (b) Figure 5-8. Representative
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the possibility of utilizing conduc
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iocompatibility and water solubilit
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emeraldine salt, the unique conduct
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acid (HCl, 37.3%, Fisher), hydrogen
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the surface of polymer coated cultu
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acidic acid aqueous solution showed
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oxidant, indicating the formation o
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complex was synthesized by pre-alig
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8. Epstein, A. J. Springer Ser. Mat
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45. Liu, J.-M.; Yang, S. Chem. Comm
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Figure 6-1. Schematics of biologica
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172 Figure 6-3. UV-Vis absorption s
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Figure 6-5. FT-IR spectra of (a) co
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176 Figure 6-7. UV-Vis absorption s
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(a) (b) 178 Figure 6-9. Comparison
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prepared and purified as substitute
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greatest advantages of organic mate
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een explored as a direct and effect
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if we could fine-tune the carrier t
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NMR (250 MHz, DCCl3) δ (ppm): 8.95
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7.2.4. Instrumentation and Characte
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The absence of the proton from the
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194 The absorbance at 600 nm is the
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L3Al dissociated to free ligand (L)
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198 State and Integrated Circuit Te
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34. Stossel, M.; Staudigel, J.; Ste
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Table 7-1. The UV absorbance at 600
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Figure 7-2. Schematic cross-section
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Figure 7-4. NMR Spectra of ligand 1
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Figure 7-6. FT-IR spectra of (a) li
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Figure 7-8. During air oxidation: 1
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[A] 1.2E-04 1.0E-04 8.0E-05 6.0E-05
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Figure 7-12. Mass spectrum of alumi
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Chapter 8. Concluding Remarks 216 T
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218 In contrast to the conventional
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properties of gold nanoparticles ma
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222 In an effort to obtain new elec
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as sensor units, the biodegradable
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polyanhydrides, 4 polyorthoesters,
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substitution reaction, several hund
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polyphosphazenes. Obtained material
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polyphosphazene network. Studies in
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matrix is readily formed due to the
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236 The delivery system can be made
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phosphazene main chains. Further in
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9. Allcock, H. R. Adv. Mater. 1994,
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Figure A-1. Repeating unit in polyp
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Figure A-3. Applications of materia
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Figure A-5. Preparation of poly(N-i
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B.3. Acknowledgments 248 I am grate
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Figure B-2. Cyclic voltammogram (Hg
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Figure B-4. Cyclic voltammogram (Pt
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Figure B-6. Cyclic voltammogram (Hg
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Figure B-8. Cyclic voltammogram (Pt