33. Soten, I.; Ozin, G. A. Supramolecular Organization <strong>and</strong> Materials Design, Jones, W., Rao, C. N. R., eds., Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, 2002, p 34. 34. Karra, V. R.; Moudrakovski, I. K., Sayari, A. J. Porous Mater. 1996, 3, 77. 35. Huo, Q.; Margolese, D. I.; Ciesla, U.; Demuth, D. G.; Feng, P.; Gier, T. E.; Sieger, P.; Firouzi, A.; Chmelka, B. F.; Schuth, F.; Stuky, G. D. Chem. Mater. 1994, 6, 1176. 36. Antonelli, D. M.; Ying, j. Y. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 2014. 37. Tanev, P. T.; Pinnavaia, T. J. Science 1995, 267, 865. 38. Bagshaw, S. A.; Prouzet, E.; Pinnavaia, T. J. Science, 1995, 269, 1242. 39. Bagshaw, S. A.; Pinnavaia, T. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 1102. 40. Rosen, M. J. Surfactants <strong>and</strong> Interfacial Phonomena, 2 nd ed., Wiley: New York. 1989. 41. Corma, A.; Navarro, M. T.; Perez-Pariente, J. J. Catal. 1994, 148, 569. 42. Janicke, M. T.; L<strong>and</strong>ry, C. C.; Christiansen, S. C.; Birtalan, S.; Stucky, G. D.; Chmelka, B. F. Chem. Mater. 1999, 11, 1342. 43. Serrano, D. P.; Aguado, J.; Escola, J. M.; Garagorri, E. Chem. Comm. 2000, 20, 2041. 44. Roziere, J.; Br<strong>and</strong>horst, M.; Dutartre, R.; Jacquin, M.; Jones, D. J.; Vitse, P.; Zajac, J. J. Mater. Chem. 2001, 11, 3264. 45. Antonelli, D. M.; Ying, J. Y. Process. Prop. Nanocryst. Mater., Proc. Symp. 1996, 59. 46. Yun, H.-S.; Miyazawa, K.; Zhou, H.; Honma, I.; Kuwabara, M. Adv. Mater. 2001, 13, 1377. 47. Schuth, F. Ber. Bunsen. –Ges. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 1306. 48. Wong, M. S.; Antonelli, D. M.; Ying, J. Y. Nano. Mater. 1997, 9, 165. 49. Luca, V.; MacLachlan, D. J.; Hook, J. M.; Withers, R. Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 2220. 50. Orel, B.; Groselj, N.; Krasovec, U. O.; Jese, R.; Georg, A. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Tech. 2002, 24, 5. 51. Zhao, D.; Huo, Q; Feng, J.; Chmelka, B. F.; Stucky, G. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 6024. 23
52. Sayari, A.; Danumah, C.; Moudrakovski, I. L. Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 813. 53. Wei, Y.; Xu, J.; Dong, H.; Dong, J.; Qiu, K.; Jansen-Varnum, S. A. Chem. Mater. 1999, 11, 2023. 54. (a) Pang, J. B.; Qiu, K. Y.; Wei, Y.; Lei, X.; Liu, Z. F. Chem. Comm. 2000, 6, 477. (b) Pang, J. B.; Qiu, K. Y.; Wei, Y. Chem. Mater. 2001, 14, 2361. 55. (a) Zheng, J.-Y.; Pang, J.-B.; Qiu, K.-Y.; Wei, Y. J. Mater. Chem. 2001, 11, 336. (b) Zheng, J.-Y.; Pang, J.-B.; Qiu, K.-Y.; Wei, Y. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 2001, 49, 189. 56. Nenoff, T. M.; Thoma, S. G.; Provencio, P.; Maxwell, R. S. Chem. Mater. 1998, 10, 3077. 57. (a) Feng, Q. Novel Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Mesoporous Materials <strong>and</strong> Nanocomposites; Ph.D. Dissertation, Drexel University, 2001. (b) Y. Wei; Q. Feng; S. Cheng; K.-Y. Qiu; J.-B. Pang; R. Yin; K. Ong, Macromolecules, submitted. 58. Mikijeli, B.; Varela, J. A. Whittemore, O. J. Am. Ceram, Bull. 1991, 70, 829. 59. MaEnaney, B.; Mays, T. Porosity in Carbons, Patrick, J. W., ed., Halsted Press: New York, p93, 1995. 60. Stoeckli, H. F. J. Collo. Inter. Sci. 1977, 59, 184. 61. Huber, U.; Stoeckli, H. F.; Houriet, J.-P. J. Collo. Inter. Sci. 1978, 67, 195. 62. Brow, L. F. Travis, B. J. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1983, 38, 843. 63. Groszek, A. J. Mate. Sci. Foru. 1988, 25, 483. 64. Groszek, A. J. Carbon 1987, 25,717. 65. Tsuchinari, A. Hokii, T.; Shimobayashi, O.; Kanaoka, C. J. Ceram. So. Jpn. 1991, 99, 561. 66. Patrick, J. J. Microscopy 1983,132, 333. 67. Innes, R. W.; Fryer, J. R.; Stoeckli, H. F. Carbon 1989, 27, 71. 68. Gregg, S. J.; Sing, K. S. W. Adsorption, Surface Area <strong>and</strong> Porosity, 2 nd ed.; Academic: London, 1982. 24
- Page 1: Nanostructured, Electroactive and B
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- Page 45 and 46: which is usually associated with ca
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3.2.3. Synthesis of Mesoporous Sphe
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fructose is incorporated into the s
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mainly attributed to the monolayer-
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with nonsurfactant templates at dif
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3.4. Conclusions and Remarks In the
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11. Matijević, E.; Gheradi, P. Tra
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41. Polarz, S.; Smarsly, B.; Bronst
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(a) (b) Figure 3-1. Typical SEM ima
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Volume Adsorbed (cm 3 g -1 , STP) 3
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Figure 3-5. Representative TEM imag
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(a) (b) Figure 3-7. Typical SEM ima
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Chapter 4. Synthesis of Mesoporous
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nm, and the reaction reaches the hi
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microemulsion. 39 Martino et al. re
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the colloidal gold sol was combined
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holders with adhesive carbon tape.
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trapped in the gold-silica matrix,
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108 The Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH
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indicative of a well-defined crysta
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(i.e., 2-50 nm). Combining both hig
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19. Hayashi, T.; Tanaka, K.; Haruta
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53. Qi, L.; Ma, J.; Cheng, H.; Zhao
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Figure 4-1. Representative X-ray en
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Pore Volume (cm 3 g -1 A -1 ) 0.06
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(a) (b) 122 Figure 4-5. (a) Represe
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Absorbance Wavelength (nm) Figure 4
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5.1.1. Organic-Inorganic Nanocompos
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128 We are also interested in the p
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mica and graphite, the top layer wa
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mode. Scanning electron microscopy
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Waal’s forces), the agglomeration
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136 A single glass transition tempe
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5.5. Acknowledgments 138 I want to
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30. Dimitrov, A. S.; Nagayama, K. L
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(a) (b) 142 Figure 5-2. Representat
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144 Figure 5-4. Representative AFM
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Figure 5-6. Representative IR spect
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(a) (b) Figure 5-8. Representative
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the possibility of utilizing conduc
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iocompatibility and water solubilit
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emeraldine salt, the unique conduct
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acid (HCl, 37.3%, Fisher), hydrogen
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the surface of polymer coated cultu
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acidic acid aqueous solution showed
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oxidant, indicating the formation o
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complex was synthesized by pre-alig
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8. Epstein, A. J. Springer Ser. Mat
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45. Liu, J.-M.; Yang, S. Chem. Comm
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Figure 6-1. Schematics of biologica
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172 Figure 6-3. UV-Vis absorption s
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Figure 6-5. FT-IR spectra of (a) co
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176 Figure 6-7. UV-Vis absorption s
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(a) (b) 178 Figure 6-9. Comparison
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prepared and purified as substitute
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greatest advantages of organic mate
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een explored as a direct and effect
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if we could fine-tune the carrier t
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NMR (250 MHz, DCCl3) δ (ppm): 8.95
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7.2.4. Instrumentation and Characte
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The absence of the proton from the
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194 The absorbance at 600 nm is the
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L3Al dissociated to free ligand (L)
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198 State and Integrated Circuit Te
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34. Stossel, M.; Staudigel, J.; Ste
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Table 7-1. The UV absorbance at 600
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Figure 7-2. Schematic cross-section
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Figure 7-4. NMR Spectra of ligand 1
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Figure 7-6. FT-IR spectra of (a) li
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Figure 7-8. During air oxidation: 1
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[A] 1.2E-04 1.0E-04 8.0E-05 6.0E-05
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Figure 7-12. Mass spectrum of alumi
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Chapter 8. Concluding Remarks 216 T
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218 In contrast to the conventional
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properties of gold nanoparticles ma
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222 In an effort to obtain new elec
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as sensor units, the biodegradable
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polyanhydrides, 4 polyorthoesters,
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substitution reaction, several hund
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polyphosphazenes. Obtained material
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polyphosphazene network. Studies in
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matrix is readily formed due to the
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236 The delivery system can be made
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phosphazene main chains. Further in
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9. Allcock, H. R. Adv. Mater. 1994,
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Figure A-1. Repeating unit in polyp
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Figure A-3. Applications of materia
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Figure A-5. Preparation of poly(N-i
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B.3. Acknowledgments 248 I am grate
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Figure B-2. Cyclic voltammogram (Hg
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Figure B-4. Cyclic voltammogram (Pt
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Figure B-6. Cyclic voltammogram (Hg
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Figure B-8. Cyclic voltammogram (Pt