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LAN AUKERAK<br />
IKERTZEN<br />
Leire Refoyo Griñón<br />
Fatima El Bakkal Ait Bella<br />
Olatz Alberdi Landaluze<br />
Sheila Torvisco Blanco<br />
Janire Azpiazu Laka<br />
Unai Martín Ortega<br />
Elene Arriaran Garate<br />
1AF3<br />
2016-2017<br />
0
Aurkibidea<br />
Contenido<br />
Biztanleria ................................................................................................................................ 3<br />
Langabezia ............................................................................................................................... 5<br />
Lanpostuak ............................................................................................................................... 8<br />
Kontratu eta erregistratutako langabetuak .................................................................................. 9<br />
Bip per cápita .......................................................................................................................... 10<br />
Forma juridikoa ...................................................................................................................... 12<br />
Eskema honekin lotuta, bi enpresa mota handi daude: ............................................................. 13<br />
Kapital jabetza ........................................................................................................................ 15<br />
Etekinen helburua ................................................................................................................... 15<br />
Neurriaren arabera .................................................................................................................. 15<br />
Eremuaren arabera .................................................................................................................. 18<br />
Bigarren sektoreko enpresa eta langile kopurua ....................................................................... 24<br />
Eraikuntza sektorean okupatutako 16 urte edo gehiagoko biztanleria ....................................... 25<br />
Industrien sektorean okupatutako urte edo gehiagoko biztanleria ............................................. 26<br />
Nekazaritza eta arrantza sektorean okupatutako urte edo gehiagoko biztanleria ....................... 26<br />
Zerbitzuen sektorean okupatutako urte edo gehiagoko biztanleria ............................................ 27<br />
Export ..................................................................................................................................... 43<br />
Import ..................................................................................................................................... 46<br />
ABC COMPRESSORS. Arizaga, Bastarrica y Cía, S.A. .............................................................. 48<br />
BOJ Olañeta ........................................................................................................................ 52<br />
DEPRESA ............................................................................................................................. 52<br />
IK4Tekniker ....................................................................................................................... 54<br />
Industrias GOL ................................................................................................................... 54<br />
Delteco ............................................................................................................................... 55<br />
Haizelur .............................................................................................................................. 56<br />
Lubricantes especiales lancar .............................................................................................. 56<br />
FANUC .............................................................................................................................. 56<br />
TALLERES MYL SA ......................................................................................................... 57<br />
Balenzategui S.A. – Agua de Alzola, Basque Water .............................................................. 60<br />
Industrias Alzuca s.l ............................................................................................................ 60<br />
ATTEN2 S.L ...................................................................................................................... 60<br />
1
ETXE-TAR S.A .................................................................................................................. 61<br />
createch medical: ................................................................................................................ 61<br />
FUNDICIONES URKOASE: .............................................................................................. 62<br />
DINET: ............................................................................................................................... 63<br />
UNCETA: ........................................................................................................................... 63<br />
teknomeka kidelan s.a.u. : ................................................................................................... 63<br />
DANOBAT GROUP ........................................................................................................... 66<br />
ALKORTA FORGING GROUP ......................................................................................... 68<br />
2
Debabarrena<br />
Debabarrena Eskualdeko Mankomunitatea Mallabia, Ermua, Eibar, Soraluze, Elgoibar,<br />
Mendaro, Deba eta Mutriku udalerrien elkarteak osatzen du.<br />
1982ko maiatzaren 29an bihurtu zen eskualdeko mankomunitatea. Haren eskumenak<br />
hiri hondakinak eta haien parekoak biltzea, kaleak garbitzea eta eskualdeko txakurtegia<br />
kudeatzea dira .<br />
1990. urteaz geroztik, papera eta kartoia, ontziak eta beira biltzen ditu, eta 1994tik<br />
aurrera eskualdean dauden lau garbiguneak kudeatzen ditu.<br />
HERRIA<br />
BIZTANLERIA<br />
LAN<br />
POSTUA<br />
LANGABEZIA<br />
%<br />
BIP PER<br />
CÁPITA<br />
€<br />
ATZERRIAN<br />
JAIOTAKOAK<br />
MALLABIA 1.175 1.427 11,7 95.370,3 45<br />
ERMUA 15.989 3.976 17,8 19.215 1.108<br />
EIBAR 27.158 8.319 16,4 23.641 2.596<br />
SORALUZE 3.877 1.009 17,7 19.834,2 422<br />
ELGOIBAR 11.481 5.558 13,5 40.092,7 1.097<br />
MENDARO 2.039 1.620 12,8 59.884,5 166<br />
DEBA 5.427 2.429 13,7 35.543,7 385<br />
MUTRIKU 5.325 1.009 14,7 13.309,4 430<br />
Biztanleria<br />
30.000<br />
25.000<br />
20.000<br />
15.000<br />
10.000<br />
5.000<br />
0<br />
Mallabia Ermua Eibar Soraluze Elgoibar Mendaro Deba Mutriku<br />
3
Guztira 72.471 biztanle dira, emakumezkoak 36.634 eta gizonezkoak berriz 35.837.<br />
36.634<br />
35.837<br />
Gizonak<br />
Emakumeak<br />
Adinaren araberako biztanleriaren grafikoa egin dugu, 0 tik 19 urte tartekoak, 13.327<br />
biztanle dira, 20 tik 64 urte tartekoak, 42.594 biztanle eta 65 urte edo gehiago 16.550<br />
biztanle.<br />
ADINAREN ARABERA<br />
16.550<br />
42.594<br />
13.327<br />
0-19<br />
20-64<br />
>=65<br />
Debabarrena osotik 0tik 19 urte tarteko biztanleriatik 6.530 emakumeak dira eta 6.797<br />
gizonak. 20 tik 64 urte tarteko biztanleriatik 21.788 emakumeak dira eta 20.806<br />
gizonak. Eta 65 urte edo gehiago dutenetik 9.298 emakumeak dira eta 7.252 gizonak.<br />
0-19<br />
20-64<br />
6.530<br />
6.797<br />
Gizonak<br />
Emakumeak<br />
20.806<br />
21.788<br />
Emakumeak<br />
Gizonak<br />
4
=65<br />
7.252<br />
9.298<br />
Emakumeak<br />
Gizonak<br />
Urteetan zehar biztanleriaren egoera aldatu egin da 2001 urtetik 2005 urtera tartera asko<br />
jaitsi da biztanleria baino 2005 urtetik orain arte jaitsi zen dena igo egin da.<br />
72600<br />
72400<br />
72200<br />
72000<br />
71800<br />
71600<br />
71400<br />
71200<br />
71000<br />
70800<br />
EBOLUZIOA<br />
70600<br />
2001 2005 2010 2016<br />
Langabezia<br />
20,00%<br />
18,00%<br />
16,00%<br />
14,00%<br />
12,00%<br />
10,00%<br />
8,00%<br />
6,00%<br />
4,00%<br />
2,00%<br />
0,00%<br />
Mallabia Ermua Eibar Soraluze Elgoibar Mendaro Deba Mutriku<br />
5
Biztanle osotik, 4.226 langabezian daude, hau da %5,83a. 1812 langabetuak<br />
gizonezkoak dira eta 2.414 emakumeak.<br />
2.414<br />
4.226<br />
Gizonak<br />
Emakumeak<br />
Langabezia dauden denetik adinarekin sailkatu ditugu, 45 urte biztanletik<br />
2045 langabetuak dira.<br />
ADINAREN ARABERA<br />
2045<br />
236<br />
1947<br />
45<br />
6
Sektoreak:<br />
Zerbitzuak: 2.371<br />
Industria: 902<br />
Eraikuntza: 281<br />
Nekazaritza: 84<br />
Aurretiaz lanik ez: 588<br />
Sektore guztietatik gehiena langabezian daudenak zerbitzuko sektoreetan daude eta<br />
gutxien nekazaritza sektorean.<br />
SEKTOREKA<br />
588<br />
84<br />
281<br />
902<br />
2371<br />
Zerbitzua<br />
Industria<br />
Eraikuntza<br />
Nekazaritza<br />
Aurretiaz lanik ez<br />
Debabarrena osotik langabezia herriz herri ze tasa dagoen sailkatu dugu. Ermua da<br />
langabezia tasa haundiena duena da %17,80kin eta gutxien Mallabia da, %11,7<br />
langabezia tasarekin.<br />
20,00%<br />
18,00%<br />
16,00%<br />
14,00%<br />
12,00%<br />
11,70%<br />
17,80%<br />
16,40%<br />
17,70%<br />
13,50%<br />
12,80%<br />
13,70%<br />
14,70%<br />
10,00%<br />
8,00%<br />
6,00%<br />
4,00%<br />
2,00%<br />
0,00%<br />
Mallabia Ermua Eibar Soraluze Elgoibar Mendaro Deba Mutriku<br />
7
Urteetan zehar langabezia egoera aldatu egin da 2012 urtetik 2013 urtera tartera,<br />
langabezia igo egin zen, baino 2013 urtetik orain arte asko jaitsi da.<br />
EBOLUZIOA<br />
6000<br />
5000<br />
5180<br />
5529<br />
5371<br />
5015<br />
4494<br />
4000<br />
3000<br />
2000<br />
1000<br />
0<br />
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016<br />
EBOLUZIOA<br />
Lanpostuak<br />
Lanpostuari begira herriak aztertu ditugu, eta ikusi digu lanpostu gehien dagoen<br />
lekua Eibar dela, 8.319 lanpostuekin eta gutxien Soraluze eta Mutriku dira 1.009<br />
lanpostuekin. Kontuan izan behar dugu baita Eibar dela biztanleria gehien duen<br />
herria dela eta horren ondorioz lanpostu gehiago daude.<br />
9000<br />
8000<br />
8319<br />
7000<br />
6000<br />
5000<br />
5558<br />
4000<br />
3000<br />
3976<br />
2000<br />
1000<br />
0<br />
2429<br />
1427<br />
1620<br />
1009<br />
1009<br />
Mallabia Ermua Eibar Soraluze Elgoibar Mendaro Deba Mutriku<br />
8
Urteetan zehar lanpostuak igo egin dira asko 2012 urtetik ikusita orain aste. 2012<br />
urtean 15.548 lanpostu zeuden eta orain berriz 31.355 lanpostu.<br />
EBOLUZIOA<br />
35000<br />
30000<br />
28120<br />
31355<br />
25000<br />
20000<br />
15000<br />
15548<br />
18651<br />
20928<br />
10000<br />
5000<br />
0<br />
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016<br />
EBOLUZIOA<br />
Kontratu eta erregistratutako langabetuak<br />
Zenbat kontratu eta erregistratutako langabetuen konparaketa ere egin dugu ikusteko ze<br />
desberdintasun dagoen. 2012 urtean kontratuak eta langabetuak oso gertu zeuden baino<br />
pixkanaka urruntzen joan da orai arte. 2012 urtean 15.548 kontratu zeuden eta 5.180<br />
langabetuak eta 2016 urtean berriz 31.355 kontatu eta 4.494 langabetuak.<br />
35000<br />
30000<br />
28120<br />
31355<br />
25000<br />
20000<br />
15000<br />
15548<br />
18651<br />
20928<br />
10000<br />
5000<br />
0<br />
5180 5529 5371 5015 4494<br />
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016<br />
KONTRATUAK<br />
LANGABETUAK<br />
9
Bip per cápita<br />
Herrialdeen arteko konparaketak egiteko erabilgarria da oso eta normalean nazioarteko<br />
dibisa nagusi bat erabiltzen dute neurtzeko (euroa). Bizi-kalitatea neurtzeko erabilia da.<br />
Herri bakoitzeko pib per cápita grafiko baten bidez adierazi dugu eta Debabarrena<br />
osotik Mallabia da nabarmena gehien duena, 95.370€-koa eta gutxiena, Mutriku,<br />
13.309€.<br />
120.000<br />
100.000<br />
80.000<br />
60.000<br />
40.000<br />
20.000<br />
0<br />
Mallabia Ermua Eibar Soraluze Elgoibar Mendaro Deba Mutriku<br />
€<br />
Enpresa Motak<br />
Enpresa mota asko daude eta oso desberdinak, gainera, enpresa guztiek dituzte<br />
definitzeko ardatz diren ezaugarri orokorrak. Enpresa mota desberdin egoteak, zenbait<br />
sailkapen egiteko aukera ematen du, ezaugarri nagusi batzuei erreparatuz.<br />
Debabarrenan hainbat enpresa mota ezberdin daude, guk horietatik garrantzitsuenak eta<br />
ezagunenak aukeratu ditugu. Hauek aztertzeko hainbat irizpide jarraitu ditugu, banan<br />
banan beraien web orriak arakatuz. Enpresa garrantzitsuenak eta ezagunenak bilatu<br />
ondoren, Debabarrena osatzen duten herrietan sailkatu ditugu:<br />
10
11
Forma juridikoa<br />
Enpresa bat sortzeko gehien lagunduko gaituen lehenengo erabakia, forma juridikoki<br />
enpresak sailkatzea izango da. Oso erabaki garrantzitsua da eta kontu handiz aztertu<br />
behar da.<br />
Askotariko forma juridikoak daude eta bakoitzak bere ezaugarriak ditu, beraz, zure<br />
enpresa-ideiara hobekien egokitzen dena aztertu beharko duzu.<br />
Ez dago enpresa mota guztietarako balio duen eredu egoki bat. Enpresa-proiektu<br />
bakoitza desberdina da, hortaz, eredu bakoitzaren aldeko eta kontrako ezaugarriak<br />
aztertu beharko ditugu, gure proiektura hobekien egokitzen dena aukeratu ondoren.<br />
Jarraian, erabakia hartzeko orduan kontuan hartu behar dituzun hainbat alderdi<br />
adieraziko ditugu:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Enpresaren jarduera: arautzen duen araudiak forma juridiko zehatz bat<br />
erabaki dezake. Hau da, jarduera batzuen kasuan, hala nola banka,<br />
aseguruak, bidaia- agentziak eta abar, merkataritza-sozietate gisa eratzea<br />
exijitzen da.<br />
Sustatzaile kopurua: forma juridikoaren aukeraketa baldintza dezake,<br />
izan ere, gerta daiteke legeak gutxieneko bazkide kopuru bat eskatzea.<br />
Sustatzaileen erantzukizuna: beren gain hartu nahi duten erantzukizun<br />
mailak forma juridikoaren aukeraketa baldintzatzen du.<br />
Proiektuaren garrantzi ekonomikoa: proiektuaren behar ekonomikoek ere<br />
eragiten dute erabakia. Gainera, aukeratzen den forma juridikoaren<br />
arabera, gutxieneko kapital bat ordaindu behar da.<br />
Bazkideen arteko harremana: bazkide berrien sarrera mugatzeko edo<br />
soilik ekarpen ekonomikoa baloratzeko aukera dago.<br />
Alderdi fiskalak: enpresaren nortasun juridikoaren arabera, enpresaren<br />
fiskalitatea aldatu egiten da. Horrela, pertsona fisikoek PFEZ-a<br />
ordaintzen dute, berriz, pertsona juridikoek Sozietateen Zerga ordaintzen<br />
dute.<br />
12
Forma juridikoa aukeratzeko irizpideak kontuan hartuta, ordenamendu juridikoak<br />
ondorengo egitura juridikoak aurkezten ditu negozio bat martxan jartzeko:<br />
PERTSONALISTAK<br />
KAPITALISTAK<br />
EKONOMIA SOZIALA<br />
Banakako<br />
enpresaria<br />
Sozietate<br />
Anonimoa<br />
Sozietate<br />
Kooperatiboa<br />
Sozetate Zibila<br />
Sozietate<br />
Mugatua<br />
Lan Sozietate<br />
Anonimoa<br />
Ondasun<br />
Erkidegoa<br />
Erantzukizun<br />
Mugatuko Lan<br />
sozietatea<br />
Eskema honekin lotuta, bi enpresa mota handi daude:<br />
<br />
<br />
Banako enpresak: jabe bakarra dutenak, enpresaren jabea pertsona fisiko<br />
bat bada eta enpresak nortasun fisikoa badu. Adibidez, arrandegi txiki<br />
batean, enpresaburua eta kapitala jarri duen pertsona bera direnean.<br />
Sozietatea edo bazkideen enpresa: jabe bat baino gehiago dutenak,<br />
elkartu eta ondare erkidea sortzen dute, bakoitzak bere kapitala jarrita<br />
ustiapenerako.<br />
Forma juridikoa zer den eta teorikoki antolatuta nola dagoen ikusi eta gero,<br />
Debabarrena barruan dauden enpresa moten informazioa bilauz, nolako forma juridikoa<br />
duten aztertu dugu mapa mental baten bidez:<br />
13
14
Kapital jabetza<br />
Sozietate anonimo diren enpresetan jabetza ziurtatzen duen agiri akzioa, akzio bat<br />
daukana enpresaren zati txiki baten jabea da eta bere erantzukizuna akzioaren baliora<br />
mugatzen da. Akzioak etengabe eta modu askean eskualdatzen dira burtsan.<br />
Enpresaren jabetza-motak eta ondoriozko nortasun juridikoak enpresaren helburuak eta<br />
antolakuntza, erabakiak hartzeko eskumena eta hartzekodunekiko erantzukizuna<br />
eragiten dituzte. Enpresaren nortasun juridikoei buruzko legeria herrialde bakoitzaren<br />
merkataritza -kodean biltzen da batez ere.<br />
Enpresa baten kapitalaren jabetza kontuan hartuta, hiru enpresa mota daude:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Enpresa publikoak: Estatuaren edo erakunde publiko baten jabetzakoa da.<br />
Estatua enpresaren jabea da eta horietan helburua ez da izaten ahalik eta irabazi<br />
handienak lortzea, baizik eta errentagarritasun ezagatik ekonomia kapitalistako<br />
merkatuak batzuetan eskaintzen ez dituen ondasun eta zerbitzuak ekoiztea.<br />
Esaterako, Euskotren eta Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea.<br />
Enpresa pribatuak edo kapitalistak: pertsona fisiko edo juridiko partikularren<br />
jabetzakoa da. Adibidez, Danone, Telepizza, edo etxe ondoko edozein taberna.<br />
Enpresa mistoak: jabetza Estatuaren eta partikularren artean banatuta duen<br />
enpresa da. Esaterako, Altadis. Kapitalaren zati handiena publikoa bada, enpresa<br />
publikoa dela esaten da.<br />
Etekinen helburua<br />
Enpresaren etekinak zertarako erabiltzen diren kontuan hartuta, bi mota desberdinekoak<br />
izan ahal dira:<br />
<br />
<br />
Irabazi- asmoak dituzten enpresak: Enpresaren helburua irabaziak lortzea da eta<br />
ondarea handitzeko balio dute. Enpresa mota ohikoena da.<br />
Irabazi- asmorik ez duten enpresak: enpresaren estatutuetan jasotzen da<br />
irabaziak helburu sozialetarako erabiliko direla edo enpresa bera hartzeko eta ez<br />
jabeei ordaintzeko.<br />
Neurriaren arabera<br />
Enpresak, neurria aintzat hartuta, handiak, ertainak eta txikiak izan daitezke. Zenbait<br />
irizpide daude enpresak neurriaren arabera sailkatzeko. Irizpide nagusiak:<br />
15
Irizpide ekonomikoa: fakturazioaren bolumena. Salmentetatik lortutako dirusarrerak.<br />
Irizpide teknikoa: maila teknologikoa. Kapitalaren berrikuntza.<br />
Ondare- irizpidea:enpresak duen ondarea (ondasunak, eskubideak eta<br />
betebeharrak)<br />
Antolaketa- irizpidea: enpresaren langile kopurua eta haien antolaketa.<br />
Irizpide horietan ez daude neurri finkoak, sailkapena egiteko.Gaur egun, gehien<br />
erabiltzen den irizpidea, antolaketa- irizpidea da, langile kopuruari dagokiolako.<br />
Honen barruan, irizpideen balioak honakoak izan daitezke:<br />
Dimentsioa Langile kopurua Urteko fakturaziobolumena<br />
Aktiboak guztira<br />
Mikroenpresak 0-9 < 2 milioi euro < 2 milioi euro<br />
Enpresa txikiak 10-49 < 10 milioi euro 43 milioi euro<br />
Teorikoki nolako tamainakoak izan ahal diren orokorrean enpresak jakin ondoren,<br />
Debabarrenako enpresak tamainaren arabera sailkatu ditugu mapa mental baten bidez:<br />
16
17
Eremuaren arabera<br />
Enpresek jarduten duten merkatuak zer eremu geografiko hartzen duten jakiteko,<br />
hainbat mota desberdinetan sailkatu ahal dira:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Tokiko enpresak: herri jakin batean jarduten dute. Hiri bateko ur- konpainiak,<br />
herri bateko jostailu- denda bat …<br />
Eskualdeko enpresak: jarduera eskualde edo autonimia- erkidego bereko zenbait<br />
herri edo probintziatan egiten dute. Autobus- konpainia batzuk adibidez.<br />
Enpresa nazionalak: herrialde batean jarduten dute, Mercadona adibidez.<br />
Nazioarteko enpresak: Herrialde batean jarduten dute, baina ekoizpena beste<br />
herrialde batzuetara esportatzen dute.<br />
Enpresa multinazionalak: egoitza nagusia herrialde batean dute eta filialak<br />
dituzte beste herrialde batzuetan. Telefonica, Banco Santander adibidez.<br />
Nola jarduten duten enpresek aztertu eta gero, geografikoki non kokatzen diren<br />
Debabarrenako enpresak sailkatu ditugu mapa mental baten bitartez:<br />
18
19
Debabarrenako sektore motak<br />
Lehenik debabarrenako herri bakoitzeko funtzio desberdinak egiten dituzten hainbat<br />
enpresa aukeratu ditugu eta sektoreka sailkatu ditugu; lehen sektorea, bigarren sektorea<br />
eta hirugarren sektorea.<br />
1. Lehen sektorea: naturako baliabideekin eta lehengaiekin zuzenean egiten diren<br />
jarduerak barneratzen ditu. Adibidez, nekazaritza, arrantza, abeltzaingoa eta<br />
eraunste arloak .<br />
2. Bigarren sektorea: industria jarduerak barneratzen ditu, hauen bitartez<br />
lehengaiak eraldatzen dira. Adibidez, metalgintza, kimika, papergintza,<br />
elektronika...<br />
3. Hirugarren sektorea : ondasun materialak ekoizten ez dituen jarduerak hartzen<br />
ditu barne. Hemen zerbitzu guztiak sartzen ditugu: merkataritza, garraioak,<br />
banka, publizitatea, hasialdia ...<br />
Hau aztertu ondoren, herri bakoitzean zein sektoreak nabarmentzen diren ondorioztatu<br />
ditugu, jarraian ikus dezakezuen bezala Debabarrenean gehien erabiltzen diren<br />
sektoreak bilatu ditugu:<br />
- Ermua: automobil laguntzailea %56,6<br />
- Soraluze: tornileria %50,74<br />
- Mutriku: itsas kontserbak %45,71<br />
- Elgoibar: makina herramientak %34,02<br />
- Mendaro: automobil laguntzailea %37,31<br />
- Deba: automobil laguntzailea %24,51<br />
- Mallabia: mekanika %24,31<br />
Debabarrenan dauden biztanleri aktibo okupatuen sektoreen ehunekoak ere begiratu<br />
ditugu:<br />
20
Teorikoki sektore guztiak aztertu eta gero, Debabarrenako enpresen sailkapena egin<br />
dugu bi mapa mentalen bidez. Lehenengo mapa mentalean, enpresak sektoreka banatuta<br />
daude eta bigarren mapa mentalean, sektoreka banatuta daude ere, baina gehiago<br />
espezifikatuta, hau da, enpresa bakoitzak ze jarduera motan egiten duen lan.<br />
21
22
23
Debabarreneko herri bakoitzeko enpresa guztiak kontuan hartuta, grafiko bat egin dugu<br />
zein sektore nabarmentzen diren ikusteko.<br />
Grafiko honetan ikus dezakezun bezala, nabarmenki fabrikazioko sektorea nagusitzen<br />
da eta ehuneko gutxien duen sektoreak berriz, automozioa eta makinari dira.<br />
Bigarren sektoreko enpresa eta langile kopurua<br />
2% 2% 4%<br />
SEKTOREAK<br />
9%<br />
45%<br />
23%<br />
15%<br />
Fabrikazioa Merkataritza Manufakturazio Industria<br />
Mekanizatua Makinaria Automozioa<br />
Aeronautika espaziala<br />
24
Hurrengo taulan, bigarren sektore bakoitzeko datu desberdinak agertzen dira, langile<br />
kopuru eta enpresa kopuruarenak. Langile kopuruari dagokionez, nagusiena, metalurgia<br />
industriako eta metalezko produktuen fabrikazioak da, era berean, enpresa kopuruetan<br />
gehien daukana da.<br />
Eraikuntza sektorean okupatutako 16 urte edo gehiagoko biztanleria<br />
Grafiko honetan ikus dezakezun bezala, eraikuntza sektorea 1996urtetik 2001 arte<br />
igotzen hasi da, gero 2006 arte ia maila berean mantendu da eta hortik aurrera jeisten<br />
joan da 2016 arte.<br />
25
Industrien sektorean okupatutako urte edo gehiagoko biztanleria<br />
Grafiko honetan ikus daiteke, 2010. urte arte sektore honetan lan egiten duen jende<br />
kopurua gutxitu egin dela eta 2014. urtera arte maila berdinean mantendu dela, hau da,<br />
batez besteko 45 pertsonakoa.<br />
Nekazaritza eta arrantza sektorean okupatutako urte edo gehiagoko biztanleria<br />
Nekazaritza eta arrantzako sektorean, industriako sektorean bezala, biztanleria kopurua<br />
1996urtetik 2006ra gutxitzen joan da nabarmenki eta gero 2010urtetik aurrera<br />
pixkanaka-pixkanaka igotzen joan da.<br />
26
Zerbitzuen sektorean okupatutako urte edo gehiagoko biztanleria<br />
Zerbitzuen sektorean, berriz, biztanleria kopurua igotzen joan da 2001 urtetik 2011<br />
urtera bitartean. Honen aurretik biztanle kopurua mantendu egin dela esan dezakegu.,<br />
batzuek igo eta besteak jaitsi egin direlako, eta ondoren igoera txikiak ikusi ahal izan<br />
ditugu, non ia mantendu egin diren kopuruak.<br />
Meka lanbide eskolak erdi maila eta goi mailako zikloak eskaintzen ditu.<br />
Debabarrenean gehienbat bigarren sektorea nabarmentzen da, meka lanbide eskolatik<br />
automozioa, makinaria daude.<br />
Erdi mailan honako zikloak daude:<br />
KARROZERIA (Bigarren sektorea)<br />
Ziklo honetan honako puntu hauek ikasten dira<br />
Ibilgailuen konponketa lanak egiteko, osagarriak montatzea eta transformazioak<br />
egiteko, karrozeriaren, txasisaren, kabinaren eta ekipoen edo tresnen<br />
esparruetan.<br />
27
Informazioa interpretatzea, karrozeriaren arloko mantentze eta konponketa<br />
lanekin lotuta, egin beharreko zerbitzua ezaugarritzeko.<br />
Beharrezko makinak, tresnak, erremientak eta segurtasun-baliabideak hautatzea<br />
eta haien ezaugarriak eta aplikazioak identifikatuta, karrozeriaren arloan<br />
mantentze prozesuak egiteko.<br />
Ziklo honekin, lanbide hauek eduki ditzakezu<br />
Karrozero eta autoen margotzaile.<br />
Fabrikazio orokorreko prozesuetako margotzaile, karrozatu, soldadura eta<br />
makinen muntaian teknikaria.<br />
MENDEKOTASUN EGOERAKO PERTSONEN ARRETA (Hirugarren sektorea)<br />
Ziklo honetan, honako puntu hauek ikasten dira<br />
Mendekotasun egoeran dauden pertsonei etxeko eta instituzioetako<br />
esparruan arreta egitea.<br />
Laguntza jarduerak egitea, osasunekoak eta piskosozialak.<br />
Prebentzio etasegurtasuneko neurriak eta arauak aplikatzea.<br />
Telelaguntzako deiak kudeatzea.<br />
Ziklo honekin, lanbide hauek eduki ditzakezu:<br />
Premia espezifikoak dituen pertsonentzako zaintzarako bizitegi erakundeko<br />
langilea.<br />
Adineko pertsonen, minusbaliatu fisikoen edo psikikoen zaintzaria anitzeko<br />
erakundeetan.<br />
Etxez etxeko aditasunaren laguntzailea.<br />
Telelaguntzako teleoperadorea.<br />
ADMINISTRAZIO KUDEAKETA (Bigarren sektorea)<br />
Ziklo honetan honako puntu hauek ikasten dira:<br />
Administrazio laguntzako jarduerak egiteko, lanaren kontabilitatearen,<br />
merkataritzaren, finantzen eta zergen alorrean.<br />
28
Bezeroari edo erabiltzaileari arreta emateko enpresa publikoetan edo<br />
pribatuetan.<br />
Dagoen araudia eta kalitate protokoloak aplikatu.<br />
Bezeroen gogobetetasuna ziurtatuz eta laneko arriskuen prebentziko eta<br />
ingurumen babeseko arauen arabera ibili.<br />
Ziklo honekin, lanbide hauek eduki ditzakezu:<br />
Administrari laguntzailea eta bulegoko laguntzailea.<br />
Kobratuak eta ordainketen administrari laguntzailea.<br />
Administrari komertziala, pertsonal kudeaketaren administrari laguntzailea.<br />
Harreragile eta bezeroen arretarako langilea.<br />
Diruzaintzako langilea.<br />
ERIZAINTZA (Hirugarren sektorea)<br />
Ziklo honetan honako puntu hauek ikasten dira:<br />
Pazienteari edo bezeroari laguntzea eta bere inguruneko osasun baldintzen<br />
arloan lan egitea laguntza espezializatuko eta lehen mailako laguntzako<br />
zentroetan erizaintza taldeko kide bezala edo libreki dihardutenengatik<br />
eratorritako osasun zerbitzuetan osasun taldeko kide bezala.<br />
Ziklo honekin, lanbide hauek eduki ditzakezu:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Ospitaleetan erizaintzako laguntzailea.<br />
Bainuetxetan terapietako laguntzailea.<br />
Lehen mailako laguntzan eta etxez etxeko erizaintzako zaintzetan.<br />
Aho-hortzen kontsultoreetan odontologoaren laguntzailea.<br />
Geriatriako laguntzailea.<br />
Pediatrako laguntzailea.<br />
Esterilizazio laguntzailea.<br />
Unitate berezietan laguntzailea.<br />
Osasun mentaleko eta toxikomanietako erizaintzako erizaintzako laguntzailea.<br />
29
AUTOMOBILEN ELEKTROMEKANIKA (Bigarren sektorea)<br />
Ziklo honetan honako puntu hauek ikasten dira:<br />
Automozioaren sektoreko mekanikaren, hidraulikaren, pneumatikaren eta<br />
elektrizitatearen arloetan, mantentzeko, osagarriak muntatzeko eta<br />
transformazioetako eragiketak egiteko.<br />
Elektromekanikaren arloan mantentze eta konponketa eragiketei lotutako<br />
informazioa interpretatzea mantentze prozesuak egiteko beharrezko makinak,<br />
tresnak, erremintak eta segurtasun baliabideak hautatzeko.<br />
Ziklo honekin, lanbide hauek eduki ditzakezu:<br />
Ibilgailu, automobil eta motozikleten mantentze eta konponketa lanetako<br />
teknikaria.<br />
Fabrikazio metal mekanikoen prozesuetan mantentze orokorreko laneko<br />
teknikaria.<br />
SOLDADURA (Bigarren sektorea)<br />
Ziklo honetan honako puntu hauek ikasten dira:<br />
Galdaragintzako elementuak tutuak, metal egiturak eta metal arotzeriako<br />
elementuak fabrikatu, muntatu eta konpontzeko prozesuak gauzatzeko.<br />
Soldatze, mekanizazio eta konformazioko teknikak aplikatzeko.<br />
Kalitateari, laneko arriskuen prebentzioari eta ingurumen babesari buruzko<br />
zehaztapenak betetzeko.<br />
Ziklo honekin, lanbide hauek eduki ditzakezu:<br />
Metal eraikuntza finko zein mugikorretako elementuen fabrikazio, muntaia eta<br />
konponketako lanak segurtasun baldintzetan egitea, erabiltzen diren ekipo eta<br />
baliabide osagarrien lehen mailako mantenimendua eginez eta ezarritako kalitate<br />
kontroleko prozedurak aplikatuz.<br />
MAKINERIAREN ELEKTROMEKANIKAN TEKNIKARIA (Bigarren sektorea)<br />
Ziklo hau bukatzean, lan hauek burutzeko gai izango zara:<br />
30
Nekazaritzako, erauzpen-industrietako, eraikuntzako eta obra zibileko<br />
makineriaren elektromekanikaren arloan mantentze eta konponketa-eragiketei<br />
lotutako informazioa konponketa-prozesua hautatzeko .<br />
Elektromekanikaren arloan mantentze prozesuak egiteko beharrekozko makinak,<br />
tresnak, erremintak eta segurtasun baliabideak hautatzea.<br />
Neurketa eta kontroleko tresneria maneiatzea, horren funtzionamendua azaltzea<br />
eta matxurak aurkitzeko behar bezala konektatzea.<br />
Huek dira hurrengo irteera profesionalak:<br />
Nekazaritzako makineriaren, erauzpen-industrietako makinen eta eraikuntzako<br />
eta obra zibileko makinen elektromekanikaria<br />
Diesel injekzio-tresneriaren elektromekanikari doitzailea<br />
Sistema pneumatikoen eta hidraulikoen, transmisio eta balazta sistemen eta<br />
direkzio eta esekidura sistemen konpontzailea.<br />
Ordezko piezak fabrikatzen dituzten enpresetako langileak.<br />
Goi mailan dauden moduluak:<br />
GIZARTERATZEKO (Hirugarren sektorea)<br />
Ziklo hau bukatzean, lan hauek burutzeko gai izango zara:<br />
Jarduerak programatzea, diseinatzea, ezartzea eta ebaluatzea baliabide eta estrategia<br />
metodologikorik egokienak aplikatuz:<br />
Etxeko indarkeria prebenitzeko<br />
Behar fisikoei eta psikosozialei arreta emateko<br />
Etxeko kudeaketan laguntzeko<br />
Laguntza psikosozialeko<br />
Autonomia profesionaleko eta sozialeko trebetasunak trebatzeko<br />
…<br />
Huek dira hurrengo irteera profesionalak:<br />
Gizarte prebentzioko eta gizarteratzeko programetako teknikaria<br />
Askotariko egoitza ekipamenduetako hezitzailea<br />
Familiako langilea eta tutoretzako laguntzailea<br />
Gizarteratzeko teknikaria eta heziketa bereziko hezitzailea<br />
31
Minusbaliotasuna duten pertsonen monitoreak<br />
…<br />
HUR HEZKUNTZA (Hirugarren sektorea)<br />
Ziklo hau bukatzean, lan hauek burutzeko gai izango zara:<br />
Haur hezkuntzako lehen zikloan, 0-3 urte haurrentzako arretarako heziketa<br />
proiektuak eta programak diseinatu, gauzatu eta ebaluatzeko.<br />
Haur hezkuntzako etapa osoan, 0-6 urte, haurrentzako arretarako heziketa<br />
proiektuak eta programak diseinatu, gauzatu eta ebaluatzeko.<br />
Ingurune seguruak sortzeko, bestelako profesionalekin eta familiekin lankidetza.<br />
Huek dira hurrengo irteera profesionalak:<br />
Haur hezkuntzako lehen zikloko 0-3 urte haur hezitzailea<br />
0 eta 6 urte bitarteko adingabeekin aisia eta denbora libreko programa edo<br />
jardueratako hezitzailea.<br />
Hezkuntza esparru ez formalean eta instituzioetan 0-6 urte tartekon haur<br />
hezitzailea.<br />
Hezkuntza laguntzako auxiliarrak<br />
ADMINISTRAZIOA ETA FINANTZAK (Bigarren sektorea)<br />
Ziklo hau bukatzean, lan hauek burutzeko gai izango zara:<br />
Enpresa publiko edo pribatu baten, merkataritza-prozesuetan, kontabilitateprozesuetan<br />
eta prozesu fiskal eta finantzarioetan kudeaketa eta administrazioeragiketak<br />
antolatzeko eta egiteko.<br />
Indarrean dagoen araudia eta kalitate-kudeaketako protokoloak aplikatzeko eta<br />
informazioa kudeatzeko.<br />
Bezeroen eta erabiltzaileen gogobetetasuna ziurtatzeko eta laneko arriskuen<br />
prebentzioko eta ingurumen babeseko arauen arabera jarduteko.<br />
Huek dira hurrengo irteera profesionalak:<br />
Administraritza bulegoak<br />
32
Banka eta erakunde finantzarioetan<br />
Administratzailea<br />
Diruzaina<br />
Idazkaria<br />
AUTOMOZIOA (Bigarren sektorea)<br />
Ziklo hau bukatzean, lan hauek burutzeko gai izango zara:<br />
Automozioaren sektorean mantentze lanen eta logistikaren gauzatzea antolatu,<br />
programatu eta gainbegiratzeko.<br />
Automozioaren sektorean kasu konplexuetan matxurak diagnostikatzeko.<br />
Automozioaren sektorean araudiak eta ibilgailuaren fabrikatzaileak ezarritako<br />
zehaztapenak bete daitezen ziurtatzeko.<br />
Huek dira hurrengo irteera profesionalak:<br />
Ibilgailu industrialen eta turismoen mantendu eta konponketarako lantegietan<br />
harrera lana.<br />
Ibilgailuen matxura eta akatsen diagnostikatzailea.<br />
Ibilgailuen konponketarako lantegietan tailer buru, metal mekanikako<br />
industrietan talde buru.<br />
Aseguruetako perito tasatzaileak<br />
IAT guneetako teknikaria.<br />
METAL ERAIKUNTZETAKO (Bigarren sektorea)<br />
Ziklo hau bukatzean, lan hauek burutzeko gai izango zara:<br />
Galdaragintzako produktuak, metal-egiturak eta industria-tutueriako instalazioak<br />
diseinatzeko.<br />
Produkzioa planifikatu, programatu eta kontrolatzeko, fabrikatu beharreko<br />
produktuen prozesuari buruzko dokumentaziotik eta zehaztapenetatik abiatuta.<br />
Kudeaketaren eta produktuaren kalitatea ziurtatzeko eta laneko arriskuen<br />
prebentziorako eta ingurumen-babeserako sistemak gainbegiratzeko.<br />
33
Huek dira hurrengo irteera profesionalak:<br />
Eraikuntza mekanikoko teknikaria.<br />
Metal-eraikuntzetako fabrikazioaren arduraduna.<br />
Metal-eraikuntzetako muntatzaileen arduraduna.<br />
Galdaragintzako eta metal-egituretako delineatzaile proiektugilea.<br />
Galdaragintzako eta metal-egituretako ordenagailuz lagundutako diseinuko<br />
teknikaria.<br />
Galdaragintzako eta egituretako diseinatzaile teknikoa.<br />
…<br />
34
Enpresekin kontaktuan jarri<br />
Debabarreneko enpresa guztien datuak jakiteko azterketa eta analisi bat egin dugu. Datu<br />
horiek jakiteko, inkesta bat prestatu genuen, enpresa bakoitzak erantzuteko, galdera orokorrak<br />
dira, denak erantzun ahal izateko. Hasiera enpresa bakoitzeko web orrian, telefono zenbakia<br />
eta helbide elektronikoa hartu genituen beraiekin kontaktuak jartzeko.<br />
Lehenengo enpresa guztiei deitu genien, 8 dei guztira. Denek erantzun ziguten deiari, baina<br />
inkesta betetzeko telefonoz, bakarrak lagundu zigun erantzutera, Fundación Pública San<br />
Andrés.<br />
Telefono deia egiterakoan, hurrengoko gidoia erabili genuen:<br />
“Egun on, Olatz Alberdi naiz, Meka Lanbide Eskolako administrazioko ikaslea. Debabarreneko<br />
enpresak aztertzen ari gara eta horretarako inkesta bat daukagu. Lagundu ahal diguzu<br />
betetzen, mesedez? 3 eratara egin ahal da, telefonoz, e-mailez edo bertara joaten. Eskerrik<br />
asko zure arretagatik.”<br />
Fundación Pública San Andrés-en, erantzunarekin hurrengoko datuak jaso genituen; Eibarren<br />
kokatuta dago, 1969. urtean sortu zen, eta beraien lan eremua zaharren egoitza da. Bertan 71<br />
lankide dira, 3 departamentu nagusi dituzte, administrazioa, sukaldaritza eta manteni mendua,<br />
24 ordu egiten dute lan. Praktiketarako jende hartzen dute urtero, baina dualerako adibidez ez<br />
dute inoiz jenderik hartu, jendea hartzerakoan, batez ere erizaintzako arloan ikasketak<br />
edukitzea nahiago dute. Deialdi publiko baten bidez hautatzen dituzte, lan egiteko gogoarekin<br />
joatea eskertzen dute. Zerbitzu publikoa denez, ez dute krisiaren eragina izan. Eta azkenean,<br />
erreklamazioak dituztenean, batez ere familiarrekin izaten dira arazoak.<br />
Deiak egin eta gero, enpresa gehienek eskatu ziguten e-mailez bidaltzeko eta horrela hobeto<br />
erantzungo zigutela:<br />
Jaun/Andere agurgarria,<br />
Meka Lanbide Eskolako ikasleak gara eta e-mail honen bitartez atxikituta formulario bat bidaltzen<br />
dizuegu betetzeko.<br />
Aldez aurretik eskerrik asko, zuen denboragatik eta zuen erantzunaren zain egongo gara.<br />
Adeitasunez,<br />
Sheila torvisco,<br />
Meka Lanbide eskola.<br />
https://goo.gl/forms/8k3NHiRCNmvC0Sit1<br />
35
Dear Sir/Madam<br />
We are students of Meka Lanbide Eskola and we send you in this e-mail a questionnaire.<br />
Thank you for your time. Looking forward to your answer.<br />
Your faithfully,<br />
Sheila Torvisco,<br />
Meka Lanbide eskola.<br />
https://goo.gl/forms/8k3NHiRCNmvC0Sit1<br />
Erantzun bakarra jaso genuen, eta inkestaren erantzunarekin batera, hurrengokoa esan zigun:<br />
Arratsalde on,<br />
nere erantzunak bidali ditut.<br />
Eskertuko nizueke lana zertarako edo zein helbururekin azalduko bazenidan eta lan honen<br />
emaitzik jasoko dugun, jakinaren gainean egoteko.<br />
Eskerrik asko,<br />
MARISABEL ALBIZU<br />
Zuzendari Nagusia<br />
36
Eta erantzun horri beste e-maila bat bidali genion:<br />
Egun on Marisabel,<br />
Gure lanaren helburua debabarreneko enpresak aztertzea da. Sektore desberdinak sailkatu eta<br />
Meka Lanbide Eskolan dauden ziklo bakoitzaren lan egoera aztertu.<br />
Eskerrik asko, zuen laguntzagatik eta galdera gehiago badituzu, idatzi lasai e-mail honetara.<br />
Adeitasunez,<br />
Sheila Torvisco,<br />
Meka Lanbide Eskola,<br />
Astebete eta gero erantzun gehiago ez genituen jaso, horregatik guk topatutako enpresa<br />
guztiei bidali genien e-maila bitartez inkesta:<br />
Jaun / Andere agurgarria:<br />
Zuengana zuzentzen naiz informazio eske, zuen denboraren 5 minutu guregan erabili<br />
ditzakezuen galdetuz.<br />
Meka Lanbide eskolako ikasleak gara eta Debabarrenako enpresa garrantzitsuen informazio<br />
bila gabiltza. Inkesta labur bat dugu prest zuen esku jartzeko.<br />
Asko eskertuko genuke zuen agenda estu horietan bost minutu aterako bazenituzten guretzat<br />
inkesta bat betez. Nahi izan ezkero mezu honen bukaeran duzu inkestarako link-a eta errazago<br />
suertatu ezkero bukaeran inkesta duzue atxikituta.<br />
Mila esker guztiagatik aurretiaz.<br />
Agur t’erdi.<br />
Janire Azpiazu,<br />
Meka Lanbide eskola<br />
https://goo.gl/forms/WvSQDONvQowCYpCt1<br />
37
Dear Sir / Madame:<br />
We are writing to you in order to ask for information, and asking if it would be possible for you<br />
to spend 5 minutes of your time in us.<br />
We are students of Meka Lanbide eskola and we are collecting information about important<br />
companies of Debabarrena. We have a brief questionnaire to put at your disposal.<br />
We would greatly appreciate you taking a little time out of your busy schedules to fill out a<br />
questionnaire for us. If you want you have at the end of this e-mail the link questionnaire and<br />
if you find it easier, we attach the questionnaire at the end.<br />
Thank in advance.<br />
Yours faithfully.<br />
Janire Azpiazu,<br />
Meka Lanbide eskola<br />
https://goo.gl/forms/WvSQDONvQowCYpCt1<br />
Eta azkenik enpresa batekin bakarrik lortu genuen aurrez aurre inkesta betetzea, Rodisa S.L<br />
enpresa izan zen.<br />
Enpresaren izena: *<br />
Companies name:<br />
Schaeffler Iberia S.L.U.<br />
Herria: *<br />
Location:<br />
Elgoibar<br />
Noiz sortu zen enpresa?<br />
When was the company founded?<br />
01/01/1953<br />
Zein da zuen lan eremua?<br />
Which is your working field?<br />
Automobilgintza eremuko enpresa osagarria<br />
Zenbat langile daude enpresan?<br />
How many employees are there in your company?<br />
360<br />
38
Zein departamentu dituzue enpresan?<br />
Which departments are there in your company?<br />
ZUZENDARITZA / Managing<br />
EROSKETAK / Purchase<br />
EKOIZPENA / Production<br />
SALMENTAK / Sales<br />
MARKETING-A / Marketing<br />
ADMINISTRARITZA / Administartion<br />
FINANTZAK / Finances<br />
KALITAEA / Quality<br />
INFORMATIKA / IT<br />
IKERKUNTZA ETA GARAPENA / Research and development<br />
Otro:<br />
Lan-arriskuen prebentzioa, Ingurugiroa, Ideien kudeaketa, Learning & Development...<br />
Ze ordutegi duzue? Nola antolatzen duzue?<br />
Which is your work schedule? How do you organize it?<br />
Bulego: 7:30-16:00 Produkzio: 24h > 3 txanda: 6:00-14:00 14:00-22:00 22:00-6:00<br />
Hartzen duzue jenderik...<br />
Do you recruit people to...<br />
Praktiketarako eta dualeko ikasleak hartzen ditugu.<br />
Jendea hartzen baduzue; hauek zein ikasketa izatea duzue gustoko? Haien nota garrantzitsua<br />
da?<br />
When recruiting people which are the most important studies or qualifications? Are grades<br />
important?<br />
Produkzioan lan egiteko, Goi mailako bigarren zikloa, Bestelakoak, Lan-postuaren araberakoan<br />
Hautatze prozesuan zein metodo erabiltzen dituzue?<br />
Wich is the hiring process you use?<br />
Tenemos una empresa de seleccion externa, en la que se utiliza: Entrevista personal,<br />
realizacion de test de competencias y verificacion de CV<br />
Jendea hautatzean, zer da gehien baloratzen duzuena? Eta gutxiena?<br />
What do you value most when you hire people? And least?<br />
Una vez verificados los conocimientos técnicos, lo que más se valora es la implicación y<br />
compromiso, trabajo en equipo, adaptación al cambio y orientación a la calidad. No incluyen<br />
factores personales ajenos a necesidades del puesto.<br />
Azken urte hauetan krisia dela eta, igarri al duzue ekoizpenaren murrizpenik?<br />
These years that we are on crisis have you seen a sorteage in production?<br />
Se notó en el 2008-2009, y se recuperó a partir del 2010 Actualmente, la tendencia es alcista.<br />
Langileengatik zer espero duzue?<br />
What do you expect from your employees?<br />
Implicación y actitud Trabajo en equipo Adaptación al cambio Orientación a la calidad<br />
39
Langilerik kaleratu behar izan al duzue? Zenbat jakiterik badago?<br />
Have you had to fire any employees? Is it possible to know how many?<br />
No. Influyó solamente en el personal eventual y subcontratas.<br />
Salmentak/erosketak gutxitu al dira? Ze tamainatan?<br />
Have sales/purchases decreased? How much?<br />
No. La tendencia es al alza.<br />
Erreklamazioak dituzuenean, zein prozesu jarraitzen duzue?<br />
Wich process do you folllow to solve complaints?<br />
Se recupera el material defectuoso y se analiza. Si la reclamación procede, se envía al cliente<br />
un documento oficial (8D) explicando: 1. La causa Raíz 2. Las acciones correctoras<br />
Zein erreklamazio mota izaten dituzue?<br />
Which kinds of complaints do you usually have?<br />
Normalmente, defectos de fabricación.<br />
Beste herrialde batzuekin harremanik baduzue?<br />
Have you got relations with companies from other countries?<br />
Bai<br />
Norekin?<br />
Who with?<br />
Nuestra planta matriz está en Alemania. Asimismo, contamos con plantas de fabricación en<br />
todo el mundo: USA, China, Francia, Alemania, India, Brasil, México, Portugal, Italia, Hungría,<br />
Sudáfrica...<br />
Nola hasi zineten kanpoko enpresekin harremanetan?<br />
How did you start your relationship with foreign companies?<br />
1958: Adquisición parcial por INA 1988: Integración 100% en la organización INA<br />
Ze harreman mota duzue kanpoko enpresa hauekin?<br />
What kind of relationship do you have with these countries?<br />
Intercambio de Know How Suministro de nuestro producto para montaje posterior en otras<br />
plantas<br />
Baduzue sukurtsalik beste herrialde baten?<br />
Has your company subsidiaries in other countries?<br />
EZ / No<br />
Pentsatuta duzue zabaltzea?<br />
Have you thought about expanding?<br />
EZ / No<br />
Saldu edo erosi egiten duzue? Edo biak?<br />
Do you sell or buy? Or both?<br />
BIAK / Both<br />
40
Nora harte nahi duzue heldu?<br />
Where do you want to reach?<br />
Somos lideres de mercado y queremos mantenernos<br />
Zein hizkuntzarekin egiten duzue lan?<br />
Which languages do you work with?<br />
EUSKARA / Basque<br />
GAZTELERA / Spanish<br />
INGELESA / English<br />
ALEMANA / German<br />
41
Internationalization<br />
Internationalization is a long-term process. It is the process of designing a product so<br />
that it can be adapted to various languages and regions without engineering changes.<br />
Think of internationalization as readiness for localization. Internationalization can save<br />
significant expense, time, and headaches for everyone involved. Sometimes written as<br />
"i18n", internationalization evolved from a growing demand for multilingual products<br />
and applications.<br />
There are many benefits to i18n, including:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Easier adaptation of software applications (or other content) to multiple locales<br />
Reduced time and cost for localization<br />
Single, internationalized source code for all versions of the product<br />
Simpler maintenance<br />
Improved quality and code architecture<br />
Reduced overall cost of ownership of the multiple versions of the product<br />
Adherence to international standards<br />
Some practical examples of how internationalization is critical to multilingual products<br />
include:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Independence from a specific language/character set encoding<br />
Independence from specific cultural conventions<br />
Removal of hard-coded text<br />
Minimization of concatenated text strings<br />
Careful use of in-line variables<br />
Compatibility with third-party tools<br />
Unicode compliance for global text display<br />
Accommodation of double-byte languages (for example, Japanese)<br />
<br />
Accommodation of right-to-left languages (for example, Arabic)<br />
Internationalization is a critical business process for any company producing<br />
multilingual products. It is important to consider the various markets a product will<br />
target and make the necessary adaptations early in product design and development.<br />
Many users have experienced the frustration of non-internationalized products — forms<br />
not having the currency they expect, fields or text boxes being too large or too small for<br />
their contents and countless other frustrations big and small. For businesses and<br />
products to succeed internationally, i18n is critical.<br />
42
When done right, i18n makes subsequent localization tasks much easier, faster, and less<br />
expensive. Internationalization responsibilities rest primarily on the shoulders of<br />
development teams and software engineers, but some full-service localization providers<br />
offer i18n consulting services as well.<br />
Internationalization might mean designing a website that when it is translated from<br />
English to Spanish the layout still works - many words in Spanish have more characters<br />
and therefore take up more space on the page in Spanish than in English.<br />
Within the internationalization, we have import and export:<br />
Export<br />
The term export means shipping in the goods and services out of the jurisdiction of a<br />
country. The seller of such goods and services is referred to as an "exporter" and is<br />
based in the country of export whereas the overseas based buyer is referred to as an<br />
"importer". In international trade, "exports" refers to selling goods and services<br />
produced in the home country to other markets.<br />
Export of commercial quantities of goods normally requires involvement of the customs<br />
authorities in both the country of export and the country of import. The advent of small<br />
trades over the internet such as through Amazon and eBay have largely bypassed the<br />
involvement of Customs in many countries because of the low individual values of<br />
these trades. Nonetheless, these small exports are still subject to legal restrictions<br />
applied by the country of export. An export's counterpart is an import.<br />
An export is a function of international trade whereby goods produced in one country,<br />
they are shipped to another country for future sale or trade. The sale of such goods adds<br />
to the producing nation's gross output. If used for trade, exports are exchanged for other<br />
products or services in other countries.<br />
Exports are one of the oldest forms of economic transfer and occur on a large scale<br />
between nations that have fewer restrictions on trade, such as tariffs or subsides.<br />
Most of the largest companies operating advanced economies derive a substantial<br />
portion of their annual revenues from exports to other countries. Companies export<br />
products and services for a multitude of reasons. Exporting, if done correctly, has the<br />
ability to increase sales and profits by expanding into new markets.<br />
Advantages of exporting<br />
Ownership advantages are the firm's specific assets, international experience, and the<br />
ability to develop either low-cost or differentiated products within the contacts of<br />
its value chain. The locational advantages of a particular market are a combination<br />
of market potential and investment risk. Internationalization advantages are the benefits<br />
of retaining a core competence within the company and threading it though the value<br />
chain rather than obtain to license, outsource, or sell it. In relation to the Eclectic<br />
paradigm, companies that have low levels of ownership advantages either do not enter<br />
foreign markets. If the company and its products are equipped with ownership<br />
advantage and internalization advantage, they enter through low-risk modes such as<br />
exporting. Exporting requires significantly lower level of investment than other modes<br />
43
of international expansion, such as FDI. As you might expect, the lower risk of export<br />
typically results in a lower rate of return on sales than possible though other modes<br />
of international business. In other words, the usual return on export sales may not be<br />
tremendous, but neither is the risk. Exporting allows managers to exercise operation<br />
control but does not provide them the option to exercise as much marketing control<br />
Disadvantages of exporting<br />
For Small-and-Medium Enterprises (SME) with less than 250 employees, selling goods<br />
and services to foreign markets seems to be more difficult than serving the domestic<br />
market. The lack of knowledge for trade regulations, cultural differences, different<br />
languages and foreign-exchange situations as well as the strain of resources and staff<br />
interact like a block for exporting. Indeed, there are some SME's which are exporting,<br />
but nearly two-third of them sell in only to one foreign market. [16] The following<br />
assumption shows the main disadvantages:<br />
<br />
<br />
Financial management effort: To minimize the risk of exchange-rate fluctuation<br />
and transactions processes of export activity the financial management needs<br />
more capacity to cope the major effort<br />
Customer demand: International customers demand more services from their<br />
vendor like installation and startup of equipment, maintenance or more delivery<br />
services.<br />
Communication technologies improvement: The improvement of<br />
communication technologies in recent years enable the customer to interact with<br />
more suppliers while receiving more information and cheaper communications<br />
cost at the same time like 20 years ago. This leads to more transparency. The<br />
vendor is in duty to follow the real-time demand and to submit all transaction<br />
details.<br />
Management mistakes: The management might tap in some of the<br />
organizational pitfalls, like poor selection of oversea agents or distributors or<br />
chaotic global organization.<br />
Direct selling in export strategy<br />
Direct selling involves sales representatives, distributors, or retailers who are<br />
located outside the exporter's home country. Direct exports are goods and services that<br />
are sold to an independent party outside of the exporter’s home country. Mainly the<br />
companies are pushed by core competencies and improving their performance of value<br />
chain.<br />
Direct selling through distributors<br />
44
It is considered to be the most popular option to companies, to develop their<br />
own international marketing capability. This is achieved by charging personnel from the<br />
company to give them greater control over their operations. Direct selling also give the<br />
company greater control over the marketing function and the opportunity to earn more<br />
profits. In other cases where network of sales representative, the company can transfer<br />
them exclusive rights to sell in a particular geographic region.<br />
A distributor in a foreign country is a merchant who purchases the product from the<br />
manufacturer and sells them at profit. Distributors usually carry stock inventory and<br />
service the product, and in most cases distributes deals with retailers rather than end<br />
users.<br />
Evaluating Distributors<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
The size and capabilities of its sales force.<br />
An analysis of its territory.<br />
Its current product mix.<br />
Its facilities and equipment.<br />
Its marketing polices.<br />
Its customer profit.<br />
Its promotional strategy.<br />
Its policy against the abstract data protocols.<br />
Direct selling through foreign retailers and end users<br />
Exporters can also sell directly to foreign retailers. Usually, products are limited to<br />
consumer lines; it can also sell to direct end users. A good way to generate such sales is<br />
by printing catalogs or attending trade shows.<br />
Direct selling over the Internet<br />
Electronic commerce is an important mean to small and big companies all over the<br />
world, to trade internationally. We already can see how important E-commerce is for<br />
marketing growth among exporters companies in emerging economies, in order to<br />
overcome capital and infrastructure barriers.<br />
E-commerce eased engagements, provided faster and cheaper delivery of information,<br />
generates quick feedback on new products, improves customer service, accesses a<br />
global audience, levels the field of companies, and support electronics data interchange<br />
with suppliers and customers.<br />
Indirect selling<br />
Indirect exports, is simply selling goods to or through an independent<br />
domestic intermediary in their own home county. Then intermediaries export the<br />
products to customers foreign markets.<br />
Making the export decision<br />
45
Once a company determines it has exportable products, it must still consider other<br />
factors, such as the following:<br />
<br />
<br />
What does the company want to gain from exporting?<br />
Is exporting consistent with other company goals?<br />
What demands will exporting place on the company's key resources -<br />
management and personnel, production capacity, and finance - and how will<br />
these demands be met?<br />
<br />
Are the expected benefits worth the costs, or would company resources be better<br />
used for developing new domestic business?<br />
Import<br />
An import is a good brought into a jurisdiction, especially across a national border, from<br />
an external source. The party bringing in the good is called an importer. An import in<br />
the receiving country is an export from the sending country. Importation and<br />
exportation are the defining financial transactions of international trade. In international<br />
trade, the importation and exportation of goods are limited by import quotas and<br />
mandates from the customs authority. The importing and exporting jurisdictions may<br />
impose a tariff on the goods. In addition, the importation and exportation of goods are<br />
subject to trade agreements between the importing and exporting jurisdictions.<br />
The word "import" is derived from the word "port," since goods are often shipped via<br />
boat to foreign countries. Along with exports, imports form the backbone<br />
of international trade; the higher the value of imports entering a country, compared to<br />
the value of exports, the more negative that country's balance of trade becomes.<br />
Countries are most likely to import goods that domestic industries cannot produce as<br />
efficiently or cheaply but may also import raw materials or commodities that are not<br />
available within its borders<br />
There are two basic types of import:<br />
<br />
<br />
Industrial and consumer goods<br />
Intermediate goods and services<br />
Companies import goods and services to supply to the domestic market at a cheaper<br />
price and better quality than competing goods manufactured in the domestic market.<br />
Companies import products that are not available in the local market.<br />
There are three broad types of importers:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Looking for any product around the world to import and sell.<br />
Looking for foreign sourcing to get their products at the cheapest price.<br />
Using foreign sourcing as part of their global supply chain.<br />
Direct-import refers to a type of business importation involving a major retailer and an<br />
overseas manufacturer. A retailer typically purchases products designed by local<br />
companies that can be manufactured overseas. In a direct-import program, the retailer<br />
46
ypasses the local supplier and buys the final product directly from the manufacturer,<br />
possibly saving in added cost data on the value of imports and their quantities often<br />
broken down by detailed lists of products are available in statistical collections on<br />
international trade published by the statistical services of intergovernmental<br />
organizations, supranational statistical institutes and national statistical institutes.<br />
On the next pages we have analyzed some companies of Debabarrena, including<br />
information like history, subsidiaries and languages.<br />
The following infographic is a resume of the information we have compiled with<br />
questionnaires sent to Debabarrena companies:<br />
We have sent 38 questionnaires to the different companies, and we have received 12<br />
answers. We have analyzed this responses, and we made graphics with this information.<br />
First we looked if they don´t have affiliated companies if they import and export goods.<br />
Second we analyzed how many companies has answered us.<br />
Third we looked for companies who has subsidiaries in other countries or not.<br />
Fourth, we looked for if they only export, only import o if they do both of them.<br />
Fifth, in this part we asked if they want to open subsidiaries in other countries. Same<br />
companies have already affiliated companies abroad.<br />
And finally, we wanted to know with which languages they work.<br />
47
47
ABC COMPRESSORS. Arizaga, Bastarrica y Cía, S.A.<br />
Company<br />
Since its foundation in 1943, ABC has provided the most reliable compressors for<br />
different applications. Its global orientation and the commitment for growth was shown<br />
from its early exports in the 50’s to its latest geographical expansion, having delivered<br />
compressors in more than 120 countries.<br />
Similarly, ABC COMPRESSORS has adapted its product range to customized<br />
solutions and to the demands of new markets, such as PET blowing, where it was a<br />
pioneer in the 80s with the four-stage PET compressor, or as gas applications since the<br />
70s.<br />
Becoming a worldwide benchmark in the piston compressor industry has always been<br />
ABC COMPRESSORS’ goal. The company is continuously expanding and<br />
consolidating as a global solution supplier (with its new assembly plants in China and<br />
Brazil, and the opening of new service outlets worldwide), offering the more robust and<br />
efficient compressors.<br />
Organization and resources<br />
ABC COMPRESSORS offers to its customers different supply alternatives, ensuring<br />
the quality through the entire production in Eibar.<br />
ABC COMPRESSORS has over 20.000m² of facilities all over the world for the<br />
production, assembly and testing of compressors.<br />
All the machines are produced and assembled at its factory in Eibar (Spain), on its own<br />
machining lines, guaranteeing the quality of all the fine parts.<br />
After this, both in Eibar factory and in assembly plants of Wujiang (China) and Itupeva<br />
(Brazil), the ABC compressors are assembled with their peripherals on a single chassis<br />
frame, and real operating tests are performed on the entire units before the delivery to<br />
customer.<br />
Thus, ABC COMPRESSORS guarantees that its compressors are 100% manufactured,<br />
machined, assembled and tested in Spain, with total process control and in accordance<br />
with European quality standards, assembling the complete package on a single chassis<br />
frame in any of its facilities.<br />
ABC COMPRESSORS the most important resources are people, providing solutions<br />
and supporting customers worldwide.<br />
Additionally, the international sales and service network guarantees local assistance and<br />
a speedy response, thanks to its qualified staff and its official working and quality<br />
standards.<br />
48
ABC EIBAR ABC WUJIANG ABC ITUPEVA<br />
ENGINEERING AND R&D&I<br />
PROJECT MANAGEMENT<br />
MECHANIZATION<br />
BARE COMPRESSOR ASSEMBLY<br />
COMPRESSOR PACKAGE ASSEMBLY<br />
COMPRESSOR PACKAGE TESTING<br />
Milestones and projects<br />
Since it was founded, ABC COMPRESSORS has extended its activity to different<br />
applications and geographical areas.<br />
In order to continuously adapt its offer to market requirements and improve customer<br />
accessibility, it is developing ambitious projects in the R&D, production, sales and<br />
service areas, which are leading to:<br />
The launch of major product improvements with the production of new and improved<br />
compressor models: 3HA-4-TER-LT, 4HP-6-LT…<br />
The reinforcement of technical and production capacities, with the employment of new<br />
workers and the use of cutting-edge technologies.<br />
The expansion of the sales and service network, with new sales and service offices in<br />
Indonesia, Saudi Arabia…<br />
49
1943<br />
• Company founded in Eibar<br />
1950<br />
• 1 st compressor in Europe.<br />
• Opening of factory in Matxaria, Eibar<br />
1960<br />
• 1 st compressor in Latin America.<br />
• 1 st gas compressor.<br />
1970<br />
• Matxaria plant expansion<br />
• Opening of sales delegations in Spain<br />
• 1 st petrochemical compressor<br />
• Development of 4-stage compressor<br />
• 1 st nuclear power installation<br />
• 1 st compressor in Africa<br />
1980<br />
• 1 st PETcompressor<br />
• 1 st cogeneration compressor<br />
• Opening of sales offices internationally<br />
• 1 st compressor in Asia<br />
1990<br />
• 1 st water treatment compressor<br />
• Opening of factory in Azitain, Eibar<br />
2000<br />
• Development of 6-stage compressor<br />
• Manufactured in accordance with API618<br />
• Delegation network expansion to the 5 continents<br />
2010<br />
• Opening of new factory Itupeva, Brazil<br />
• Opening of new factory Wujiang, China<br />
2013<br />
• 70th anniversary of the company<br />
50
Technology and quality<br />
ABC COMPRESSORS adapts its solutions to all the requirements, collaborating with<br />
and advising for final customers and engineering departments on the configuration of<br />
the equipment.<br />
The manufacturing is done in accordance with the strictest quality control standards to<br />
guarantee the reliability of the compressors, controlling each part and ensuring that the<br />
unit operates perfectly before delivering it to the customer.<br />
Therefore, the following product tests are carried out:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Dimensional controls.<br />
Non-destructive testing (ultra-sound, liquid penetrant, weld radiography,<br />
hardness control…)<br />
Unit-by-unit testing of control equipment.<br />
In line with the objective of testing the complete compressor units before supply, ABC<br />
COMPRESSORS' engineering department designs all the solutions on a frame chassis<br />
with all the peripherals interconnected at the factory.<br />
To sum up, quality reflects the organization where everybody works in accordance with<br />
the same procedures, processes and work systems, becoming the responsibility and<br />
commitment the key features of ABC COMPRESSORS.<br />
Project management<br />
Project Managers lead a team of mechanical and electronic experts, as well as<br />
applications engineers from ABC, throughout the whole process: from the design to<br />
start up. Advanced engineering and management tools are used. The sales team,<br />
together with the Project Manager, work closely with both the technical staff from the<br />
client and the engineering companies, with the following targets:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Analysis and study of the customer requirements<br />
Configuration of compressor and auxiliary equipment<br />
Definition of the electric and control diagrams<br />
After this detailed engineering step, the main documents are ready to be reviewed, if<br />
necessary, by the client or engineering contractor, and then, launched into production.<br />
The quality begins with each piece and finishes with the guarantee of operation, by<br />
testing the whole compressor set. That’s why all ABC production and assembly<br />
facilities are fitted with one test installation, with more than 1.000m². Here, the<br />
operation and performance parameters of the machine are tested under real conditions<br />
based on customers’ requirements.<br />
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In order to be able to test the whole compressor set before being supplied, the ABC<br />
Engineering Department integrates all auxiliary systems (lubrication, cooling, power<br />
supply, control, etc.) on a single skid.<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
Chinese<br />
German<br />
French<br />
Portuguese<br />
Russian<br />
International and internationalized<br />
BOJ Olañeta<br />
BOJ is an Spanish company designing and manufacturing unique Wine Tools since<br />
1905. Some of our products, like the Wall-Mounted corkscrew are the perfect choice for<br />
exclusive gifts, either personal or corporate.<br />
Languages:<br />
English<br />
Spanish<br />
French<br />
Italian<br />
German<br />
Portuguese<br />
Internationalized but not international<br />
DEPRESA<br />
USA-GROUP, DECOLETADOS DE PRECISIÓN, is a group of companies created by<br />
UGARTEBURU, S.A. to offer improved coverage of market demand.<br />
The specialization carried out by the group in each of these companies has allowed it to<br />
reach a prominent position within the bar turning sector.<br />
USA GROUP is based on values that have been, over the years, the priority objectives<br />
of its member companies:<br />
<br />
Quality<br />
<br />
Competitiveness<br />
<br />
Service<br />
<br />
Loyalty<br />
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Always rising to the challenge of satisfying our customers, and offering them the best<br />
results.<br />
To do this, as well as being equipped with the most highly appropriate and modern<br />
machinery, at USA-GROUP we have made a commitment to the training and<br />
professional development of our staff, our group's real driving force and depository of<br />
the technology that singles us out.<br />
With the experience of years of specialization in the manufacturing of turned parts, we<br />
have managed to position ourselves as a leader both in terms of a guarantee of the best<br />
quality and the most comprehensive service for our customers.<br />
All this allows us to address an increasingly competitive market, covering a business<br />
area that stretches across Europe.<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
Basque<br />
French<br />
German<br />
Internationalized but not international<br />
53
IK4Tekniker<br />
Internationalized but not international.<br />
Industrias GOL<br />
internationalisation<br />
In the global world in which we move, we are aware of the importance of the<br />
internationalization of companies. Therefore, since 2009 Industrias Gol has developed<br />
part of its activity from its plant in Brașov. In addition to giving closer proximity to the<br />
production plants our clients have in Eastern Europe it is, to date, an example of the<br />
integration of processes, the capability of supplying stamped pieces that need<br />
subsequent complex machining in order to fulfil the clients’ most demanding projects.<br />
In addition, since July 2015, we have joined with the GSM Tech Group, the leading<br />
Asian supplier in the world of cold forging with a strong presence in Korea, China,<br />
Malaysia, The Philippines and Vietnam.<br />
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Internationalized but not international.<br />
Delteco<br />
Who we are<br />
We are official and exclusive distributors of the best national and international brands of<br />
machine tools. We offer the most innovative technology to the leading companies in the<br />
sector.<br />
We have a team of over 67 professionals familiar with the latest technologies and who<br />
make our customers grow in terms of innovation, quality and productivity.<br />
Thanks to our dynamic organization we have open borders, and are expanding our<br />
product portfolio and strengthening our sales network. Our success lies in the<br />
combination of tradition and modernity.<br />
At Delteco we have a clear commitment to offer the best solutions to our customers.<br />
Founded in 1971<br />
Esteban Arambarri is the founder of this company with over 45 years of experience in<br />
the field of engineering. Our extensive experience has positioned us as the leading<br />
company in machine tool distribution in Spain and Portugal.<br />
Currently, Delteco is run by a younger and more dynamic second generation, offering a<br />
modern vision in line with current market characteristics.<br />
55
Internationalized but not international.<br />
Haizelur<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
Basque<br />
French<br />
Internationalized but not<br />
international.<br />
Lubricantes especiales lancar<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
FANUC<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
56
TALLERES MYL SA<br />
Since 1969<br />
our history<br />
It is now more than 45 years and thanks to the strong innovative spirit of its founder,<br />
Manuel Gil Centogoitita, since MYL began its existence in workshops of just 200 m 2 in<br />
Elgoibar, with the design, manufacture and repair of machine tool spindles.<br />
A second generation committed to technology: NEW CHALLENGES FOR A<br />
GLOBAL MARKET.<br />
“We combine experience with a strong orientation towards innovation”<br />
In 1969 Manuel Gil Cengoitia, driven by an unstoppable spirit of enterprise, founded<br />
Talleres MYL and embarked on his career on just 200 m 2 of premises in Elgoibar,<br />
designing, making and repairing spindles for machine tools.<br />
He set up a flexible family business committed to closeness to its customers and an end<br />
product of excellent quality. MYL today is founded on this same attitude, in the<br />
conviction that this is the best and only way to meet the needs of those who depend on<br />
our work.<br />
Today, run by the second generation of the family on our 1,500 m 2 of premises in<br />
Mendaro, and with a much more structured organization, we are committed to<br />
innovation, knowledge management and B2B partnership in order to meet the needs of<br />
a much more competitive, internationalized market.<br />
innovation to promote new, better technological progress that enables us to take on the<br />
demanding projects of the future.<br />
We are convinced that commitment to our customers, teamwork and an ongoing<br />
commitment to technology are the key to confronting the new challenges of a highly<br />
demanding global market.<br />
We are a global company with a presence on all five continents. We also have local<br />
distributors and partners on the main markets, enabling us to offer a personalized,<br />
responsive service to our customers.<br />
We work for more than 200 customers from more than 20 countries. However each of<br />
them is singular for us. Each spindle we receive is a new challenge that we face trying<br />
to give the best of ourselves.<br />
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Distribution<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
CANADA<br />
CHINA<br />
DENMARK<br />
FINLAND<br />
FRANCE<br />
GERMANY<br />
JAPAN<br />
NORWAY<br />
RUMANIA<br />
SWEDEN<br />
UNITED KINGDOM<br />
UNITED STATES<br />
Workshops<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
CHINA<br />
GERMANY<br />
JAPAN<br />
UNITED STATES<br />
58
MYL at the 28th Jimtof · Tokyo 2016 . The landing of MYL in Japan is already a<br />
reality. For this reason, and in the hands of our distributor Dynamic Tools Corp., we<br />
will be present for the first time at the 28th Jimtof International Machine Tool Fair, one<br />
of the most important fairs in the world. Japan is a qualitative leap especially relevant<br />
because of the high product performance demanded by the market.<br />
How was MYL born? How did Imanol Gil come to head MYL? What do you think you<br />
bring to the company?<br />
MYL was founded in 1969 by my father, Manuel Gil. I’ve been living among spin-dles<br />
since I was little, but officially I joined the firm in 1987 while I was at university. I<br />
gradually learned about the product and the process, and above all about the values on<br />
which the business was based. Over the years I took on more responsibilities until, on<br />
my father’s retirement, I took up the position I hold today. What I’ve always tried to<br />
keep up in this business is firstly its founding spirit of closeness to customers and care<br />
over the product, and secondly the need to be on the cutting edge in terms of<br />
traceability, innovation and implementing technology.<br />
What lies behind MYL’s competitive leap forward in recent years?<br />
In recent years we’ve basically seen two changes. The first was bringing young talent<br />
into the firm. Thanks to cooperation with universities and technology centers in our<br />
region we have brought in a lot of human capital, which today is indispensable. And the<br />
second was opening up and cementing the company’s position on foreign markets. As<br />
well as selling, going out, observing, discovering and analyzing outside our own region,<br />
this has opened up many fields of which we were unaware. Both these changes are what<br />
have enabled us to make this competitive leap forward.<br />
What is your current role in the firm?<br />
Since Iñigo Mendoza joined us as general manager, my role has been focused on two<br />
strategic fields. On the one hand, opening up new markets and consolidating and<br />
looking after existing customers. We have to be close to them, as this helps to give<br />
added value to our products and services. And on the other, I am in the firm to add<br />
value and contribute know-how on a constant basis, in terms of both product and<br />
processes, in all departments.<br />
How do you see the future of the company?<br />
I have always seen MYL as a big laboratory, in which every piece, every repair, every<br />
product we manufacture is treated as something special and delicate, that has to be<br />
nurtured as much as possible. The future I see is an even more technological, even<br />
better MYL, present on even more markets.<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
Basque<br />
59
Balenzategui S.A. – Agua de Alzola, Basque Water<br />
History of Alzola´s bath house<br />
Legend has it that the waters of Alzola were discovered around 1776 by a local children<br />
who bathed in winter at the Deba River , in an area of temperate waters. That aroused<br />
the interest and curiosity of the medical authorities of the time. However, 1843 was the<br />
year when the water Alzola was declared of public utility, even if there were talking on<br />
its medicinal mineral properties in 1802 .<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
Basque<br />
Internationalized but not international.<br />
They export to China.<br />
Industrias Alzuca s.l<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
Internationalized but not international<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
Basque<br />
French<br />
International<br />
ATTEN2 S.L<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
Basque<br />
French<br />
60
Internationalized but not international.<br />
Today the Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office has granted the<br />
“METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE STATE OF DEGRADATION<br />
OF A LUBRICANT OIL” patent, about the OilHealth’s technologies.<br />
ETXE-TAR S.A<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
Basque<br />
French<br />
German<br />
Japanese<br />
Internationalized but not international.<br />
createch medical:<br />
The Dental Engineering Company<br />
Createch Medical is a dental engineering company with a wide range of structure<br />
solutions for prostheses. The results of our developments are unique CAD/CAM<br />
structures that make us leaders in the sector.<br />
61
Given our origins as an aeronautic industry<br />
group, you could say that it is "Aeronautical<br />
technology for health".<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
German<br />
French<br />
Italian<br />
Subsidiaries:<br />
Holland<br />
Austria<br />
Spain<br />
Iraq<br />
FUNDICIONES URKOASE:<br />
This company specializes in smelting non-ferrous metals.<br />
The company was officially registered in 1983, although the current members began<br />
working as professional freelancers in 1965.<br />
Our team's extensive smelting experience and our attentive collaboration with important<br />
clients in various industries which we work for:<br />
VALVES<br />
FLUID PUMPS<br />
ELECTRIC<br />
MACHINE TOOL<br />
EOLIAN, etc.<br />
All of which endorse our service.<br />
PRODUCT + SCHEDULE + PRICE = SERVICE<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
Internationalized but not international.<br />
62
DINET:<br />
Is not internationalized but not international<br />
UNCETA:<br />
Subsidiaries:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Elgoibar, Spain and another three office (Barcelona, Vigo and Madrid).<br />
In Porto “Unceta Ferramentas de Qualidade” (Portugal) have other Company<br />
The last business is in Las Bahamans "Unceta Cuba", Cuba.<br />
In 1894 Juan Pedro Uncetabarrenechea Cendoya created the company UNCETA in<br />
Eibar. When the profits and productions go growing the company in 1990 the company<br />
carried to Elgoibar to a bigger company.<br />
The company is a family business when Juan Pedro Unceta died in 1934, Andrés<br />
Uncetabarrenechea Ibarzabal his son stays in charge of the business. When Pedro<br />
Unceta dies in 1981, Ricardo and Pedro the children of the previous directors they take.<br />
Ricardo and Pedro are a directors to moving the company to Elgoibar, when I say<br />
before, in 1990.<br />
Is a supplier for all the article kinds for the industry, for example, material office,<br />
machine complements and all the kinds of tools. Is the first supplier in Spain.<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
Portuguese<br />
International.<br />
teknomeka kidelan s.a.u. :<br />
history<br />
Soluciones Industriales Tecnomeca S.A.U. is the result of the merging of two<br />
companies, TECNOMECA, SA and KIDELAN S.L. that in late 2006 decided to join<br />
forces and experiences and integrate into DEXIS, the network of technical business of<br />
DESCOURS & CABAUD group, European leader in the field of professional<br />
distribution, thereby acquiring TECNOMECA-KIDELAN trade name.<br />
Tecnomeca S.A. was founded in Eibar in the year 1976. Its activity has consisted on the<br />
distribution and merchandising of high technical value rolling elements for Machine<br />
Tool, Automotive and Aeronautical sectors, as well as the development of aluminium<br />
structures, including design and assembly.<br />
63
KIDELAN S.L. was created in 1993 in San Sebastian, specializing on the<br />
merchandising of Transmission elements of both standards as customized products.<br />
OBJECTIVES<br />
The union of the two companies permit offer a full range of products for the following<br />
Business Units:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Linear Movement<br />
Mechanical transmission<br />
Rotation<br />
Aluminium profiles<br />
64
FACILITIES AND STAFF<br />
The Human team is composed by 30 people in the facilities and location that have the<br />
following features:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Warehouse of 1,840 square meters<br />
Automated Storage Systems<br />
936 square meters offices<br />
Excellent logistics<br />
Located along the major machine tool manufacturers<br />
quality<br />
Aiming to demonstrate our commitment with quality, customer satisfaction and<br />
continuous improvement, we are accredited by Bureau Veritas with following<br />
certification:<br />
ISO 9001:2008<br />
the group in spain: dexis españa<br />
A business that is constantly growing, with numerous sales centres that cover most of<br />
the Spanish territory, whichemploys over 175 people; the Companies in Dexis Espana<br />
offer daily, to their more than 20,000 regular customers, in collaboration with the most<br />
important brands in the market,Services and Solutions for the Maintenance and<br />
Updating of a full range of MRO products: Bearings, Linear guiding systems,<br />
Mechanical Transmission components, Compressed air, vacuum and nitrogen, Sealing,<br />
Lubrication, Tools, General industrial supply, Fluid drive.<br />
dexis españa: individuality + comprehesiveness:<br />
Dexis’s companies in Spain combine the individual Know-How and experience with the<br />
power of the Group. With extensive experience in the market, some of them with more<br />
than 50 years, all of them base their performance on the combination of their<br />
individuality as a company and specific know-how of the products and services<br />
provided, and the Comprehensiveness and Power of the Group.<br />
dexis españa: what we offer.<br />
Our offer is mainly based on a specialised and full range of MRO products from the<br />
best world manufacturers at very competitive prices; with immediate response and<br />
supply at the request of our client, developed by a commercially and technically highly<br />
qualified team.<br />
d&c international<br />
Descours & Cabaud, A professional International Distribution Group with the widest<br />
MRO product range in the market, representing the best Manufacturers in the world. It<br />
operates in the market through 2 Large Divisions, strategically focused on all the<br />
65
industrial sectors and all the categories of clients. Dexis, a technical business network.<br />
Prolians, a Mutli-specialist network.<br />
After 225 years in this business, Descours & Cabaud is an independent family Group at<br />
the service of more than 350,000 customers. It can be found in France, Spain, Germany,<br />
Belgium, Luxemburg, Holland, Slovakia, the Czech Rep., Switzerland, Italy and the<br />
USA.<br />
€ 2.947 million, 2011 turnover. 11,600 employees. 555 sales centres.<br />
dexis, international scope<br />
With 150 operation centres, Dexis is the European distribution standard of technical<br />
ranges by Descours & Cabaud (Power transmissions, automations, cutting tools and<br />
industrial<br />
supply).<br />
Their Know How ensures their customers a customized and comprehensive offer,<br />
according to their needs, incorporating the personal protection solutions from the Leader<br />
in the Market.<br />
Their spot on presence and the great professionalism of their human team guarantee the<br />
efficiency of a proximity service.<br />
Languages:<br />
Spanish<br />
English<br />
Internationalized but not international. They import: Germany, Italy, England and<br />
Japan. They export: Pakistan and Peru.<br />
DANOBAT GROUP<br />
It has been over half a century since DANOBATGROUP manufactured its first<br />
machines. Nowadays we go further than just manufacturing machines, we innovate in<br />
machine tools.<br />
We are part of MONDRAGON, one of Europe’s largest industrial corporations.<br />
DANOBATGROUP continues to grow, which makes us strong and provides us with<br />
financial and technological strength that are necessary to tackle the challenges the future<br />
will demand. This is why even in difficult times, we continue to invest.<br />
But there are some objectives which never change. That is why today as in the past, our<br />
goal is to provide our clients with profit, and make them feel that our service and<br />
support are close by.<br />
1910-Machine Tool construction begins in the area.<br />
1954-DANOBAT is established.<br />
1962-SORALUCE is established.<br />
1980-DANOBATGROUP is established.<br />
1982-Creation of IDEKO, a Technology Centre specialized in Machine Tools.<br />
66
1992-Constitution of the MCC. DANOBATGROUP becomes member.<br />
Constitution of BIMATEC-SORALUCE sales & service company in Germany.<br />
1992-1997-Sales & service offices opened in China, Germany, France, Japan, Italy,<br />
USA and Brazil.<br />
2002-Acquisition of German company OVERBECK.<br />
2003-Acquisition of English company NEWALL.<br />
2004-GOIMEK is established – a factory specialized in high precision machining.<br />
2005-DANO-RAIL starts its activity focused in supplying equipment for the railway<br />
maintenance.<br />
2006-Acquisition of EUROFIBER, a company producing equipment for the automation<br />
of composite manufacturing processes.<br />
2007-IDEKO opens its second research facility.<br />
2008-DANOBATGROUP establishes a joint-venture company in Romania –<br />
DANOMAR- for machine components production.<br />
2009-DANOBAT and LEALDE cooperatives merge into a new single business unit<br />
capable to provide complete turning solutions.<br />
New sales & service offices opened in India and USA.<br />
2009-SORALUCE opens a new assembly facility for big size machines.<br />
DANOBAT RAILWAY SYSTEMS starts its activity focused in turn-key solutions for<br />
the railway industry.<br />
2010-DANOBAT incorporate a new manufacturing plant for large dimension machines.<br />
DANOBATGROUP starts the construction of a new facilities in India.<br />
DANOBATGROUP opens new facilities in China.<br />
2011-DANOBAT and ESTARTA RECTIFICADORA cooperatives merge.<br />
DANOBATGROUP RUSSIA is established.<br />
DANOBATGROUP ROMANIA is established.<br />
2012-DRS and DANO-RAIL cooperatives merge.<br />
2013-DANOBAT and DRS merge.<br />
2014-DANOBAT and US company MARATHON start a "joint venture".<br />
Language:<br />
English<br />
German<br />
67
Chinese<br />
Russian<br />
Spanish<br />
Basque<br />
2015-DANOBAT adquires the company PLANTOOL OY.<br />
ALKORTA FORGING GROUP<br />
1911-1982<br />
The very beginnings<br />
Theodore Alcorta and Esteban Unzueta establish a 50% partnership named Esteban<br />
Unzueta & Co. with a capital investment of 4,000 pesetas. In the early days the<br />
company manufactured hand weapons. In 1920 the company changes its name to<br />
Alcorta & Co. They start to manufacture weapons, cutlery and electrical appliances. In<br />
1976 they register the highest number of personell compliment, 300 associates.<br />
1982-1997<br />
Automotive<br />
In 1982, with Alcorta already established at its new, and current location, enters the<br />
automotive industry through Seat, Opel Zaragoza and Ford Valencia.<br />
1997-2005<br />
New dimension<br />
68
Alcorta Brockhaus S.A. is born Alcorta and German company Brockhaus Soehne<br />
GmbH join their futures to compliment their offerings to the automotive industry when<br />
Brockhaus acquires a 51% stake in Alcorta.<br />
The best German forging technologies and processes, which today are still the industry<br />
benchmark are transferred to Alcorta during this period.<br />
2005-2007<br />
Part of a Great Global Group<br />
In 2005 Alcorta Brockhaus S.A. is acquired by the multi-national group Mahle when it<br />
acquires Brockhaus Soehne GmbH, transferring to Alcorta world class management<br />
systems as found in multinational companies.<br />
2007-2009<br />
Uncertainty and New Project<br />
Different business and market strategies lead to Alcorta and Mahle's paths to become<br />
distant, with Mahle selling its shares to the original founding families. Alcorta once<br />
again falls under ownership of its traditional shareholders, to which a team of<br />
employees is added. Following a one year transitional phase in which a new site is<br />
opened in South Africa as well as new offices in Czech Republic, France and Germany,<br />
Alcorta emerges in 2009 as Alcorta Forging Group.<br />
2011<br />
Centenary<br />
After 100 years of existence Alcorta Forging Group is once again a benchmark in the<br />
world of forging, reaffirming its values and commitment to the community, bringing to<br />
market a renewed offering in accordance to 21st century market needs.<br />
<br />
2013-Actualidad<br />
Global Market<br />
In 2013 Alcorta Foring Group<br />
establishes its first subsidiary in<br />
the USA and in 2014 its first<br />
customer service office in<br />
Shanghai, China, reaffirming its<br />
calling to be present in every<br />
major global market.<br />
Spain<br />
69
Main office<br />
France<br />
Sales & Customer service<br />
Czech Rep.<br />
Sales & Customer service<br />
North America<br />
Customer service + engineering<br />
Germany<br />
Sales & Customer service<br />
China<br />
Customer Service<br />
South Africa<br />
Language:Spanish<br />
Basque<br />
English<br />
German<br />
French<br />
China<br />
70
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