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GLOBAL INVESTOR 1.17 —48 FEEDING FUTURE GENERATIONS How weather affects agriculture and what IBM can do with precision weather forecasts to help farmers. Source: IBM INCREASING CROP YIELDS 90% of all crop losses are due to weather. Weather-related crop damage could be reduced by 25% using predictive weather modeling and precision agriculture techniques. PRECISION AGRICULTURE IBM is using data to help farmers be more efficient in their operations and make more precise decisions about planting, growing, harvesting and transporting crops, leading to better price points and a stable supply chain. WEATHER MODELING DEEP THUNDER IBM’s Deep Thunder is a service that provides a hyperlocal forecast up to 36 hours in advance with 90% accuracy. SENSORS GROWING 70% of fresh water worldwide is used for agriculture purposes. If farmers know when and where it’s going to rain they can better schedule their irrigation and know when they should put down fertilizer, to avoid runoff.
GLOBAL INVESTOR 1.17 —49 Farmer CTOs Farmers are among the most prominent adopters of robotic technologies. New applications using the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data and robotics may well revolutionize the agricultural sector in the next ten years. This could help to solve the current mismatch between rising demand for food and limited arable land capacity. TRANSPORTATION 50% of food ready for harvest never reaches the consumers mouth. By understanding the effect of weather on transportation networks, companies can make better decisions on which routes will be the fastest to transport their food. THE IMPACT As farmers reduce waste and increase crop yields, consumers will feel the positive economic impact at the grocery store. In the past, a farmer was seen as someone who loves nature and leads a strenuous, rather solitary life with little connection to the outside world. Furthermore, farmers were often considered to be highly critical of progress. Today, however, automation and digitization are becoming increasingly important in farming – a vital and essential element to solve problems in the agricultural sector. From vertical farming, where fruits and vegetables are digitally monitored and grown in artificial greenhouses, to vast farmlands that are connected to the Internet using sensors, robots and Big Data solutions are used to reduce costs and improve crop yields. Furthermore, digital farming can also help to cultivate new areas of farmland. In future, therefore, farmers look set to become the chief technology officers (CTOs) of agriculture. Food availability constraints ask for new solutions Illustration: IBM, C3, The Noun Project The United Nations (UN) predicts that the global population will rise from 7.3 billion today to 9.7 billion in 2050. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) predicts that this growth would require increasing overall food production by about 70%, as the growing middle class places increased demand on food products. Demand for livestock, dairy products and other commodities is highly correlated to higher income in the developing countries. There is a clear need to further improve the efficiency of farming existing arable land and thus increase output. However, arable land is concentrated in Oceania and the USA, creating a major mismatch with where the global population is. For example, food availability in China is increasingly constrained, and >
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