246996016-HTML5-Step-by-Step

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13 Formatting Tables In this chapter, you will learn how to 4 Apply table borders. 4 Apply background and foreground fills. 4 Change cell padding, spacing, and alignment. Chapter 12, “Creating Tables,” explained how to create tables structurally; now it’s time to learn how to make them more attractive. By default, a table is just a plain container—no border, no shading, and no text formatting. It’s up to you to add all those things if you want them. Not every table needs elaborate formatting. If you are using a table as a container for a page layout, as demonstrated in Chapter 12, you probably want the table to be as unobtrusive as possible. But even unobtrusive tables can benefit from some of the small improvements you’ll learn about in this chapter, such as adjusting the amount of space between the border of a cell and its content. (That’s called padding, as you might remember from Chapter 8, “Formatting Paragraphs <strong>by</strong> Using Style Sheets.”) In this chapter, you’ll learn how to apply borders to table cells and how to fill their backgrounds with color or images. You’ll learn how to fine-tune cell spacing and padding, and how to make the contents of a cell align a certain way vertically and horizontally. See Also Do you need only a quick refresher on the topics in this chapter? See the Key Points at the end of this chapter. Practice Files Before you can use the practice files provided for this chapter, you need to install them from the book’s companion content page to their default locations. See “Using the Practice Files” in the beginning of this book for more information. 231
232 Chapter 13 Applying Table Borders Tables created using the default settings are pretty plain—in fact, they’re invisible—so it can be difficult to distinguish where one cell ends and the next cell begins. To help with this problem, you can place borders around cells, either globally or selectively. You might also choose to fill (shade) certain cells to help them stand out. For example, the spacing in the following table makes it difficult for a reader to follow a line across the page. You could make it easier to read <strong>by</strong> applying borders as shown in the image that follows.
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HTML5 Step by Step Faithe Wempen
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To Margaret iii
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vi Contents 2 Setting Up the Docume
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viii Contents Part 3 9 Displaying G
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x Contents Embedding Video Clips .
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Acknowledgments Thank you to the wo
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xvi Introduction (Please note that
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xviii Introduction A new browser wi
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xx What Is HTML? To understand how
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xxii What Is HTML? Simply put, it
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xxiv What Is HTML? A slightly longe
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xxvi Using the Practice Files Chapt
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Getting Help Every effort has been
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xxx Conventions and Features in Thi
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Chapter at a G ance Open a Web page
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4 Chapter 1 Note You may run into v
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6 Chapter 1 SET UP Open Notepad. 1.
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8 Chapter 1 For beginners, though,
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10 Chapter 1 The file opens in Inte
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Chapter at a G ance Create the HTML
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14 Chapter 2 Specifying the Documen
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16 Chapter 2 2. In the Notepad wind
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18 Chapter 2 Note In XHTML, the lin
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20 Chapter 2 Note Not all search en
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22 Chapter 2 Publishing a File to a
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Chapter at a G ance Create head ngs
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26 Chapter 3 This chapter introduce
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28 Chapter 3 Dog Agility Club of In
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30 Chapter 3 Note HTML also allows
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32 Chapter 3 CLEAN UP Close the Not
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34 Chapter 3 The tag can also come
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36 Chapter 3 10. Close the poemtext
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38 Chapter 3 The tag has a cite
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40 Chapter 3 CLEAN UP Close the Not
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42 Chapter 3 6. On the General tab,
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44 Chapter 3 11. Open the poem file
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Chapter at a G ance Create bu eted
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48 Chapter 4 divisions in Chapter 1
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50 Chapter 4 On a Web page, it woul
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52 Chapter 4 3. After the first ite
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54 Chapter 4 Creating Definition Li
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56 Chapter 4 name or an entity numb
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58 Chapter 4 To add a horizontal li
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60 Chapter 4 Choosing Background an
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62 Chapter 4 SET UP Use the foliage
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64 Chapter 4 If you specify a backg
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Chapter at a G ance Hyper nk to a W
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68 Chapter 5 Practice Files Before
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70 Chapter 5 When creating a link t
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72 Chapter 5 E-mail hyperlinks are
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74 Chapter 5 Note The full text of
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76 Chapter 5 To refer to the anchor
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78 Chapter 5 Hyperlinking to Other
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80 Chapter 5 4. In Internet Explore
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Part 2 Style Sheets and Graphics 6
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6 Introduction to Style Sheets In t
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Constructing Style Rules 87 ul { l
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Constructing Style Rules 89 2. In N
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Creating Styles for Nested Tags 91
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Creating Classes and IDs for Applyi
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Creating Classes and IDs for Applyi
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Applying Styles to Hyperlinks 97 Yo
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Creating and Linking to External St
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Key Points 101 ● ● ● ● ●
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7 Formatting Text by Using Style Sh
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Specifying a Font Family 105 Note I
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Specifying a Font Size and Color 10
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Specifying a Font Size and Color 10
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Applying Bold and Italics 111 6. Sa
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Applying Bold and Italics 113 In th
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Applying Strikethrough and Underlin
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Creating Inline Spans 117 Creating
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Adjusting Spacing Between Letters 1
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Adjusting Spacing Between Letters 1
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Key Points 123 Key Points ● ●
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8 Formatting Paragraphs by Using St
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Indenting Paragraphs 127 In contras
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Indenting Paragraphs 129 It is inde
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Applying a Border to a Paragraph 13
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Applying a Border to a Paragraph 13
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Specifying the Horizontal Alignment
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Specifying Vertical Space within a
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9 Displaying Graphics In this chapt
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Preparing Graphics for Web Use 143
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Inserting Graphics 145 To refer to
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Arranging Elements on the Page 147
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Controlling Image Size and Padding
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Controlling Image Size and Padding
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Hyperlinking from Graphics 153 Note
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Using Thumbnail Graphics 155 Mouse
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Using Thumbnail Graphics 157 2. S
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Adding Figure Captions 159 If the b
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Chapter at a G ance Create a text-b
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166 Chapter 10 Planning Your Site
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168 Chapter 10 Tip When you place a
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170 Chapter 10 7. Set the margin fo
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172 Chapter 10 button you like, and
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174 Chapter 10 Creating an Image Ma
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176 Chapter 10 287,71 188,267 314,4
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178 Chapter 10 Just as with hyperli
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Page 213 and 214: 182 Chapter 10 After five seconds,
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Page 217 and 218: 186 Chapter 11 Practice Files Befor
Page 219 and 220: 188 Chapter 11 Creating Divisions Y
Page 221 and 222: 190 Chapter 11 Creating an HTML5 Se
Page 223 and 224: 192 Chapter 11 Positioning Division
Page 225 and 226: 194 Chapter 11 You can combine posi
Page 227 and 228: 196 Chapter 11 9. (Optional) Experi
Page 229 and 230: 198 Chapter 11 There are several pr
Page 231 and 232: 200 Chapter 11 5. In the default.cs
Page 233 and 234: 202 Chapter 11 12. Save the file. 1
Page 235 and 236: Chapter at a G ance Create a tab e,
Page 237 and 238: 206 Chapter 12 The most popular use
Page 239 and 240: 208 Chapter 12 The number of column
Page 241 and 242: 210 Chapter 12 5. Save the file, an
Page 243 and 244: 212 Chapter 12 Alternatively, you c
Page 245 and 246: 214 Chapter 12 An alternative appro
Page 249 and 250: 218 Chapter 12 You can also specify
Page 253 and 254: 222 Chapter 12 The preceding code c
Page 255 and 256: 224 Chapter 12 CLEAN UP Close the N
Page 257 and 258: 226 Chapter 12 2. In Notepad, inser
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Page 265 and 266: 234 Chapter 13 As shown in the foll
Page 267 and 268: 236 Chapter 13 that govern all inst
Page 269 and 270: 238 Chapter 13 3. Open products.htm
Page 271 and 272: 240 Chapter 13 9. Remove the border
Page 273 and 274: 242 Chapter 13 If the image is smal
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Page 277 and 278: 246 Chapter 13 Setting Cell Padding
Page 279 and 280: 248 Chapter 13 Note Notice that whe
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Page 283 and 284: 252 Chapter 14 Caution Many Web des
Page 285 and 286: 254 Chapter 14 You can specify a wi
Page 287 and 288: 256 Chapter 14 Many Web designers f
Page 289 and 290: 258 Chapter 14 8. Add another row a
Page 291 and 292: 260 Chapter 14 By default, check bo
Page 293 and 294: 262 Chapter 14 6. Fill out the form
Page 295 and 296: 264 Chapter 14 If the list’s choi
Page 297 and 298: 266 Chapter 14 7. After the closing
Page 299 and 300: 268 Chapter 14 Understanding CGI an
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Page 303 and 304: 272 Chapter 15 What’s New with Au
Page 305 and 306: 274 Chapter 15 There is also a new
Page 307 and 308: 276 Chapter 15 Note A compression a
Page 309 and 310: 278 Chapter 15 Not surprisingly, yo
Page 311 and 312: 280 Chapter 15 SET UP Use the winte
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282 Chapter 15 Note If a security w
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284 Chapter 15 SET UP Use the index
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Chapter at a G ance Add JavaScr pt
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288 Chapter 16 You add a canvas ele
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290 Chapter 16 SET UP Open Notepad.
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292 Chapter 16 Keeping JavaScript A
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294 Chapter 16 However, as just not
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296 Chapter 16 You can also select
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298 Chapter 16 You call the functio
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300 Chapter 16 Validating a Web For
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302 Chapter 16 The CSS style might
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304 Chapter 16 To draw on the canva
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306 Chapter 16 Viewing this page in
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308 Chapter 16 }); for (i = 0; i
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310 Chapter 16 Including External C
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Part 4 Other Ways to Create HTML Co
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17 HTML and Microsoft Expression We
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Exploring the Expression Web Interf
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Exploring the Expression Web Interf
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Creating Web Sites and Web Pages 32
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Creating Web Sites and Web Pages 32
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Create a Page by Using a CSS Templa
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Create a Page by Using a CSS Templa
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Insert Graphics 329 the site. One e
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Insert Graphics 331 Drag each butto
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Formatting Text 333 Note The Masthe
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Formatting Text 335 5. In the Prope
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Formatting Text 337 19. Click OK to
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Formatting a Division 339 4. Drag t
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Inserting Hyperlinks 341 ● ●
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Key Points 343 14. Click OK. The hy
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A Designing for Usability Although
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Designing a Consistent Page Templat
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Performing Usability Testing 351
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354 Appendix B To plan for these li
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356 Appendix B ● ● Ensure that
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358 Appendix B ● ● ● Avoid fl
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360 Appendix B Guideline 12: Provid
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C Tags Added and Removed in HTML5 T
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Glossary absolute path Paths that c
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Glossary 367 logical tag See descri
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Index Symbols ¢ (cent) 56 £ (poun
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compiled programming languages 371
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.flv file extension 373 b ock eve 1
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images. See graphics (images) 375 d
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navigational aids 377 K tag about
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tag 379 paragraphs. See also tag a
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text boxes 381 style sheets. See al
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word spacing 383 VLC media player 2
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About the Author Faithe Wempen, M.A
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