p2

Leshan’s model. Thus, a teleportation mechanism can arise in this model because distances between
zero-space and any other point in the universe are zero, so that the vacuum holes can potentially exist at
every point in the universe simultaneously. Therefore, if an object is sent “out of the universe” and into a
vacuum hole (a.k.a. zero-space), then the object can appear at random at any spacetime point in the
universe.
The mechanism for teleportation in this model is:
‣ to send an object outside of the universe by creating a closed surface (i.e., “hole sphere”), which
consists of vacuum holes, around the object;
‣ while inside the hole sphere, the object then ceases to exist because objects cannot really exist
outside of the universe;
‣ however, the object simultaneously exists at any other remote location in the universe (via the
cosmological principle) at the instant it became enclosed by the hole sphere;
‣ therefore, it has been teleported to some remote location in the universe
Leshan points out that the teleportation device must curve spacetime so that the starting and destination
points in the universe coincide, and the curved geometry must be similar to that of a black hole for an
instant, so that a channel between the two points can be formed. (This sounds suspiciously like creating a
traversable wormhole via an Einstein-Rosen bridge, which can be made traversable by perturbing the
Schwarzschild spacetime metric an infinitesimal amount.) There is no space to traverse, so therefore
there will be no passage of time during teleportation. The only expenditure of energy in this teleportation
scheme is the energy that will be needed to curve spacetime.
This teleportation concept is very convoluted. Leshan does not offer any further explanations that
are useful nor does he offer any precise technical description for the vacuum holes, and how they are to be
produced and manipulated. There is also no mathematical physics derivation published by Leshan to
support this concept. I am totally unable to evaluate this concept in the absence of a rigorous theoretical
framework. This concept is too sketchy and full of technical “holes” to seriously consider it any further
for this study. The reader should note that it has already been demonstrated that traversable wormholes
are the best physical principle available to implement teleportation between universes and extra space
dimensions.
4.3 Conclusion and Recommendations
At present, none of the theoretical concepts explored in this chapter have been brought to a level of
technical maturity, where it becomes meaningful to ascertain whether any form of e-Teleportation is
theoretically possible between extra space dimensions and different or parallel universes/spaces.
However, there is the exception that traversable wormholes (three- and higher-dimensional) provide a
solid physics principle for the implementation of teleportation between parallel universes/spaces. And
traversable wormholes can be devised to connect 3-branes together. Kaluza-Klein, superstring and D-
brane theories do not allow for any useful form of macroscopic-level teleportation to occur between space
dimensions, because these theories require that the extra space dimensions be ≤ 10 −35 m in extent. Last, it
is not yet possible to do theoretical calculations to make predictions or even to experimentally verify most
of these theories. Three-brane theory is the best parallel space theory there is with the possibility that
macroscopic-level teleportation is possible between space dimensions. But this theory is still in the stage
of maturing theoretically and getting experimental verification.
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