Swidden Agriculture: Ancient Systems in Transition Sustaining Food ...

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7) Other issues: a) compare the role and importance of social and ecological resilience in swidden vs. modern agriculture practices See: Berkes et al. (2003) b) compare household food/livelihood security in swidden vs. modern agricultural systems See: Belsky (1993)
Recommended readings: Belsky, J. 1993. Household food security, farm trees and agroforestry: A comparative study in Indonesia and the Philippines. Human Organization 52:130-141. Berkes, F., J. Colding, C. Folke (eds). 2003. Navigating Social-Ecological Systems. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge Cairns, M. (ed). 2007. Voices from the Forest. RFF Press, Washington, D.C. Campbell, B. 2009. Beyond Copenhagen: REDD+, agriculture, adaptation strategies and poverty. Global Environmental Change 19:397-399. Colfer, C. 1997. Beyond Slash and Burn. Advances in Economic Botany Vol II, NY Botanical Garden, NY. Conklin, H.C. 1957. Hanunoo Agriculture: A report on an integral system of shifting cultivation in the Philippines. FAO, Rome. Denevan, W. 2004. Semi-intensive pre-European cultivation and the origins of anthropogenic dark earth in Amazonia. In: Glaser, B and W. Woods (ed). Amazonian Dark Earths: Explorations in Space and Time. Springer, NY. pp. 135-143. Dove, M. 1985. Swidden Agriculture in Indonesia: The Subsistence Strategies of the Kalimantan Kantu'. Mouton, Berlin. Dove, M. 1983. Theories of swidden agriculture and the political economy of ignorance. Agroforestry Systems 1:85-99. Fox, J., et al. 2009. Policies, political-economy, and swidden in Southeast Asia. Human Ecology 37:306-322 (entire issue related to swidden). Geist, H. and E. Lambin. 2002. Proximate causes and underlying driving forces of tropical deforestation. BioScience 52:143-150. Hecht, S., A. Anderson, P. May. 1988. The subsidy from nature: shifting cultivation, successional palm forests, and rural development. Human Organization 47:25-35. Kerkhoff, E. and E. Sharma (eds). 2006. Debating Shifting Cultivation in the Eastern Himalayas. ICIMOD, Kathmandu.
Page 1 and 2: Swidden Agriculture: Ancient System
Page 3 and 4: fallow regrowth planting Swidden Cy
Page 5 and 6: In integral swidden systems farm pa
Page 7 and 8: Men are reportedly responsible for
Page 9 and 10: Planting Planting occurs immediatel
Page 11 and 12: Weed management Weeds rarely establ
Page 13 and 14: Crops Swidden farmers cultivate cro
Page 15 and 16: Swidden fallow vegetation includes:
Page 17 and 18: Summary attributes of integral swid
Page 19 and 20: Summary attributes of incipient sla
Page 21 and 22: The many different factors and unde
Page 23 and 24: Integral swidden systems can be tho
Page 25 and 26: Regeneration of biomass following d
Page 27 and 28: Integral swidden practices have bee
Page 29 and 30: Comparison of integral & incipient
Page 31 and 32: Discussion topics and questions: 1)
Page 33: 5) Swidden and the future a) where

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