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Bay of Plenty Business News September/October 2019

From mid-2016 Bay of Plenty businesses have a new voice, Bay of Plenty Business News. This new publication reflects the region’s growth and importance as part of the wider central North Island economy.

From mid-2016 Bay of Plenty businesses have a new voice, Bay of Plenty Business News. This new publication reflects the region’s growth and importance as part of the wider central North Island economy.

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14 BAY OF PLENTY BUSINESS NEWS <strong>September</strong>/<strong>October</strong> <strong>2019</strong><br />

Scientists<br />

team up for<br />

war on<br />

stink bug<br />

Kiwi and Italian scientists are working<br />

on ways to stop the brown marmorated<br />

stink bug (BMSB) rampage through one<br />

<strong>of</strong> Europe’s major fruit bowls.<br />

By RICHARD RENNIE<br />

Fruit damage caused by the brown<br />

marmorated stink bug (BMSB).<br />

Meanwhile, a Summer<br />

campaign to raise public<br />

awareness in New<br />

Zealand is ramping up.<br />

Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Max Suckling,<br />

Plant and Food Research, and<br />

an Auckland University senior<br />

scientist, has spent this summer<br />

working alongside his Italian<br />

peers in Trento, northern<br />

Italy helping better understand<br />

how to control the BMSB,<br />

which has already decimated<br />

that country’s Eu300 million<br />

pear industry.<br />

<strong>Bay</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Plenty</strong> based-Kiwifruit<br />

Vine Health (KVH) has<br />

been at the sharp end <strong>of</strong> a joint<br />

awareness campaign benefiting<br />

from horticulture’s Government-Industry<br />

Agreement.<br />

This was designed to get better<br />

alignment between government<br />

and the sector over dealing<br />

with biosecurity risks.<br />

KVH communications<br />

advisor Lisa Gibbison said the<br />

campaign has also worked as<br />

closely with those in the shipping<br />

and logistics sector, as it<br />

has increasing wider public<br />

understanding <strong>of</strong> the bug’s<br />

possible impact on New Zealand’s<br />

$5.5 billion horticultural<br />

export sector.<br />

Pr<strong>of</strong>essors Claudio Ioriatti and Max Suckling: Collaborating<br />

on major threat. Photos/Richard Rennie<br />

Last season’s campaign<br />

generated a healthy 930 calls<br />

on the 0800 number from public<br />

concerned they had identified<br />

a BMSB - double the year<br />

before. There were also over 6<br />

million online impressions on<br />

the website.<br />

But for the scientists in Italy<br />

this Summer, the battle is more<br />

immediate and time-sensitive.<br />

Insect and biological control<br />

expert Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Claudio<br />

Ioriatti <strong>of</strong> Fondazione Edmund<br />

Mach visited New Zealand in<br />

June, and is working alongside<br />

Suckling.<br />

Ioriatti first identified the<br />

bug only three years ago, and<br />

within a year the first impact<br />

on crops was being noticed.<br />

Today the bug is poised to<br />

penetrate Trento’s 10,000 ha<br />

<strong>of</strong> apple orchards, which supply<br />

70 percent <strong>of</strong> Italy’s crop,<br />

and 15 percent <strong>of</strong> the European<br />

Union’s.<br />

The bug injects an enzyme<br />

into fruit before it is ripe, discolouring<br />

its flesh, causing it<br />

to fall early or making it unsalable.<br />

Up to 70 percent <strong>of</strong> kiwifruit<br />

on vines can be affected<br />

and spraying is proving less<br />

than 50 percent effective.<br />

Netting over orchards<br />

helps reduce numbers, but<br />

juvenile bugs are able to penetrate<br />

these. And even covered<br />

orchards require spraying.<br />

So far New Zealand has<br />

dodged any major incursions.<br />

But isolated detections <strong>of</strong> bugs<br />

have been made, putting biosecurity<br />

<strong>of</strong>ficials and orchardists<br />

on high alert.<br />

Last November a car-carrying<br />

ship was refused entry<br />

due to numbers <strong>of</strong> BMSBs<br />

being detected on board before<br />

berthing.<br />

Suckling told <strong>Bay</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Plenty</strong><br />

<strong>Business</strong> <strong>News</strong> that the lessons<br />

learned from his work<br />

this summer for New Zealand<br />

from Italy are very real, and<br />

the bug’s impact is chilling.<br />

“We have learnt that BMSB<br />

is not limiting itself to fruit,”<br />

he said.<br />

“It is drawn to maize as<br />

soon as cobs start to tassel, and<br />

then crosses to mulberry trees,<br />

and onto soy beans too if they<br />

are there.”<br />

That highlighted how vulnerable<br />

regions with pastoral<br />

and horticultural production<br />

like <strong>Bay</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Plenty</strong>, Hawke’s<br />

<strong>Bay</strong> and Nelson would be to it<br />

establishing here, he said.<br />

Pastoral and horticultural<br />

risks<br />

“This is definitely not just a<br />

horticultural risk for New Zealand<br />

- it’s a pastoral sector risk<br />

as well. So any approach in<br />

trying to deal with it involves<br />

a broad, area wide approach,<br />

well beyond any one crop or<br />

localised area.”<br />

He has had experience<br />

dealing with similar type outbreaks,<br />

managing the successful<br />

response to the painted<br />

apple moth outbreak in Auckland<br />

in 1999.<br />

More recently, he and his<br />

colleagues have used drones<br />

to drop sterilised male codling<br />

moths around Hawke’s <strong>Bay</strong><br />

to successfully reduce moth<br />

populations 10-fold on apple<br />

orchards there.<br />

Suckling’s work is also<br />

focusing upon trapping methods<br />

that may prove effective,<br />

including pheromone trapping<br />

and the relatively new trapping<br />

We have learnt<br />

that BMSB is not<br />

limiting itself to<br />

fruit.”<br />

- Max Suckling<br />

science <strong>of</strong> biotremology.<br />

This involves using synthesised<br />

insect mating calls transmitted<br />

as a vibration through<br />

orchards to draw insects <strong>of</strong> one<br />

sex to the false call, and into a<br />

trap.<br />

While it is early days yet,<br />

Suckling is optimistic about<br />

the technology and is hoping<br />

to gain Ministry <strong>of</strong> <strong>Business</strong><br />

Innovation and Employment<br />

funding to continue the<br />

research work started in Italy<br />

through the New Zealand<br />

summer.<br />

After a career spent<br />

researching and dealing to pest<br />

incursions, Suckling said he<br />

had a grudging respect for the<br />

BMSB.<br />

“I have seen a lot, and this<br />

is definitely one <strong>of</strong> the worst.<br />

It has such a broad and rapid<br />

impact on crops, and we need<br />

all the time we can get to try<br />

and deal with it.”

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