Social Justice Activism

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activist groups use social media to facilitate civic engagement and collective actioncombining politics with technology.Definitions of ActivismThe Online Etymology Dictionary records the English words "activism" and "activist" asin use in the political sense from the year 1920 or 1915 respectively. The history of theword activism traces back to earlier understandings of collective behavior and socialaction. As late as 1969 activism was defined as "the policy or practice of doing thingswith decision and energy", without regard to a political signification, whereas socialaction was defined as "organized action taken by a group to improve social conditions",without regard to normative status. Following the surge of so-called "new socialmovements" in the United States in the 1960s, a new understanding of activismemerged as a rational and acceptable democratic option of protest or appeal. However,the history of the existence of revolt through organized or unified protest in recordedhistory dates back to the slave revolts of the 1st century BC(E) in the Roman Empire,where under the leadership of former gladiator Spartacus 6,000 slaves rebelled andwere crucified from Capua to Rome in what became known as the Third Servile War.In English history, the Peasants' Revolt erupted in response to the imposition of a polltax, and has been paralleled by other rebellions and revolutions in Hungary, Russia,and more recently, for example, Hong Kong. In 1930 under the leadership of MahatmaGandhi thousands of protesting Indians participated in the Salt March, as a protestagainst the oppressive taxes of their government, resulting in the imprisonment of60,000 people and eventually independence of their nation. In nations throughout Asia,Africa and South America, the prominence of activism organized by socialmovements and especially under the leadership of civil activists or socialrevolutionaries has pushed for increasing national self-reliance or, in some parts of thedeveloping world, collectivist communist or socialist organization and affiliation. Activismhas had major impacts on Western societies as well, particularly over the past centurythrough social movements such as the Labor movement, the Women's Rightsmovement, and the civil rights movement.Types of ActivismActivists can function in a number of roles, including judicial, environmental, internet(technological) and design (art). Historically, most activism has focused on creatingsubstantive changes in the policy or practice of a government or industry. Someactivists try to persuade people to change their behavior directly (see also direct action),rather than to persuade governments to change laws. For example, the cooperativemovement seeks to build new institutions which conform to cooperative principles, andgenerally does not lobby or protest politically. Other activists try to persuade people orgovernment policy to remain the same, in an effort to counter change.Activism is not an activity always performed by those who profess activism as aprofession. The term ″activist″ may apply broadly to anyone who engages in activism, orPage 36 of 161
narrowly limited to those who choose political or social activism as a vocation orcharacteristic practice.Judicial and Citizen ActivismJudicial activism involves the efforts of public officials. Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. -American historian, public intellectual, and social critic - introduced the term "judicialactivism" in a January 1946 Fortune magazine article titled "The Supreme Court:1947". Activists can also be public watchdogs and whistle blowers, attempting tounderstand all the actions of every form of government that acts in the name of thepeople and hold it accountable to oversight and transparency. Activism involves anengaged citizenry.Environmental ActivismEnvironmental activism takes quite a few forms:the protection of nature or the natural environment driven by a utilitarianconservation ethic or a nature oriented preservationist ethicthe protection of the human environment (by pollution prevention or theprotection of cultural heritage or quality of life)the conservation of depletable natural resourcesPage 37 of 161
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Page 62 and 63: Social Justice ArgumentsPatrick Dia
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communities and individuals to func
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1. Compositional - Environmentalist
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The Bronx, in New York City, has be
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statistically for effects of race a
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use its technical and financial ass
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has stated a more concrete priority
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Environmental Justice InitiativesTh
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programs have disproportionate impa
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MappingUSFS has established several
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rulemaking process. As of 2012, DR
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Introduced by Henry Waxman, the act
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eradication of the Aral Sea. The En
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AustraliaIn Australia, the "Environ
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victims of such environmental damag
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GR (Global Response) - works to edu
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number of ways - and for a number o
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contributes 20% of the group's reso
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OriginOriginal MeaningDating back t
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Notes______________________________
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See discussions, stats, and author
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Social Justice TheoryS 2795Furtherm
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Social Justice TheoryS 2797competen
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Social Justice TheoryS 2799populati
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Social Networking in Online and Off
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Attachment BDefining Social Justice
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SOCIAL JUSTICEDefining Social Justi
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Reisch • Defining Social Justice
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UDK: 316.34FILOZOFIJA I DRUŠTVO XX
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Olga Nikolić, Igor CvejićSocial J
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Advocacy Foundation PublishersPage
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Issue Title QuarterlyVol. I 2015 Th
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Issue Title QuarterlyVol. V 2019 Or
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LINonprofit ConfidentialityIn The A
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Vol. XVIII 2032 Public PolicyLXXVII
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African-American Youth in The May 2
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The Ripple Effects of Ministry TLFA
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The e-Advocate QuarterlySpecial Edi
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Legal Missions InternationalPage 15
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Vol. V 2019XVII Russia Q-1 2019XVII
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The e-Advocate NewsletterGenesis of
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ExtrasThe Nonprofit Advisors Group
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About The AuthorJohn C (Jack) Johns
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Social Justice Activism

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