NET-Microservices-Architecture-for-Containerized-NET-Applications

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ImportantYour development machines will run one Docker host, either Linux or Windows. Related microservicesthat you want to run and test together in one solution will all need to run on the same containerplatform.Architecture / App Type Linux containers Windows ContainersMicroservices on containers .NET Core .NET CoreMonolithic app .NET Core .NET Framework.NET CoreBest-in-class performance andscalability.NET Core.NET CoreWindows Server legacy app(“brown-field”) migration tocontainers– .NET FrameworkNew container-baseddevelopment (“green-field”).NET Core.NET CoreASP.NET Core .NET Core .NET Core (recommended).NET FrameworkASP.NET 4 (MVC 5, Web API 2,and Web Forms)– .NET FrameworkSignalR services .NET Core 2.1 or higher version .NET Framework.NET Core 2.1 or higher versionWCF, WF, and other legacyframeworksConsumption of Azure servicesWCF in .NET Core (client libraryonly).NET Core(eventually most Azureservices will provide clientSDKs for .NET Core).NET FrameworkWCF in .NET Core (client libraryonly).NET Framework.NET Core(eventually most Azure serviceswill provide client SDKs for .NETCore)What OS to target with .NET containersGiven the diversity of operating systems supported by Docker and the differences between .NETFramework and .NET Core, you should target a specific OS and specific versions depending on theframework you are using.For Windows, you can use Windows Server Core or Windows Nano Server. These Windows versionsprovide different characteristics (IIS in Windows Server Core versus a self-hosted web server likeKestrel in Nano Server) that might be needed by .NET Framework or .NET Core, respectively.For Linux, multiple distros are available and supported in official .NET Docker images (like Debian).16 CHAPTER 3 | Choosing Between .NET Core and .NET Framework for Docker Containers
In Figure 3-1 you can see the possible OS version depending on the .NET framework used.Figure 3-1. Operating systems to target depending on versions of the .NET frameworkWhen deploying legacy .NET Framework applications you have to target Windows Server Core,compatible with legacy apps and IIS, but it has a larger image. When deploying .NET Coreapplications, you can target Windows Nano Server, which is cloud optimized, uses Kestrel and issmaller and starts faster. You can also target Linux, supporting Debian, Alpine and others. Also usesKestrel, is smaller, and starts faster.You can also create your own Docker image in cases where you want to use a different Linux distro orwhere you want an image with versions not provided by Microsoft. For example, you might create animage with ASP.NET Core running on the traditional .NET Framework and Windows Server Core, whichis a not-so-common scenario for Docker.ImportantWhen using Windows Server Core images, you might find that some DLLs are missing, whencompared to full Windows images. You might be able to solve this problem by creating a customServer Core image, adding the missing files at image build time, as mentioned in this GitHubcomment.When you add the image name to your Dockerfile file, you can select the operating system andversion depending on the tag you use, as in the following examples:17 CHAPTER 3 | Choosing Between .NET Core and .NET Framework for Docker Containers
Page 2 and 3: EDITION v3.1.1 - Updated to ASP.NET
Page 4 and 5: ContentsIntroduction ..............
Page 6 and 7: Communication styles ..............
Page 8 and 9: Using message brokers and services
Page 10 and 11: Additional resources ..............
Page 12 and 13: Issue security tokens from an ASP.N
Page 14 and 15: coinciding in time with the .NET Co
Page 16 and 17: similar to instantiating a process
Page 18 and 19: For VMs, there are three base layer
Page 20 and 21: (heavier), an image containing only
Page 22 and 23: The registry is like a bookshelf wh
Page 24 and 25: • You need to use Windows APIs th
Page 26 and 27: Linux or Windows Nano, you can run
Page 30 and 31: Imagemcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/
Page 32 and 33: CHAPTER 4Architecting container and
Page 34 and 35: For example, in a typical e-commerc
Page 36 and 37: Figure 4-4. Publishing a single-con
Page 38 and 39: tmpfs mounts are basically virtual
Page 40 and 41: and decentralized data management)
Page 42 and 43: transactional purchase subsystems,
Page 44 and 45: business microservice composed of s
Page 46 and 47: purpose in another context, and mig
Page 48 and 49: Figure 4-9. A microservice can’t
Page 50 and 51: Therefore, in order to enforce micr
Page 52 and 53: entities can be defined, depending
Page 54 and 55: The API gateway pattern versus the
Page 56 and 57: actions impact maintenance pretty b
Page 58 and 59: Figure 4-13.1. Using multiple custo
Page 60 and 61: Azure API ManagementAzure API Manag
Page 62 and 63: • If the API Gateway is developed
Page 64 and 65: A microservice-based application wi
Page 66 and 67: You might use any protocol to commu
Page 68 and 69: Figure 4-17. One-to-one real-time a
Page 70 and 71: Note that when the commands come fr
Page 72 and 73: service-bus features on top of lowe
Page 74 and 75: Microservices addressability and th
Page 76 and 77: Figure 4-21. Example of a composite
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the event order is challenging. In
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• Connect Windows computers to th
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Software platforms for container cl
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Figure 4-25. Running Kubernetes in
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This feature is based on URL prefix
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Additional resources• Visual Stud
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Step 1. Start coding and create you
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Figure 5-3. Enabling Docker Support
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FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/
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1 FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/cor
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For the final optimization, it just
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Step 4. Define your services in doc
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Figure 5-7. Adding Docker support i
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Using Docker CLITo run a multi-cont
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Figure 5-14. Example of testing you
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Additional resources• aspnet-dock
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to consume. It should also be able
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Figure 6-1. The eShopOnContainers r
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deployment architecture can bring d
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Figure 6-2. External versus interna
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Multi-architectural pattern and pol
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Figure 6-6. Creating an ASP.NET Cor
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any SQL Server, such as Windows on-
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.Take(pageSize).ToListAsync();items
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# docker-compose.override.yml#catal
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microservice, either data-driven mi
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The Swashbuckle generated Swagger U
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Figure 6-10. Swagger JSON metadataI
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basket-api:image: eshop/basket-apie
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Using docker-compose files to targe
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Figure 6-12. Multiple docker-compos
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#docker-compose.override.yml (Exten
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docker-compose.prod.yml with differ
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Additional resources• Building Op
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Log.Information("Starting web host
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}static IEnumerable<CatalogType> Ge
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Implementing event-based communicat
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}}OldPrice = oldPrice;The integrati
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use the API and abstractions provid
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Implementing a simple publish metho
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Subscribing to eventsThe first step
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Let’s go back to the initial issu
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The approach illustrated in Figure
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After the ProductPriceChangedIntegr
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the system handles the event. Messa
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• Chris Richardson. Event Sourcin
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Integration testing ensures that an
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Unit and integration test per micro
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Since .NET Core 2.0, the framework
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The IHostedService as defined in .N
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public class GracePeriodManagerServ
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• GenericHost Sample using ASP.NE
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Figure 6-30. Sample Web API microse
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This command only runs the catalog-
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The important point here for Ocelot
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Using a single Docker container ima
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- "5203:80"volumes:- ./src/ApiGatew
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Figure 6-38. Zoom in vision of the
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In any case, if the app is secured
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Using Kubernetes Ingress plus Ocelo
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CHAPTER 7Tackle BusinessComplexity
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DDD books• Eric Evans. Domain-Dri
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Figure 7-2. Simplified CQRS- and DD
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There is only one application archi
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Dapper is an open-source project (o
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}}}@"SELECT o.[Id] as ordernumber,o
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https://docs.microsoft.com/archive/
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The three layers in a DDD microserv
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Thus, your layers or class librarie
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has a lot of logic implemented in t
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The Aggregate patternA domain model
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Additional resources• Vaughn Vern
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Figure 7-11. The order aggregate in
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For example, following DDD patterns
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Additional resources• Vaughn Vern
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{if (!_requestedHashCode.HasValue)_
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Figure 7-13. Address value object w
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}{return false;}}return !thisValues
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Just by looking at the domain model
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• The identity (key) of an owned
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public abstract class Enumeration :
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if the validation fails. There are
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• Martin Fowler. Replacing Throwi
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What is a domain event?An event is
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It is important to understand that
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public class OrderStartedDomainEven
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Notice that the only thing that the
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current state of the aggregates. Th
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{}IIdentityService identityService)
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The Repository patternRepositories
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public interface IOrderRepository :
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• Eric Evans. Domain-Driven Desig
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Note that the OrderItems property c
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suggested by this guide have severa
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The repository instance lifetime in
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orderConfiguration.Property<int?>("
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// GENERIC SPECIFICATION IMPLEMENTA
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Use NoSQL databases as a persistenc
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When you use a C# model to implemen
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As shown in the following image, by
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Figure 7-22. MongoDB API NuGet pack
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Retrieve the dataIn C# code, like W
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Design the microservice application
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application’s Startup class. Your
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Use Autofac as an IoC containerYou
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Figure 7-24 shows that the UI app s
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}CardTypeId = cardTypeId;CardExpira
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As an example of a command handler
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Figure 7-25. Using the Mediator pat
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Additionally, async commands are on
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var createOrderCommand = new Create
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// CreateOrderCommandHandler.cspubl
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public class MediatorModule : Autof
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public class CreateOrderCommandVali
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CHAPTER 8Implement resilientapplica
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Figure 8-2. The impact of having an
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certain failure scenarios faster th
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public async Task<IActionResult> Up
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Issues with the original HttpClient
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Figure 8-4. Using IHttpClientFactor
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Implement your Typed Client classes
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Implement HTTP call retries with ex
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complete failure of a service. In t
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One option is to lower the allowed
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Additional resources• Circuit Bre
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CancellationToken cancellationToken
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tags: new string[] { "catalogstorag
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HealthChecksUI is easy to consume w
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CHAPTER 9Make secure .NETMicroservi
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public void ConfigureServices(IServ
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TipAll details are handled by the a
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}});options.Scope.Add("webshoppinga
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The parameters in this usage are:
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In this example, only users in the
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code and making sure not to store s
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ImportantWe recommend that you regi
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CLI versus IDE. With Microsoft tool
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