lichens of the lower ozark region of missouri and arkansas

Cladonia furcata (Huds.) Schrad. [CDFUR] - fruticose
Occasional in lightly shaded, well-drained soil on wooded slopes, often associated with Cladina
subtenuis. This species is more shade tolerant than Cladina subtenuis, and sometimes forms
extensive populations of scattered patches in wooded uplands, particularly where vascular
competition at the ground level is sparse, such as around old turkey scratching areas.
[fumarprotocetraric acid]
Cladonia grayi G. Merr. ex Sandst. [CDGRY] - fruticose
Very common, with a variety of habitats and substrates. This is the most common, morphologically
variable, and ecologically plastic of our cup-forming Cladonia species. It is nearly ubiquitous in
lightly shaded rocky woodlands, occurring in open well-drained soil, on moss mats, and on siliceous
boulders and rock fragments. This species also occurs on rotting logs, shaded lower faces of massive
bluffs and outcrops, and even on tree boles. The cups range in size from a few mm to more than 3 cm,
wi th a bewildering array of shapes and degrees of marginal proliferation. Lower Ozark material is
about evenly divided betw een populati ons with and without fumarprotocetraric acid. [grayanic acid,
± fumarprotocetraric acid]
Cladonia leporina Fr. [CDLEP] - fruticose
Uncommon and restr icted to high quality igneous glades, where it occurs over massive rock exposures,
usually among mats of C. dimorphoclada. This southeastern species is at the extreme northern limit
of its interior range in the Lower Ozarks. [baeomycic, squamatic, & usnic acids, ± bellidiflorin, ±
didymic acid]
Cladonia macilenta Hoffm. var. bacillaris (Genth) Schaer. [CDBAC] - fruticose
Common on rotting decorticate logs and stumps in light to moderate shade in woodlands. This lichen
is also a characteristic species on the bases of Pinus echinata in wooded uplands, and also occurs
less commonly on shaded bases of large hardwood trees. This species is typically sterile, and care
must be taken to note the sometimes obscure red pycnidia, which can become somewhat brownish with
age. [barbatic acid, ± didymic & usnic acids]
Cladonia mateocyatha Robbins [CDMAT] - fruticose
Uncommon and local, on massive siliceous rock expanses in glades, occurring on both sandstone and
igneous substrates, and sometimes growing in thin soil over bedrock expanses. This species has large,
rounded, brownish squamules with a dingy, brownish white undersurface. Our populations invariably
consist of sterile squamules. [fumarprotocetraric acid]
Cladonia ochrochlora Flörke [CDOCH] - fruticose
Frequent on rotting logs, stumps, and mossy boulders in mesic sites, particularly in wooded ravines
and woodlands along streams. This species is closely related to C. coniocraea, al though a s
interpreted here, C. ochrochlora is the more common element in the region. Cladonia ochrochlora
has the podeti a basally corticate w ith a few rounded soralia, and usually has larger squamules than
C. coniocraea. [fumarprotocetraric acid]
Cladonia parasitica (Hoffm.) Hoffm. [CDPAR] - fruticose
Locally frequent on rotting decorticate logs in woodlands, including well-rotted logs near the point
of disintegration. This species occurs in habitats ranging from mesic to dry, and can be recognized
by the tiny, delicate, dark green podetia, and abundant small, dark brown apothecia.
[decarboxythamnolic & thamnol ic acids, ± barbatic acid, ± bellidiflorin]
Cladonia petrophila R. C. Harris [CDPET] - fruticose
Restricted to shaded outcrops and boulders of siliceous rocks, usually in mesic areas such as ravines
and along the bases of bluffs. This species usually grows as extensive, flattened patches of somewhat
widely spaced squamules, and displays a predilection for vertical or steeply sloping rock surfaces.
[atranorin, sphaerophorin, fumarprotocetraric acid]
Cladonia pez iziformis (With.) J. R. Laundon [CDPEZ] - fruticose