lichens of the lower ozark region of missouri and arkansas

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Very common on well-drained soil, lignum, rocks, and tree bases in a variety of exposed to shaded habitats. This is one of the first pioneer lichens to invade abandoned fields and road cuts. It is also one of the few species of Cladonia to inhabit dolomite as well as siliceous rocks. The tiny, pale greenish gray squamules in small dense patches, and the tan apothecia terminating the twisted podetia are diagnostic. [fumarprotocetraric acid] Cladonia piedmontensis G. Merr. [CDPIE] - fruticose Occasional but seldom abundant; in sterile, acidic soils in exposed to lightly shaded sites, often occurring in areas with sparse but prominent vascular vegetation. [usnic acid] Cladonia pleurota (Flörke) Schaer. [CDPLE] - fruticose Frequent in well-drained acidic soils, often growing in more exposed, acidic sites than other cup for ming species of Cladonia. This species occurs in siliceous glades and on rocky acidic bluff summits and ridges. It is also found rarely on dry decorticate logs and stumps along glade edges. [usnic acid, zeorin, ± bellediflorin] Cladonia polycarpoides Nyl. [CDPOLS] - fruticose Common in sterile, well-drained, acidic soil in exposed areas. This lichen is particularly common in soil derived from cherty parent materials, growing in old fields and along road cuts. It also occurs in openings in wooded uplands. [norstictic acid] Cladonia pyxidata (L.) Hoffm. [CDPYX] - fruticose Occasional in rocky open woodlands, growing on rocky soil and often associated with mosses. This species has small, areolate granules on the cups, and care must be taken to distinguish these from the soredia that characterize the other cup-forming species of Cladonia in the region. [fumarprotocetraric acid] Cladonia ramulosa (With.) J. R. Laundon [CDRAM] - fruticose Occasional, mostly on shaded decorticate logs in woodlands. This name, as it seems to be applied in the Midwest, is a general repository for farinose sorediate, small Cladonia containing only fumarprotocetraric acid and having pointed podetia. There may be more than one taxon included conceptually under this name, as local material ranges from well-defined, sorediate-margined squamules wi th podetia to general masses of squamulose soredia lacking podetia. [fumarprotocetraric acid] Cladonia ravenelii Tuck. [CDRAV] - fruticose Locally frequent in exposed to lightly shaded upland sites, where it grows on well-drained bark or wood of Juniperus virginiana and Pinus echinata. This species occurs on living bark, dead wood, stumps, and charred logs of the host trees. [didymic & thamnolic acids] Cladonia robbinsii A. Evans [CDROB] - fruticose Common on sterile, exposed to slightly shaded, rocky soil in uplands, and on massive exposures of siliceous rocks. In acidic rocky soils, particularly in light shade, it often associates with Cladina subtenuis and Cladonia apodocarpa. In siliceous glades, Cladonia dimorphoclada is a common associate. [barbatic & usnic acids] Cladonia simulata Robbins [CDSIM] - fruticose Rare; known only from a Richard Harris collection from Iron County and a Gerould Wilhelm collection from Howell County. Thomson (1967) states that this species has a yellowish green color and resembles C. piedmontensis. The Iron County record, and other material from Florida archived at NY, lacks the yellowish green tint and has pointed podetia. [fumarprotocetraric acid] Cladonia sobolescens Nyl. ex Vain. [CDSOB] - fruticose Occasional in exposed to lightly shaded, acidic, well-drained soil. This species resembles C. polycarpoides in its ecology and morphology, but is less common in the region. [fumarprotocetraric acid]
Cladonia squamosa Hoffm. [CDSQU] -fruticose Local in mesic shaded areas, on massive, well drained, usually vertical or steeply sloping siliceous rock outcrops in ravines and on ledges, outcrops, and lower bluff faces. This species sometimes occurs in drier, more exposed sites along the margins of sandstone or igneous glades, or in semisheltered areas on rock faces in glades. See discussion under C. atlantica. [squamatic acid] Cladonia strepsilis (Ach.) Grognot [CDSTR] - fruticose Local in exposed glades and on bluff summits and exposed ledges, growing over massive exposures of siliceous rock. Infrequently, this species occurs in open xeric wooded uplands, growing in rocky soil on upper slopes and ridges, where associates include such species as C. apodocarpa and C. robbinsii. [baeomycic acid, str epsilin] Cladonia subradiata (Vain.) Sandst. [CDSUB] - fruticose In the region are populations of an unusual Cladonia with partly ecorticate podetia mostly covered with fine, partly corticate, isidioid granules, the podetia with well-developed pale to dark brown apothecia, and basal squamules copiously incised. Sam Hammer (personal communication) has tentatively determined this element as a somewhat anomalous form of C. subradiata, a species with affinities to the Gulf Coastal Plain. Our specimens resemble southeastern material in overall aspect, except that local material does not form cups, and the podetia are not squamulose. Ozark specimens are all from rotting, decorticate logs. [fumarprotocetraric acid] Cladonia symphycarpa (Flörke) Fr. [CDSYM] - fruticose Known from the region only on the basis of a literature report from Reynolds County, although this species occurs rarely elsewhere in the Ozarks. The large squamules, with a pale gray green upper surface and chalky white lower surface, look like those of C. apodocarpa. [atranorin, norstictic acid] Cladonia uncialis (L.) F. H. Wigg. [CDUNC] - fruticose Occasional in open, well-drained sites associated with massive exposures of siliceous rock, occurring on both glades and upper portions of massive bluffs. This species is related to and frequently associated with C. dimorphoclada; see also comments under that species. [squamatic & usnic acids] __________ CLAUZADEA Haffelner & Bellem. (Porpidiaceae) Saxicolous crusts with obscure, thin or endolithic thalli, photobiont Trebouxia, apothecia black to dark purplish brown, plane to convex, sessile to more commonly immersed in pits in the substrate, asci Porpidia type, with 8 simple, hyaline, broadly oval spores; 1 species in the region. Clauz adea metz leri (Körb.) Clauz. & Roux ex D. Hawksw. [CLAME] - crustose Uncommon on exposed dolomite in glades, growing on both small fragments and massive bedrock exposures. __________ COCCOCARPIA Pers. (Coccocarpiaceae) Small, dark lead gray, isidiate foliose lichens with relatively short, broad lobes, lower surface mostly dark, with dense, rhizine-like tomentum, apothecia sessile, photobiont Scytonema (in our species), asci with an I+ blue apical cap, with 8 hyaline, ellipsoid, simple spores; 1 species in the region. Reference: Arvidisson (1982). Coccocarpia palmicola (Spreng.) Arv. & D. J. Galloway [COCPA] - foliose Occasional on lightly shaded, often mossy, rocks, and less commonly on shaded bases of larger trees in mature woodlands. __________ COLLEMA F. H. Wigg. (Collemataceae)
Page 1: LICHENS OF THE LOWER OZARK REGION O
Page 4 and 5: In this treatment, a general key is
Page 6 and 7: Key to sec tions (continued) 7. Apo
Page 8 and 9: Key B: Foliose lichens (continued)
Page 14 and 15: KEY C: SQUAMULOSE LICHENS 1. Perith
Page 16 and 17: Key D : Sterile crustose lichens (c
Page 18 and 19: KEY E: CRUSTOSE LICHENS WITH STALKE
Page 20 and 21: Key F: Crustose lichens with perith
Page 22 and 23: KEY H: CRUSTOSE LICHENS WITH ROUND
Page 24 and 25: Key H : Crustose lichens with round
Page 30 and 31: AGONIMIA Zahlbr. (Verrucariaceae) C
Page 32 and 33: with evident apical dome, with 8 hy
Page 34 and 35: BACIDIA De Not. (Lecanoraceae) Crus
Page 36 and 37: 5. Thallus of thick areoles; norsti
Page 38 and 39: 8. Thallus absent, or consisting of
Page 40 and 41: essentially concolorous with the th
Page 42 and 43: Canoparmelia crozalsiana (de Lesd.
Page 44 and 45: a thickened I+ blue apical dome, wi
Page 46 and 47: 2. Cu ps no t proliferating from th
Page 48 and 49: Uncommon, on exposed, well-drained
Page 52 and 53: Gelatinous lichens with dull, brown
Page 54 and 55: Infrequent in lightly shaded dry me
Page 56 and 57: Diploschistes actinostomus (Ach.) Z
Page 58 and 59: Broad lobed, yellow-green foliose l
Page 60 and 61: Uncommon, in habitats similar to th
Page 62 and 63: Small green to brown squamulose lic
Page 64 and 65: Crustose lichens with powdery, gran
Page 66 and 67: fragments in dolomite glades. More
Page 68 and 69: convenience, some morphologically s
Page 70 and 71: Infrequent in shaded mesic habitats
Page 72 and 73: 3. Apothecia pale to orange brown;
Page 74 and 75: Myelochroa aurulenta (Tuck.) Elix &
Page 76 and 77: Ochrolechia yasudae Vain. [OCHYA] -
Page 78 and 79: Occasional on shaded tree boles and
Page 80 and 81: Parmotrema margaritatum (Hue) Hale
Page 82 and 83: 4. Wart C+ red (lecanoric acid), wi
Page 84 and 85: which has four ornamented spores pe
Page 86 and 87: 1. Thallus sorediate. 2. Medulla pr
Page 88 and 89: photobiont Trebouxia, asci Bacidia-
Page 90 and 91: 1. Medulla C- (gyrophoric acid abse
Page 92 and 93: Porpidia tahawasiana Gowan [PORTA]
Page 94 and 95: correlation between habitat ecology
Page 96 and 97: 1. Upper cortex UV+ yellow, K- (lic
Page 98 and 99: Rimelia subisidiosa (Müll. Arg.) H
Page 100 and 101:
__________ SCOLICIOSPORUM A. Massal
Page 102 and 103:
Known from a single site at the bas
Page 104 and 105:
TRAPELIA M. Choisy (Trapeliaceae) S
Page 106 and 107:
3. Medulla K+ yellow or red. 5. Usu
Page 108 and 109:
Verrucaria faye ttensis Servít [VE
Page 110 and 111:
north of the Lower Ozarks. [fumarpr
Page 112 and 113:
Hale, M.E. 1957. Corticolous lichen
Page 114 and 115:
abietinum (Calicium) 39 ABSCONDITEL
Page 116 and 117:
scripta 21, 66, 87 grayi (Cladonia)
Page 118 and 119:
praetextata (Peltigera) 93 prasina
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lichens of the lower ozark region of missouri and arkansas

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