lichens of the lower ozark region of missouri and arkansas

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Key B: Foliose lichens (continued) 1. Thallus not gelatinous, variously colored, with a distinct algal layer, upper and lower surfaces usually different colors; photobiont various ..........................................7 7. Upper cortex tinted wi th orange or yellow, ranging from yellow green or sea green to lemon yellow or orange ............................................................8 8. Upper cortex golden yellow to orange, K+ magenta (parietin) ....................9 9. Thallus esorediate, closely adnate; rhizines lacking ........ Caloplaca "squamosa" 9. Thallus sorediate, appressed to suberect; rhizines present ............. Xanthoria 8. Upper cortex lemon yellow to yellowish green or sea green, K- ..................10 10. Upper cortex lemon yellow (sometimes greenish yellow in extremely shaded populations); lower cortex pale, rhizinate; thallus lobes < 0.4 mm wide ............. ........................................................ Candelaria 10. Upper cortex yellowish green; lower cortex various, but if thallus lobes < 0.5 mm wide then thallus subcrustose and lower cortex lacking rhizines .....................11 11. Thallus subcrustose to squamulose-umbilicate, either of discrete, bullate, subumbilicate areoles < 5 mm diameter or with areolate central portions and closely appressed marginal lobes; rhizines lacking ..............................12 12. Thallus of suberect, swollen, bullate, subumbilicate areoles; lower surface pale brown, corticate .............................. Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca 12. Thallus subcrustose, centrally areolate, with appressed lobate margins; lower cortex lacking ..................................................13 13. On siliceous rock; apothecia black; ascospores brownish, 2-celled ..... ........................................... Dimelaena oreina 13. Substrate various, typically calciferous; apothecia tan to brown; ascospores hyaline, simple ........................................ Lecanora 11. Thallus foliose, with a distinct rhizinate lower cortex; thallus not areolate ...14 14. Thallus loosely adnate and convoluted; medulla bright yellow; lower cortex yellowish ......................................... Vulpicida viridis 14. Thallus closely adnate, ± flat; medul la white; lower cortex w hitish to tan, brown, or black. ................................................15 15. Lobes broad, apically rounded, some > 3.5 mm wide; upper cortex dull to lustrous ....................................................16 16. Isidiate or sorediate; apothecia rare ........................17 17. Isidiate, the isidia sometimes breaking to appear apically sorediate ......................................................................................................18
Key B: Foliose lichens (continued) 18. Isidia fine, cylindrical; thallus margins ciliate ............. ...................... Parmotrema madagascariaceum 18. Isidia coarse, pustular, appearing apically sorediate with age; marginal cilia absent .......................Flavoparmelia 16. Diaspores absent; apothecia common ..... Flavoparmelia rutidota 15. Lobes narrower and typically more elongate, prevailingly < 3.5 mm wide; upper cortex ± lustrous ............................ Xanthoparmelia 7. Upper cortex brown, gray, or bluish or greenish gray, without yellowish tints (some species may have yellow soredia or medullary tissue) ........................................19 19. Upper cortex brown to brownish gray, K- ..................................20 20. Lower surface tomentose, often felt-like ................................21 21. Lower surface with disti nct raised or darkened veins ............. Peltigera 21. Lower surface lacking raised or darkened veins .......................22 22. Lower surface with abundant small pores; bright yel low soredia present ...................................... Pseudocyphellaria aurata 22. Lower surface lacking pores; soredia, if present, not yellow ...........23 23. Thallus lustrous, deep brown, with laminal, flattened, isidia-like lobules; apothecia on underside of lobe tips ............... Nephroma helveticum 23. Thallus dull, gray brown, lobules, if present, marginal and not strongly flattened; apothecia on upper surface .............................24 24. Apothecia without a thalline margin ... Santessoniella crossophylla 24. Apothecia with a distinct thalline margin ....................25 25. Thallus squamulose to subfoliose, with abundant whitish marginal zones; hymenium ultimately IKI+ reddish brown (sometime initially blue green); ascospore with attenuate apiculus and smooth sheaths .............................. Fuscopannaria leucosticta 25. Thallus foliose, essentially without whitish marginal zones; hymenium persistently IKI+ blue (only around asci); ascospores wi th ± short apiculus and rough sheaths ..................... Pannaria 20. Lower surface bare or rhizinate, lacking tomentum ........................26
Page 1: LICHENS OF THE LOWER OZARK REGION O
Page 4 and 5: In this treatment, a general key is
Page 6 and 7: Key to sec tions (continued) 7. Apo
Page 10 and 11: Key B: Foliose lichens (continued)
Page 12 and 13: Key B: Foliose lichens (continued)
Page 14 and 15: KEY C: SQUAMULOSE LICHENS 1. Perith
Page 16 and 17: Key D : Sterile crustose lichens (c
Page 18 and 19: KEY E: CRUSTOSE LICHENS WITH STALKE
Page 20 and 21: Key F: Crustose lichens with perith
Page 22 and 23: KEY H: CRUSTOSE LICHENS WITH ROUND
Page 24 and 25: Key H : Crustose lichens with round
Page 30 and 31: AGONIMIA Zahlbr. (Verrucariaceae) C
Page 32 and 33: with evident apical dome, with 8 hy
Page 34 and 35: BACIDIA De Not. (Lecanoraceae) Crus
Page 36 and 37: 5. Thallus of thick areoles; norsti
Page 38 and 39: 8. Thallus absent, or consisting of
Page 40 and 41: essentially concolorous with the th
Page 42 and 43: Canoparmelia crozalsiana (de Lesd.
Page 44 and 45: a thickened I+ blue apical dome, wi
Page 46 and 47: 2. Cu ps no t proliferating from th
Page 48 and 49: Uncommon, on exposed, well-drained
Page 50 and 51: Very common on well-drained soil, l
Page 52 and 53: Gelatinous lichens with dull, brown
Page 54 and 55: Infrequent in lightly shaded dry me
Page 56 and 57: Diploschistes actinostomus (Ach.) Z
Page 58 and 59:
Broad lobed, yellow-green foliose l
Page 60 and 61:
Uncommon, in habitats similar to th
Page 62 and 63:
Small green to brown squamulose lic
Page 64 and 65:
Crustose lichens with powdery, gran
Page 66 and 67:
fragments in dolomite glades. More
Page 68 and 69:
convenience, some morphologically s
Page 70 and 71:
Infrequent in shaded mesic habitats
Page 72 and 73:
3. Apothecia pale to orange brown;
Page 74 and 75:
Myelochroa aurulenta (Tuck.) Elix &
Page 76 and 77:
Ochrolechia yasudae Vain. [OCHYA] -
Page 78 and 79:
Occasional on shaded tree boles and
Page 80 and 81:
Parmotrema margaritatum (Hue) Hale
Page 82 and 83:
4. Wart C+ red (lecanoric acid), wi
Page 84 and 85:
which has four ornamented spores pe
Page 86 and 87:
1. Thallus sorediate. 2. Medulla pr
Page 88 and 89:
photobiont Trebouxia, asci Bacidia-
Page 90 and 91:
1. Medulla C- (gyrophoric acid abse
Page 92 and 93:
Porpidia tahawasiana Gowan [PORTA]
Page 94 and 95:
correlation between habitat ecology
Page 96 and 97:
1. Upper cortex UV+ yellow, K- (lic
Page 98 and 99:
Rimelia subisidiosa (Müll. Arg.) H
Page 100 and 101:
__________ SCOLICIOSPORUM A. Massal
Page 102 and 103:
Known from a single site at the bas
Page 104 and 105:
TRAPELIA M. Choisy (Trapeliaceae) S
Page 106 and 107:
3. Medulla K+ yellow or red. 5. Usu
Page 108 and 109:
Verrucaria faye ttensis Servít [VE
Page 110 and 111:
north of the Lower Ozarks. [fumarpr
Page 112 and 113:
Hale, M.E. 1957. Corticolous lichen
Page 114 and 115:
abietinum (Calicium) 39 ABSCONDITEL
Page 116 and 117:
scripta 21, 66, 87 grayi (Cladonia)
Page 118 and 119:
praetextata (Peltigera) 93 prasina
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lichens of the lower ozark region of missouri and arkansas

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