Sydney Medical Distribution Centre

SYDNEY MEDICAL DISTRIBUTION CENTRE

S M

D C

BEN TANG

2020 | Graduation Studio Programmatic Sculpture IV | SYDNEY MEDICAL DISTRIBUTION CENTRE

Introduction

2020 | Graduation Studio

Programmatic Sculpture IV

Semester one

Mentor:

Dr François Blanciak

The project located on Tumbalong Park

is the Sydney Medical Distribution Centre

which utilises technologies such as drones

to deliver medical needs more effectively

during and after COVID-19 situations for

the Inner Sydney suburbs. Within 3km

to the site there are 15 pharmaceutical

companies which could help administrate

or supply medical products to the centre. As

the population increases rapidly in Sydney,

delivery services are struggling to meet the

demand in current and future times. The

service which will bring convenience and

assistance to those who are physically or

mentally disadvantaged through chronic

illness.

The architecture brief for the project was

based on a morphological constraint of

a cylinder measuring 90m diameter x

120m high. The program is the key which

differentiates a project from another with

most of the emphasis on the functional

space within the form. For this instance, the

architecture is uniquely crafted based on

the process of a medical distribution centre

which its goal is to deliver as much medical

needs to the thousands of patients within

the city in a day.

02

Contents

04

Research

48

Speculative

10

04 Typical Warehouse

05 Amazon Distribution Centre

06 Chronic Disease

07 Drone Study

08 The Distribution Process

Site

Machine Age 2.0

50 Movement Section

52 Driver-less Delivery

54 Unboxing & Sorting

56 Storage & Picking

58 Packing

60 Drone Delivery

Tumbalong Park

12 Pharmaceutical Companies

14 Inner Sydney Residents & Dwellings

16 Dwelling Types & Drone Delivery

18 Wind Study

20 Drone Path

62

Conclusion

22

Design

Sydney Medical Distribution Centre

24 Machines & Human Workers

26 Building Organisation

28 Elevations

30 Section & Sound Study

32 Sections

34 Basement

36 Ground

38 Sorting

40 Storage & Picking

42 Packing

44 Drone Delivery

03


Research

PROGRAMMATIC ANALYSIS

Distribution

Warehouse

The interest started with the typical

distribution warehouse. The warehouse was

site-less and didn’t show it’s interaction for

the surrounding site. The fundamentals to

run a warehouse includes the circulation

spaces, storage, office, toilets and etc.

Warehouses tend to have an industrial

aesthetic due to the efficient built of

steel frames and cladding. The structural

advantage is the possibility to span

over a large open floor space without

compromising on function. Pre fabrication

has its benefits for the type of structure

which can be easily transported and

assembled on site.

TYPICAL DISTRIBUTION WAREHOUSE - 1:500 @A1

WAREHOUSE RESPONSE TO

CIRCULATION

STORAGE

OFFICE

TOILET

OTHER

806m² 68%

300m2 - 26%

35m2 - 3%

30m2 - 2.6%

4m2 - 0.4%

CIRCULATION

STORAGE

OFFICE

TOILET

1,175m2

04

PARTI DIAGRAMS

RESEARCH

The Amazon

Warehouse

Amazon’s many fulfilment centres across the

U.S. and now global, which serves millions

of customers per year was the inspiration for

the project.

Kiva Robots

The autonomous storage organiser called

Kiva Robots help store and retrieve items

more effectively without having to physically

find items off the shelves as tradition

warehouse would. This in the long run

saves time and energy which could be used

to focus on delivering to customers more

faster.

All shelves are ran on a database of its own

with locations recorded for all it’s products.

With the Kiva system, flexibility is an

advantage with items no longer require to

have a specific location.

Robotic Arm

In charge of heavy lifting or repetition to

move items from one place to another. Kuka

which is the brand who specialises in these

sorts of robots are becoming more common

in the industry. The head and movement of

the robot can be modified and programmed

to suit the user.

Quality Control

Despite the many robotics moving around

in the warehouse, humans still manage most

of the processes to ensure all products are

properly checked before sending it out to

customers.

Image Source: Amazon

05


Chronic Disease

The need for a medical distribution centre

is even greater after COVID-19. Many

patients currently require to visit a chemist

every fortnight to a month to collect their

medication. Most chronic diseases may

restrict one from visiting a chemist often.

With the convenience of home delivery,

patients no longer have to worry.

Top Chronic Disease in Australia ‘17

Health risks after COVID-19

Source: https://www.sydney.edu.au/news-opinion/

news/2017/03/10/the-six-top-chronic-healthissues-affecting-australians--new-res.html

06

RESEARCH

Drone Types and Sound

Different types of drones for different

scenarios based on payload, flight time or

characteristics.

Drone Types

Endurance / Compact

DJI Matrice 100

Payload - 3.6kg

Flight Time - 50min

Mid Range

Onyxstar Hydra - 12

Payload - 12kg

Flight Time - 30min

Sound

30dB - Whisper

50dB - Moderate Rain

60dB - Conversation

70dB - Car, City Traffic

75dB - Drone

80dB - Truck

90dB - Hairdryer

100dB - Helicopter

120dB - Police Siren

Heavy Deliveries

Freefly Alta 8 Pro

Payload - 18kg

Flight Time - 16min

Average Drone Decibel = 75dB

Maximum drone platform = 36drones

Drone distance to people = 120m radius Maximum

drones in 120m radius = 72drones

Water / Rain Proof

Swellpro Splash

Payload - 1kg

Flight Time - 23min

Drone from 120m away from a single 75dB drone

= 33dB

120m away from 36 Drones = 48.4dB

120m away from 72drones = 52dB

From source of 36 drones = 90.4dB

From source of 72 drones = 94dB

Average speed in mid flight = 1.1km/minute

Distance for 10sec = <180m apart

Distance for 30sec = <550m apart

Take off and landing speed will reduce distance.

120m away from the cluster of 72 drones the noise

will be 52dB

07


Distribution Process

Import

Import

Import

Inventory

Inventory

Inventory

*All medical items should all have barcodes

*All medical and items appropriately should all have packaged barcodes before delivering

*With the help of people and computers to

and appropriately into the packaged distribution before centre delivering via trucks or vans. *With the help of scan people in the and items computers onto the to system

into the distribution Unpacked centre and checked. via trucks or vans.

help scan in the items onto the system

Unpacked and checked.

*Once item is cleared from any issues and

*Once item items is cleared sent from to any a conveyor issues and belt to the

items are sent storage a area, conveyor with belt a specific to the location that is

Problem Solving Area storage area, many stored with on a Kiva specific the computer robots. location library that is system for

Problem Solving Area

stored on the easy computer retrieval. library system for

easy retrieval.

*Include damaged items, missing barcodes and labels, *Possibly stored by treatment category with

*Include damaged packaging items, issues missing should barcodes be sent to and a problem labels, solving *Possibly stored all similar by treatment category with different with brands

packaging staff issues who should could be fix sent the to issue a problem before sending solving it into all similar treatment together. with different brands

staff who could inventory. fix the issue before sending it into

together.

inventory.

*All medical items should all have a barcode

and appropriately packaged before

delivering into the distribution centre via

trucks or vans.

Unpacked and checked.

Problem Solve

*Include damaged items, missing barcodes

and labels, packaging issues should be sent

to a problem solving staff who could fix the

issue before sending it into inventory.

*All Items are scanned into the system

*For all cleared items, goods are sent up

from the conveyor belt to the storage area

which is placed and recorded in one of the

Picke

Picked

Once an order comes in b

Once an order specialised comes in staff by is a in custom char

specialised these staff is items in charge which of can pickin be

these items dedicated which can moving be retrieve androi wi

dedicated items moving from androids a distance. carrying

items from a distance.

The picker job is to be ab

The picker right job is products to be able from to retrie the in

right products the customers from the inventory order. an

the customers order.

08

RESEARCH

Picked Picked Packed Packed Deliver Deliver

Once an order comes in by a customer, Picked items are placed in a tray and given All packages that are ready can be delivered

a specialised staff is in charge of picking to the packer. The box size is determine by drones.

these items through the database which is by the computer and is able to carefully

Once connected an order to comes the in Kiva by a robots. The a picker is Picked package items are placed and label in a tray the and required given info such as

Once an order comes in by a customer, a Picked items are placed in a tray and given

All All packages *Items that below that are are ready 3kg ready can goes can be be to delivered delivered DJI Matrice by by drones. drones. 100

an order comes in by a customer, a Picked items are placed in a tray and given

All packages that are ready can be delivered by drones.

able to command

staff is in charge

the kiva

of picking

robots and check

to the packer.

the receiptents

The box size

address.

is by

*Items above 3kg goes to Onyxstar Hydra

specialised staff is in charge of picking

to the packer. The box size is determine by

lised staff items

these is in items charge off according

which of picking to the order.

these items which can can be be retrieve retrieve with with to the packer. the the computer The box size and and is the determine the packer packer is able by is able to to

*Items *Items below *Items below 3kg above 3kg goes goes 11kg to to DJI DJI or Matrice Matrice below 10018kg goes to

items which can be moving retrieve androids with carrying these

computer assemble and the

Amazon

and packer

introduced

pack is the able items to

a system called

in carefully *Items SLAM below *Items 3kg above goes 3kg to DJI goes Matrice to Onyxstar 100

dedicated moving androids carrying these assemble and the items in carefully

*Items above Freefly 3kg Alta goes Proto

Onyxstar Hydra Hydra

which is 4 steps of Scan, Label, Apply

ated moving items androids from a distance. carrying these assemble and before pack labelling. the items in carefully

*Items and above *Items 3kg above goes 11kg to Onyxstar or below Hydra

items from a distance.

before labelling.

*Items above 11kg or below 18kg 18kg goes goes to to Freefly Freefly Alta Alta Pro Pro

Manifest.

from a distance.

before labelling.

*Items above *Waterproof 11kg or Items below Items within within 18kg 1kg goes 1kg Swellpro Swellpro to Freefly Splash Splash Alta Pro

The The picker picker job job is to is to be be able able to to retrieve retrieve the the Most Most items items and and fragile fragile products products should should *Waterproof Items within 1kg Swellpro Splash

*Most items and fragile products should

icker job right right is products to products be able from to from retrieve the the inventory inventory the and and fulfil fulfil Most items include and include fragile either: either: products Bubble Bubble Wrap, should Wrap, Air Air pillow pillow or or

include either: Bubble Wrap, Air pillow or

products the the from customers the inventory order. order. and fulfil include either: paper paper Bubble sheet sheet

paper Wrap, sheet Air pillow or

stomers order.

paper sheet

09


Site

Tumbalong Park

“Place where seafood is found” (Dharug)

Today the site is known to be an

entertainment precinct for the heart

of Sydney locals and tourist, from the

International Conventional Centre, Chinese

garden, shopping mall,variety of restaurants,

bars, rebirth of the IMAX theatre and a space

for temporary performance and events. On

the outer skirts of Tumbalong Park is the

CBD, UTS, residents and etc.

https://darlingharbour.com/learn-explore/history-and-heritage/#:~:text=In%201874%2C%20

the%20world's%20first,construction%20of%20

the%20Eiffel%20Tower.

The history of the site dates back as early

as 7,000 years ago known for transporting

goods mainly food from Darling Harbour

along the Parramatta river. The site used

to be in water, only until 1980’s onwards

where Darling Harbour was transformed

into a place for the people of Sydney with

reclamation of land from the existing Cockle

bay into what Tumbalong park is today. For

many years the site hasn’t been used for any

projects other than an open green space for

temporary events.

010

SITE

011


Pharmaceutical

Companies

Within a 3km range of Tumbalong Park

there are 15 pharmaceutical companies.

The opportunity to create a supply chain in

the heart of Sydney. The goal is to create

a seamless transition of medical supply to

patients.

Specialise in internal medicine, vaccines,

oncology treatments, inflammation and

immunology, rare disease and consumer

healthcare.

012

SITE

Companies From Road Distance

Intergenepharm

Mediland Pharm

Pfizer

Pharmacy Catalyst / Instigo

Farmaforce

Sasmar

Mylan

Roche

CNS Pharma

Takeda

Mundi Pharma

Cyclopharm

Sandoz

Tianda Pharma

Octapharma

800m

850m

1.2km

1.3km

1.5km

1.6km

1.7km

1.7km

1.8km

1.8km

1.9km

2.0km

2.6km

2.6km

3.0km

Manufacturing Locations

China

Australia & NZ

West Ryde, Sydney

Australia

Australia

Australia & Global

Carole Park, Queensland

Germany

U.S.

Japan

Australia

Australia

Solvenia

China

Austria, France, Germany, Mexico, Sweden

Manufactured locally or globally, these

pharmaceutical offices help supply these

products into Australia.

Data based from company websites

013


Inner Sydney Residents

& Dwellings

Based on the growth rate between 2001

to 2016 there is a 7.4% increase for the

population and 10.6% on dwellings. With a

prediction of approximately 338,900 people

and 171,380 dwellings by 2021.

Between 2001 to 2016

Inner Sydney Suburbs Increased by

7.4% in the Population and

10.6% in Dwellings

340000

338,900

315,551

255000

170000

85000

293,774

140,155

Total Population of

Surrounding

154,957

171,380

315,551 P

(Median Ag

014

0

2001 2021 (Predict)

Total Dwellings o

Sydney Surround

154,957 Dw

(Average 2 peopl

People Dwellings 2001 2016 2021

(Prediction)

4

SITE

Takeoff

DRONE LEVEL

r

Between 2001 to 2016

Inner Sydney Suburbs Increased by

7.4% in the Population and

10.6% in Dwellings

Inner Sydney

Suburbs

eople

e 32)

f the Inner

ing Suburbs

ellings

e per house)

340000

255000

170000

85000

0

293,774

140,155

315,551

154,957

338,900

Sydney City

Surry Hills

Redfern

Paddington

Pyrmont

Glebe

Darlinghurst 171,380

Camperdown

Potts Point

Ultimo / Haymarket

Chippendale

Elizabeth Bay

Forest Lodge

Woolloomooloo

Barangaroo

Moore Park

2001 2021 (Predict)

People Dwellings 2001 2016 2021

(Prediction)

24,654 People

16,412 People

13,213 People

12,911 People

12,813 People

11,532 People

11,320 People

10,341 People

9,423 People

8,845 People

8,617 People

5,215 People

4,583 People

4,011 People

189 People

28 People

10,947 Dwellings

9,219 Dwellings

7,186 Dwellings

6,560 Dwellings

6,462 Dwellings

5,973 Dwellings

6,769 Dwellings

5,451 Dwellings

4,991 Dwellings

3,653 Dwellings

4,174 Dwellings

3,893 Dwellings

2,336 Dwellings

2,480 Dwellings

148 Dwellings

14 Dwellings

Data from Census 2016

015


2016 Census

154,957 Dwellings in 2016

171,380+ Dwellings by 2021

Dwellings Types &

Drone Delivery

Average 2 people per house

66.5%

Apartments / Flats

82,905 Dwellings

Balcony

Water / Rain Proof

Swellpro Splash

Payload - 1kg

Flight Time - 23minutes

21.3%

Frequency Semi - Detached, (Per Minute) Row, Scenario

Terrace, Townhouse

107 26,616 Delivery Dwellings 100% of Dwellings in 24Hours

Porch, Balcony, or Front

215 Delivery 2016

yard

100% of Dwellings in 12Hours

238 Delivery 2021

1 - 1.5m Clearance Radius of 1 clearance - 1.5m space

81 Delivery 75% of Dwellings in 24Hours

161 Delivery 2016

178 Delivery 2021


54 Delivery 50% of Dwellings in 24Hours

10.7%

108 Delivery 2016


119 Delivery 2021

Image Source:

https://www.domain.com.au/3605-343-357-pittstreet-sydney-nsw-2000-2016202506

27 Delivery 25% (38,739) of Dwellings in 24Hours

Separate House

5413,285 Delivery Dwellings 2016

25% (38,739) of Dwellings in 12Hours

60 Porch, Delivery Front 2021 yard or Backyard

https://www.domain.com.au/property-profile/645-

bourke-street-surry-hills-nsw-2010

https://www.realestate.com.au/sold/propertyhouse-nsw-glebe-131973618

Based on 2016 Stats of 10.6% increase for 2021

0.8%

Others

1,048 Dwellings

Local parcel box, Front yard, Porch,

Backyard, existing letter box.

Data from Census 2016

016

SITE

Balcony

Delivery System

1. Descend to

height of balcony

level

2. Move inwards

above open space

3. Land, release

parcel from latch

4. Retrieve and fly

back to distribution

Drone with parcel intact

Porch

1. Descend and

land on front yard

2. Land, release

parcel from latch

3. Retrieve and fly


Parcel release

Front / Back Yard

Delivery Frequency

1. Descend and

land on open yard

2. Land, release

parcel from latch

3. Retrieve and fly


Parcel Box

1. Descend slightly

above parcel box,

sensor detects

drone to open.

2. Parcel released

onto platform

3. Platform lowers

parcel in and closes

4. Drone retrieve

and fly back to

017


Rose of Wind direction versus Wind speed in km/h (01 Apr 1939 to 31 Jul 2019)

Custom times selected, refer to attached note for details

SYDNEY AIRPORT AMO

Site No: 066037 • Opened Jan 1929 • Still Open • Latitude: -33.9465° • Longitude: 151.1731° • Elevation 6m

An asterisk (*) indicates that calm is less than 0.5%.

Other important info about this analysis is available in the accompanying notes.

Wind Study

N

NW NE

W CALM E

SW SE

S

CALM

km/h

>= 0 and < 10

>= 10 and < 20

>= 30 and < 40

>= 20 and < 30

>= 40

Sydney Airport

9 am

28871 Total Observations

Calm 8%

N

9am Annual

Calm 8%

Wind rose based on

6m above sea level

*Increase as it gets higher

NW

NE

W

10%

20%

30%

E

SW

SE



SYDNEY AIRPORT AMO

Site No: 066037 • Opened Jan 1929 • Still Open • Latitude: -33.9465° • Longitude:

S

151.1731° • Elevation 6m



NW

N

CALM

km/h

018

NE

W CALM E

>= 10 and < 20

>= 30 and < 40

>= 0 and < 10

>= 20 and < 30

>= 40

SW SE

S

Copyright © Commonwealth of Australia 2019 . Prepared on 31 Jul 2019

Prepared by the Bureau of Meteorology.

Contact us by phone on (03) 9669 4082, by fax on (03) 9669 4515, or by email on climatedata@bom.gov.au

We have taken all due care but cannot provide any warranty nor accept any liability for this information.

TCZ9661952 Page 1

9 am


Calm 8%

SITE

Drones flying in mid air will have an effect on

all sides. *Payload will affect wind resistant.

DJI Matrice 100 Max wind resistant of

36km/h

Onyxstar Hydra - 12 Max 45km/h



SYDNEY AIRPORT AMO

Site No: 066037 • Opened Jan 1929 • Still Open • Latitude: -33.9465° • Longitude: 151.1731° • Elevation 6m



Freefly Alta 8 Pro - Safe Max 35km/h

Swellpro Splash Easily navigate in 28km/h

winds to Max 49km/h

N

NW NE

W CALM E

SW SE

S

CALM

km/h

>= 0 and < 10

Extra precautions flying against wind forces

between the direction of North West and

South during the morning and North East

and South during the afternoon.

>= 10 and < 20

>= 30 and < 40

>= 20 and < 30

>= 40

3 pm


Calm 2%

N

30%

3pm Annual

Calm 2%

NW

20%

NE

10%

W

E

SW

SE

ind speed in km/h (01 Apr 1939 to 31 Jul 2019)

ils

itude: -33.9465° • Longitude: 151.1731° • Elevation 6m

ss than 0.5%.

s is available in the accompanying notes.

S

N

NW NE

W CALM E

SW SE

S

30%

CALM

km/h

>= 0 and < 10

>= 10 and < 20

>= 30 and < 40

>= 20 and < 30

>= 40

Copyright © Commonwealth of Australia 2019 . Prepared on 31 Jul 2019

Prepared by the Bureau of Meteorology.

Contact us by phone on (03) 9669 4082, by fax on (03) 9669 4515, or by email on climatedata@bom.gov.au

We have taken all due care but cannot provide any warranty nor accept any liability for this information.

http://www.bom.gov.au/cgi-bin/climate/

cgi_bin_scripts/windrose_selector.

TCZ9661952 Page 1

019


Drone Flight Pattern

5km Radius

1.1km per minute

9-12min (Return)

Flight Path is directional according to

suburbs

Flying between 120m - 200m high following

the path of road or most efficient direct

route Sydney away Harbour from obstruction such as tall

buildings or existing air way traffic.

Inner Sydney Suburbs

Alexandria, Annandale, Barangaroo,

Beaconsfield, Camperdown, Centennial Park,

Chippendale, Darlinghurst, Darlington,

Dawes Point, Elizabeth Bay, Erskineville,

Eveleigh, Forest Lodge, Glebe, Haymarket,

Millers Point, Moore Park, Newtown,

Paddington, Potts Point, Pyrmont, Redfern,

Rosebery, Rushcutters Bay,

Surry Hills, Sydney CBD, The Rocks, Ultimo,

Waterloo, Woolloomooloo, Zetland.

10km +

7km +

305m Sydney Tower

65m Opera House

Take-off patterns

5km Radius

1.1km per minute

9-12min (Return)

Flight Path is directional according to suburbs

Flying between 120m - 200m high following

the path of road or most efficient direct route

away from obstruction such as tall buildings or

existing air way traffic.

Inner Sydney Suburbs

Alexandria, Annandale, Barangaroo,

Beaconsfield, Camperdown, Centennial Park,

Chippendale, Darlinghurst, Darlington, Dawes

Point, Elizabeth Bay, Erskineville,

Eveleigh, Forest Lodge, Glebe, Haymarket,

Millers Point, Moore Park, Newtown,

200m High at

Paddington, Potts Point, Pyrmont, Redfern,

180m distance away

Rosebery, Rushcutters Bay,

Surry Hills, Sydney CBD, The Rocks, Ultimo,

Waterloo, Woolloomooloo, Zetland.

2 spaced intervals in 10seconds 36 intervals in 10seconds 3 spaced intervals in 10 seconds

GSEducationalVersion GSEducationalVersion

ationalVersion

020

SITE

Highest Peak

Expectation

Drones Per Minute Scenario

215 Drones 2016

238 Drones 2021

161 Drones 2016

178 Drones 2021

108 Drones 2016

119 Drones 2021

54 Drones 2016

60 Drones 2021

100% Dwellings

in 12Hours

75% of

Dwellings in

12Hours

50% of

Dwellings in

12Hours

25% of

Dwellings in

12Hours

1 Minute

delivery time

5minute

delivery time

10minute

delivery time

Drones require

6-7 on

Standby 30 on Standby 60 on Standby 1,290 - 12,900

5 on Standby 25 on Standby 50 on Standby 805 - 8,050



1

4

2

3

1. 36 Drone Platforms

2.Ready Packaged Goods

3. Conveyor Belt (Up)

4. Conveyor Belt (Down)

Takeoff

DRONE LEVEL

021


Sydney Medical

Distribution Centre

Program

022

The Sydney medical distribution centre is

designed to meet the medical needs of

the thousands of residents within the City.

Working with 15 pharmaceutical companies

to help distribute their products and deliver

them in the comfort of customers homes via

drone.

This version of the distribution centre

enables a sense of realism through human

interactions between each process by

utilising machines to assist them rather

than being replaced by it. This design

encourages to keep workers and create an

environment that is suitable for people to

enjoy.

DESIGN

023


55% Machines

Workers Assistance and Autonomous

Conveyor belts (Automated product

transferring)

Kiva Robots (Automated Storage system)

Wrapping Machines

Database (Product library, box size

determined)

Autonomous drones

45% Human Workers

Quality Control Reassurance

Unpacking and sorting imported goods

Storing Products

Picking Products

Packing Products

Maintenance

024

April

April

April

April

April

DESIGN

1. Importing of Goods

April

0 25 50 75 100

2. Unpacking and Sorting

April

April

3. Storage / Picking

1. Importing of Goods

2. Unpacking and Sorting

4. Packing

3. Storage / Picking

4. Packing

5. Drone Delivery

0 25 50 75 100

0 22.5 45 67.5 90

April

April

0 22.5 45 67.5 90

5. Drone Delivery

Human Workers Task Average Speed Expectation Quantity

Human Workers Task 1 truck load of goods in 15 deliveries Average per day Speed Expectation Quantity

Truck Driver / Delivery

Unpacking / Sorting

Truck Driver / Delivery

Storer or Picker

Unpacking / Sorting

Packing

Delivering and offloading bulk

items from Pharmaceutical

companies

To unbox and check items and

scan them into the system

To retrieve Kiva storage robots

through the system to store or

pick customer products

Packing picked items in

suggested boxes and labelled

30minutes

Delivering 3-4 items and unboxed offloading and sorted bulk

within a minute.

items from Pharmaceutical

Storing multiple items per

companies

minute

3 minutes per customer order

To unbox and check items and

scan them into the system

(From all companies)

2 items sorted per minute

by each worker

1 driver per truck

1 truck load 120 of Workers goods in

30minutes

Customer order fulfilled

within 3minutes

120 Workers

3-4 items unboxed and sorted

within a minute.

3 parcels in a minute 2 parcels per minute 95 Workers

15 deliveries per day

(From all companies)

2 items sorted per minute

by each worker

1 driver per truck

120 Workers

Storer or Picker

Level / Team manager

Level / team managers are in

charge to keep their workers in

order also being apart of the

working team

To retrieve Kiva storage robots

through

—

the system to store or

pick customer products

1 main manager per

Inclusive workers can also

be in charge of a manager

or team leader role

Storing multiple

each level

items per

minute

8 team leader per level

3 minutes per customer order

Customer order fulfilled

within 3minutes

120 Workers

Packing

Maintenance

To ensure all machinery and

drones are properly maintained

Packing picked items in

—

suggested boxes and labelled

1 per level, able to attend

to a problem as a team for 9 Workers

whole building

3 parcels in a minute 2 parcels per minute 95 Workers

Level / Team manager

Level / team managers are in

charge to keep their workers in

order also being apart of the

working team

—

Inclusive workers can also

be in charge of a manager

or team leader role

1 main manager per

each level

8 team leader per level

Maintenance

To ensure all machinery and

drones are properly maintained

—

1 per level, able to attend

to a problem as a team for

whole building

9 Workers

025

Building

Organisation

026

DESIGN

DELIVERY

PACKING

DELIVERY

GLASS AND

STEEL POLE

SCREEN

PACKING

GLASS AND

STEEL POLE

SCREEN

STORAGE /

PICKING

SORTING

STORAGE /

PICKING

CORRUGATED STEEL

(OPAGUE)

Double Skin

CORRUGATED STEEL

(OPAGUE)

Double Skin

SORTING

GOODS IMPORT

FACADE

GOODS IMPORT

FACADE

CENTRAL DOUBLE HELIX

CONVEYOR BELT

SPACE ORGANISATION

ACCESS RAMPS AND LIFTS

CENTRAL DOUBLE HELIX

CONVEYOR BELT

SPACE ORGANISATION

ACCESS RAMPS AND LIFTS

027


South Elevation

SOUTH ELEVATION

028

DESIGN

East Elevation

EAST ELEVATION

029


Section &

Sound Study

1 = 75dB

80-100dB - Traffic

Western Distributor

60+dB

Children Playground

52+dB - Drones

120m away

030

CONTENT DESIGN

94dB - Drones

Based on 72 drones

60+dB

Restaurant Ambience

80-100dB - Traffic

Liverpool St &

Harbour St

60+dB

Crowd /

Performance

031


Section

Public Plaza

032

DESIGN

5

Drone

Delivery

R

9

4

Packing

8

7

6

5

4

3

Storage /

Picking

3

2

2

Unboxing /

Sorting

1

G

1

Truck Delivery

B

033


Basement

rones require

290 - 12,900

5 - 8,050

4 - 3,240

8 - 1,080

Harbour St

3

2

1

LIVERPOOL Liverpool St ST

4

e Platforms

ackaged Goods

or Belt (Up)

or Belt (Down)

BASEMENT

1. Truck Delivery Parking

2. Lifts

3. Service Room

1. Truck Loading Dock

2. Lifts

3. Service Room

4. Pedestrian Signal

034

DESIGN

035


Ground

rones require

CHILDRENS

PLAYGROUND

290 - 12,900

5 - 8,050

DARLING

QUARTER

Food and dining

4 - 3,240

8 - 1,080

PUBLIC PLAZA

e Platforms

ackaged Goods

or Belt (Up)

or Belt (Down) ICC SYDNEY

CHINESE GARDEN

GROUND

036

DESIGN

037


Sorting

rones require

290 - 12,900

5 - 8,050

4 - 3,240

8 - 1,080

6

5

11

10

13

12

7

4

1 2

3

8

9

e Platforms

ackaged Goods

or Belt (Up)

or Belt (Down)

1. Sorting Stations

2. Pallet Area (Unpack)



5. Lifts

6. Office

7. WC

8. Meeting Room

9. Staff Kitchen / Dine

10. Wrapping Machine

11. Ramp

12. Stairs

13. Problem Solving / Return

038

CONTENT DESIGN

039


Storage / Picking

rones require

290 - 12,900

5 - 8,050

4 - 3,240

8 - 1,080

5

9

6

Void

1

4

3

4

3

8

7

3

5

Void

2

e Platforms

ackaged Goods

or Belt (Up)

or Belt (Down)

2

1

Pallet storage shelves are able

to mechanically move up and

down Pallet between storage storage shelves levels. are able

For bulk to mechanically items which move are up not and in

use yet. down When between required, storage these levels.

items For are bulk unboxed items which and are put not into

the kiva use yet. shelves When required, these

items are unboxed and put

into the kiva shelves

1. Stored Pallets

2. Kiva Storage Shelves

3. Storing Station

4. Picking Station

5. Lift

6. Stairs



9. Ramp for Kiva

STORAGE AND P

040

CONTENT DESIGN

041


Packing

rones require

290 - 12,900

5 - 8,050

4 - 3,240

11

8 - 1,080

10

7

12

9

13

Void

6

5

4

3

8

1

2

e Platforms

ackaged Goods

or Belt (Up)

or Belt (Down)

1. Packing Stations

2. Folded Box Shelf

3. Picked Items (Tray)

4. Packaged Items



7. Lift

8. WC

9. Office

10. Meeting Room

11. Kitchen / Dine

12. Ramp

13. Stairs

042

CONTENT DESIGN

043

Drones Per Minute Scenario

1 Minute

2020 | Graduation Studio Programmatic Sculpture IV | SYDNEY MEDICAL DISTRIBUTION CENTRE delivery time

Highest Peak

215 Drones 2016

238 Drones 2021

100% Dwellings

in 12Hours

5minute

delivery time

10minute

delivery time

Drones require

6-7 on


Drone Delivery

Expectation

161 Drones 2016

178 Drones 2021

108 Drones 2016

119 Drones 2021

54 Drones 2016

60 Drones 2021

75% of

Dwellings in

12Hours

50% of

Dwellings in

12Hours

25% of

Dwellings in

12Hours




rones require

290 - 12,900

5 - 8,050

4 - 3,240

8 - 1,080

1

2

3

4

Void


2.Ready Packaged Goods



e Platforms

ackaged Goods

or Belt (Up)

or Belt (Down)

DRONE LEVEL


2. Parcel Queue



044

DESIGN

045


E

Takeoff

Return

9 Drones per platform with continuous switch over

Drones Per Minute

Scenario

1 Minute

delivery time

5minute

delivery time

10minute

delivery time

Drones require

Highest Peak

215 Drones 2016

238 Drones 2021

100% Dwellings

in 12Hours

6-7 on


161 Drones 2016

178 Drones 2021

75% of

Dwellings in

12Hours


Expectation

108 Drones 2016

119 Drones 2021

54 Drones 2016

60 Drones 2021

50% of

Dwellings in

12Hours

25% of

Dwellings in

12Hours



046

1

DESIGN

047


The Speculative

Vision of the Centre

In a place and time where jobs are

required more than ever before.

Should we sacrifice the thousands

of potential jobs to machines over

convenience?

Machine Age 2.0

The final vision for the distribution centre is

working towards the fully autonomous. What

would it be like if machines were the only

ones operating. Since the late 19th to early

20th century of the industrial revolution,

the machine era has already begun which

enabled mass production. Jobs were still

provided to operate and maintain the

machines, which created the working class.

Now into the 21st century of a new digital

era, technology in particular are becoming

intelligent with the possibility of a machine

to operate and think like a human (Artificial

intelligence).

Pro’s

• During a pandemic for no human

contact

• Meeting the demand of the entire city

at a fast moving pace without it being

labour intensive.

Con’s

• Lost of many potential local jobs and the

risk of closures to local chemists

• Encouraging the growth of wealthy

corporate owners in particular

international companies which will have

an effect on our own economy.

048

SPECULATIVE DESIGN


Movement Section

The process begins from the bottom and

works its way up where items are finally

delivered.

050

SPECULATIVE DESIGN

Drone Delivery

R

9

Packing

8

7

6

5

Storage /

Picking

4

3

2

Unboxing /

Sorting

1

G

B1

Driver-less

Trucks


Driver-less Delivery

In a fully autonomous distribution centre,

medical supplies are transported by driverless

trucks. A seamless connection between

the manufacturer or international delivery

points such as the Sydney international

airport or Port Botany for shipments.

Trucks are to enter into the basement and

onto a rotational lift platform, elevated

up into one of the unboxing and sorting

stations.

The driver-less truck is able to drive in both

ways when moving in and out with ease.

052

SPECULATIVE DESIGN


1. Driver-less trucks / rotating lift platforms

2. Unbox / Sorting Conveyor

3. Robots

4. Lift to storage

1

2

3

4

Unboxing & Sorting

Driver-less trucks are designed to be

connected with the conveyor belts along

with a moving system of its own for

easy offloading. Robots are in charge

of unboxing and sorting goods through

intelligent sensory and the right tool heads

to do the task. These items are slowly

moved down the track and once sorted they

are moved onto another lift where it gets

transported to the storage level.

054

SPECULATIVE DESIGN


1. Picking Robots / Lift

2. Retrieving Row

3. Moving Storage Shelves

2

1

3

Storage & Picking

Every item that was sorted previously goes

into one of the many storage shelves which

are constantly moving from all directions on

a grid frame. Robotics are able to retrieve

items to match customer orders placed into

designated boxes.

056

SPECULATIVE DESIGN


1. Sorted Items Lift

2. Packing Station Conveyor

3. Robots

4. Lift to Drone Delivery

4

2

3

1

Packing

When items are selected these are

transported up to the packing level via lifts

and transported to one of the many robotics

who is in charge of packing. Ready parcels

are lifted up to be queued for delivery.

058

SPECULATIVE DESIGN


1. Lift For Ready Parcels

2. Circular Conveyor Belt

3. Parcel Conveyor Queue

4. Drone Platforms Total of 63

2

1

3

4

Drone Delivery

Medical supplies are delivered by

autonomous drones to their destinations.

As the population is expected to increase

every year, more drones are required.

060

SPECULATIVE DESIGN


Conclusion

The Sydney medical distribution centre

was a project based on the scenario of

COVID-19. Conveniently located around the

Tumbalong site are 15 local to international

pharmaceutical companies who specialise in

all sorts of medical needs.

Using architecture as a tool to help solve

some of the problems we face such as being

able to supply medical needs during a lock

down. While also increasing home delivery

services in the city without adding to road

congestion.

The scenario of being able to get medical

treatments delivered to home is not

exclusive to COVID-19 situations, in the

long term, those who are suffering from

chronic illness could also benefit from this

distribution centre. With post lock down

situations these illnesses are expected to

increase.

The challenge for the project was to find a

balance between a technological advanced

warehouse versus the focus on human

workers. The sense of familiarity to creating

a realistic project is through precedents

and experience. Technologies that I have

discovered have already made it to the

public realm, which means an autonomous

centre is getting closer to reality. Having

approach the design in a speculative way,

I discovered that a warehouse that was

highly relied on machines would create

massive job losses for our locals and only

to accelerate wealthy corporate owners for

the sake of convenience. My ideal design for

the distribution centre is the one that would

encourage jobs and be able to connect

with it at a human level not to be completed

replaced by machines.

062

CONTENT

063

Sydney Medical Distribution Centre

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