Solar-supported heating networks in multi-storey residential buildings

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Figure 31: The collector construction is mounted on diagonal arranged concrete foundations with a dead-load of the structure accordingly. This way the roof must not be broken through, but the static dimension of the roof has to take the weight of the concrete into account (picture source: AEE INTEC). Figure 32: Clamping profiles mount the collector frame to the standing seam (picture source: Solution Solartechnik, Upper Austria, Austria). In addition to numerous advantages and disadvantages, the various mounting possibilities do have something in common: The requirements (with regard to statics, sealing issues etc.) have to be defined in close cooperation with the participating planners (architects, structural engineers etc.) and then used as a basis for solutions. 35
Another important issue when installing solar collectors on flat-roof frames on multi-storey residential buildings is that several rows of collectors might shade each other. The inclination angle of the solar collectors should always be determined in accordance with how the solar heat is used (domestic hot water or heating support). Possible reasons which prevent the energetically optimal inclination angle from being used are the desire that the collectors not be visible from the ground and a lack of space to ensure a shade-free installation of the collectors. Collectors with a small inclination angle or a low construction height produce shorter shadows, thus allowing the distance between the rows to be reduced (see Figure 33). The lowest elevation of the sun (21 December) should be taken into account when measuring the distance between the rows. H= L *sin α [m] Equation 6 L*sin[180 −( α + ε)] D = sin ε D Distance between the rows of collectors [m] L Collector length [m] H Collector height [m] α Collector inclination angle [°] ε Insolation angle [°] L [m] Equation 7 H a e D Figure 33: Variables influencing the distance, D between the assembly rows. 36
Page 1 and 2: Solar-supported heating networks in
Page 3 and 4: Reprinting and translation, storage
Page 5 and 6: 6.2 Collector assembly with frame s
Page 7 and 8: 10 Investment costs, grants and eco
Page 9 and 10: 2.2 Innovations and the economic fa
Page 11 and 12: Figure 4: Efficient solar-supported
Page 13 and 14: 3.2 Enhancement of the solar covera
Page 15 and 16: 3.4 Systems with the greatest possi
Page 17 and 18: 4 • Reduction of heating requirem
Page 19 and 20: Radiation [kWh/m² and Day] 9,00 8,
Page 21 and 22: 35.000 30.000 25.000 Heat Demand 20
Page 23 and 24: Hot Water Demand [Litre per Person
Page 25 and 26: 5.1.1.2 Measurement of consumption
Page 27 and 28: Total Period for the Different Tapp
Page 29 and 30: The heating requirements indicate t
Page 31 and 32: Figure 20: Crain assembly of large-
Page 33 and 34: Figure 25: South orientated roof co
Page 35: Figure 29: Large-area collectors mo
Page 39 and 40: Figure 35: Results from research pr
Page 41 and 42: If a non-back-ventilated collector
Page 43 and 44: As a result, the absorbers need col
Page 45 and 46: The insulation of the storage unit
Page 47 and 48: This is made clear in the DVGW work
Page 49 and 50: 7.1.2.2 The specific solar energy y
Page 51 and 52: Figure 48: Solar thermal system in
Page 53 and 54: Kollektorfeld T1 T4 T5 T6 Figure 49
Page 55 and 56: Large-scale solar energy systems in
Page 57 and 58: Collector Field Figure 53: Cross-se
Page 59 and 60: Although the collector’s expansio
Page 61 and 62: Figure 58: Solar thermal systems in
Page 63 and 64: It should be borne in mind that if
Page 65 and 66: • Mean temperature of the primary
Page 67 and 68: 7.2 The preceding information appli
Page 69 and 70: Figure 65 shows the block diagram o
Page 71 and 72: highest quality but also feature co
Page 73 and 74: term operation and maintenance. Fig
Page 75 and 76: Heat meter and water meter Figure 7
Page 77 and 78: temperature at which the heat stora
Page 79 and 80: system can be attained once again d
Page 81 and 82: that of a four-pipe network. In pra
Page 83 and 84: single tank system is to be recomme
Page 85 and 86: Figure 87 shows a two-tank system f
Page 87 and 88:
energy aspects which are taken into
Page 89 and 90:
Dimensioning for almost 100% covera
Page 91 and 92:
Reading value for utilisation: appr
Page 93 and 94:
Heating energy requirements: approx
Page 95 and 96:
A correction nomogram was prepared
Page 97 and 98:
with 20 flats the bath is filled on
Page 99 and 100:
QBW � maximum output for preparat
Page 101 and 102:
Network Outward Flow Outward Flow C
Page 103 and 104:
∆ TBW temperature difference in d
Page 105 and 106:
In addition to the aspects mentione
Page 107 and 108:
If, however, despite all these effo
Page 109 and 110:
Figure 105: Pipe work for solar the
Page 111 and 112:
10 Investment costs, grants and eco
Page 113 and 114:
12,0 5,0 4,0 2,0 2,0 13,0 8,0 5,0 1
Page 115 and 116:
System temperatures [°C] 100 90 80
Page 117 and 118:
corresponding definition of fault s
Page 119 and 120:
Christian Fink, Werner Weiß: Endbe
Page 121 and 122:
Computersimulation von thermischen
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Solar-supported heating networks in multi-storey residential buildings

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