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Palo Tomorrow:
Conclusion, Possibilities, and Consequences
Understanding Dominican identity is as complicated as with any other identity, no matter
the geographical or population size. Within each culture exists a plethora of identities that have
historically formed in dialogue with each other. As music affects identity, it is also affected by
the habits of particular identities. In this case, music can be seen as a reflection of different
aspects of identity. While merengue reflects the identity of the Dominican elite, bachata reflects
that of the lower classes. Nevertheless, scholars have historically disregarded Dominicans who
do not identify with either of these musics: Dominicans who feel connected with their African
ancestors and keep their heritage alive through the religions of Vodú and rhythms of palo.
Although history highlights the persecution of palo, a closer analysis sheds light on the
strength palo has historically possessed, and the threat that it posed to hegemonic, colonial, and
imperial structures. By bringing people together through the ​Liborismo​ and ​Palma Sola
movements, Vodú proved to be useful as a vehicle for protest against political powers, both
national and international, as shown by its historical resistance to Rafael Trujillo and United
States military occupation. Although the leaders of these movements were killed, their missions
live on, as the palos of San Juan play facing their pictures today.
My time spent in the Dominican Republic reinforces the claim that palo is emblematic of
Dominican identity and highlights its recent shift in Dominican identity. As time progresses, the
Dominican populace is growing to accept palo. Vodú practices have been incorporated by
practicing Catholics, whether it be spiritual cleanses or lottery number predictions, creating a
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