Wellness Foods & Supplements 2/2021

No. 2, August/September 2021 

www.harnisch.com | ISSN 2364-8104 

Minerals Bioactives Natural energy 

Immune health Antioxidants Marine oils 

Skin health Active ingredients

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Editorial 

SILKE WATKINS, Editor-in-Chief 

Stress – not a good companion 

It happens every few years, when summer 

doesn’t want to begin and then turns out 

to be mixed. Ironically, after a seemingly 

endless winter and full of expectation, the 

expected spring and warm summer have 

been largely absent so far, at least in many 

Central European countries. 

I admit that I was not averse to the rain at first, 

but as it dragged on longer and longer, the 

days were grey, wet and cool, my first doubts 

arose. There were always a few hopeful 

warm and sunny days, but then the rain 

came back. The devastating consequences 

were floods and devastation of entire towns. 

At the same time, everyone longs to spend 

more time outdoors enjoying the sun again 

and finally spending time with family and 

friends. Light-heartedness, a word which has 

been far too little possible in the last one and 

a half years and which would do body and 

mind so much good, in short, simply doing 

something good for yourself and above all, 

avoiding stress as much as possible. 

Unfortunately, this is not always possible in 

everyday life; family and work demand a lot. 

Some are stressed by deadline pressure, 

others by the fact that they lack specific 

tasks. But less stress also means less 

physi cal fatigue, a better mood, healthier sleep and improved brain 

performance, not to mention healthy skin and, ultimately, healthier 

aging. 

The first step in changing the state of stress is to find out what 

causes the stress. Because only then, can you reduce it in a targeted 

manner. Perhaps one should question and change one’s attitude 

towards certain things in order to bring oneself “back into balance”, 

so to speak, “recharge your batteries with positive energy”. Even a 

well-cared for body can cope better with stressful situations. Some 

people can hardly eat a bite when they are under stress, while others 

are increasingly turning to sweet or fatty products. Ultimately, you are 

in a vicious circle and your digestion is no longer working well. A good 

supply of vitamins, minerals and plant substances has a beneficial 

effect on the nerves and psyche. 

The articles in this issue show which other possibilities exist to support 

a healthy lifestyle and a positive attitude towards life. 

I wish you an interesting read. 

Warmest regards 

Silke Watkins 

No. 2 August/September 2021 

3

Contents 

Health 

Convenience Food 

Food & Beverages 

Confectionary 

Cover Photo © : Indena 

Ubiqsome ® is part of Indena long tradition of 

Phytosome ® , successful and consolidated delivery 

system to optimize natural compounds bioavailability. 

Ubiqsome ® is an innovative formulation 

of Coenzyme Q10, industrially available and 

standardized to contain not less than 20 % of 

CoQ10. Ubiqsome ® allows to optimize coenzyme 

Q10 levels not only in human plasma but also in 

muscles, thus overcoming the bioavailability issue 

and making available on the market an ingredient 

able to exploit the great potential of such natural 

compound. (see article at page 6) 

Sports Nutrition 

Health Care 

Personal Care 

Contents 

Cover story 

06 Indena’s Ubiqsome ® : Coenzyme Q10 never so bioavailable 

Minerals 

08 Magnesium deficiency – a driving factor in insulin resistance, high blood pressure 

and cardiovascular diseases 

Bioactives 

12 Bone health and the benefits of bioactives 

Active ingredients in food supplements 

14 The future: Sustained-release supplements 

Natural energy 

16 Guayusa leaves: A natural source of energy from the Amazon 

Immune health 

18 How GELITA’s IMMUPEPT can help maintain the body’s own defence mechanism 

21 WEISHARDT, a relevant player in immune health 

Antioxidants 

24 Astaxanthin – oxidative balance for the body 

Marine Oils 

28 Seanova – a major player in the food supplements business 

Skin health 

32 Groundbreaking new study shows Pycnogenol ® may help retain skin moisture and elasticity, 

increase skin lightening, and reinforce skin barrier function 

34 Impressum 

4 No. 2 August/September 2021

Geneva: 5-7 October 

Online: 4-8 October 

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Cover story 

Photo © : Indena 

Indena’s Ubiqsome ® : Coenzyme Q10 never 

so bioavailable 

Ubiqsome ® is part of Indena long tradition of Phytosome ® , 

successful and consolidated delivery system to optimize 

natural compounds bioavailability. Ubiqsome ® is an innovative 

formulation of Coenzyme Q10, industrially available and 

standardized to contain not less than 20 % of CoQ10. 

Ubiqsome ® , thanks to the 100 % food-grade Phytosome ® delivery 

system, allows to optimize coenzyme Q10 levels not only in human 

plasma but also in muscles, thus overcoming the bioavailability issue 

and making available on the market an ingredient able to exploit the 

great potential of such natural compound. 

Phytosome ® has been developed since years specifically to face the 

issue of natural ingredients’ poor bioavailability: it’s Indena biomimetic 

strategy for the delivery of natural ingredients, allowing human 

body to absorb them in the best possible way, in the full respect of 

ingredients’ efficacy, safety and long-term tolerability. It is a fundamental 

asset, and an internationally recognized scientific reference. 

Phytosome ® combines food-grade sunflower 

lecithin with botanical and natural 

substances maintaining the original components’ 

profile and benefits. Lecithins are 

natural surfactants which take part, together 

with bile salts, to the physiological absorption 

process of compounds and form the 

lipid bilayer structure of cell membranes. As 

amphipathic molecule consisting of a positively 

charged head group and two neutral 

tail acyl moieties, lecithin acts as inhibitor of 

self-aggregation, leaving natural compounds 

into a dispersed state more readily absorbed. 

Numerous scientific studies have proven 

that Phytosome ® system delivery offers optimized 

human pharmacokinetic profiles and 

effectiveness compared to non-formulated 

equivalent compounds. 


Cover story 

As reported in literature, Coenzyme Q10 

plays a central role in generation and regulation 

of cell bioenergy, being involved in 

transferring of electrons within the mitochondrial 

oxidative respiratory chain and hence, 

ATP production. Coenzyme Q10 is very well 

known to have antioxidant and beneficial 

effects in optimizing human health and wellbeing. 

Endogenous levels of coenzyme Q10 are 

subject to decline for several reasons related 

with age, unhealthy conditions and after 

intense physical stress such as sport activity. 

In athletes, CoQ10 deficiency may also be 

experienced as metabolic stress and free 

radical formation is elevated during times 

of intense training, but the efficacy of oral 

supplementation is hampered by the low and 

highly variable bioavailability of co enzyme 

Q10. 

Ubiqsome ® is a highly bioavailable form of 

coenzyme Q10 which, according to results 

obtained in single and repeated pk studies in 

healthy volunteers, guarantees a significant 

optimization of physiological CoQ10 plasma 

levels after both one single dose (150 mg) 

with respect to CoQ10 not formulated, and 

after 2 weeks of supplementation with 2 

different daily dosages (150 and 300 mg). 

Furthermore, a dose-dependent profile has been also evidenced 

comparing results of Ubiqsome ® at the dose of 150 mg vs 300 mg. 

Ubiqsome ® displayed a good tolerance profile. No significant alterations 

in the vital signs, neither in the physical examination nor in ECG 

were observed. 

These findings support the safety profile and the optimized 

bio availability in humans of CoQ10 when administered in the 

Phytosome ® delivery formulation. Ubiqsome ® provided scientific and 

clinical evidence in sports nutrition as demonstrated in a randomized 

controlled human study in athletes (45–60 years of age). Thirty days 

supplementation with Ubiqsome ® led to a significant abundance of 

CoQ10 as plasmatic levels before and after sport training compared 

with the basal in subjects performing intense sport activity. 

Moreover, levels of coenzyme Q10 in muscles have been also evaluated, 

which revealed a significant presence of CoQ10 in muscles, the 

target tissue, after oral administration of Ubiqsome ® compared with 

the basal value as confirmed by HPLC (+36 %; p < 0.05). 

These unique evidences of positive modulation of muscular CoQ10 

levels highlight Ubiqsome ® as a promising and innovative ingredient 

for healthy benefits in sports nutrition. 

For more information, please contact 

Indena S.p.A., 

Laura Bo, External communication 

and Sustainability 

laura.bo@indena.com 

www.indena.com 

Photo © : Adobe Stock/Svitlana 


7

Minerals 

Photo © : Adobe Stock/Andreas Berheide 

Magnesium deficiency – a driving factor in 

insulin resistance, high blood pressure and 

cardiovascular diseases 

Philipp Gebhardt 

Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the human body. 

After potassium, magnesium is the most common cation in our 

cells. Sufficiently high magnesium concentrations are required for 

the blood pressure lowering hormone insulin to act on its receptor. 

Magnesium influences the vascular tone and the release of stress 

hormones such as norepinephrine. An inadequate supply of magnesium 

therefore increases the risk of insulin resistance, high blood 

pressure and cardiovascular diseases. Magnesium is mainly found in 

plant-based foods. Because of their lower calorie density, our ancestors' 

diet contained significantly more magnesium before the beginning 

of agriculture. In addition to an unbalanced diet, a magnesium 

deficiency is promoted by certain diseases and the use of various 

medications. 

An adult's body contains around 24 g of 

magnesium. About 40 % of the magnesium 

in the blood plasma is bound to proteins; the 

normal serum level is 1.8-2.6 mg/dl. Most of 

the magnesium is found in our bones, that 

can store it and release it when in times of 

poor intake. A normal magnesium blood 

level therefore does not rule out a magnesium 

deficiency. Magnesium is involved 

in more than 600 enzyme reactions as an 

enzyme component or coenzyme. Free 

magnesium ions influence the potential on 

cell membranes and act as second messen- 


Minerals 

gers in the immune system. They stabilize 

the resting potential of excitable muscle and 

nerve cells and the cells of the autonomic 

nervous system. Magnesium is also an essential 

cofactor of the enzyme ATP synthase, 

which in the mitochondria, the “power plants 

of our cells”, regenerates adenosine diphosphate 

(ADP) to adenosine triphosphate 

(ATP), which is the universal energy carrier 

of our metabolism. As a magnesium-ATP 

complex, magnesium is involved in almost 

all energy-intensive processes. 

Vitamin C 

Folate 

Riboflavin 

Thiamine 

Vitamin A 

Vitamin E 

Appropriate nutrition.ai 1 01.05.2021 15:26:34 

≥ 10.000 Years ago 2021 

Calcium 

Iron 

1622 mg 

87,4 mg 

1143 mg 

15,2 mg 

Magnesium 1223 mg 397 mg 

Potassium 10,5 g 3,8 g 

Zinc 

43,4 mg 12,3 mg 

604 mg 

360 µg 

6,5 mg 

3,9 mg 

17,2 mg 

32,8 mg 

152 mg 

338 µg 

2,2 mg 

1,8 mg 

2,1 mg 

16,0 mg 

Fig. 1: Intake of various nutrients before the start 

of arable farming and today (estimate according 

to (1) or according to data from the National 

Consumption Study II, Max Rubner Institute 

(2008)). Compared to today's high-calorie and 

at the same time nutrient-poor food, the food 

supply more than 10,000 years ago provided 

significantly more fibre and between two and ten 

times more micronutrients. 

Due to their lower energy density and higher 

nutrient content, it is assumed that the diet 

of our ancestors contained significantly more 

magnesium before the beginning of agriculture 

(Fig. 1). From the data of the National 

Consumption Study II, a magnesium intake 

of 361 mg daily for women and 432 mg daily 

for men was calculated. It turned out that 

around 29 % of women and 26 % of men did 

not reach the recommended intake levels. 

However, there are also studies that show 

a daily magnesium intake of only around 

200 mg in women and 250 mg in men in 

Germany. (2) 

Diabetics are at particular risk of magnesium 

deficiency. If the blood sugar level is 

too high, more glucose is excreted through 

the kidneys. This leads to increased diuresis 

and a loss of magnesium with the urine. In inflammatory bowel 

disease, diarrhoea can lead to significant magnesium losses. In addition, 

various drugs interfere with magnesium metabolism. Therapy 

with diuretics promotes the excretion of magnesium via the kidneys. 

On the other hand, taking proton pump inhibitors leads to a reduced 

absorption of magnesium from food and over a long period of time, 

this can cause dangerous hypomagnesaemia. (3) 

Magnesium deficiency promotes insulin resistance and 

type 2 diabetes mellitus 

Diabetes mellitus is often associated with an inadequate magnesium 

status. For example, a study by the University Clinic in Zurich showed 

that 37.6 % of 109 participating type 2 diabetics had a clear magnesium 

deficiency. (4) Magnesium, however, plays a decisive role in the 

effect of insulin on its receptor (Fig. 2). The importance of a magnesium-rich 

diet was shown in a review that evaluated the data from 

more than 600,000 study participants. A higher magnesium intake 

was associated with a 17 % lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes 

mellitus. (5) In type 2 diabetes mellitus, magnesium supplementation 

can have a beneficial effect on blood sugar levels. (6) 

Insulin 

P 

normal 

Insulin action 

Magnesium 

Tyrosine kinase 

Phosphate 

ATP 

ADP 

Fig. 2: Sufficiently high intracellular magnesium concentrations are a 

prerequisite for the effect of the blood sugar-lowering hormone insulin on its 

receptor. Magnesium is required to transfer phosphate groups from ATP to 

the insulin receptor via the enzyme tyrosine kinase so that the insulin signal 

can be passed on into the cell. A magnesium deficiency leads, via reduced 

tyrosine kinase activity, to a reduced ability to activate the receptor by insulin 

and, as a result, promotes insulin resistance. 

Magnesium deficiency promotes high blood pressure 

In Germany, more than half of people over the age of 60 suffer from 

high blood pressure. Hypertension increases the risk of heart disease 

and strokes. In the treatment of high blood pressure, diuretics are 

often used. They withdraw water from the body and in this way 

lower the pressure in the vessels. However, essential minerals, especially 

magnesium, are also lost with the water. However, an insufficient 

supply of magnesium can result in an ion imbalance with nega- 


9

Minerals 

tive effects on the natural regulation of blood pressure. An excess of 

calcium in the cells of the smooth muscles of the blood vessels leads 

to an increase in blood pressure via their contraction. Since magnesium 

forms a natural calcium antagonist, a magnesium deficiency 

can contribute to an increase in blood pressure via this mechanism. 

In contrast, a good magnesium status supports the function of ion 

pumps, which means that more potassium ions can get into the cell 

and calcium can be removed from the cytoplasm. (Fig. 3) Magnesium 

therefore has a vasodilator and blood pressure lowering effect. 

Vascular 

muscles 

Mg 2+ 

1. 2. 

Ca 2+ Ca 2+ 

Calcium channel Potassium channel 

Fig. 3: Magnesium forms a physiological counterpart to calcium. Magnesium 

reduces the influx of calcium into the cells of the smooth muscles [1]. 

Magnesium also activates potassium channels, which promotes the outflow 

of calcium ions [2]. Lower intracellular calcium concentrations promote the 

relaxation of smooth muscle cells and favour normal blood pressure. 

Calcium also controls the release of norepinephrine, which increases 

the heart rate and elevates blood pressure. Magnesium can help 

normalize heart rate and blood pressure via a calcium-modulating 

effect. (Fig. 4) The blood pressure normalizing effect of magne- 

Mg 2+ 

Ca 2+ 

Nerve 

endings 

Norepinephrine 

Vasoconstriction 

Blood pressure 

Fig. 4: The neurotransmitter norepinephrine activates adrenoreceptors in the 

arterioles, causing constriction of these vessels (vasoconstriction) and thus 

increasing blood pressure. In adrenergic nerve endings, noradrenaline is released 

in a calcium-dependent manner. As calcium antagonists, magnesium 

ions inhibit the calcium influx into the nerve endings. With an adequate 

supply of magnesium, normal control of norepinephrine release and a reduction 

in high blood pressure can take place. 

sium supplementation could be confirmed 

in a meta-analysis which evaluated the 

data of a total of 1,173 either normotensive 

or hypertensive study participants. A 

significant reduction in blood pressure was 

demonstrated over a mean study period of 

around eleven months. A stronger effect 

was observed with higher doses of magnesium. 

(7) Together with the results of another 

review article (8), this indicates a blood pressure 

lowering effect in high blood pressure, 

but not in normal blood pressure. 

Magnesium deficiency promotes 

cardiovascular diseases 

Several large prospective cohort studies have 

examined magnesium intake with regard 

to cardiovascular diseases. In a recent 

analy sis of the Nurses' Health Study, which 

examined the data of nearly 90,000 nurses 

over a period of 28 years, those participants 

with the highest magnesium intake 

(> 342 mg/day) had a 39 % lower risk of fatal 

myocardial infarction compared to those 

participants with the lowest magnesium 

intake (< 246 mg/day). (9) In two reviews, 

each with more than 240,000 study participants, 

a higher magnesium intake was associated 

with a reduction in the risk of stroke 

by 8 to 11 %. (10, 11) A more recent metaanaly 

sis that evaluated the data from 15 

studies found that the risk of stroke was also 

11% lower with a higher compared to a lower 

magnesium intake. (12) Finally, a metaanaly 

sis with a total of over 500,000 participants 

showed a 15 % lower risk of cardiovascular 

events such as stroke, non-fatal 

myocardial infarction and coronary heart 

disease in connection with a higher magnesium 

intake. (13) 

Conclusion 

In addition to its important role in the energy 

metabolism, magnesium is of great importance 

for the effect of the blood sugar 

lowering hormone insulin. Adequate magnesium 

concentrations are a prerequisite for 

the body's ability to regulate blood pressure. 

Compared to a lower magnesium intake, 

a higher intake can significantly reduce 

the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, high 


Minerals 

blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. 

Various authors therefore recommend 

supplementing 300 mg magnesium daily, 

in addition to the amounts contained in the 

diet. (14) Different magnesium compounds 

differ significantly in terms of their bioavailability. 

According to this, organic magnesium 

compounds such as citrate, glycinate 

and lactate can be absorbed much faster 

and better than inorganic salts such as 

carbonate or oxide. (15) A particularly interesting 

magnesium compound in this context 

is magnesium taurate, which contains 

around 8 % organically bound magnesium. 

Magnesium taurate is a source of the aminosulfonic 

acid taurine. As a powerful antioxidant, 

taurine can protect tissues from oxidative 

damage. Taurine is synthesized in the 

human metabolism. However, since this is 

only possible to a limited extent, a therapeutic 

application appears promising. Like 

magnesium, taurine appears to improve the 

function of calcium-transporting enzymes. In 

addition, taurine forms a non-ionic osmolyte 

that can promote the homeostasis of other 

ions within the cell. Taurine promotes the 

membrane binding of calcium. In the cells of 

the smooth muscles of the blood vessels, this 

leads to a vasodilating effect via an improved 

regulation of the calcium concentration. At 

doses between 1 and 6 g/day, a reduction in 

systolic blood pressure by up to 15 mmHg or 

diastolic blood pressure by up to 7 mmHg was shown. (16) A study 

with 120 pre-hypertensive partici pants showed a reduction of up to 

7.2 mmHg systolic or 4.7 mmHg diastolic with a daily supplementation 

of 1.6 g taurine for six weeks. (17) As an endogenous substance, 

taurine is characterized above all by the fact that no side effects are 

to be expected when used. 

References 

(1) Eaton, S. B., & Eaton Iii, S. B., European journal of nutrition, 39(2), 67-70 (2000) 

(2) Vormann, J., & Anke, M., Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology, 5(1), 49-53 (2002) 

(3) Shabajee, N., Lamb, E. J., et al., Bmj, 337 (2008) 

(4) Wälti, M. K., Spinas, G. A., et al., Swiss medical weekly, 133(1920) (2003) 

(5) Fang, X., Han, H., et al., Nutrients, 8(11), 739 (2016) 

(6) Veronese, N., Watutantrige-Fernando, S., et al., European journal of clinical nutrition, 

70(12), 1354-1359 (2016) 

(7) Kass, L., Weekes, J., et al., European journal of clinical nutrition, 66(4), 411-418 (2012) 

(8) Zhang, X., Li, Y., et al., Hypertension, 68(2), 324-333 (2016) 

(9) Chiuve, S. E., Sun, Q., et al., Journal of the American Heart Association, 2(2), e000114 

(2013) 

(10) Larsson, S. C., Orsini, N., et al., The American journal of clinical nutrition, 95(2), 

362-366 (2012) 

(11) Nie, Z. L., Wang, Z. M., et al., Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 23(3), 

169-176 (2013) 

(12) Zhao, B., Hu, L., et al., Frontiers in neurology, 10, 852 (2019) 

(13) Qu, X., Jin, F., et al., PloS one, 8(3), e57720 (2013) 

(14) DiNicolantonio, J. J., O’Keefe, et al., Open heart, 5(1), e000668 (2018) 

(15) Ranade, V. V., & Somberg, J. C., American journal of therapeutics, 8(5), 345-357 (2001) 

(16) Waldron, M., Patterson, S. D., et al., Current hypertension reports, 20(9), 81 (2018) 

(17) Sun, Q., Wang, B., et al., Hypertension, 67(3), 541-549 (2016) 


Philipp Gebhardt 

65779 Kelkheim, Germany 

p.gebhardt@mitotherapie.de 

MAGNESIUM 

CITRATE LACTATE TAURATE BISGLYCINATE 

CONTACT US NOW 

Scan the QR-code or visit www.magnesia.de/en/nutritional and 

learn more about magnesium compounds for your nutritional 

and health supplements products. 

MAGNESIA GmbH | Max-Jenne-Straße 2–4, 21337 Lüneburg, Germany | nutritional@magnesia.de | +49 4131 8710-37 


11

Bioactives 

Photo © : Adobe Stock/AWavebreakMediaMicro 

Bone health and the benefits of bioactives 

Bones constantly regenerate throughout our lives and caring 

for them is essential. As we age, bones degenerate as their 

tissue decreases, which can lead to serious musculoskeletal 

conditions such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis and 

back pain. Bioactive compounds can improve bone health, 

particularly those present in milk-derived products. 

What are the commonest bone conditions? 

One of the most common bone diseases, especially with older people 

and women who have been through the menopause is osteoporosis, 

which affects 8.9 million people globally each year. This disease 

makes the bones fragile and susceptible to fracturing easily and often 

causes broken wrists, hips and spinal fractures. Even something as 

minor as a sneeze or cough can break a bone in a person with osteoporosis. 

The stage before osteoporosis is known as osteopenia and refers to 

low bone density, which also increases the risk of breaking a bone. 

Another prevalent disease that can damage 

the bones is rheumatoid arthritis. This is an 

autoimmune disease that has no cure and 

can move from joint to bone destruction. 

What is the impact of a musculoskeletal 

disease? 

These diseases can be debilitating and seriously 

impact lifestyle and work. In some 

cases long-term care may be required, 

meaning a loss of autonomy. In a society 

where we expect to live longer and continue 

to be active, maintaining bone health is 

important. 

Musculoskeletal diseases also have an 

impact on public health systems. In 2017 

close to 16 million people in England suffered 


Bioactives 

OsteumCPP can be used to formulate various products to increase 

calcium absorption. These include drinks, yoghurts, baby and infant 

milk, dietary supplements and even pet food. 

This bioactive is beneficial at certain life stages: 

– childhood – when bones are developing and growing 

– pregnancy and breastfeeding – to strengthen the baby’s 

bone development 

– menopause – hormonal changes can reduce bone mass 

– later life – as bones degenerate over time 

from some form of musculoskele tal condition. 

According to UK government figures, 

the NHS spends approximately £5 billion 

each year on treating these conditions, a 

figure that could be reduced if these forms 

of disease could be prevented. 

How can bone conditions be avoided? 

Maintaining a healthy bone mass and 

strengthening the bones from an early age 

can help avoid severe bone conditions. 

Calcium is crucial for healthy bones, and can 

only be obtained through food or drinks, as 

the body does not make it naturally. This is 

why it is essential to ensure you get the right 

amount of calcium in your diet through dairy 

products. However, the digestive system only 

absorbs 15–20 % of the calcium we eat, yet 

bones are composed of 99 % calcium. This 

makes calcium supplemented products 

beneficial to health. 

What are bioactives? 

Photo © : Adobe Stock/Peera.P 

It can also be used to supplement products for other populations 

who do not belong to these groups, as healthy bones through good 

calcium absorption are beneficial to everyone. 

How do CPPs in Osteum work? 

As the body digests micellar casein it releases CPPs which transport 

calcium. CPPs are a binding agent that carries minerals such as 

calcium, iron and zinc which are beneficial to health. CPPs derived 

from micellar casein have a higher calcium-binding property than 

acid precipitated casein. They also prevent the formation of insoluble 

calcium salts which can be dangerous to health. 

OsteumCPP contains a high level of CPPs (a ratio of 25–35 %), 

which is one of the highest on the market. 

Therefore, a bioactive ingredient such as OsteumCPP is highly 

beneficial as a food, drink or supplement ingredient for all age groups 

in order to sustain healthy bones. 

References 

https://presse.inserm.fr/en/osteoporosis-balancing-bone-formation-and-degradation/17727/ 

https://www.ingredia-nutritional.com/our-bioactifs/bone-joint-health/Osteum/ 

file:///C:/Users/jehan/Downloads/OSTEUM_CPP_General_Presentation_2019%20(1).pdf 

https://www.who.int/news/item/27-10-2003-musculoskeletal-conditions-affect-millions 

https://theros.org.uk/information-and-support/osteoporosis/causes/ 

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002062.htm 

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/musculoskeletal-health-applying-all-ourhealth/musculoskeletal-health-applying-all-our-health 

Bioactives are an ingredient derived from 

certain foods and can be added to other food 

or drink products to enhance health. 

OsteumCPP is a bioactive ingredient that 

contains casein phosphopeptides (CPPs) 

which are derived from milk. CPPs assist the 

body with the absorption of minerals such 

as calcium, which promotes healthy bones. 

This is a natural product that is produced 

from micellar casein, which is a high-quality 

protein. 


Cecile DaCunha, product manager 

c.dacunha@ingredia.com 

Ingredia SA 

51 av F. Lobbedez - CS 60946 

62033 Arras Cedex, France 

www.ingredia.com 


13


All photos © : MBC/Adobe Stock/1123rf 

Fig. 1: Melatonin Sustained Release: 50 percent is released immediately in the first hour, followed by smaller and steadily decreasing doses. 

The „smart“ nutraceuticals 

The future: Sustained-release supplements 

Diana Kalustova 

Release characteristics have long been a topic in the 

pharma ceutical industry. Without controlled release, many 

important drugs could not fully exploit their potential, 

even though they had proven active ingredients. One good 

example of this is insulin, which was discovered in 1921. 

It quickly became clear that insulin was a substance that 

could effectively treat diabetes mellitus. However it was 

only with the development of insulin analogues that exist 

today, with extremely short to extremely long durations of 

action, that patients could be helped to achieve a better and 

longer life. Consequently, more and more manufacturers of 

food supplements show interest in slow-release forms, as 

they do recognize the resulting market opportunities. Using 

three examples from the well-known raw material manufacturer 

Nutriventia, we will show the innovation potential of 

this segment. 

In general, the following applies: Almost any raw material or active 

ingredient can be designed to have a delayed-release effect. The 

effect of sustained release is that the dietary supplement is released 

with a delay, evenly and over a longer period of time or in varying 

quantities. Sustained-release dietary supplements can be manufactured 

in the form of tablets, capsules, granules or powders. 

Sustained-release patches with an extended release of active ingredients 

are also possible. The galenics can also follow different routes. 

The most important manufacturing processes entail special coatings 

with a reservoir in the core, embedding in a polymer matrix as well 

as osmotically controlled systems, but also tablets and capsules with 

granules or pellets that are “preset” to dissolve. For dietary supplements, 

whose effect should only be developed in the intestines, 

sustained-relief forms can be produced that are enteric-coated. 

Slow/Modified Release 

Under the name “Slow/Modified Release”, Nutriventia has developed 

a process by which most ingredients for dietary supplements 

can be carefully adjusted to different release patterns. This allows 

the number of doses to be reduced, a purchasing factor that is especially 

important for older people. At the same time, their bioactivity 

is increased due to the controlled release. This has a positive effect 

on the amount of active ingredient required, which can therefore be 

lower and thus more sustainable. Slow/modified release thus often 



makes it much easier to implement many of 

the legislator’s rules (compliance). 

Example melatonin 

Melatonin is a hormone that in healthy people 

is produced primarily in the pineal gland, 

a part of the diencephalon, but also in the 

intestines and in the retina of the eye. It coordinates 

the circadian-rhythmic processes in 

the body, thus unfolding its effect as a timing 

agent or fatigue inducer. Together with adenosine, 

another endogenous hormone, melatonin 

controls the sleep rhythm. 

Vitamin C – An innovative approach 

Although Vitamin C cannot be produced by 

the human body itself, it performs a large 

number of tasks that are essential for maintaining 

health and physiological functions. 

Paramount in this regard is the immune 

defense, which cannot be maintained by the 

body without a sufficient supply of vitamin C. 

In the meantime, science has discovered that 

the human body rapidly degrades vitamin C 

and excretes it via the kidneys. Thus, the 

half-life of the plasma level of vitamin C is 

generally only about two hours. It follows 

Fig. 2: New study shows the C-Fence ® optimal Vitamin C plasma concentration over 24 hours. 

tifically confirmed that one C-Fence tablet 

provides a full protection for 24 hours. 

Proper use of caffeine 

Almost all people encounter a situation 

where they need to be wide awake. This 

means athletes, chess players and gamers, 

but also people on a holiday trip. In such situations, 

many people turn to highly caffeinated 

drinks (energy drinks) or consume pure 

caffeine in tablet or capsule form. Often they 

are surprised when they are more tired than 

ever after a short time, because the effect 

of caffeine increases quickly and decreases 

just as quickly. Nutriventia has therefore 

developed CaffXtend ® , a raw material that 

can be processed into tablets, capsules or 

powder. The product consists of natural 

caffeine, whose effect is “Slow/Modified”. 

The body thus always receives the amount 

of caffeine it needs to stay awake without 

harming health. Vivatis Pharma in Hamburg 

is the exclusive distributor for all Nutriventia 

products. Vivatis provides comprehensive 

advice on the subject of “Slow/Modified 

Release” – for raw materials and, if required, 

also for corresponding finished products. 

At the same time, melatonin fulfills important 

functions as an antioxidant and in the 

down-regulation of many other biologi cal 

processes. Infants and young children 

still produce large amounts of melatonin, 

but older people produce less and less – 

resulting in sleep disorders and sleep deprivation 

in the elderly. In view of the fact that 

melatonin is metabolized very quickly by the 

human body and its half-life is therefore no 

more than 40–60 minutes, it is understandable 

that supplementation becomes more 

effective to the extent that it is possible to 

provide the body with melatonin as required 

as so- called “long-acting melatonin”. 

Nutriventia has developed Melatonin 

Sustained Release specifically for this 

purpose. It is released in the body over the 

course of 8 hours in such a way (see Fig. 1) 

that it not only makes it possible to fall asleep 

more quickly, but also enables healthy sleep 

over the entire period, combined with a 

natural alternation of sleep phases. 

Fig. 3/CaffXtend ® : Better and healthier effects through continuous release over 12 hours 

that a constant plasma level of vitamin C is 

a prerequisite for this important vitamin to 

be fully effective. Nutriventia has therefore 

developed C-Fence ® , a sustained-release 

product that ensures that a total amount of 

500 mg of vitamin C is made available to 

the body over a period of 24 hours. This is 

exactly the amount considered to be optimal 

in order to permanently maintain the plasma 

level of vitamin C. It has now been scien- 


Diana Kalustova 

Manager for Scientific Business 

Development, 

Vivatis Pharma GmbH 

info@vivatis.de 

www.vivatis.de 


15

Natual energy 

Photo © : Waykana Ecuador 

Superfood from Ecuador 

Guayusa leaves: A natural source of energy 

from the Amazon 

The Amazon rain forest is the source of a very special energizer: 

guayusa, which comes from the leaves of the guayusa 

plant that the indigenous people of Ecuador, the Kichwa, 

traditionally use to make their energizing tea. The demand 

for guayusa tea is also growing here in Europe, whilst at the 

same time guayusa powder and extract are used in functional 

energy drinks, snacks and nutritional supplements. But what 

makes the superfood from Ecuador so special? What do 

its leaves contain? And what does guayusa taste like? The 

Import Promotion Desk (IPD), a project of Germany’s Federal 

Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), 

is supporting producers from Ecuador in exporting guayusa 

from the Amazon to Europe. 

Ecuadorean pick-me-up 

Ilex guayusa is a holly bush that grows at high altitudes in the 

Amazon rain forest. Although guayusa is related to yerba mate, the 

two caffeinated holly plants are in fact different species. Guayusa has 

an established status in Amazonian culture: 

the indigenous people prize the stimulating 

tea, it is drunk at spiritual ceremonies and 

the leaves are used in traditional medicine. 

Ecuador is the world’s largest producer of 

guayusa leaves. The plants also grow in 

Bolivia and Peru, but in these countries the 

leaves are consumed mainly by locals and 

there is hardly any commercial production. 

With an average content of two percent, 

Guayusa leaves are highly caffeinated, but 

since the caffeine is released slowly and 

steadily, it is very well tolerated. The typical 

side effects of coffee, such as stomach 

pains, shaking and restlessness, are not 

present in guayusa. At the same time the 

energizing effect is longer-lasting and more 


Natural energy 

Collaboration with small farmers 

The company Jumandipro-Waykana is a participant in the IPD 

programme. It works with 150 small Amazonian farmers in the rain 

forest to produce guayusa. Waykana pays its suppliers a wage that is 

15 percent higher than the standard Fairtrade rate and enables small 

farmers from four provinces to earn additional income. According to 

the firm’s owners, they were inspired by their awareness of just how 

unique and valuable guayusa from their rain forest is and how it can 

contribute to finding emotional balance in life. 

Guayusa production 

Photo © : Waykana Ecuador 

sustained. Guayusa is reportedly not only invigorating and able to 

increase sharpness and attentiveness, but also to improve performance. 

Guayusa grows in the Amazon rain forest and has been traditionally 

gathered by the indigenous community. Nowadays it is also cultivated 

by the communities for commercial use and the small farmers 

pluck the leaves by hand. Small farmers pick the leaves by hand, sort 

them, and gently dry them in the open air or in drying facilities. After 

harvesting, the guayusa leaves are spread on a surface to undergo a 

leaf selection process. Then they are pre-dried and packed in bags. 

During the dehydration process, the leaves are dried using an industrial 

drying oven. This is followed by grinding, sieving and final bulk 

packaging. 

For more information, please visit 

www.importpromotiondesk.de 

In addition, guayusa is credited with many nutritional benefits: the 

leaves contain twice as many antioxidants as normal green tea and 

antioxidants protect human cells from free radicals. Moreover, the 

guayusa leaves are rich in amino acids, vitamins C and D and the 

minerals potassium, magnesium, calcium, zinc and chromium. 

“Guayusa producers in Ecuador are confident in their tea with centuries 

of history,” says Maria Paula Gomez, IPD Expert Sourcing + 

Markets. “They offer a natural product with unique characteristics, 

they pay attention to the originality of their tea and carefully check the 

quality. For Europeans, Guayusa offers a special drinking pleasure; 

for producers and indigenous people in the Amazon, it's an important 

source of income.” 

Mild taste 

The taste of guayusa is comparable to that of mate tea. Although it is 

similarly earthy with slightly tart notes, it is much milder and does not 

have the bitterness of coffee or tea since the tannins found in many 

teas are not present in guayusa leaves. Guayusa has a delightfully 

smooth, delicate and slightly sweet taste making its leaves suitable 

not only for tea but also for refreshing drinks, energy drinks and even 

alcoholic beverages like beers and liqueurs. Guayusa is also already 

used in snacks and chocolate. 


17

Immune health: Interview 

Photo © : Fotolia/ WavebreakMediaMicro 

Immune health: the collagen connection 

How GELITA’s IMMUPEPT can help 

maintain the body’s own defence mechanism 

We talked to Suzane Leser, Director of Nutrition Communication 

at GELITA, about the important link between specific 

Bioactive Collagen Peptides (BCP ® ) and immune support. 

We know that the pandemic has had a huge impact on people’s 

attitudes to lifestyle habits and immune health, in particular. So 

how best can they support their body’s own defences? 

It’s true that coronavirus has had a massive effect on people’s health 

habits, with recent research revealing that almost two-thirds of 

consumers are more conscious than ever before about their immune 

health i . But while everyone knows the importance of vitamins and 

minerals in immune support, not many know that collagen peptides 

can also make a vital contribution to a well-functioning immune 

system. 

Can you explain the connection between collagen and immunity? 

There are generally three lines of immune defence – surface barriers 

(notably the skin), the innate immunity, and the acquired immune 

response. From our research, we figured out one important thing the 

three lines of defence have in common: they are all supported by 

collagen-rich tissues. We want to bring attention 

to the fact that the skin forms the most 

ubiquitous first-line of immune defence. 

Also, that the whole-body extracellular 

matrix, which main component is collagen, 

is the terrain in which immune cells can 

operate and thrive against the pathogens that 

manage to cross the surface barriers. Finally, 

there is also the collagen-rich bone marrow, 

which is the organ that gives origin to all 

cells of the immune system, and serves as 

a reservoir of memory cells for the acquired 

immune response. 

We mentioned the outer skin as the body’s 

first barrier of immune defence, in a similar 

way, there is also the “inner skin” that works 

as important primary barriers, such as those 

found in the gut, lungs, eyes, and in the 

mucosa found in the nose and mouth, for 

example. These tissues are all supported 

by very similar cells and structural proteins, 



such as collagen, found in the skin and in 

the extracellular matrix. Likewise, if these 

barriers are compromised, opportunistic 

pathogens can enter the body and trigger 

the innate immune response. 

The most obvious manifestation of the innate 

immune response is inflammation, which is 

a typical reaction to infection or injury. Such 

a reaction is completely normal, but when 

prolonged, it can lead to tissue damage 

and may eventually overwhelm the entire 

immune system. To avoid this, the third line 

of immune defence comes into play. This so 

called “adaptive” immunity is triggered when 

an infection progresses, despite the activity 

of the innate immune system. The adaptive 

immunity’s role is to learn and recognise 

the specific troublesome pathogens and, if 

exposed to them a second time, trigger a 

stronger, more rapid response. This adaptive 

mechanism, as mentioned, is regulated by 

cells and organs in the body, including the 

collagen-rich bone marrow. 

So what role do collagen peptides actually play? 

Essentially, the collagen peptides that are particularly bioactive, they 

can regulate the metabolism of connective tissue cells, and help keep 

the collagen-rich tissues involved in the immune response intact and 

metabolically active. Taking the skin barrier, for example, the epidermis 

is a wall of keratinocyte cells, and the spaces between these cells are 

filled with “scaffolding” extracellular matrix proteins, and are covered 

by lipids. If this layer is broken down, pathogens can get access to 

deeper tissues and cause infection. GELITA’s IMMUPEPT contains 

skin-specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides that have been optimised 

to stimulate the metabolism of keratinocytes, therefore regulating the 

production of proteins that form a strong skin barrier ii . These specific 

collagen peptides help keep the skin surface intact, so that it can 

withstand external threats. 

But surely immunity is more than skin deep… 

For sure. The role of connective tissues in immune health extends 

to the whole body extracellular matrix. This matrix is a three-dimensional 

environment, created by the connective tissue cells themselves, 

and in which most immune cells are mobile and operate. 

The matrix is abundant not only in collagen fibres, but also in several 

other functional proteins, and plays a crucial role in numerous meta- 

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bolic functions – including the immune response. In short, all components 

of the extracellular matrix are active partners in coordinating 

the different parts of the immune system. 

learn more and more about the importance of healthy bones for a 

well-functioning immune system, it’s important to also highlight the 

significant role that bone-specific collagen peptides can play in regulating 

the metabolism of bone-remodelling cells osteoblasts and osteoclasts. 

Hence, we also brought bone-specific Bioactive Collagen 

Peptides into IMMUPEPT. 

The benefits of these specific collagen peptides for bone health were 

confirmed in a human randomised controlled trial, where osteopenic 

postmenopausal women were supplemented daily with 5 g of bonespecific 

BCP ® for 12 months. During this time, the women saw a 

significant increase in bone mineral density, a superb outcome for 

women in that age group. 

Product-specific preclinical trials have also confirmed that the 

selected Bioactive Collagen Peptides in IMMUPEPT are also able to 

downregulate important biomarkers of inflammation, tissue damage 

and oxidative stress, suggesting an immune-modulatory effect from 

IMMUPEPT. 

Photo © : GELITA 

How important, then, are these collagen peptides to the ECM? 

The Bioactive Collagen Peptides in IMMUPEPT have been shown 

to regulate the metabolism of fibroblasts – the most abundant cells 

of the connective tissue, the metabolic active centres of the extracellular 

matrix. The fibroblast-specific BCP ® s in IMMUPEPT stimulate 

these cells to produce the structural and functional extracellular 

matrix components, that play a role in the immune response. 

A product-specific randomised controlled trial, involving 114 women 

aged between 45 and 65, confirmed a statistically significant increase 

in Procollagen Type I (65 %), a marker of collagen formation, after 8 

weeks of daily supplementation with 2.5 g of fibroblast-specific BCP ® . 

Collagen type I is the main structural protein in the body, but it also 

has an immune regulatory role, acting to downregulate inflammation. 

Previously, you also mentioned bone marrow as an area of interest. 

Why is this? 

So now that the link between collagen and immune health has 

been established, what opportunities does this present for manufacturers 

of nutraceuticals, and functional food and drink pro ducts? 

With the introduction of a family of Bioactive Collagen Peptides, 

GELITA is able to offer manufacturers innovative solutions that help 

support a well-functioning immune system: the selected BCP ® s in 

IMMUPEPT 25 stimulate keratinocyte cells in the skin barrier, 

and fibroblast cells in the whole-body extracellular matrix, while 

IMMUPEPT 50 adds bone-specific BCP ® s to the mix, contributing 

stimulatory effects to the metabolism of the bone cells osteoblasts 

and osteoclasts. These collagen peptides can be used in drinks, 

shakes, powders and protein bars, without affecting their taste, smell 

or mouthfeel. They are also allergen-free and clean-label friendly. 

References 

i 

FMCG Gurus Survey, July 2019 ‘Changing consumption habits in the wake of COVID-19’ 

ii 

Source: Collagen Research Institute (CRI), data on file. 

Well, the mechanisms of the adaptive immune system are regulated 

by cells and organs in the body, including the bone marrow – from 

which all cells of the immune system originate. In other words: the 

dynamic relationship between collagen-rich tissues and the immune 

response is also shown by the cross-regulation between bone health 

and the immune system. Bone cells, which were previously thought 

to only regulate each other and remodel the structural bone collagen 

matrix, have now also been shown to regulate immune cells. As we 


www.immupept.com 


Immune health 

Photo © : iStock/Ridofranz 

WEISHARDT, a relevant player 

in immune health 

Dr. Christelle Bonnet 

In 2020, the immune health supplements 

market size was USD 18.22 

billion. It is now projected to reach 

USD 31.50 billion by 2028, with 

a CAGR of 6.6 % during the forecast 

period (source: Fortune Business 

Insights). COVID-19 pandemic sparked 

the demand for immune health supplements 

across the globe. This growth is 

attributable to the rising reconsideration 

of health and well-being by the 

masses. 

Inflammation and immunity 

Considering the immune health, inflammation 

is a vital part of the immune system’s 

response to infection from bacteria, viruses, 

toxic compounds, or irradiation [1] and acts 

by removing injurious stimuli and initiating 

the healing process [2]. Inflammation is therefore a defense mechanism 

that is essential to the immune health [3]. Usually, during acute 

inflammatory responses, cellular and molecular events and interactions 

efficiently minimize impending injury or infection. This process 

contributes to restoration of tissue homeostasis and resolution of the 

acute inflammation. However, uncontrolled acute inflammation may 

become chronic and deleterious for the organism [4]. 

In terms of pathways, these inflammatory stimuli activate intracellular 

signaling pathways that activate production of inflammatory mediators 

such as cytokines [5]. Table 1 summarizes the cytokines and 

their functions (pro or anti-inflammatory). 

Scientific studies show that NATICOL ® downregulates proinflammatory 

cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and increases 

anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-β, IL-10). 

NATICOL ® , natural fish collagen peptides developed from WEISHARDT 

innovative collagen science, has preclinically demonstrated its ability 

to resolve inflammation – the innate reaction to preserve the immune 


21

Immune health 

Cytokine Family Main sources Function 

IL-1β IL-1 Macrophages, monocytes Pro-inflammation, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation 

IL-4 IL-4 Th-cells Anti-inflammation, T-cell and B-cell proliferation, 

B-cell differentiation 

IL-6 IL-6 Macrophages, T-cells, adipocyte Pro-inflammation, differentiation, cytokine production 

IL-8 CXC Macrophages, epithelial cells, endothelial 

cells 

Table 1: Summary of cytokines and their functions 

Pro-inlammation, chemotaxis, angiogenesis 

IL-10 IL-10 Monocytes, T-cells, B-cells Anti-inflammation, inhibition of the pro-inflammatory cytokines 

IL-12 IL-12 Dendritic cells, macrophages, 

neutrophils 

Pro-inflammation, cell differentiation, activates NK cell 

IL-11 IL-6 Fibroblasts, neurons, epithelial cells Anti-inflammation, differentiation, induces acute phase protein 

TNF-α TNF Macrophages, NK cells, CD4 + lymphocytes, 

adipocyte 

Pro-inflammation, cytokine production, cell proliferation, 

apoptosis, anti-infection 

IFN-γ INF T-cells, NK cells, NKT cells Pro-inflammation, innate, adaptive immunity anti-viral 

GM-CSF IL-4 T-cells, macrophages, fibroblasts Pro-inflammation, macrophage activation, increase neutrophil 

and monocyte function 

TGF-β TGF Macrophages, T-cells Anti-inflammation, inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine 

production 

system. Indeed, in vivo study results showed that a colonic inflammation 

in NATICOL ® -treated DSS mice was associated with lower levels 

of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokines. The attenuated 

inflammation by NATICOL ® treatment was 

also supported by induced TGFβ and IL-10 

anti-inflammatory cytokines secretion. 

® 

Figures 1– Model of DSS-induced intestinal inflammation - TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, TGF-β and IL-10 protein levels in the colon were 

determined at 8 days in the colons of control or DSS-exposed mice treated or not with NATICOL ® . (n=18 per group). *p≤0.05, 

**p≤0.01, ***p≤0.005 compared to DSS-exposed untreated mice. 


Immune health 

“NATICOL ® Mix Immune”/“NATICOL ® 

Mix Immune +”, an innovative range 

of nutraceutical powder systems for 

immune health 

Due to the growing interest and demand 

of consumers for immune health solutions, 

WEISHARDT has developed a range of 

nutraceutical complexes under the name 

“NATICOL ® Mix Immune” and “NATICOL ® 

Mix Immune +”. Formulated with NATICOL ® 

as the main active ingredient, these powder 

complexes contain vitamin C (100 % RDA) 

– which contributes to the protection of cell 

constituents from oxidative damage, reduction 

of tiredness and fatigue, normal function 

of the immune system (EFSA claims) – 

and/or minerals such as Copper (30 % RDA) 

and Zinc (70 % RDA) also contributing to 

the normal function of the immune health 

(EFSA claims). Providing established immunity 

solutions with vitamins and minerals 

but also innovative solutions with NATICOL ® 

which showed anti-inflammatory benefits 

in preclinical studies (see figure above), these stable nutraceutical 

complexes will help you make your entrance in the Immune market 

segment. 

WEISHARDT products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or 

prevent any disease. 

References 

1. Medzhitov R. Inflammation 2010: new adventures of an old flame. Cell. 2010;140:771– 

776. 

2. Ferrero-Miliani L, Nielsen O, Andersen P, Girardin S. Chronic inflammation: importance 

of NOD2 and NALP3 in interleukin-1β generation. Clin Exp Immunol. 2007;147:227–235. 

3. Nathan C, Ding A. Nonresolving inflammation. Cell. 2010;140:871–882. 

4. Zhou Y, Hong Y, Huang H. Triptolide Attenuates Inflammatory Response in Membranous 

Glomerulo-Nephritis Rat via Downregulation of NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Kidney and Blood 

Pressure Res. 2016;41:901–910. 

5. Kaminska B. MAPK signalling pathways as molecular targets for anti-inflammatory 

therapy – from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic benefits. BBA. 2005;1754:253–262 


WEISHARDT International 

81300 Graulhet, France 

Phone +33 5 63 42 14 41 

welcome@weishardt.com 

www.weishardt.com 

Expert in health ingredients and innovative formulations 

www.seanova.fr 

contact@seanova.fr +33(0)2 98 50 41 60 

// 


23

Antioxidants 

Photo © : Helmut Pierer 

Astaxanthin – oxidative balance for the body 

Dr. Edgar Ahn, Dr. Monika Siebel 

What is Astaxanthin? 

Astaxanthin is a natural red pigment found in marine animals such 

as microalgae, crustaceans, fish and some birds (1), (2). Chemically, 

astaxanthin belongs to the carotenoid group, specifically xanthophylls, 

and is considered the most potent antioxidant currently known. 

astaxanthin under stress situations (e. g. high 

salt content in the water, nitrogen deficiency, 

high temperatures and UV light) for its own 

protection (4). This natural form represents 

the highest quality astaxanthin with the 

highest antioxidant potential. 

Despite its similar chemical structure, astaxanthin differs greatly from 

other carotenoids in its properties. It can cross both the blood-brain 

barrier and the blood-retinal barrier, thus exerting its antioxidant and 

anti-inflammatory protection directly on site in the brain, the nerves of 

the central nervous system or the retina of the eye. Astaxanthin also 

distributes itself extremely effectively throughout the body, so that its 

protective effect benefits every single cell and thus all organs, tissues, 

joints and skin. 

Astaxanthin is considered safe and has been certified by the United 

States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with GRAS (generally 

recognized as safe) status (3). 

How is astaxanthin produced? 

Natural astaxanthin is industrially produced mainly from the green 

algae Haematococcus pluvialis. This alga produces the red pigment 

Fig. 1: Photo of the different life stages of the green alga Haematococcus 

pluvialis. 



Antioxidants 

The cultivation technologies used often differ 

fundamentally. In its simplest form, cultivation 

of the microalga takes place in open, 

unprotected pond systems (“open-ponds”) 

that use direct sunlight. However, this form 

of cultivation carries the risk of uncontrolled 

contamination by competing foreign algal 

strains on the one hand, and environmental 

pollution (e. g., contaminants from the 

ambient air) on the other hand. Production 

performance and quality often varies greatly 

due to climatic influences. 

The following factors are crucial for highquality 

production of natural astaxanthin 

from green algae: 

– Continuous, systematic selection of the 

best strains of Haematococcus pluvialis 

algae. 

– Ensuring optimal growth conditions by 

using the highest quality water 

– Cultivation in completely closed containers 

to meet the hygiene standards required by 

the food supplement industry 

By using suitable process technology, the 

living conditions for the green algae can be 

optimally adapted to the two different life 

cycles – growth phase and stress phase 

(see Fig. 2) – thus optimizing the yield and 

content of high-quality astaxanthin. 

In addition to algae, mostly genetically engineered 

bacteria or yeast fungi (Phaffia 

rhodozyma) can also be used for the 

biotechnological production of astaxanthin. 


However, the astaxanthin contents obtained in these processes are 

much lower than in green algae (5). This astaxanthin is mainly used 

in fish farming as a natural colourant and is not approved for use in 

the food and dietary supplement (NEM) sector in Europe. 

Furthermore, astaxanthin can be produced from petroleum in a 

chemical process. This so-called synthetic astaxanthin is also not 

approved for use in the food and food supplement (NEM) sector in 

Europe. It is used purely as a colourant in the industrial breeding 

of fish (e. g. salmon) or other farm and domestic animals (e. g. for 

the specific colouring of egg yolks). Thus, when consuming industrial 

farmed salmon, the consumer mostly ingests only synthetic astaxanthin. 

Although synthetic astaxanthin has the same chemical formula as 

natural astaxanthin, the two forms differ substantially in their bioactive 

effects. Natural astaxanthin contains not only astaxanthin, but the 

total complex of those substances that the alga forms to ensure its 

survival (e. g., smaller amounts of lutein, beta-carotene, and canthaxanthin). 

The accompanying substances act synergistically, thus 

enhancing the effect of astaxanthin, making natural astaxanthin a 

far more effective antioxidant than synthetic astaxanthin (6). Furthermore, 

natural astaxanthin from green algae is in its esterified form 

and is therefore more stable and better adsorbed by the body. 

How does astaxanthin work? 

Fig. 2: schematic representation of the life cycles of the green alga Haematococcus 

pluvialis during AX production. 

Astaxanthin has been studied by numerous research groups worldwide 

and is recognized as safe and effective. The number of scientific 

studies on natural astaxanthin is rapidly increasing, and there is 

solid documentation for a variety of uses. The following health benefits 

of natural astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis have been 

demonstrated in clinical studies: 

– Promotes healthy oxidative balance 

– Supports cardiovascular health 

– Supports healthy skin 


25

Antioxidants 

– Supports healthy ageing 

– Supports body recovery after heavy exertion 

Astaxanthin and the oxidative balance 

Oxidative balance describes the relationship between the production 

of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activity of antioxidant 

protective systems. When this system is in balance, oxidative damage 

can be minimized and body cells can be optimally protected. Often 

an imbalance arises due to chronic stress, environmental pollution or 

heavy physical strain. Increased oxidative stress occurs, which can 

ultimately lead to cell damage, various diseases or premature ageing. 

Astaxanthin is able to restore this balance. 

Comparative studies have shown that the antioxidant effect of astaxanthin 

is much stronger than that of other compounds. For example, 

it has been shown to be: 

– 6000 times more potent than vitamin C 

– 770 times stronger than co-enzyme Q10 

– 100 times more potent than vitamin E 

– 55 times stronger than synthetic astaxanthin 

– 5 times stronger than beta-carotene 

– 3 times stronger than lutein 

– 2 times stronger than lycopene 

However, if inflammations turn into a chronic state, this is a sign of 

an imbalance in the body. The causes can be, for example, constant 

stress, an unfavourable diet, poor intestinal health, and always a 

lack of antioxidants. Chronic inflammation can cause serious tissue 

damage throughout the body, resulting in manifestations such as 

arthritis, asthma, Crohn's disease, or glaucoma. 

Astaxanthin has a strong anti-inflammatory effect by reducing the 

activity of many inflammatory messengers in the body. It can therefore 

be of enormous help in chronic inflammatory diseases – not as 

the sole remedy, of course – but as a side-effect-free component of a 

holistic therapy (9). 

Healthy ageing thanks to astaxanthin 

The human ageing process is accompanied by damage to the energy 

supply centres in our cells (mitochondria), increased production of 

oxidative stress and less active cell protection systems. Characteris tic 

age-related side effects are decreasing elasticity of the skin, 

slackening of muscles, eye diseases and the feeling of fatigue as well 

as lower performance. 

Numerous studies have shown that antioxi dants such as astaxanthin 

can slow down all these ageing processes by eliminating free radicals 

(10), (11), (12), (13). Often a combination of astaxanthin with 

various nutrients and vital substances has been administered here 

(e. g. omega 3, vitamin C and also vitamin E). 

Protection of the cardiovascular system by astaxanthin 

Cardiovascular diseases cause almost half of all deaths in the European 

Union. Chronic inflammatory processes and increased oxidative 

stress are significantly involved in the pathophysiological process 

of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. The cardio protective 

effects of astaxanthin with its unique chemical properties have been 

studied for some time (14). 

Its chemical structure enables astaxanthin to scavenge different 

types of free radicals. In this regard, it is considered a “gentle” antioxidant 

because, compared to other antioxidants, the molecule itself 

does not become a highly reactive compound after absorbing a free 

radical (7), (8). 

Anti-inflammatory astaxanthin 

Photo © : Shutterstock 

Acute inflammations are crucial components of a healing process. 

They are an important indicator that our immune system is currently 

fighting a “troublemaker”, which should eventually lead back to 

recovery. 

Evidence on the cardio protective potential of astaxanthin is provided 

by a clinical RCT study published in 2018. Here, an eight-week intervention 

with 8 mg astaxanthin/day was conducted with diabetic 

patients. Of particular note were the significant astaxanthin-induced 

reductions in total fat mass and triglyceride levels. At the same time, 

blood pressure and VLDL levels decreased compared with placebo 

(15). 

Effects of astaxanthin on athletic performance and 

regeneration 

Intense periods of training and competition are associated with 

increased production of oxidative and nitrosative stress (ROS and 

NOS). These can damage protein, lipid and other body structures. 

The complex interaction of antioxidant systems usually ensures that 

this damage is greatly reduced or prevented. However, if the training 


Antioxidants 

load is too high over a longer period of time, a dysbalance occurs and 

the production of reactive oxygen species predominates. This imbalance 

can also be aggravated by psychological factors (e.g. stress 

in work and private life), which is particularly relevant for amateur 

athletes. To counteract these adverse effects, the targeted use of antioxidant 

nutrients has become established in popular and competitive 

sports. 

Studies have shown that astaxanthin can reduce lactate levels in 

muscles (16). Lactate (lactic acid) is known to be an undesirable 

product that can be produced in the muscles during physical exertion, 

causing fatigue and a burning sensation. If one wants to enjoy 

athletic success, lactate levels should be kept as low as possible. 

Problems that can arise from excessive strain during sports can 

also be remedied more quickly with astaxanthin. In the case of the 

so-called “tennis elbow”, for example, it is an inflammation of the 

tendons or tendon attachments at the elbow. In one study, a significantly 

faster reduction in the symptoms of tennis elbow was observed 

after taking astaxanthin (17). 

Miracle weapon astaxanthin? 

It often seems unbelievable when such a variety of possible effects 

are listed in connection with natural active ingredients such as astaxanthin. 

How should one and the same substance be able to help 

with such different ailments as eye complaints, joint pain, cardiovascular 

problems, sunburn, etc.? The explanation lies in the fact that 

many diseases have different symptoms but one and the same cause 

– oxidative stress and/or inflammation. 

Our joints, our organs, our senses – they are all made up of tiny cells 

that are very similar in function and therefore all react negatively to 

oxidative stress, and are threatened by inflammation. Therefore, it is 

a logical conclusion that all of our cells respond positively to a protective 

substance that can reduce and/or eliminate oxidative stress and 

inflammation – astaxanthin! 

About BDI-BioLife Science 

BDI-BioLife Science is a specialist in the development of innovative 

technologies for the production of high quality algae valuables 

for the LifeScience industry. 

References 

1. Guerin, M et al.; Haematococcus astaxanthin: applications for human health and nutrition; 

Trends Biotechnol (2003) 21(5):210–6. 

2. Hussein, G. et al.; Astaxanthin, a carotenoid with potential in human health and nutrition; 

J Nat Prod (2006) 69(3):443–9. 

3. Fuji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.; Notification of GRAS Determination for Haematococcus 

pluvialis extract characterized by component astaxanthin esters (of common edible fatty 

acids); (2009). 

4. Ambati, R. R. et al.; Astaxanthin: sources, extraction, stability, biological activities and 

its commercial applications – a review; Mar Drugs. (2014) 12(1):128–52. 

5. Dominguez-Bocanegra, A.R. et al.; Astaxanthin production by Phaffia rhodozyma and 

Haematococcus pluvialis: a comparative study; Appl Microbiol Biotechnol (2007) 75:783- 

791. 

6. Novoveská, L.; Microalgal Carotinoids: a review of production, current markets, regulations 

and future direction; Mar. Drugs (2019) 17:640 

7. Nishida, Y. et al.; Quenching Activities of Common Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Antioxidants 

against Singlet Oxygen Using Chemiluminescence Detection System; Carotenoid Sci. 

(2007) 11:16–20. 

8. Beutner, S. et al.; Quantitative assessment of antioxidant properties of natural colorants 

and phytochemicals: carotenoids, flavonoids, phenols and indigoids. The role of β-carotene 

in antioxidant functions; J Sci Food Agric. (2001) 81(6):559–68. 

9. Underwood, A.; Quieting a Bodys Defenses; Newsweek Magazine, Special Summer Issue, 

August 2005. Pg. 26-28. 

10. Tominaga, K. et al.; Cosmetic benefts of astaxanthin on human subjects; Acta Biochim 

Pol. (2012) 59(1):43–7. 

11. Ito, N. et al.; The Protective Role of Astaxanthin for UV-Induced Skin Deterioration in 

Healthy People – A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial; Nutrients (2018) 

pii: E817. 

12. Kim, Y. K. et al.; The effects of astaxanthin supplements on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant 

status in postmenopausal women; Nutr Sci. (2004) 7(1):41–6. 

13. Kajita, M. et al.; The Effects of a Dietary Supplement Containing Astaxanthin on the 

Accommodation Function of the Eye in Middle-aged and Older People; Med Consult N 

Remed. (2009) 46(3):89–93. 

14. Visioli, F. et al.; Astaxanthin in cardiovascular health and disease: mechanisms of 

action, therapeutic merits, and knowledge gaps; Food Funct. (2017) 8(1):39–63. 

15. Mashhadi, N. S. et al.; Astaxanthin improves glucose metabolism and reduces blood 

pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. (2018) 27(2):341–6. 

16. Sawaki, K., et al.; Sports Performance Benefits from Taking Natural Astaxanthin Characterized 

by Visual Acuity and Muscle Fatigue Improvements in Humans; Journal of Clinical 

Therapeutics & Medicines (2002) 18:(9)73-88. 

17. Spiller, G., et al.; Effect of daily use of natural astaxanthin on symptoms associated 

with Tennis Elbow (lateral humeral epicondylitis); On file at Cyanotech Corporation (2006) 


Dr. Edgar Ahn, 

Chief Innovation Officer of the parent 

company of BDI-BioLife Science 

Dr. Monika Siebel, 

Sales Director Nutrition & Pharma 

of BDI-BioLife Science 

www.bdi-biolifescience.com 

In the cultivation plant located in the Ökopark Hartberg/Austria, 

BDI-BioLife Science produces natural astaxanthin tailor-made 

for the cosmetics (AstaCos ® ) and dietary supplements (AstaFit ® ) 

industry using the closed algae cultivation process developed 

in-house. 


27

Marine oils 

Photo © : Calanus 

Seanova – a major player in the 

food supplements business 

Located in Finistère, Brittany, Seanova is as close as possible to the 

ocean and its wonders. The company, which now has 17 employees, 

was born out of a man's passion for marine biotechnology and health 

nutrition. Seanova’s main goal was the enhancement of marine and 

plant lipids. 

The blend the employees’ various skills makes it possible to support 

customers in the development of their projects, their formulations 

and to offer personalized solutions. Efficiency, innovation and respect 

for the environment are at the core of the company. 

The origin of Seanova 

After graduating in oceanography and marine biology, Stéphane 

Lozachmeur, its founder, began his career in a scientific research 

center in order to study the micro-nutrition of fish larvae. While the 

impact of nutrients and their quality on the development and on the 

animal health is very important, the entrepreneur quickly understood 

that humans require nutrients of very high quality. It is on these bases 

that the Seanova’s adventure began in 1994, 

in Brittany, in order to offer the most stable, 

the purest and the most natural marine 

ingredients. 

The marine environment is a source of wellbeing 

for humans. From the start, Seanova 

recognized the potential of oils naturally rich 

in omega-3 fatty acids. Thanks to the infinite 

richness of the oceans, the French company 

started to specialize in the enhancement of 

lipids and marine actives. 

Fully in line with the demand for naturality 

expected by consumers, Seanova carefully 

selected marine active ingredients that 

were perfectly answering the needs of the 

constantly growing health & and well-being 

market. 


Marine oils 

Aware of nutrition and health issues, the 

Breton team is working to offer a range of 

marine oils highly concentrated in omega-3 

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic 

acid (EPA). 

It also offers vegetable oils rich in omega 3 

and omega 6 (hemp, chia, borage, evening 

primrose). The company uses eco-certified 

resources, always with a desire to preserve 

the environment. 

Seanova oils benefit from superior stability, 

thanks to the patented XO ® process. It is an 

enrichment in natural antioxidants, such as 

rosemary, which preserves the nutritional 

and organoleptic qualities as well as the shelf 

life of oils (marine and vegetable). 

The company’s core business is to offer 

inno vative formulations from the sea and 

plants. They formulate oils, capsules, 

powders, microcapsules for their customers 

specialized in nutraceuticals, agrifood and 

veterinary products. 

Epax ® is a world leader in concentrated omega-3 fatty acids. Using 

high quality, sustainable and traceable raw materials only, Epax ® 

provides scientifically proven, health specific, safe and pure omega-3 

formulas. 

The oils come from small wild blue fish (like herring, anchovies, tuna, 

mackerel, sardines) caught along the cold waters of the Chilean and 

Peruvian coasts. The sustainability of natural resources requires strict 

compliance with quotas. These quotas are licensed by the Chilean 

and Peruvian governments. Fishing is limited to two catches per year 

and is interrupted during the fish breeding season. Preferred species 

are fish with a rapid reproduction cycle (from 2 to 3 years) and a high 

fertility rate. 

Epax’ commitment: Purity, Quality, Innovation – The best omega-3 

fatty acids EPA/DHA ingredients on the market 

Calanus ® /Zooca ® : As a pioneer, Zooca ® is developing a new bioindustry 

based on the marine copepod Calanus Finmarchicus, one 

of the largest renewable and exploitable resources on the planet. 

Zooca ® has developed a patented fishing technology, which allows 

responsible fishing, with a minimum of bycatch. 

Photo © : Seanova 

High quality partners 

Seanova can rely on the high quality of its 

partners to perform and maintain a upmost 

level of standards in terms of quality, efficiency, 

responsibility and sustainable development. 

A long-term strategic alliance with its 

suppliers guarantees full traceability from 

source to finished ingredients. Preserving 

the resources and well-being of the oceans 

begins with choosing the best quality and 

having real ethics. 

The traceability of raw materials must be 

perfect. The raw materials must come 

from the revaluation of fishing to avoid the 

problems of wasting resources. They must 

respect the reproduction cycles of species in 

order to guarantee their sustainability. 

The company has partnered with the leaders 

of marine ingredients. These partners use 

certified eco-responsible fishing techniques 

that respect the environment (no by-catch of 

species such as dolphins, whales, etc.). 

No. 2 August/September 2021

Marine oils 

By conscientiously promoting marine biodiversity, 

Seanova aims to minimize the impact 

of humans on the marine environment. 

Seanova supports several ambitious projects 

for the protection of marine environments, 

the repopulation of the oceans and the restoration 

of the biodiversity of coastal reefs: 

Iodysséus: Seanova joined the Iodysséus 

adventure in 2019. The program called 

“Objectif bloom”, launched by skipper Eric 

Defert, is unique. This is an offshore race, in 

a trimaran, 100 % dedicated to performance 

and scientific research on marine aerosols. 

Photo © : Calanus 

With the Novel Food status obtained in 2017, this oil differs from that 

of fish and krill by its biomedical effects and its unique composition. 

Zooca ® Oil has been shown (clinical studies and supporting scientific 

literature) to have beneficial properties in preventing widespread 

health issues associated with an unhealthy Western lifestyle. 

AkerBiomarine ® : Specialist in products derived from krill, 

AkerBioMarine ® uses ecological harvesting technology (Eco- 

Harvesting ® ) to maintain the nutritional integrity of these crustaceans 

and minimize the environmental impact. Their krill oil is certified ecoresponsible 

by the Marine Stewarship Council (MSC) and received 

an exceptional A rating 6 years in a row by SFP (Sustainable Fishery 

Partnership). 

It is the sole krill supplier who controls the entire harvesting and 

production process, from sea to capsule. AkerBioMarine ® thus offers 

high quality ingredients with a high content of healthy active ingredients: 

phospholipids, omega-3 fatty acids, choline and astaxanthin. In 

2020, Seanova developed a new strategic partnership with Algamo. 

Algamo: Established in 2011, Algamo is a specialist in the cultivation 

of algae and in the extraction of astaxanthin. The only producer in 

Central Europe, Algamo has chosen to settle in a mountainous region, 

which is a perfect place to ensure the production of ecologi cal, 100 % 

pure and excellent quality astaxanthin. This astaxanthin extracted 

from Haematococcus Pluvialis is grown and produced in Europe and 

has the EU organic certification. It is unique. This partnership allows 

Seanova to expand its plant-based, certified organic product range. 

The program consists of collecting data on 

the health of the seas and oceans by study ing 

the spring bloom of the North Atlantic, i. e. 

the seasonal efflorescence of photosynthetic 

microalgae that absorb, globally on a planetary 

scale, a third of the excess CO 2 

emitted 

in the atmosphere and producing 50 % of 

the oxygen essential to life. 

Iodysséus brings to land a rich palette of 

microbiological samples taken in vivo in 

marine aerosols under real conditions of 

rough seas. Those samples are likely to help 

increase the knowledge about the partnership 

between the ocean and the climate, 

in a context marked today by urgency. The 

Iodysséus program has just been recognized 

by the United Nations as an ocean science 

program for sustainable development. 

Nurseries for young fish: It is the study of 

species and their environment: supported 

by the founder of Seanova, Stéphane 

Lozachmeur, this project aims to make 

existing port infrastructures biocompatible. 

Very close to Seanova's, the port of Bénodet, 

in southern Finistère, was in 2018 the first 

Protection of marine environments 

The impact of humans is can be seen in the whole food chain, starting 

in the ocean. Oceans regenerate naturally. The key to sustainability is 

to ensure that we are not depleting our ocean's resources faster than 

they can be replenished. 


Marine oils 

port on the Atlantic coast to be equipped 

with such a device. 

Seanova supported the Ecocean company, 

which created the Biohut ® , artificial nur series 

for young fish. In the form of steel modules 

filled with oyster shells, the Biohut ® are 

suspended under the pontoons and become 

oases of life among pleasure boats. 

Strong bones 

for life! 

Thanks to the different types of existing artificial 

nurseries, the quays, dikes, pontoons, as 

well as all the coastal facilities become real 

refuges for many aquatic species. The ports 

thus contribute to the improvement of biodiversity 

within their environment. 

Mother Of the Sea: In order to go further in 

its commitment towards the environment, 

Seanova sponsors an association called 

Mother of the Sea. 

Its mission is to collect the eggs of wild fish 

species (such as sea bass, place, sole, etc.), 

to fertilize them with wild spawners, then 

to protect them in seawater pools for about 

7 weeks. The juveniles are then released 

at sea. 

“We are thus promoting the survival rate, 

which drops from 0.2 % in the natural environment 

to 20 % thanks to Mother of the Sea. 

In other words, out of 1 million eggs, 200,000 

will reach sexual maturity thanks to MOS, 

instead of 2,000. We are really committed to 

taking advantage of the science of contemporary 

aquaculture to develop the restoration 

of the natural environment that so exploited! 

As a first-rate actor for the preservation of 

the marine environment, we have a message 

of hope for the younger generations and 

wish to show them that we can act in order 

to develop a positive impact on marine 

ecology”, specifies the founder of Seanova. 

Seanova's ambition: to be an actor involved 

in marine ecology. 


Stéphane LOZACHMEUR 

contact@seanova.fr 

SEANOVA 

7 chemin de Kilourin 29170 Pleuven, France 

www.seanova.fr 

Osteum is a brand of Ingredia 


31

Skin health 

Groundbreaking new study shows 

Pycnogenol ® may help retain skin moisture 

and elasticity, increase skin lightening, 

and reinforce skin barrier function 

New published research builds on decades of established science demonstrating extensive benefits of 

Pycnogenol ® , a natural antioxidant for skin health 

Just in time for summer, researchers have found how the 

natural super-antioxidant Pycnogenol ® can safeguard your 

skin from seasonal changes and environmental stress. A 

new peer reviewed, randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled 

crossover study shows that daily supplementation 

with Pycnogenol ® French maritime pine bark extract may 

help to significantly retain skin hydration, increase skin elasticity, 

and reinforce skin barrier function for those exposed to 

urban environmental pollution, as well as seasonal temperature 

and humidity variations. In addition, the study found 

Pycnogenol ® to increase skin lightening during seasonal 

changes when dark spots can emerge. 

“So many of us are awaiting this summer to truly enjoy the outdoors 

after a brutal winter and a long pandemic year. I personally cannot 

wait to be outside, and that means we have 

to be proactive in protecting our skin from 

heat, humidity, solar radiation, and pollution,” 

says renowned natural health physician 

and author, Dr. Fred Pescatore. “This 

new study shows that daily supplementation 

with Pycnogenol ® counteracts damaging 

environmental stress factors and improves 

skin barrier function, even when exposed to 

rigid conditions.” 

Published in Skin Pharmacology Physiology, 

this study tested 76 participants, 57 of whom 

were women, with an average age of 41. The 

test group was comprised of workers who 


Skin health 

spent long hours outdoors in Beijing, China 

and were exposed to urban air pollution and 

environmental stress as well as seasonal 

changes in temperature and humidity from 

April to November. Two groups were tested 

in the study: a verum and a placebo group. 

During the first 12 weeks, from April to July, 

the rainy season, the verum group supplemented 

orally with 100 mg of Pycnogenol ® 

daily. After a 1-week washout period, participants 

were crossed over from verum to 

placebo and vice versa for another 12-week 

study phase of a dry autumn period. 

Researchers measured the skin moisture 

content of the participants with the Corneometer 

® skin moisture tester. Transepidermal 

water loss (TEWL) was measured with the 

Tewameter ® , and skin elasticity was measured 

with the Cutometer ® . 

Results showed that daily oral supplementation with 100 mg of 

Pycnogenol ® for 12 weeks from April to July, during the wet season, 

provided a striking improvement of significant skin concerns, 

including: 

– 7 % improvement in skin elasticity 

(vs 1 % increase in the placebo group) 

– 7 % improvement in skin firmness 

(vs 3 % decrease in the placebo group) 

Additionally, during phase 2, from July to October, during the dry 

season, daily oral supplementation with 100 mg of Pycnogenol ® 

showed: 

– 13.8 % increase in skin lightening 

(vs 0.8 % decrease in the placebo group) 

– 14 % decreased in transepidermal water 

loss (TEWL), indicating a significant 

improvement of skin barrier function 

(vs 4.5 % increase in the placebo group) 

– 3.3 % decrease of skin moisture 

(vs 14 % decrease in the placebo group) 

– 13 % improvement in skin elasticity 


– 13 % improvement in skin firmness 


This corroborates with previous research that has shown 

Pycnogenol ® ’s unique ability to promote collagen and hyaluronic acid 

production within the skin. Indeed, in a clini cal study Pycnogenol ® 

revealed increased hyaluronic acid synthase levels by 44 %. The 

hyaluronic acid synthase is the natural source of water-binding hyaluronic 

acid in the dermis. 


33

Skin health 

This study builds on a body of clini cal research 

supporting the benefits of Pycnogenol ® as 

a natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidative 

ingredient. To review clinical research 

and additional information on Pycnogenol ® , 

visit www.pycnogenol.com. Pycnogenol ® is 

available in more than 1,000 dietary supplements 

and health products worldwide. 

“Pycnogenol ® has a deep catalog of research for skin health, and 

this study builds upon decades of existing science to show that oral 

supplementation with Pycnogenol ® can make a significant difference 

in skin health and appearance, even in strenuous environmental 

conditions,” said Dr. Pescatore. 

In the study, researchers concluded that this research “strongly indicates 

that people exposed to high levels of environmental stress will 

benefit from the regular intake of Pycnogenol ® .” The authors propose 

that oral intake of Pycnogenol ® may represent one easy-to-use 

strategy, which can be used to benefit the human skin in individuals 

living in an urban environment. 

“As a doctor, I routinely have conversations with patients about the 

importance of protecting their skin year-round. I regularly recommend 

Pycnogenol ® and this study reinforces why,” says Dr. Pescatore. 

About Pycnogenol ® 

Pycnogenol ® is a natural plant extract originating from the bark of the 

maritime pine that grows along the coast of southwest France and 

is found to contain a unique combination of procyanidins, bioflavonoids 

and phenolic acids, which offer extensive natural health benefits. 

The extract has been widely studied for the past 40 years and 

has more than 450 published studies and review articles ensuring 

safety and efficacy as an ingredient. Today, Pycno genol ® is available 

in more than 1,000 dietary supplements and health pro ducts worldwide. 

For more information, visit www.pycnogenol.com. 

About Horphag Research 

Horphag Research is the exclusive worldwide distributor for 

Pycnogenol ® (pic-noj-en-all) brand French maritime pine bark 

extract. Pycnogenol ® is a registered trademark of Horphag Research. 

For its patented ingredient, Pycnogenol ® , Horphag Research has 

been awarded the Frost & Sullivan Excellence in Research Award, 

Nutraceutical Business & Technology Safety & Quality Award, 

SupplySide West Scientific Excellence Award and The American 

Botanical Council’s Tyler Research Award. Horphag Research has 

the exclusive rights to market and sell Pycnogenol ® worldwide and 

benefits from more than 40 years of scientific research assuring the 

safety and efficacy of Pycnogenol ® as a dietary supplement. 


www.pycnogenol.com 

Impressum 

ISSN 2364-8104 

Wellness Foods & Supplements | No. 2/2021 

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