Senior Design Expo 2022

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Civil Engineering & Engineering Mechanics Lion’s Den Fitness and Wellness Center Noufel Benteftifa, Spencer Good, Alison Selman, Rachel Wolf, Maen Yusuf Advisor: Tom Panayotidi New York City is recovering from the global pandemic, and people are moving back to New York with a renewed dedication to maintaining their personal health. Wellness is coming to the forefront of people’s priority lists, and fitness classes and gym memberships are recovering after fitness was moved online. In an effort to capitalize on the health craze, we propose constructing a high-end fitness and wellness center on the west side of Manhattan. In the heart of Hell’s Kitchen at 354 W 52nd St, there is currently an available lot of .35 acres. The plot has a frontage on 51st and 52nd street, and the proposed gym will be a 4 story building with a rock wall extending to the roof. There will be a basement with a pool, as well as a green roof with a small garden, and a soccer field. The objective of this project is to develop a profitable fitness center, while also considering sustainability in construction and operations. The main structure dimensions are 75 ft by 102 ft and the height above ground will be 56 ft and 13 ft extending below ground. This totals 527,850 square feet of gym space. A main feature of the gym is the 4-story rock wall, which will be one of the tallest rock walls in New York City. The basement houses a pool and mineral baths, while the first floor houses a smoothie bar and cafe area, as well as a beautiful lobby check-in space. The second floor will be the locker rooms, and the third floor will contain the cardio machines, weight area, and gym equipment. The fourth floor will house the studios that will be used for spinning, yoga, dance, and pilates classes. The main floor will have a walkway extending from the 51st street frontage and the walkway will be a 99 ft glass archway that is 20 feet in diameter with greenery and seating for the smoothie bar. The structural design was executed using the software SAP2000 for the structural component. The structure consists of steel framing and bracing with concrete slabs. The geotechnical component was completed using hand calculations. For the environmental component, LEED standards will be met. A component of this is the green roof that was designed to capture rainwater as well as vertical hydroponic greenery that is placed throughout the building. Construction Management components of the schedule, cost estimate, and delivery method were completed and detailed in the report. A physical model of the building was constructed using a scale of 1:25, with the main building dimensions being approximately 3’x4’x3’. Keywords: structure, steel frame, concrete, combined footing, LEED, green roof 16
Earth & Environmental Engineering Feasibility of PFAS Destruction Through Catalytic Incineration Isabela Yepes, Brooke Bakish, Charmane Gabriel, Griffin Deans Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of man-made chemicals that contain a fluorinated carbon backbone which makes them exceptionally resistant to degradation, resulting in their widespread use in water, heat, and stick-resistant consumer products. Despite the fact that they present a direct risk to human health and ecosystems, these chemicals continue to be manufactured and accumulate in the environment. Thermal destruction at temperatures above 900 o C is currently the only commercially viable method to destroy PFAS at scale. Unfortunately, such higher temperatures result in higher energy consumption, costs, and greenhouse gas emissions. Drawing from research on the use of calcium compounds to catalyze PFAS destruction, we propose the use of a catalytic oxidizer with a calcium oxide bed and 500-700 o C operating temperature to destroy fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) volatilized from an industrial fabric coating process. This design is compared to a conventional, non catalytic thermal oxidizer with a 750-1000 o C operating temperature using a simplified life cycle matrix analysis (SLCA). Results show that the use of calcium oxide would lead to reductions in energy consumption and produce a less hazardous final fluorine residual (calcium fluoride as opposed to hydrogen fluoride). As for costs, the catalytic system requires greater capital investment than the non catalytic system, indicating that further research is required to lower calcium oxide catalytic oxidizer system costs. Finally, more research is needed to determine the effectiveness of calcium compound-catalyzed thermal destruction for a greater diversity of PFAS and characterize the effects of co-contaminants and operating parameters. This would enable the design of systems for catalytically treating PFAS volatilized from contaminated soils and other media. Moss Could Save the Subway Abigail Cawley, Justin Paik, Melissa Emerson, Zico Gharrafi, Perfect Eadric As one of the world’s most frequented subway systems, the air quality in the NYC subway stations is of utmost importance. High levels of particulate matter in the stations may put the health of riders and MTA employees at risk. In most stations, filtration is reliant on the mechanical air circulation caused by the movement of the trains; however, researchers and anecdotal evidence suggest that ambient circulation might not be enough. In this project, we explore the viability of moss, a nature-based solution as a more environmentally friendly filtration method in the subway system. Within the Union Square subway station, we first conducted air quality testing for heavy metals in the air at various sample locations. Analyzing this data showed that heavy metals were not the PM category of most concern, so we requested additional testing in the future for the PM2.5 category. We followed these results with comparative designs of moss filtration and conventional filtration where we looked at required materials and filtration rates of PM2.5 in the station air. Our findings suggest that moss is a potentially suitable filtration method in terms of filtering ability and cost; however, limited literature on the efficacy requires additional lab testing. Therefore, our report also outlines lab modeling and proposes simulation designs to test the efficacy of moss in the future. 17
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