Nuclear Fragmentation Reactions from Research to Applications
Nuclear Fragmentation Reactions from Research to Applications
Nuclear Fragmentation Reactions from Research to Applications
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Centenary of <strong>Nuclear</strong> Physics<br />
Planetary Model<br />
In 1911, analyzing results of famous<br />
experiment on α scattering off gold<br />
foil (Geiger and Marsden, 1909),<br />
Rutherford came <strong>to</strong> the conclusion<br />
that the so-called "plum pudding<br />
model" of J. J. Thomson was wrong,<br />
and proposed a new planetary model<br />
of the a<strong>to</strong>m.: tiny electrons circling<br />
around a heavy nucleus (red).<br />
In 1913 Niels Bohr has introduced<br />
quantum mechanics in<strong>to</strong> this model<br />
by postulating stationary electron<br />
orbits<br />
R(a<strong>to</strong>m)~1Å=10 -10 m, ΔE~1 eV<br />
R(nucleus)~10 fm, ΔE~1 MeV<br />
Ernest Rutherford<br />
(1871 – 1937)<br />
1908 Nobel Prize in<br />
Chemistry “for his<br />
investigations in<strong>to</strong> the<br />
disintegration of the<br />
elements, and the<br />
chemistry of radioactive<br />
substances"
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