Implementing-cryptography-using-python

280 Index ■ E–H
Diffie, Whitfield, 162, 224
Diffie-Hellman class file, creating,
270–275
Diffie-Hellman key exchange
implementing of, 261–276
overview, 242–245
purpose of, 34
as used by TLS, 33
digest() method, 204
dir(), 28
direct authentication, 35
division / operator, 12
DO (data obfuscation), 69–72
double quote ("), 11
downloading and installing, Python, 3–8
E
ECB mode (formerly Electronic Codebook),
158–159, 180, 181–185
ECC keys, generating, 240–241
Ehrsam, W. F., 159
Electronic Codebook (now ECB mode),
158–159
electronic money, 33
elements, orders of, 107–109
El-Gamal encryption, 235–238
elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)
generating ECC keys, 240–241
key lengths and curves, 241–242
overview, 238–240
elliptic curves, 238–239
Ellis, James, 225
else loop, 18–19
ENC algorithm, 2
encode() methods, 71
encoding matrix, 117
Encrypt and Authenticate, 210–211
Encrypt Then Authenticate, 211
encryption
constructing BLOB encryption with RSA
certificates, 232–235
constructing simple text encryption with
RSA certificates, 231–232
El-Gamal encryption, 235–238
MAC encryption, 200–201
symmetric encryption, 8, 36, 39, 49, 176,
215–218
encryption key (K), 2
encryption protocols, as another name for
cryptographic protocols, 32
entity authentication, 35
eSTREAM, 145
Euler’s theorem, 100, 111–114
exponent ** operator, 12
extend() method, 24
F
FA (frequency analysis), 48–49, 120–123
FCS (Frame Check Sequence), 58–59
Federal Information Processing Standards
Publication (FIPS PUB 180-4), 205
Feistel cipher/Feistel network, 165–166
Ferguson, Niels, 162
Fermat’s little theorem, 100, 110–111
Fernet
file cryptography using, 175–179
image cryptography using, 179–180
Fernet library, 175
file operations, 19
files
decryption of using AES, 169
downloading using Python, 27–28
encryption of using AES, 169
use of, 19
FIPS PUB 180-4 (Federal Information
Processing Standards Publication),
205
Flexible Image Transport System (FITS), 3,
195–197
floor division// operator, 12
for loop, 17
forgeries, crafting of, 209–210
forward secrecy (FS), 60
Frame Check Sequence (FCS), 58–59
frequency, determination of, 126–129
frequency analysis (FA), 48–49, 120–123
functions, custom functions, 26–27
G
GEN algorithm, 2
greatest common divisor (GCD), 96–97,
111
group axioms, 106
group law, 106
group theory
orders of elements, 107–109
overview, 106–107
groups, concept of, 106
H
hash code, 67
hash function, 58
Hash-based Message Authentication Code
(HMAC)
binary digests, 204–205
CBC-MAC, 206–207
described, 60
message digest with SHA, 203–204
overview, 201–202
using HMAC to sign message, 202–203