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2023 MIT IDE Annual Report

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AI RISING


LETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR<br />

ALL IN ON AI<br />

In <strong>2023</strong>, our research team doubled down on efforts to analyze,<br />

test, forecast and discuss AI advancements and challenges<br />

We continue<br />

to stay both<br />

vigilant and<br />

cutting-edge.<br />

SINAN ARAL<br />

DIRECTOR, <strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong><br />

In the eight years since the <strong>MIT</strong> Initiative on the Digital<br />

Economy began its research efforts, digital technologies have<br />

transformed society, business and the economy, creating the<br />

internet-everything world we know today. There also were more<br />

than a few flameouts and slow burns. But AI is firmly in the<br />

transformative category; it appears to be here to stay.<br />

Led by the meteoric rise of large language models (LLMs) and<br />

ChatGPT, AI is taking on mainstream businesses and society<br />

as a whole. Accenture’s AI Services’ group notes that 97% of<br />

executives surveyed in June <strong>2023</strong> said generative AI will be<br />

“transformative to their company and industry.” Fully 95% of<br />

organizations are increasing their AI investments.<br />

In today’s smart world, voice, touch and sensors of all kinds<br />

understand us and anticipate our thoughts and actions. The<br />

potential is vast.<br />

While <strong>2023</strong> was pivotal for the rise of AI, various iterations of<br />

the technology have been in development for decades. Along<br />

the way, there have been many hyped-up expectations and false<br />

starts—but also many notable successes. The <strong>IDE</strong> predicted<br />

a machine-learning boom at our 2018 <strong>Annual</strong> Conference,<br />

delivering a presentation about sports stories written by an AI<br />

assistant. We continue to stay both vigilant and cutting-edge.<br />

Our research team has doubled down on efforts to analyze, test,<br />

forecast and discuss AI advancements, as well as the risks that<br />

an AI-centric world may offer.<br />

Renée Richardson Gosline’s work on including humans in<br />

the loop and creating friction to make optimized decisions<br />

is a great example of our research efforts. Similarly, John<br />

Horton’s two research studies—one on algorithmic writing<br />

assistance for job seekers and the other on using LLMs<br />

as simulated economic agents—are both fascinating. Neil<br />

Thompson is breaking new ground with his analysis of AI<br />

scaling scenarios. David Rand is part of an <strong>MIT</strong> committee<br />

offering policy recommendations on AI governance. As these<br />

efforts indicate, we’re committed to the rigorous study of both<br />

the promises and perils that AI may bring.<br />

At the same time, we’re keeping a watchful eye on the critical<br />

issues of misinformation, digital experimentation, distributed<br />

technologies and platform marketplaces. This is reflected in our<br />

prominent research publications, events and education. Rand’s<br />

work on misinformation is prolific. Dean Eckles’ development of<br />

new data-analytics mechanisms is broadening the scope of uses.<br />

The work of Thompson, Jonathan Ruane and Andrew McAfee on<br />

quantum computing is eye-opening. And Alex “Sandy” Pentland<br />

continues to illuminate new paths into our digital future.<br />

There’s a lot more underway for 2024, thanks to the support of<br />

our stakeholders—generous donors, foundations, and corporate<br />

supporters. It’s been refreshing to see you in person again, and<br />

we look forward to leaping with you into the AI future.<br />

Thank you for keeping the <strong>IDE</strong>’s critical work front and center.<br />

SINAN ARAL<br />

DIRECTOR<br />

INS<strong>IDE</strong><br />

4 <strong>2023</strong> HIGHLIGHTS<br />

6 ANALYZING: RESEARCH<br />

9 ACHIEVING: RECOGNITION & AWARDS<br />

10 CONVENING: EVENTS<br />

13 EDUCATING<br />

14 LEADING<br />

16 LETTER FROM THE EXECUTIVE<br />

DIRECTOR<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 3


GEEKING OUT<br />

In November, <strong>IDE</strong><br />

co-director Andrew<br />

McAfee launched his<br />

new book, The Geek<br />

Way, to much acclaim.<br />

Andy was featured on<br />

numerous podcasts,<br />

where he spoke about<br />

eschewing bureaucracy<br />

and cultural sclerosis for<br />

what he calls “the geek<br />

way” in business.<br />

INAUGURAL THINKER-FEST EVENT<br />

In many ways, <strong>2023</strong> was outstanding for the <strong>IDE</strong>.<br />

We kicked off the year with the first <strong>MIT</strong> Thinker-<br />

Fest event, melding the academic resources of<br />

the <strong>IDE</strong> with the brainpower of the Thinkers50<br />

community. This event attracted more than 800<br />

virtual attendees worldwide.<br />

At this year’s Platform Strategy Summit, Lindsey Gamble<br />

(center) of Mavrck shared his perspective about the huge<br />

growth of the creator community. Ansley Williams (left)<br />

of Ogilvy was also on the panel, which was moderated by<br />

event co-chair Peter C. Evans (right).<br />

<strong>2023</strong> IN REVIEW<br />

A YEAR OF CONVENING,<br />

COLLABORATING,<br />

EDUCATING AND LEADING<br />

We brought together global experts from academia, industry,<br />

government and nonprofits to share diverse opinions and experiences<br />

A STRONGER COLLABORATION<br />

In <strong>2023</strong>, we solidified our collaboration with founding<br />

member Accenture by co-authoring papers on cloud<br />

computing, quantum computing and responsible AI.<br />

In addition, Accenture leaders participated in <strong>IDE</strong> events<br />

and forums throughout the year.<br />

MEDIUM GROWS LARGER<br />

The <strong>IDE</strong>’s research projects and events continue to garner<br />

global attention from the press and media, advancing<br />

the public’s understanding of the digital economy. Our<br />

channels experienced widespread growth as we promoted<br />

content across LinkedIn, Medium, X, Instagram and our<br />

website and video channels.<br />

Our audience has grown to more than 9,000 followers<br />

on Medium—double the number from a year ago—and<br />

engagement is up. Among our most-viewed blogs of<br />

<strong>2023</strong> were posts on social media platforms of the future<br />

and ChatGPT.<br />

BACK IN THE FLESH<br />

After a few years of virtual-only events, we were<br />

happy to meet attendees both in person and virtually<br />

this year with excellent response and participation.<br />

The Social Media Summit engaged 17,000 virtual<br />

attendees while the Platform Strategy Summit<br />

attracted nearly 200 participants. Overall, we<br />

boosted our engagement with audiences while also<br />

welcoming new members and partners.<br />

IN THE MEDIA<br />

Director Sinan Aral was a sought-after commentator<br />

on national and global media, including MSNBC and<br />

Yahoo!Finance, where he called President Biden’s<br />

AI Executive Order “big, bold and broad.” Other<br />

<strong>IDE</strong> group leaders led timely conversations about<br />

their work, too. That included Neil Thompson in an<br />

interview with Politico, David Rand with Thinkers50,<br />

and Alex “Sandy” Pentland speaking at the Boston<br />

Global Forum.<br />

A-LAB KEEPS WINNING<br />

The <strong>IDE</strong>’s flagship educational offering—the Analytics<br />

Lab (A-Lab)—continues to attract both students and<br />

project hosts. The year’s class included 93 graduate<br />

students and 22 projects hosted by 18 companies.<br />

The winning team represented Akkodis.<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 4 <strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 5


ANALYZING<br />

RESEARCH BUILDS A<br />

STRONG FOUNDATION<br />

The insights and studies produced by <strong>IDE</strong> research groups<br />

frame critical and timely topics facing the digital economy<br />

With AI taking center stage in <strong>2023</strong>, concerns<br />

about GPT misuse, regulation and competition<br />

were debated globally. These topics also<br />

informed our research agenda. The more<br />

technology’s role in society was top-of-mind<br />

and hotly debated, the more valuable the <strong>IDE</strong>’s<br />

work became. Our leaders are primary sources<br />

for data, research, analysis and insights on the<br />

state of AI, including its impact on society.<br />

We continue our<br />

rigorous focus<br />

across eight<br />

research groups.<br />

VIEW OUR LATEST RESEARCH PROJECTS AT <strong>IDE</strong>.<strong>MIT</strong>.EDU<br />

HUMAN-FIRST AI<br />

RENÉE RICHARDSON<br />

GOSLINE<br />

Renée Richardson Gosline leads this research group<br />

which examines human-AI interaction through the lens<br />

of behavioral science. The group’s research focuses on<br />

the symbiosis between humans and AI, as well as the<br />

competitive advantages possible by creating this synergy<br />

in the right context. This includes human-AI interactions to<br />

shape systems that place humans first, encouraging optimal<br />

decision making, and prioritizing responsible innovation.<br />

The group’s research topics also include human trust of AI<br />

algorithms, algorithmic bias, and mutual learning between<br />

humans and algorithms. Using experiments and mixedmethod<br />

approaches, the group also proffers strategic,<br />

policy and behavioral solutions.<br />

As organizations experience rapid digital transformation,<br />

the effective adoption of AI by employees, partners and<br />

customers becomes essential to achieving a competitive<br />

advantage. Society must also place the welfare of humans<br />

first, to maximize the benefits of human-AI collaboration<br />

and reduce harm.<br />

ANDREW<br />

McAFEE<br />

TECHNOLOGY-DRIVEN ORGANIZATIONS<br />

AND DIGITAL CULTURE<br />

This research group, previously focusing on Tech for Good,<br />

is expanding to include the culture and impact of tech-driven<br />

organizations. How can technology continue to drive positive<br />

progress in our world? As organizations embrace AI, what<br />

other changes must take place?<br />

Technology is the most disruptive force in human history,<br />

ushering in unprecedented health, convenience and<br />

prosperity. At the same time, innovation is accompanied<br />

by the potential for peril. Leadership must evolve and<br />

constantly reframe the conversation. That means asking not<br />

only, “What will technology do to our economy, society and<br />

environment?” but also, “What will we do with technology?”<br />

This research group amplifies the <strong>IDE</strong>’s ongoing position<br />

that faster, more inclusive technology progress and access—<br />

not a slowdown—is needed to meet both current and future<br />

needs. The group is led by Andrew McAfee, whose new book,<br />

The Geek Way, points to an emerging body of research.<br />

DEAN<br />

ECKLES<br />

DAVID<br />

RAND<br />

ALEX “SANDY”<br />

PENTLAND<br />

JOHN<br />

HORTON<br />

NEW DATA ANALYTICS<br />

How do AI algorithms affect purchasing behavior? How<br />

do you assess the efficacy of short-term interventions<br />

that aim for a long-term outcome, like reducing customer<br />

churn? What happens to an individual and community’s<br />

economic outcomes when those individuals move to a<br />

new state or country?<br />

These and other questions are being examined by the<br />

New Data Analytics research group’s experimental and<br />

observational studies. Headed by Dean Eckles, the group<br />

employs applied statistics, experimental design, machine<br />

learning and causal inference to understand how new<br />

technologies and means of social interaction impact<br />

productivity, consumer demand, political mobilization<br />

and public health. This includes impacts on consumer<br />

demand, information sharing, worker productivity and<br />

even stock prices.<br />

MISINFORMATION & FAKE NEWS<br />

Why do people share inaccurate content online? What<br />

can be done to reduce the spread of misinformation and<br />

fake news? These topics continue to perplex researchers<br />

seeking better solutions—whether in healthcare, politics,<br />

news or social media.<br />

Cognitive science research and digital field experiments<br />

are the tools this research group, led by David Rand, uses<br />

to advance the fight against online misinformation. The<br />

group sheds light on how people decide what to believe<br />

and share. Then it leverages these insights to design antimisinformation<br />

interventions that include labeling, accuracy<br />

prompts, source identification and the wisdom of crowds.<br />

This research group runs experiments to test the impact<br />

of these interventions, and it collaborates with technology<br />

companies including Google and Meta to translate science<br />

into real-world actions. The group was influential in <strong>2023</strong>,<br />

with more than a dozen peer-reviewed research journals.<br />

BUILDING A DISTRIBUTED ECONOMY<br />

This research group, led by Alex “Sandy” Pentland,<br />

studies how finance, manufacturing, data and human<br />

resources are managed in a distributed world.<br />

The traditional roles of corporations and employees<br />

are being transformed in ways that include decentralized<br />

autonomous organizations, or DAOs. The group’s research<br />

focuses on how organizations can coordinate employees<br />

and companies to optimize both efficiency and robustness<br />

in this fast-changing environment.<br />

This group also examines software and legal infrastructure<br />

for supporting distributed organizations; and the practical<br />

protocols that allow the audit of supply chains for carbon<br />

tracking, fraud detection and legal compliance. In 2024,<br />

the group will study how well these methods work in real<br />

environments to inform, guide and shape critical decisions<br />

by industry, government and society.<br />

AI, MARKETPLACES AND LABOR<br />

ECONOMICS<br />

This research group led by John Horton explores the<br />

prevalence and importance of online marketplaces and<br />

computer-mediated transactions. The group also asks:<br />

How can these marketplaces be designed to create<br />

widespread benefits for all?<br />

The research aims to understand the rise and growth of<br />

online marketplaces. It also seeks to guide incumbent<br />

and startup companies toward successful platform<br />

strategies and best practices. Given that many of these<br />

platforms are focused on shared labor, there are many<br />

compelling questions about practice, benefits, strategy<br />

and public policy.<br />

The accelerant of AI raises further questions about how<br />

job seekers can optimize new aids such as ChatGPT.<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 6 <strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 7


RESEARCH BUILDS A STRONG FOUNDATION CONTINUED<br />

SINAN<br />

ARAL<br />

NEIL<br />

THOMPSON<br />

ACHIEVING<br />

RECOGNITION & AWARDS<br />

<strong>IDE</strong> research and researchers have been lauded within<br />

and outside of the <strong>MIT</strong> community<br />

GENERATIVE AI & DECENTRALIZATION<br />

This research group is dedicated to understanding how<br />

generative, decentralizing technologies such as GenAI<br />

and blockchain affect power, scalability, productivity<br />

and the promise of an inclusive and prosperous digital<br />

future. The group has expanded its previous focus on<br />

Web3 architectures to now include the latest technology<br />

shifts. This newly refocused research group is led by <strong>IDE</strong><br />

Director Sinan Aral.<br />

One of the group’s large-scale projects seeks to precisely<br />

measure the productivity improvements offered by GenAI<br />

to knowledge workers.<br />

When we are thinking<br />

about ‘should AI do a<br />

task?’ it’s not really a<br />

question of ‘could an AI<br />

do a task?’ It’s whether<br />

the process of combining<br />

AI with human capabilities<br />

is worth the effort.<br />

JOHN HORTON<br />

AI, MARKETPLACES AND LABOR<br />

ECONOMICS RESEARCH LEAD<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong><br />

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, QUANTUM<br />

AND BEYOND<br />

IT innovations have transformed our lives and created<br />

enormous prosperity for society. But how are these<br />

technologies changing and how fast will we need<br />

to adapt?<br />

This research group, led by Neil Thompson, explores<br />

the biggest trends that shape IT, from Moore’s Law<br />

to the emergence of AI Scaling Laws. The team of<br />

computer scientists, engineers and economists uses<br />

an interdisciplinary lens to view computing progress<br />

and identify the most important trends, impacts<br />

and opportunities. By exploring key computing<br />

technologies—including AI, specialized chips, quantum<br />

computers and algorithms—the team also generates<br />

insights that business leaders can use to promote and<br />

sustain greater prosperity.<br />

We also ask how important new technologies, such<br />

as quantum computing, will be. We focus on two<br />

lenses for our work: What are the fundamental drivers<br />

of technology change? What will these mean for the<br />

evolution of firms and the prosperity of society?<br />

KEY INSIGHTS<br />

3 TOP AI<br />

CONCERNS<br />

Panelists at <strong>MIT</strong>’s <strong>2023</strong><br />

Conference on Digital<br />

Experimentation (CoDE)<br />

raised several key challenges<br />

resulting from the rapid<br />

development of GenAI tools.<br />

Chief among these concerns<br />

were biased reasoning, a<br />

lack of data transparency<br />

in training data and<br />

worries about human job<br />

displacement.<br />

BIASED REASONING<br />

LACK OF TRAINING<br />

DATA TRANSPARENCY<br />

HUMAN LABOR<br />

REPLACEMENT<br />

Left: Thinkers50 Co-founder Des Dearlove (left) with <strong>IDE</strong><br />

Director Sinan Aral at the Thinker-Fest event.<br />

Right: <strong>IDE</strong> researchers Geoffrey Parker and Marshall Van<br />

Alstyne at the Thinkers50 awards in London.<br />

THINKERS50 AWARDS<br />

David Rand, an <strong>MIT</strong> Sloan professor and <strong>IDE</strong> research group leader,<br />

was nominated for the Thinkers50 Digital Thinking Award, which<br />

honors researchers who shed light on the digital reality of business.<br />

At the gala awards in London, Director Sinan Aral, along with <strong>IDE</strong><br />

Researcher Geoffrey Parker, Fellow Marshall Van Alstyne and co-<br />

Director Andrew McAfee, were also honored for topping the <strong>2023</strong><br />

Thinkers50 list.<br />

<strong>IDE</strong> DEEPENS COLLABORATION<br />

WITH ACCENTURE<br />

Accenture, a founding member of the <strong>IDE</strong>, has embarked on an<br />

extensive program of research and activities with <strong>IDE</strong> faculty,<br />

scientists and staff for nearly a decade. In <strong>2023</strong> this partnership<br />

focused on quantum computing (with Neil Thompson, Andrew<br />

McAfee and Jonathan Ruane); cloud computing (with Wang Jin<br />

and Sebastian Steffen); and responsible AI (with Renée<br />

Richardson Gosline).<br />

Looking ahead to 2024, Accenture and the <strong>IDE</strong> will continue their<br />

focus on quantum computing and responsible AI; we’ll also add<br />

a deeper exploration of GenAI and productivity improvements in<br />

knowledge work (with Sinan Aral).<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> POLICY COM<strong>MIT</strong>TEE<br />

In December, David Rand was also named to an <strong>MIT</strong><br />

policy committee that issued a series of briefs in a<br />

white paper about AI governance. The framework<br />

describes advances in auditing of new AI tools and calls<br />

for government approved, self-regulatory organizations,<br />

among other recommendations. Rand’s research work<br />

on AI content labels was also included.<br />

BEST PAPER<br />

Sukwoong Choi, an <strong>IDE</strong> postdoctoral associate,<br />

co-authored a study nominated for best paper at<br />

the International Conference on Computer and<br />

Information Science and Technology (CIST <strong>2023</strong>), held<br />

in October in Phoenix, Ariz. Choi co-wrote the paper,<br />

Standing on the Shoulders of AI: Pushing the Knowledge<br />

Frontier by Learning from AI, with Hyo Kang, Namil Kim,<br />

and Junsik Kim.<br />

HORTON GETS TENURE<br />

John Horton was granted tenure at <strong>MIT</strong> Sloan in<br />

May. Horton leads the <strong>IDE</strong>’s AI, Labor Economics &<br />

Online Marketplaces Research Group, and serves as<br />

the Richard S. Leghorn (1939) Career Development<br />

Professor and associate professor of information<br />

technologies at <strong>MIT</strong> Sloan. His research focuses on<br />

the intersection of labor economics, market design<br />

and information systems.<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 8 <strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 9


<strong>MIT</strong> PLATFORM STRATEGY SUM<strong>MIT</strong><br />

Nearly 200 in-person and virtual attendees heard a wide range of fresh<br />

perspectives at the <strong>MIT</strong> Platform Strategy Summit in July. Throughout the<br />

day, Summit co-leaders Geoffrey Parker, Peter Evans and Marshall Van<br />

Alstyne hosted AI industry executives, academics and regulatory experts.<br />

The consensus: Challenges and opportunities abound even as these<br />

powerful ecosystems consolidate and mature.<br />

SOCIAL MEDIA SUM<strong>MIT</strong> @ <strong>MIT</strong><br />

Nearly 17,000 virtual attendees joined the third annual Social Media Summit<br />

@<strong>MIT</strong> on May 23. The event featured a range of perspectives on reining in the<br />

rampant influence of digital life. <strong>IDE</strong> Director Sinan Aral and other speakers<br />

challenged users and platforms to revive the benefits of open public forums<br />

and tamp down the misinformation, bias and infractions. The event’s keynote<br />

was delivered by Christopher Graves, president of Ogilvy’s Behavioral Center,<br />

who outlined both the promises and risks of personality-based marketing.<br />

CONVENING<br />

GREAT<br />

MINDS<br />

JOIN<br />

TOGETHER<br />

Events continue to be the <strong>IDE</strong>’s<br />

primary means for amplifying our<br />

research insights far and wide<br />

In October, <strong>IDE</strong> Research Lead Neil Thompson<br />

(fifth from left, front row) hosted a workshop<br />

on AI scaling with industry practitioners.<br />

Going back more than 10 years,<br />

there are a number of ways<br />

businesses can benefit from<br />

human-machine collaboration.<br />

As this new era of generative AI<br />

comes into the workplace, I don’t<br />

see those benefits going away.<br />

H. JAMES WILSON<br />

GLOBAL MANAGING DIRECTOR,<br />

IT AND BUSINESS RESEARCH<br />

ACCENTURE<br />

SPEAKING AT THE <strong>2023</strong> <strong>MIT</strong><br />

PLATFORM STRATEGY SUM<strong>MIT</strong><br />

<strong>IDE</strong> SEMINAR SERIES<br />

THINKER-FEST<br />

The inaugural <strong>MIT</strong> Thinker-Fest event melded the academic resources of the <strong>IDE</strong><br />

with the brainpower of the Thinkers50 community. Sinan Aral hosted the virtual<br />

event on February 23 with more than 800 virtual attendees joining from around the<br />

globe. During the session, <strong>IDE</strong> leaders Renée Richardson Gosline and John Horton,<br />

along with scholars Geoffrey Parker and Marshall Van Alstyne, debated whether<br />

the splintered internet can be repaired, the state of remote work, and how to control<br />

AI bias. Other featured speakers included digital anthropologist Rahaf Harfoush,<br />

company founder Martin Lindstrom, and Dell VP of Engineering Jerry Carter.<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> PhD Candidate<br />

Zanele Munyikwa<br />

presented research<br />

on Generative AI at<br />

her seminar talk.<br />

Our informal seminars highlighted early results from<br />

current research projects and provocative ideas from<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> scholars and other researchers.<br />

SPRING <strong>2023</strong><br />

Raghav Narsalay<br />

Accenture<br />

John Micheal Van Reenen<br />

London School of Economics<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong><br />

Michael Luca<br />

Harvard Business School<br />

Bo Cowgill<br />

Columbia University<br />

Glen Weyl<br />

Microsoft<br />

Alex Moehring<br />

<strong>MIT</strong><br />

FALL <strong>2023</strong><br />

Chenhao Tan<br />

University of Chicago<br />

Georgios Petropolous<br />

<strong>MIT</strong><br />

Park Sinchaisri<br />

University of California,<br />

Berkeley<br />

Dokyun “DK” Lee<br />

Boston University<br />

Zanele Munyika<br />

<strong>MIT</strong><br />

<strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 10 <strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 11


EDUCATING<br />

LEADERS TEACH TOOLS<br />

TO NAVIGATE NEW TECH<br />

Business leaders can become students; students can collaborate<br />

with industry<br />

CONFERENCE ON DIGITAL EXPERIMENTATION (CoDE)<br />

How can experts design better AI? This and other technical questions were explored<br />

at the <strong>2023</strong> <strong>MIT</strong> Conference on Digital Experimentation (CoDE), held at <strong>MIT</strong> on<br />

November 10–11. The 10th annual event offered a mecca for those testing and<br />

proving the latest theories underlying emerging technologies. More than 300 in-person<br />

attendees heard presentations from 17 plenary speakers and 116 parallel sessions<br />

and poster presenters. The presentations, ranging from the general to the highly<br />

specialized, shared common focus areas: digital experimentation, the impact<br />

of advanced technology, and the benefits of collaboration and shared learning.<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> FUTURETECH WORKSHOP ON AI<br />

SCALING AND ITS IMPLICATIONS<br />

Vital questions about AI’s limits and challenges were<br />

explored at the <strong>2023</strong> <strong>MIT</strong> FutureTech Workshop on AI<br />

Scaling and Its Implications, held October 12–13 at<br />

the <strong>MIT</strong> Museum. This invitation-only event gathered<br />

over 70 prominent computer scientists, engineers and<br />

economists to discuss AI development, automation<br />

and more. Among the questions explored: Can AI<br />

continue to progress at the same rapid pace we’ve<br />

seen in the last few years? And if so, should it?<br />

Neil Thompson, Director of <strong>MIT</strong> FutureTech and an<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> research lead, led a discussion on research<br />

prioritization with the aim of shaping new research<br />

project agendas.<br />

Other speakers at the workshop included Pamela<br />

Fine Mishkin of Open AI; Eric Drexler of the<br />

University of Oxford; Dan Hendrycks of the Centre<br />

for AI Safety; and Jacob Steinhardt of the University<br />

of California, Berkeley.<br />

<strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL CONFERENCE<br />

The <strong>2023</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> <strong>Annual</strong> Conference, a live and virtual<br />

event exclusively for <strong>IDE</strong> stakeholders, was held in May.<br />

This annual drink-from-the-firehose event included<br />

summaries from each of our eight research group leads<br />

and brief presentations of research either underway<br />

or recently completed. The keynote was provided by<br />

Yamini Ragan, CEO of Hubspot, who shared highlights<br />

of her professional journey.<br />

iQuHACK<br />

Panels at CoDE were led by <strong>IDE</strong><br />

lead Dean Eckles (top left) and<br />

<strong>IDE</strong> fellow David Holtz, (bottom<br />

left) and included experts from<br />

Meta, Google, IBM and academia.<br />

The opening panel of the fourth annual Interdisciplinary<br />

Quantum Hackathon, or iQuHACK, was held on January<br />

27. Co-sponsored by the <strong>IDE</strong>, the event featured <strong>IDE</strong><br />

Research Scientist Jonathan Ruane, who discussed the<br />

potential market opportunities for quantum computing.<br />

The event drew more than 300 in-person attendees at<br />

<strong>MIT</strong>, plus several thousand developers online—all of<br />

whom could test their code on both real and simulated<br />

quantum hardware.<br />

Education forms the backbone of all that’s<br />

done at <strong>MIT</strong> Sloan. Here at the <strong>IDE</strong>, we<br />

take great pride in sharing our insights<br />

and understandings among students,<br />

stakeholders and the broader community.<br />

Action Learing and Executive Education are<br />

perfect vehicles for this interaction.<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> ANALYTICS LAB (A-LAB)<br />

The <strong>MIT</strong> Analytics Lab empowers <strong>IDE</strong> stakeholders to<br />

submit projects and data to teams of <strong>MIT</strong> graduate<br />

students. These teams then use analytics, machine<br />

learning and other methods of analysis to develop<br />

results that will diagnose, enable or uncover solutions<br />

to real business issues and opportunities.<br />

In December, the <strong>IDE</strong> hosted the <strong>2023</strong> <strong>MIT</strong> Analytics<br />

Lab (A-Lab) final presentations with 22 student projects<br />

representing 21 companies. A panel of judges—Renée<br />

Richardson Gosline of <strong>MIT</strong> Sloan/<strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong>; Jennifer<br />

Jordan of iGlobe Partners; and Tod Loofbourrow of<br />

ViralGains—had the difficult task of naming just one<br />

winner. Ultimately, the trophy went to Team MGSJ,<br />

mentored by Ravi Doddavaram. The winning team,<br />

representing Akkodis, included Srikaran Boya, Giorgio<br />

Demarchi, Jan Girgott and Matea Gjika.<br />

EXECUTIVE EDUCATION<br />

In <strong>2023</strong>, <strong>IDE</strong> faculty and researchers continued to launch and<br />

support a full course load of best-in-class continuing education<br />

for professionals through <strong>MIT</strong> Sloan Executive Education.<br />

A SAMPLING OF <strong>2023</strong> EXECUTIVE<br />

EDUCATION COURSES<br />

Breakthrough Customer<br />

Experience (CX) Strategy<br />

Leading the AI-Driven<br />

Organization<br />

Making AI Work: Machine<br />

Intelligence for<br />

Business Strategy<br />

Systematic Innovation<br />

of Products, Processes<br />

and Services<br />

Digital Marketing<br />

Analytics<br />

The <strong>MIT</strong> student team<br />

working with Akkodis<br />

was named the winning<br />

A-Lab project in <strong>2023</strong>.<br />

Social Media Strategy:<br />

Creating Engagement,<br />

Insight and Action<br />

Machine Learning in<br />

Business<br />

AI Implications for<br />

Business Strategy<br />

Leading the Future of<br />

Work<br />

Digital Business<br />

Strategy: Harnessing Our<br />

Digital Future<br />

VIEW MORE EXEC ED COURSES AT EXEC.<strong>MIT</strong>.EDU<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 12 <strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 13


LEADING THE WAY<br />

The <strong>IDE</strong> is fueled by a wide range of<br />

scholars, staff and supporters<br />

THANKS TO OUR<br />

LOYAL SUPPORTERS<br />

<strong>IDE</strong> DIRECTORS<br />

RESEARCH GROUP LEADS<br />

Sinan Aral<br />

Professor, <strong>MIT</strong> Sloan School of<br />

Management<br />

Dean Eckles<br />

Associate Professor, <strong>MIT</strong> Sloan<br />

School of Management<br />

Renée Richardson Gosline<br />

Senior Lecturer, <strong>MIT</strong> Sloan School of<br />

Management<br />

John Horton<br />

Associate Professor, <strong>MIT</strong> Sloan<br />

School of Management<br />

Andrew McAfee<br />

Co-Director & Principal Research<br />

Scientist, <strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong><br />

Alex “Sandy” Pentland<br />

Professor, <strong>MIT</strong> Media Lab<br />

David Rand<br />

Professor, <strong>MIT</strong> Sloan School of<br />

Management<br />

Neil Thompson<br />

Research Scientist, <strong>MIT</strong> Sloan School<br />

of Management and CSAIL<br />

RESEARCHERS<br />

Daron Acemoglu<br />

Institute Professor, <strong>MIT</strong> Economics<br />

Department<br />

Jayson Lynch<br />

Research Scientist, <strong>MIT</strong> CSAIL<br />

Kristina McElheran<br />

Assistant Professor, Rotman School<br />

of Management, University of<br />

Toronto<br />

Geoffrey Parker<br />

Professor of Engineering Innovation,<br />

Dartmouth College<br />

Georgios Petropoulos<br />

Research Associate, <strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong><br />

Jonathan Ruane<br />

Research Scientist, <strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong><br />

Sinan Aral<br />

Director, <strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong>; Professor,<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> Sloan School of Management<br />

DIGITAL FELLOWS &<br />

RESEARCH AFFILIATES<br />

Elizabeth Altman<br />

Associate Professor, Manning<br />

School of Business, University of<br />

Massachusetts, Lowell<br />

Matt Beane<br />

Assistant Professor, Technology<br />

Management Program, University of<br />

California, Santa Barbara<br />

Seth Benzell<br />

Assistant Professor, Argyros<br />

School of Business and Economics,<br />

Chapman University<br />

Sukwoong Choi<br />

Assistant Professor, Information<br />

Systems and Business Analytics,<br />

Massry School of Business,<br />

University at Albany, SUNY<br />

Thomas Davenport<br />

Professor, Babson College<br />

Paramveer Dhillon<br />

Assistant Professor of Information,<br />

School of Information, University of<br />

Michigan<br />

Apostolos Filippas<br />

Assistant Professor, Gabelli School<br />

of Business, Fordham University<br />

Andrey Fradkin<br />

Assistant Professor of Marketing,<br />

Questrom School of Business,<br />

Boston University<br />

Joshua Gans<br />

Professor, Rotman School of<br />

Management & Department of<br />

Economics, University of Toronto<br />

Kiran Garimella<br />

Assistant Professor of Library and<br />

Information Science, School of<br />

Communication and Information,<br />

Rutgers University<br />

David Holtz<br />

Assistant Professor, Haas School<br />

of Business, University of California,<br />

Berkeley<br />

Andrew McAfee<br />

Co-Director & Principal Research<br />

Scientist, <strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong><br />

John Irons<br />

Senior VP and Head of Research,<br />

Siegel Family Endowment<br />

Eaman Jahani<br />

Assistant Professor, Robert H. Smith<br />

School of Business, University of<br />

Maryland<br />

Wang Jin,<br />

Research Scientist, Stanford Digital<br />

Economy Lab<br />

Hyo Kang<br />

Assistant Professor, Marshall School<br />

of Business, University of Southern<br />

California<br />

Paul Kedrosky<br />

Managing Partner, SK Ventures<br />

Tod Loofbourrow<br />

CEO, ViralGains<br />

Anna Pastwa<br />

Assistant Professor, University of<br />

Warsaw<br />

Amin Rahimian<br />

Assistant Professor, Swanson<br />

School of Engineering, University of<br />

Pittsburgh<br />

Maria Ressa,<br />

CEO and President, Rappler<br />

Daniel Rock<br />

Assistant Professor, Wharton School,<br />

University of Pennsylvania<br />

Michael Schrage<br />

Visiting Fellow, Department of<br />

Innovation and Entrepreneurship,<br />

Imperial College<br />

Marshall Van Alstyne<br />

Professor in Information Systems,<br />

Questrom School of Business,<br />

Boston University<br />

John Van Reenen<br />

Professor, London School of<br />

Economics<br />

Irving Wladawsky-Berger<br />

Visiting Lecturer, <strong>MIT</strong> Sloan<br />

POSTDOCS & DEGREE<br />

CANDIDATES<br />

Nuruddin Ahmed<br />

Postdoctoral Associate<br />

Jennifer Allen<br />

PhD Candidate<br />

Mohammed Alsobay<br />

PhD Candidate<br />

Michael Caosun<br />

PhD Candidate<br />

Ziv Heimlich Shtacher<br />

MBA<br />

Harang Ju<br />

Postdoctoral Associate<br />

Madhav Kumar<br />

Postdoctoral Associate<br />

Wensu Li<br />

Postdoctoral Associate<br />

Rebecca Wenjing Lyu<br />

Postdoctoral Associate<br />

Benjamin Manning<br />

PhD Candidate<br />

Hirotaka Miura<br />

PhD Candidate<br />

Alex Moehring<br />

PhD Candidate<br />

Zanele Munyikwa<br />

PhD Candidate<br />

Robin Na<br />

PhD Candidate<br />

Anthony Ou<br />

MEng Candidate<br />

Roy Reinhorn<br />

MBA Candidate<br />

Hong-Yi Tu Ye<br />

PhD Candidate<br />

Ehsan Valavi<br />

Postdoctoral Associate<br />

Emma Wiles<br />

PhD Candidate<br />

Leon Yao<br />

PhD Candidate<br />

Yunhao Jerry Zhang<br />

PhD Candidate<br />

VISITING SCIENTISTS<br />

Tamay Besiroglu<br />

University of Cambridge<br />

Leonardo Serra<br />

Capgemini<br />

Peter Slattery<br />

Monash University<br />

STAFF<br />

Joanne Batziotegos,<br />

Finance Administrator<br />

Tammy Buzzell<br />

Associate Director, Finance<br />

Operations<br />

Aileen Menounos<br />

Events Coordinator<br />

Carrie Reynolds<br />

Assistant Director of<br />

Communications and Marketing<br />

Albert Scerbo<br />

Associate Director<br />

David Verrill<br />

Executive Director<br />

CONSULTING PARTNERS<br />

Paula Klein<br />

Contributing Writer and Editorial<br />

Content Director<br />

Peter Krass<br />

Editorial Consultant<br />

David Weber<br />

Fundraising Consultant<br />

ADVISORY BOARD<br />

Mitchell Baker<br />

Chairwoman and Co-Founder, Mozilla<br />

Carl Bass<br />

Former President and CEO, Autodesk<br />

Marc Benioff<br />

Chair, CEO & Co-Founder, Salesforce<br />

Mary Callahan Erdoes<br />

CEO, Asset and Wealth Management,<br />

JPMorgan Chase<br />

Reid Hoffman<br />

Partner, Greylock Partners<br />

James Manyika<br />

Senior VP, Research, Technology & Society,<br />

Google-Alphabet<br />

Marissa Mayer<br />

Co-Founder, Lumi Labs<br />

Eric Schmidt<br />

Former CEO, Google<br />

Michael Spence<br />

NYU Professor of Economics and<br />

Nobel Laureate<br />

FOUNDATIONS<br />

Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation •<br />

Google.org • <strong>MIT</strong>-IBM Watson AI Lab •<br />

Nasdaq • New Venture Fund • TDF<br />

Foundation<br />

CORPORATIONS<br />

Accenture (Founding Member) • 3M •<br />

AB InBev • Akkodis • Autodesk •<br />

Capgemini • General Motors • IRC4HR •<br />

Meta Platforms • Microsoft • Netflix •<br />

SAP • Schneider Electric • TechnoPro<br />

INDIVIDUALS<br />

Nobuo N. Akiha • Joe Eastin •<br />

Michael Even • Wesley Chan •<br />

Junichi Hasegawa • Ellen and Bruce<br />

Herzfelder • Reid Hoffman • Richard B.<br />

Homonoff • Edward S. Hyman, Jr. •<br />

Gustavo Pierini • Gustavo Marini •<br />

Tom Pappas • Jeff and Liesl Wilke •<br />

and other individuals who prefer to<br />

remain anonymous<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 14 <strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 15


LETTER FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR<br />

INTO THE FRAY<br />

As AI rises in prominance, the <strong>IDE</strong> is more necessary than ever<br />

We remain focused<br />

on research that<br />

has a grounding<br />

and practical<br />

impact.<br />

DAVID VERRILL<br />

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, <strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong><br />

The year <strong>2023</strong> saw AI, particularly generative AI, come of age,<br />

helping us improve our resumes and cover letters, increasing<br />

our productivity and reducing our costs. At the <strong>IDE</strong>, four of<br />

our research groups were in the middle of the fray: Renée<br />

Richardson Gosline’s research group on Human-First AI; John<br />

Horton’s group on AI, Marketplaces, and Labor Economics; and<br />

Sinan Aral’s group on Generative AI and Decentralization. Neil<br />

Thompson’s group on AI, Quantum and Beyond also adds a<br />

unique perspective on the technology fueling the transformation.<br />

While AI took center stage, the <strong>IDE</strong> excelled in other areas of<br />

research, too. This included work by David Rand (Fake News<br />

and Misinformation); Dean Eckles (New Data Analytics); Andrew<br />

McAfee (Technology-Driven Organizations and Digital Culture<br />

group); and Alex “Sandy” Pentland (Building a Distributed<br />

Economy). All were busy in <strong>2023</strong>, generating one of the largest<br />

number of refereed and business-journal publications ever.<br />

Each year, I’m amazed by all we have achieved and our impact<br />

on the research, technology, policy and business communities<br />

we serve. One particular strength that we take great pride in<br />

at the <strong>IDE</strong> is the fresh flow of PhD and postdoctoral students<br />

that launch their careers from our base—truly the next generation<br />

of academic leaders in business and technology. While our<br />

methods may change over time, the <strong>MIT</strong> heritage of “mind<br />

and hand” keeps us focused on research that has a grounding<br />

and practical impact. We experiment, investigate and analyze<br />

emerging technologies and their social implications; we highlight<br />

their potential for positive change; and we help you stay ahead<br />

of the curve.<br />

CONNECT WITH THE <strong>IDE</strong><br />

The <strong>IDE</strong> couldn’t operate without our dedicated staff. I’d like to<br />

thank Finance Administrator Joanne Batziotegos; Associate<br />

Director of Finance Tammy Buzzell; Editorial Content Director<br />

Paula Klein; and Assistant Director of Marketing and Events<br />

Carrie Reynolds. In <strong>2023</strong> we added two new colleagues:<br />

Events Coordinator Aileen Menounos and Associate Director<br />

Albert Scerbo.<br />

Our team is small, tight-knit and composed of high-quality people<br />

with unique talents. Throughout the year, they package, promote<br />

and present the <strong>IDE</strong>’s ideas to a broad audience. This includes<br />

our generous stakeholders—the individuals, corporations and<br />

foundations named above—as well as members of academia,<br />

public policy groups and the press.<br />

In an accelerating AI world, the <strong>IDE</strong> is exceptionally qualified,<br />

essential and more necessary than ever. We appreciate the<br />

support of our stakeholders. We also thank the <strong>MIT</strong> and <strong>MIT</strong><br />

Sloan ecosystems that allow us to work and thrive.<br />

The journey continues!<br />

DAVID VERRILL<br />

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR<br />

FIND US ON<br />

MEDIUM<br />

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WORK<br />

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3<br />

EDITORIAL CONTENT Paula Klein and Peter Krass<br />

EVENT PHOTOGRAPHY Andrew Kubica, Valencia Images<br />

COVER IMAGE Abobe, generated by AI<br />

<strong>MIT</strong> <strong>IDE</strong> ANNUAL REPORT <strong>2023</strong> | 16

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