Copper Chromium (CuCr) Contact Materials for Vacuum ... - Plansee
Copper Chromium (CuCr) Contact Materials for Vacuum ... - Plansee
Copper Chromium (CuCr) Contact Materials for Vacuum ... - Plansee
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<strong>Copper</strong> <strong>Chromium</strong> (<strong>CuCr</strong>)<br />
<strong>Contact</strong> <strong>Materials</strong><br />
<strong>for</strong> <strong>Vacuum</strong> Interrupters<br />
Over the past 20 years, contact materials based on <strong>CuCr</strong> have become established <strong>for</strong> use in vacuum interrupters <strong>for</strong> medium<br />
voltage switches. They are used as contactors and circuit breakers within the voltage range 1 kV to 72,5 kV. <strong>CuCr</strong> contact ma-<br />
terials provide a combination of high current breaking capacity, dielectric strength of the open contact gap and long service life,<br />
up to 10.000 operations at the rated current. PLANSEE Powertech AG has been established as the centre of competence <strong>for</strong><br />
contact materials within the PLANSEE Group. We are pleased to support you in selecting the optimised contact material <strong>for</strong> your<br />
application.<br />
Nominal chemical composition *<br />
CC 75 CC 75 HMA CC 57 CC 57 HMA<br />
Cr [wt.-%] 25 25 43 43<br />
Cu [wt.-%] 75 75 57 57<br />
Additives [wt.-%] - up to 0.5 - up to 0.5<br />
* Typical data <strong>for</strong> calculations in contact design but not valid <strong>for</strong> specifications<br />
Special compositions on request.
* Typical data <strong>for</strong> calculations in contact design but not valid <strong>for</strong> specifications<br />
••••• excellent, •••• good, ••• satisfactory, •• sufficient<br />
* Typical data <strong>for</strong> calculations in contact design but not valid <strong>for</strong> specifications<br />
Impurities*<br />
CC 75 CC 75 HMA CC 57 CC 57 HMA<br />
O [ppm] 650 650 700 700<br />
H [ppm] 5 5 10 10<br />
N [ppm] 100 100 110 110<br />
Physical properties*<br />
CC 75 CC 75 HMA CC 57 CC 57 HMA<br />
Density [g/cm³] 8.05 8.15 7.60 7.65<br />
Hardness [HV30] 70 85 85 90<br />
Electrical conductivity [m/Ωmm 2 ] 31 32 21 22<br />
Welding tendency •• ••• •••• •••••<br />
Operating principle<br />
For practical applications the Cr content varies between 25 and<br />
60 wt.-%. For applications where arc quenching at low and high<br />
frequencies and low current chopping values are significant, <strong>CuCr</strong><br />
contact materials with 25 wt.-% Cr provide the best results. For<br />
applications where erosion resistance and welding behaviour is im-<br />
portant, <strong>CuCr</strong> contact materials with 40 to 60 wt.-% Cr are used.<br />
Besides the optimum Cr content, the contact geometry also has<br />
a significant influence on the per<strong>for</strong>mance of the contacts, <strong>for</strong> the<br />
different switching applications.
Microstructure of PLANSEE <strong>CuCr</strong> <strong>Materials</strong> <strong>for</strong> Vaccum Interrupters<br />
Microstructure of <strong>CuCr</strong> contact material<br />
with 25 wt.-% Cr<br />
Microstructure of <strong>CuCr</strong> contact material<br />
with 43 wt.-% Cr<br />
A benefit of the <strong>CuCr</strong> contact material is<br />
the high oxygen affinity of the Cr, which<br />
acts as a getter <strong>for</strong> any oxygen released<br />
by the switching process. Special pro-<br />
duction processes based on powder<br />
metallurgical techniques are employed<br />
<strong>for</strong> production of high purity contact<br />
materials.<br />
<strong>CuCr</strong> contact materials are produced by a powder metallurgical<br />
process which includes mixing of the Cu and Cr powders, pressing<br />
and sintering below the melting point of copper. The microstructure<br />
of the contact material is influenced by the grain size of the Cr pow-<br />
der used. The use of fine grained Cr powders has beneficial effects<br />
on the chopping behaviour and breakdown voltage of the contact.<br />
<strong>CuCr</strong> contact materials produced by sintering may exhibit a small<br />
amount of retained porosity which leads to an improvment of the<br />
LBD behaviour at higher Voltage ranges. In some applications this<br />
can influence the breaking capacity of a circuit breaker. By subse-<br />
quent reduction of porosity after sintering i.e. by repressing, the<br />
electrical and thermal conductivity can be increased. The reduced<br />
porosity also leads to an improvement in breaking capacity.<br />
All contact materials from PLANSEE Powertech AG are produced in accordance with ISO 9001 and are designed to meet detai-<br />
led customer specifications. We are pleased to support you in selecting the optimum contact material.
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