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TABLE OF CONTENTS 6 Chapter 6. Intensity Indicators: Selected Activities and Outputs in the Space Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 The manufacturing space industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Space-based applications and derived services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 International trade in selected space products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Innovation for future economic growth: patents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Chapter 7. Measuring Socio-economic Impacts from Space Activities . . 89 Defining socio-economic impacts from space programmes . . . . . . . . 90 New commercial/industrial activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Regional/national economic growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Efficiency/productivity gains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Annex A. Useful Manuals when Collecting/Reporting Data . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Annex B. Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Annex C. Space Research and Development Appearing in Different Fields of Science and Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Tables 2.1. Main advantages and inconveniences of using industrial classifications vs. specialised industry surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.2. Selected space activities in international classifications . . . . . . . . 25 2.3. List of NAICS Codes and ISIC 4 equivalence for space activities . . 28 2.4. List of NACE Codes and ISIC 4 equivalence for space activities . . . 2.5. Statistical classification equivalences for selected space activities: International, North-American and European 32 classifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 2.6. Modifying future ISIC classifications: Pros and Cons. . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7. Pros and Cons of starting a statistical rapprochement 36 with a number of selected countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3.1. Actors in satellite telecommunications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2. An example of the space sector’s value chain for satellite 44 telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3. Examples of users of VSAT systems, with system vendors 45 and services operators (2008). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 4.1. Industry associations publishing aerospace statistics . . . . . . . . . . 52 4.2. Selected sources of data on the space sector (2010-11) . . . . . . . . . . 54 6.1. ITU indicators including data about satellite usage. . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 6.2. Data on the VSAT industry (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 <strong>OECD</strong> HANDBOOK ON MEASURING THE SPACE ECONOMY © <strong>OECD</strong> 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS 6.3. Patent data’s advantages and disadvantages in reflecting inventive activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 A1.1. Useful manuals when collecting/reporting data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.A3.1. Selection of categories based on 2007 revised version 99 of the Frascati Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figures 106 1.1. Development of the overall space economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.1. The space economy’s simplified value chain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1. Civil space programmes as a percentage of civil GBAORD 21 for selected countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 5.2. Conservative estimates of space budgets of G20 countries, 2010 . . . . 66 5.3. Space manufacturing employment in the UK (2003-08) . . . . . . . . . 5.4. Direct employment in upstream and downstream segments 69 in the UK space industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1. Consolidated sales and employment by European space 70 companies, 2000-09 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2. Consolidated sales and employment by Japanese space 74 manufacturing companies, 2000-11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3. Revenues of Chinese companies involved in spacecraft 75 manufacturing and number of employees, 1995-2009. . . . . . . . . . . 6.4. Canadian space sector revenues by activity sector and employment, 75 1996-2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 6.5. Revenues and employment in the UK space sector . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 6.6. Growth in communication access paths by technology, 2003-05 . . . . 79 6.7. Canadian space sector’s export revenue by destination, 1996-2009. . 81 6.8. Evolution of space-related patents, 1980-2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1. Review of possible impacts derived from investments in space 84 programme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 This book has... StatLinks2 A service that delivers Excel ® files from the printed page! Look for the StatLinks at the bottom right-hand corner of the tables or graphs in this book. To download the matching Excel ® spreadsheet, just type the link into your Internet browser, starting with the http://dx.doi.org prefix. If you’re reading the PDF e-book edition, and your PC is connected to the Internet, simply click on the link. You’ll find StatLinks appearing in more <strong>OECD</strong> books. <strong>OECD</strong> HANDBOOK ON MEASURING THE SPACE ECONOMY © <strong>OECD</strong> 2012 7
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