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IARU Region 1 VHF Managers Handbook - UBA

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Quality<br />

Q9 Clean signal, no visible sidebar pairs<br />

Q7 One barely visible pair<br />

Q5 One easily visible pair<br />

Q3 Multiple visible pairs<br />

Q1 Splatter over much of the spectrum<br />

8.6.3 The MOS (Mean Opinion Score) reporting scale for digitized speech:<br />

MOS Quality Impairment<br />

5 Excellent Imperceptible<br />

4 Good Perceptible, but not annoying<br />

3 Fair Slightly annoying<br />

2 Poor Annoying<br />

1 Bad Very annoying<br />

0 Unusable Total<br />

Notes:<br />

Non-integer MOS scores like 3.5 are possible. An MOS of 3.0 is generally referred to as toll quality,<br />

meaning good enough to pay for. Digital voice users may tolerate MOS levels less than three if they get<br />

additional benefits, such as simultaneous voice and data services.<br />

While evaluation of voice systems may be made based on test-bench measurements, they must ultimately<br />

relate to the perception of the listener. A large body of voice-system evaluations exists based on MOS.<br />

Comparisons among systems are therefore readily made. MOS relates well to the readability figures<br />

commonly used in Amateur Radio signal reports.<br />

8.7 ANTENNA POLARISATION ( Recommendation P.1.)<br />

At several conferences the antenna polarisation has been discussed. Interestingly enough the use of<br />

horizontal polarisation, almost exclusively used for non-channelised amateur traffic on <strong>VHF</strong> and higher<br />

frequencies has never been formally recommended. Part of recommendation FM.2. recommends vertical<br />

polarisation for FM repeaters .<br />

At the Lausanne conference in 1953 ( this is really the oldest technical recommendation of <strong>Region</strong> 1 ) the<br />

helical antenna thread direction was laid down. Why that was done at the time is unclear, but 30 years<br />

later (Cefalu 1984 ) the EME community felt a need for the definition of circular polarisation for EME<br />

contacts. 12 years later, however, it was recommended to use for EME above 3 GHz linear polarisation for<br />

the time being.<br />

As using circular polarisation appears to have advantages for repeater stations the matter may come up<br />

again at future conferences.<br />

<strong>IARU</strong> <strong>Region</strong> 1 page 118/148 Version 5.40<br />

<strong>VHF</strong> managers handbook

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