Exadata Technical Overview - Oracle

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Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Exadata Technical Overview 

2 

Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 

Last updated – Dec 11, 2012

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Exadata Unified Workload Transformation 


Single Machine for… 

• Data Warehousing 

• OLTP 

• Database Cloud 

OLTP with Analytics and 

Parallelism of Warehousing 

Warehousing with Interactivity, 

Availability, and Security of OLTP

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1000s of Deployments at Leading Companies 

Half are Warehouses, Half are OLTP or Mixed Workloads 


� Petabyte Warehouses 

� SAP, E-business Suite, 

PeopleSoft, Siebel, JDE 

� Regulatory Reporting 

� Online Financial Trading 

� E-Commerce Sites 

� Consolidation of 100s of 

Databases

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Exadata Customers with Oracle Applications 


6 

Exadata Architecture 

Complete Database platform using standard servers for Compute and Storage 


Scale-Out Database Servers 

• 8x 2-socket, or 2x 8-socket Xeon database servers 

• Oracle Database, ASM, RAC; Linux or Solaris 

• Standard Ethernet to data center 

Scale-Out Intelligent Storage Servers 

• 2-socket storage servers, Exadata Storage Software 

• Up to 500 terabytes disk per rack 

• 56 PCI Flash memory cards per rack 

InfiniBand Network 

• Unified internal connectivity ( 40 Gb/sec )

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Pre-built and Optimized Out-of-the-Box 

Performance Achievement 

100% 

Time 

(Days) 


Performance Achievement 

Assemble 

dozens of 

components 

Custom Configuration 

Measure, 

diagnose, 

tune and 

reconfigure 

Time 

(Months) 

Multivendor 

finger 

pointing 

Test & debug 

failure modes

8 

Exadata Engineered System Transformation 

Less Risk, Better Results 


� Hundreds of engineer years spent optimizing and 

hardening the system end-to-end 

– Frees I/T talent to focus on business needs 

� Standard platform improves support experience 

� Runs all existing Oracle Database workloads 

� Building block of the Oracle Cloud

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Exadata X3 | Database In-Memory Machine 

2008 

Warehouse 

2009 

OLTP & VLDB 

Database On Disk 


2010 

Scale-Up 

2012 

Massive Flash 

All I/Os to Flash 

Database In-Memory 

X3

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Exadata Hardware 


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Exadata Storage Server Building Block 


• High-performance storage server built from 

industry standard components 

• 12 disks - 600 GB 15000 RPM High 

Performance SAS or 3TB 7200 RPM High 

Capacity SAS 

• 2 Six-Core Intel Xeon Processors (E5-2630L) 

• Dual ported 40 Gb/sec InfiniBand 

• 4 x 400 GB Flash Cards 

• Intelligent Exadata Storage Server Software

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Exadata Database Machine X3-8 Full Rack 

Extreme Performance for Consolidation, Large OLTP and DW 

• 2 Xeon-based Eight-processor Database Servers 

– High Core, High Memory Database Servers 

– 160 CPU cores (80 per server) 

– 4 TB memory (2TB per server) 

– 10 GigE connectivity to Data Center 

• 16 x 10Gb E-ports (8 per server) 

• 22.4 TB High Speed Flash 

• 14 Exadata Storage Servers X3-2 

– All with High Performance 12 x 600GB SAS disks 

OR 

– All with High Capacity 12 x 3 TB SAS disks 

• 3 Sun Datacenter InfiniBand Switch 36 

– 36-port Managed QDR (40Gb/s) switch 

• 1 “Admin” Ethernet switch 

• Redundant Power Distributions Units (PDUs) 


Add more racks for additional scalability

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Exadata Database Machine X3-2 Full Rack 

Pre-Configured for Extreme Performance 

• 8 Xeon-based Dual-processor Database Servers 

– 128 cores (16 per server) 

– 2048 GB memory (256 GB per server) 

– 10 Gig E-connectivity to Data Center 

• 40 x 10Gb E-ports (5 per server) 

• 22.4 TB High Speed Flash 

• 14 Exadata Storage Servers X3-2 

– All with High Performance 12 x 600GB SAS disks 

OR 

– All with High Capacity 12 x 3 TB SAS disks 

• 3 Sun Datacenter InfiniBand Switch 36 

– 36-port Managed QDR (40Gb/s) switch 

• 1 “Admin” Ethernet switch 

• Redundant Power Distributions Units (PDUs) 


Available in Smaller Configurations

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Complete Family of Exadata Machines 

For OLTP, Data Warehousing and Consolidated Workloads 

Exadata X3-2 Exadata X3-8 Storage Expansion 


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NEW Exadata X3-2 Eighth Rack 

Faster than 

2010 Quarter Rack, 

and 2008 Half Rack 


� Lowest Cost Exadata Configuration 

� Brings Exadata Extreme Performance to smaller 

workloads, development, test, disaster recovery 

� Hardware Identical to Quarter-Rack 

– Half CPUs, Disks & Flash Disabled 

Lower 

Cost 

– Half the Database and Exadata Software Licenses 

� Upgrade to Quarter Rack with a software command

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Start Small and Grow 

Field Upgradeable 

Eighth Rack 

Unique Architecture Makes it Fastest at the Lowest Cost 


Quarter Rack 

Half Rack 

Full Rack

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Scale to 18 Racks by Just Adding Cables 

Full Bandwidth and Redundancy 

Scale to more than 18 Racks by adding InfiniBand switches 


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Database Server Operating System Choices 

• X3-2 database servers have two choices 

• Oracle Linux 

• Solaris 11 available 

• Choose at installation time 

• Exadata X3-8 database servers support Oracle Linux only 

• Exadata Storage Servers will continue to embed Oracle Linux 


19 

Database Machine IO Performance 

Disk Data 

Bandwidth 1,3 

Flash Cache 

Data Bandwidth 1,3 

Disk IOPS 

Flash IOPS 2,3 


X3-2 or X3-8 

Full Rack 

X3-2 

Half Rack 

X3-2 

Quarter 

X3-2 

Eighth 

High Perf Disk 25 GB/s 12.5 GB/s 5.4 GB/s 2.7 GB/s 

High Cap Disk 18 GB/s 9 GB/s 4 GB/s 2 GB/s 

High Perf Disk 100 GB/s 50 GB/s 21.5 GB/s 10.7 GB/s 

High Cap Disk 93 GB/s 46.5 GB/s 20 GB/s 10 GB/s 

High Perf Disk 50,000 25,000 10,800 5,400 

High Cap Disk 28,000 14,000 6,000 3,000 

8K Reads 1,500,000 750,000 375,000 187,000 

8K Writes 1,000,000 500,000 250,000 125,000 

Data Load Rate 4 16 TB/hr 8 TB/hr 4 TB/hr 2 TB/hr 

1 - Bandwidth is peak physical scan bandwidth achieved running SQL, assuming no compression. Effective data bandwidth will be much higher when 

compression is factored in. 

2 - IOPS – Based on read IO requests of size 8K running SQL. Note that the IO size greatly effects flash IOPS. Others quote IOPS based on 2K, 4K or 

smaller IOs that are not relevant for databases. Exadata Flash read IOPS are so high they are typically limited by database server CPU, not IO. 

3- Actual Performance varies by application. 

4 – Exadata load rates are typically limited by database server CPU, not IO. Rates vary based on load method, indexes, data types, compression, and 

partitioning

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Database Machine Capacity (Uncompressed) 

Raw Disk Capacity 


X3-8 or X3-2 

Full 

X3-2 

Half 

X3-2 

Quarter 

X3-2 

Eighth 

High Perf Disk 100 TB 50 TB 21.6 TB 10.8 TB 

High Cap Disk 504 TB 252 TB 108 TB 54 TB 

Raw Flash Capacity 1 22.4 TB 11.2 TB 4.8 TB 2.4 TB 

Usable Mirrored 

Capacity 1,2 

Usable Triple 

Mirrored Capacity 1,3 

High Perf Disk 45 TB 22.5 TB 9.5 TB 4.5 TB 


High Perf Disk 30 TB 15 TB 6.5 TB 3.25 TB 


1- Raw Disk Capacity defined using standard disk drive terminology of 1 TB = 1000 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000 bytes. 

2- Capacity calculated using normal space terminology of 1 TB = 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 bytes. 

3 - Actual space available for a database after mirroring (ASM normal redundancy) and allowing one disk (Quarter 

and Half) or two disks (Full Rack) of free space to automatically remirror after disk failures. 

4 - Actual space available for the database computed after triple mirroring (ASM high redundancy).

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Storage Expansion IO Performance 

Disk Data 

Bandwidth 1,3 

Flash Cache 

Data Bandwidth 1,3 

Disk IOPS 

Flash IOPS 2,3 


X3-2 

Full Rack 

X3-2 

Half Rack 

X3-2 

Quarter 

X3-2 

Single Cell 

High Perf Disk 32 GB/s 16 GB/s 7.2 GB/s 1.8 GB/s 

High Cap Disk 23 GB/s 11.5 GB/s 5 GB/s 1.3 GB/s 

High Perf Disk 130 GB/s 65 GB/s 29 GB/s 7.25 GB/s 

High Cap Disk 121 GB/s 60.5 GB/s 27 GB/s 6.75 GB/s 

High Perf Disk 64,000 32,000 14,400 3,600 

High Cap Disk 36,000 18,000 8,000 2,000 

8K Reads 1,900,000 950,000 425,000 107,000 

8K Writes 1,350,000 675,000 300,000 75,000 

1 - Bandwidth is peak physical scan bandwidth achieved running SQL, assuming no compression. Effective data bandwidth will be much higher when 

compression is factored in. 

2 - IOPS – Based on read IO requests of size 8K running SQL. Note that the IO size greatly effects flash IOPS. Others quote IOPS based on 2K, 4K or 

smaller IOs that are not relevant for databases. Exadata Flash read IOPS are so high they are typically limited by database server CPU, not IO. This is 

especially true for expansion racks. 

3- Actual Performance varies by application.

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Storage Expansion Capacity (Uncompressed) 

Raw Disk Capacity 


X3-2 

Full 

X3-2 

Half 

X3-2 

Quarter 

X3-2 

Single Cell 

High Perf Disk 128 TB 64 TB 28 TB 7.2 TB 


Raw Flash Capacity 1 28.8 TB 14.4 TB 6.4 TB 1.6 TB 

Usable Mirrored 

Capacity 1,2 

Usable Triple 

Mirrored Capacity 1,3 

High Perf Disk 58 TB 29 TB 13 TB 3.25 TB 


High Perf Disk 38 TB 19 TB 8.5TB 2.1 TB 

High Cap Disk 192 TB 96 TB 43 TB 10.75 TB 

1- Raw Disk Capacity defined using standard disk drive terminology of 1 TB = 1000 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000 bytes. 

2- Capacity calculated using normal space terminology of 1 TB = 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 bytes. 

3 - Actual space available for a database after mirroring (ASM normal redundancy) and allowing one disk (Quarter 

and Half) or two disks (Full Rack) of free space to automatically remirror after disk failures. 

4 - Actual space available for the database computed after triple mirroring (ASM high redundancy).

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Exadata Database Machine Hardware Summary 


X3-8 Full X3-2 Full X3-2 Half X3-2 Quarter X3-2 Eighth 

Database Servers 2 8 4 2 2 

Database Grid Cores 160 128 64 32 16 

Database Grid Memory (GB) 4096 2048 1024 512 512) 

InfiniBand switches 3 3 3 2 2 

Ethernet switch 1 1 1 1 1 

Exadata Storage Servers 14 14 7 3 3 

Storage Grid CPU Cores 168 168 84 36 18 

Raw Flash Capacity 22.4 TB 22.4 TB 11.2 TB 4.8 TB 2.4 TB 

Raw Storage Capacity 

Usable mirrored capacity 

Usable Triple mirrored 

capacity 

High Perf 100 TB 100 TB 50 TB 21.6 TB 10.8 TB 

High Cap 504 TB 504 TB 252 TB 108 TB 54 TB 

High Perf 45 TB 45 TB 22.5 TB 9.5 TB 4.5 TB 

High Cap 224 TB 224 TB 112 TB 48 TB 23 TB 

High Perf 30 TB 30 TB 15 TB 6.5 TB 3.25 TB 

High Cap 150 TB 150 TB 75 TB 32 TB 16 TB

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Exadata Storage Expansion Rack Summary 


X3-2 Full X3-2 Half X3-2 Quarter Single Cell 

InfiniBand switches 3 3 2 - 

Ethernet switch 1 1 1 - 

Exadata Storage Servers 18 9 4 1 

Storage Grid CPU Cores 216 108 48 12 

Raw Flash Capacity 28.8 TB 14.4 TB 6.4 TB 1.6 TB 

Raw Storage Capacity 

Usable mirrored 

capacity 

Usable Triple mirrored 

capacity 

High Perf 128 TB 64 TB 28 TB 7.2 TB 

High Cap 648 TB 324 TB 144 TB 36 TB 

High Perf 58 TB 29 TB 13 TB 3.25 TB 

High Cap 288 TB 144 TB 64 TB 16 TB 

High Perf 38 TB 19 TB 8.5TB 2.1 TB 

High Cap 192 TB 96 TB 43 TB 10.75 TB

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Hardware Generational Advances 

Storage (TB) 

Flash (TB) 

CPU (Cores) 

Memory (GB) 

Connectivity (Gb/s) 

V1 


V2 X2 X3 

2008 2009 2010 2012 

168 336 504 504 3X 

0 

5.3 5.3 22.4 4X 

64 64 96 128 2X 

256 576 1152 2048 8X 

8 24 184 400 50X

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Exadata Innovations 


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Exadata Innovations 

• Intelligent storage 

– Scale-out InfiniBand storage 

– Smart Scan query offload 

+ + + 

• Smart PCI Flash Cache 

– Accelerates random I/O up to 30x 

– Triples data scan rate 


• Hybrid Columnar Compression 

– 10x compression for warehouses 

– 15x compression for archives 

Data remains 

compressed 

for scans 

and in Flash 

Benefits Cascade 

to Copies 

uncompressed 

compress 

primary DB 

standby test dev backup

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Exadata Intelligent Storage Grid 


• Data Intensive processing runs in Exadata 

Storage Grid 

• Filter rows and columns as data streams from 

disks (168 Intel Cores) 

• Example: How much product X sold last quarter 

• Exadata Storage Reads 10TB from disk 

• Exadata Storage Filters rows by Product & Date 

• Sends 100GB of matching data to DB Servers 

• Scale-out storage parallelizes execution and 

removes bottlenecks

What were 

my sales 

yesterday? 

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Simple Query Example 

Oracle DB 

Grid 


Select sum (sales) 

where Date=‘24-Sept’ 

Optimizer Chooses 

Partitions & Indexes 

to Access 

• 10 TB scanned 

• 1 GB returned 

to servers 

Exadata 

Storage 

Grid 

• Scan compressed blocks in 

partitions / indexes 

• Retrieve sales amounts for 

Sept 24

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Exadata Intelligent Storage 

Exadata Intelligent 

Storage Grid 


� Exadata storage servers also run more complex 

operations in storage 

– Join filtering 

– Incremental backup filtering 

– I/O prioritization 

– Storage Indexing 

– Database level security 

– Offloaded scans on encrypted data 

– Data Mining Model Scoring 

� 10x reduction in data sent to DB servers 

is common

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Exadata is Smart Storage 

Compute and Memory 

Intensive Processing 

Data Intensive 

Processing 


� Database Servers 

– Perform complex database processing such as 

joins, aggregation, etc. 

� Exadata Storage Servers 

– Storage Server is smart storage, not a DB node 

– Search tables and indexes filtering out data that is 

not relevant to a query 

– Cells serve data to multiple databases enabling 

OLTP and consolidation 

– Simplicity, and robustness of storage appliance

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Exadata Storage Index 

Transparent I/O Elimination with No Overhead 

Table Index 

A B C D 

1 

3 

5 

5 

8 

3 

Min B = 1 

Max B =5 

Min B = 3 

Max B =8 


• Exadata Storage Indexes maintain summary 

information about table data in memory 

• Store MIN and MAX values of columns 

• Typically one index entry for every MB of disk 

• Eliminates disk I/Os if MIN and MAX can never 

match “where” clause of a query 

• Completely automatic and transparent 

Select * from Table where B

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Storage Index with Partitions Example 

Orders Table 

Order# Order_Date 

� Queries on Ship_Date do not benefit from Order_Date partitioning 

– However Ship_date and Order# are highly correlated with Order_Date 

– e.g. Ship dates are usually near Order_Dates and are never less 

� Storage index provides partition pruning like performance for queries on Ship_Date and 

Order# 

– Takes advantage of ordering created by partitioning or sorted loading 


Partitioning Column 

1 2007 2007 

2 2008 2008 

3 2009 2009 

Ship_Date Item

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Storage Index with Joins Example 

Dimension 

Name M 

Accord 1 

Camry 3 

Civic 5 

Prius 8 

Select count(*) from fact, dim 

where fact.m=dim.m and dim.name=‘Camry’ 


Bloom filter constructed 

with min/max for M 

Perform IO and 

apply bloom filter 

Skip IO 

Due to Storage Index 

Fact 

A M C D 

1 

3 

5 

5 

5 

5

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Exadata Hybrid Columnar Compression 

Highest Capacity, Lowest Cost 

• Data is organized and compressed by column 

• Dramatically better compression 

Faster and Simpler 

Backup, DR, Caching, 

Reorg, Clone 


Query 

• Speed Optimized Query Mode for Data 

Warehousing 

• 10X compression typical 

• Runs faster because of Exadata offload! 

• Space Optimized Archival Mode for 

infrequently accessed data 

• 15X to 50X compression typical 

Benefits Multiply

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Compression Ratio of Real-World Data 


• Compression Ratio varies by 

customer and table 

• Trials were run on largest table 

at 10 ultra large companies 

• Average revenue > $60 BB 

• Average Query Compression 

ratio was 13x 

• On top of Oracle’s already 

highly efficient format

2 or 4 TB 

DRAM 

22 TB PCI 

FLASH 

500 TB 

DISK 

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Exadata X3 Database In-Memory Machine 

Hottest Data 

Active Data 

Cold Data 


� X3 mass memory hierarchy delivers extreme performance 

– Automatically moves all active data from disk to memory 

� DRAM memory expanded to 2 or 4 TB for hottest data 

– 4 to 40 TB of compressed user data 

� Flash memory expanded 4X to 22 TB per rack 

– 40 to 200 TB of compressed user data – ALL active data 

– 1.5 Million SQL random read I/Os per second for OLTP 

� Comparable to 15,000 disk drives in 150 array frames 

– 100 GB/sec SQL data scan rate for reporting and warehouses 

� Comparable to 1,000 disk drives in 10 array frames

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Exadata Smart Flash Cache Write-Back 

Writes I/Os 

1 Million 8K 

Write IOPs 

from SQL 


� Caches Write I/Os in PCI flash in addition to Read I/Os 

� Transparently accelerates write intensive workloads 

– 20X more write IOPS than disk on X3 

– 10X more write IOPs than disk on V2 and X2 

� Persistent write cache speeds database recovery 

� Exadata Flash Cache is much more effective than flash 

tiering architectures used by others 

– Caches current hot data, not yesterday’s 

– Caches data in granules 8x to 16x smaller than tiering 

� Greatly improves the effectiveness of flash 

New

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Exadata Smart Flash Log 

� Accelerate Transaction Response Times Using Flash 

Default (on left) 

- Choppy Response 

- High Outliers 

Smart Flash Log 

- 3x faster response 

- Much lower outliers 

Automatic and 

Transparent 


� Uses Flash for Database Logs in a clever way 

Transaction 

Response Times 

Smart Flash Log Enabled 

– Flash is fast but has slow outliers ‒ Erase cycles, wear leveling, etc 

� Smart Flash Log feature transparently uses Flash as a parallel write 

cache to disk controller cache 

– Whichever write completes first wins (disk or flash) 

� Better response time and more throughput 

� Uses almost no flash capacity (0.1% of capacity)

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Exadata Flash Performance Scales Linearly 

Storage Array Architecture Limits Flash Performance 

Query Throughput 

Gigabytes per Second 

4 to 13 

Storage Array Exadata 


100 

� Exadata scales using 

– True Scale-Out 

– InfiniBand 

– Smart Storage

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Extreme Performance and Low Cost 

Disks for Capacity 

Flash for I/Os 

DRAM for Throughput 

Cost of Disk 

I/Os of Flash 

Speed of DRAM 


� Extreme Performance dramatically lowers cost 

– Workloads that require huge traditional systems run on small Exadatas 

– Hardware needed for an application is often reduced 10x 

� Exadata also delivers Extreme Capacity 

– Huge disk footprint for large or less active data 

� 500 TB of disk per rack for historical data, low activity data, 

images, documents, backups, etc. 

– Columnar compression expands disk and memory capacity 10x 

– Blend of tiers gives highest performance at lowest cost 

� Placing all data in DRAM would cost $20M just for chips

42 

Business Benefits of Database In-Memory Machine 

Hottest Data 

Active Data 

Cold Data 


� Sub-millisecond latency 

– Interactive OLTP with millions of users 

� Sub-second analytics 

– Real-time decision making, instant reports 

� 10x faster parallel jobs 

– Quarter close, payroll, supply planning, 

field inventory, pricing, route planning, 

sub-ledger accounting

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Exadata I/O Resource Management 

Mixed Workloads and Multi-Database Environment 

• Ensure different databases are allocated the 

correct relative amount of I/O bandwidth 

Database A Database B 

InfiniBand Switch/Network 

Exadata Cell Exadata Cell Exadata Cell 


• Database A: 33% I/O resources 

• Database B: 67% I/O resources 

• Ensure different users and tasks within a 

database are allocated the correct relative 

amount of I/O bandwidth 

• Database A: 

• Reporting: 60% of I/O resources 

• ETL: 40% of I/O resources 

• Database B: 

• Interactive: 30% of I/O resources 

• Batch: 70% of I/O resources

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Exadata Database Cloud 

All Workloads, All Applications 

SAP, Siebel, PeopleSoft, JDE, 

E-business Suite, Fusion 

Applications 


• Exadata has the unique ability to run many databases 

supporting multiple workloads in a single cloud platform 

– High-end OLTP, Warehousing, batch, reporting, backups, … 

– All at the same time 

• X3 database in-memory delivers extreme performance for 

all workloads 

– Also prevents one workload from overloading disks leading 

to poor performance for all

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Secure Database Machine 


� Moves decryption from software 

to hardware 

– Over 5x faster 

� Near zero overhead for fully 

encrypted database 

� Queries decrypt data at 

hundreds of Gigabytes/second

46 

Exadata Management 


47 

Exadata Storage Management & Administration 

� Enterprise Manager 

– Manage & administer Database and ASM 

– Monitor the Exadata Database Machine Hardware 

� Auto Service Request (ASR) 

– File SRs automatically for common hardware faults 

� Comprehensive CLI 

– Local Exadata Storage cell management 

– Distributed shell utility to execute CLI across multiple cells 

� Embedded Integrated Lights Out Manager (ILOM) 

– Remote management and administration of hardware 


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Enterprise Manager 12c 

Integrated H/W + S/W management for Exadata 

� Hardware view 

• Schematic of cells, compute nodes and 

switches 

• Hardware components alerts 

� Software/system view 

• Performance, availability, usage by 

databases, services, clusters 

• Software alerts db, cluster, ASM 

• Topology view of DB systems/clusters 

� Configuration view 

• Version summary of all components 

along with patch recommendations 


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Automated Service Request (ASR) 

Customer Data Center Oracle Support Services 

! 

Fault occurs 

FRU replaced by 

Field Engineer 

Customer 

ASR 

Manager 

Oracle Field 

Engineer 

Product’s auto-diagnosis 

facility sends SNMP trap to ASR Manager 


SR creation email 

notification to customer 

Fault telemetry securely 

transmitted to Oracle 

FRU 

dispatched 

by Support 

Engineer 

ASR 

Service 

Service Request 

created 

SR routed to 

Support 

Engineer 

Comprehensive 

Fault Coverage 

• CPU 

• Disk controllers 

• Disks 

• Flash Cards 

• Flash modules 

• InfiniBand 

• Cards 

• Memory 

• System Board 

• Power supplies 

• Fans

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Platinum Support for Exadata 

Complete. Integrated. Proactive. High Availability. No Additional Cost. 

� 24/7 support 

� Specialized Engineered Systems Support Team 

� 2-hour onsite response to hardware issues 1 

� New Updates and Upgrades for Database, 

Server, Storage, and OS software 

� My Oracle Support proactive support portal 

� "Phone home" automated service requests (ASR) 


ORACLE PLATINUM SERVICES 

� Better support for the complete Oracle stack 

– Includes higher support levels for Database software 

� Proactive remote monitoring for faults 

� Industry leading service level response times: 

– 5 Minute Fault Notification 

– 15 Minute Restoration or Escalation to Development 

– 30 Minute Joint Debugging with Development 

� Oracle Engineers perform quarterly patching 

and updates 

Available for certified configurations on Exadata 

1 Covered system must be within an Oracle two-hour service area to receive two-hour response as a standard service.

51 

Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture 

Real 

Applicatio 

n Clusters 

ASM 

RMAN / Fast 

Recovery 

Area 


Primary 

WAN 

Oracle 

Secure 

Backup 

Comprehensive protection from failures 

Server – Storage – Network – Site – Corruptions 

Active Disaster Recovery: Real-time standby open for query offload 

Correction from human errors: database, table, row, transaction 

Online indexing and table redefinition 

Online patching and upgrades 

Active Data Guard 

/ GoldenGate 

Standby Dev/Test

52 

Exadata Comparisons and 

Customer Use Cases 


Benefits 

53 

U.S. Customs and Border Protection 

“Oracle Exadata has changed our strategic IT focus 

from building systems to developing and 

supporting application services critical to the 

fulfillment of our national security mission.” 

- Ken Ritchhart, Deputy Assistant Commissioner 

Business Objectives 

• Reduce cost and complexity 

• Meet availability SLAs 

• Extreme scalability 

• Consolidation 

Solution 

• 2010: Implement V2, X2-2 

• 2011: Add X2-2, X2-8 

• 2012: Add X2-8, Exalogic 


Exadata V2 

Primary/Standby 

Automated Targeting 

Systems 

Faster 

Applications 

10X speedup 

32 billion 

queries/day 

Storage 

Savings 

1 Petabyte 

Replaced $$ SAN 

Exadata X2-2 

Primary /Standby 

Automated Export 

Systems 

Passenger 

Systems 

Maximum 

Availability 

99.95% 


Primary/Standby 

Data Guard Data Guard Data Guard 

2010 2010 - 2011 

2011 - 2012 

Enterprise Data 

Warehouse 

Cost 

Savings 

75% Cost 

Reduction

Benefits 

54 

Turkcell: DW and DB Consolidation 

“In a word, Oracle Exadata is fantastic. Almost no 

report takes more than 10 minutes to run, versus 

hours before. It sounds unreal, but it’s real.” 

- Power User, Finance Department, Turkcell 


• Speed up BI 

• Lean, green data center 

• Prepare for big data growth 

Solution 

• 2010: Replace 11 racks with 

1 full-rack Exadata V2 for DW 

• 2011: Add 2 full-rack Exadata 

X2-2s for DB consolidation 

Hitachi 

USP-V 

5 Racks 


Pre-Exadata 

Data Warehouse 

Faster 

Reports 

10X 

27 min to 3 min 

(avg for 50k rpts) 

EMC DMX-4 

5 Racks 

• 250 TB 

Raw Data 



2 Exadata X2-2 

Prod 

Original V2 

Prod/DR/Dev 

2010 2011 

Backup Restore 

• 25 TB 

Compressed 

Storage 

Savings 

900 TB 

1,000 TB to 100 TB 

Reduced 

Admin 

20% 

• 2 Prod Databases 

• 600 TB Raw / 60 TB 

Compressed 

• 16-node RAC Cluster 

Data Center 

Cost Savings 

80% Less Power 

30 m 2 Less Space 

• 4 Prod, 2 Test 

Databases 

• 400 TB Raw/ 

40 TB Compressed 

• 2 RAC Clusters

Benefits 

55 

SK Telecom: Revenue Assurance DW 

“Oracle Exadata Database Machine has overwhelmingly superior 

performance, with average data processing rates 8 to 20 times 

greater than other SK Telecom in-house systems.” 

- Jin-hyung Lee, Manager, Network Engineering Department, SK Telecom 


• Ensure billing accuracy 

• Enhance customer service 

• Predict data traffic trends 

Solution 

• 2009: Create new DW on Exadata 

V1 half-rack 

• 2010: Move to full-rack Exadata V2 

• 2011: Add full-rack Exadata X2-2 




(2009) 

• Billing Analysis 

System 

Extreme 

Capacity 

10 TB/day 



2010 2011 

• Billing Analysis 

System 

• Usage & Roaming 

Inquiries 

Storage 

Savings 

900 TB 

1,000 TB to 100 TB 

Exadata V2+X2-2 


• 1,000 TB Raw / 100 TB 

Compressed 

• 16-node RAC Cluster 

Capture Lost 

Revenue 

$ Millions 


Qtr Rack (2010) 

• Spam Filtering

56 

Garmin: OLTP Consolidation 

Faster 

99.95% 

Benefits Month End Reports Uptime 

4x Growth 

“Oracle Exadata helped us meet our challenges by 

enabling us to consolidate to a single footprint.” 

- Ed Link, Vice-President IT, Garmin 


• Add fault tolerance 

• Reduce costs via 

standardization 

• Simplify support model 

• Performance & Scalability 

Solution 

• 2012: Consolidate 12 servers 

onto two Half-rack Exadata 

V2 systems 



12 Prod Servers 

Up to 11X 

• Oracle E-Business Suite 

• Advanced Supply-Chain 

Planning 

• Hyperion Reporting 

• Garmin Connect custom app 

2012 


DB Consolidation 

• 5 Prod 

Databases 

Data Guard 

• Archived 

Data 

High-Capacity 

Exadata Storage 

Servers 

Data Center 

Cost Savings 


Dev/Test/Local Standby 

• Tape backup

Benefits 

57 

Organic Food Retailer: OLTP Consolidation 

“One number for me to call; no more forwarding 

phone calls and email between vendors when we 

are digging into an issue.” 

- DBA Team Leader 


• Standardize the environment 

• Provide uniform HA/DR 

• Simplify support model 

• Ensure future scalability 

Solution 

• 2011: Consolidate14 servers 

onto two Qtr-rack Exadata 

X2-2 



• 14 Legacy Servers 

• 3 O/S Versions 

• 18 Oracle Databases 

• 5 Oracle DB Versions 

• 12 Application Teams 

Faster 

Applications 

Up to 20X 

2011 

Uniform 

HA/DR 



Data Guard 

Data Guard 

• PeopleSoft HR 

• Ordering 

• Timekeeping 

• Decision Support 

• Many other applications 

Simplified 

Support 

Data Center 

Cost Savings 


Dev/Test

Benefits 

58 

P&G: DW and Mixed Workload 

“Performance with Exadata is much better, and getting an 

out-of-the-box solution dramatically reduced the time 

and money to build and maintain our DW platform.” 

- Brian Beckman, DW Platform Manager, Procter & Gamble 


• Improve stability and supportability 

• Lower costs 

• Boost performance 

Solution 

• 2010: Implement 1 ST DW on V2 

• 2011: Move 2 nd DW to X2-2, 

Move OLTP/Analytics to X2-2 

• 2012: Move 3 rd DW to X2-8 




Prod Non-Prod 

• Trade/Mkt/POS Data 

Faster 

Applications 

2 - 30X 



Prod DR Dev UAT 

Data Guard 

• Shipments Data 

Storage 

Savings 

3x – 10x 

Compression 



Prod Non-Prod 

• Fin’l/Planning Data 

Simplified 

Support 


OLTP/Analytics 

Prod Non-Prod 

• Trade Fund 

Management

Benefits 

Objectives 

59 

Alpha Natural Resources: OLTP 

“Oracle Exadata has enabled us to deliver 

exceptional service to our business users while 

reducing the cost involved . Exadata has been a big 

win for our business and for IT.” 

- Saul Hernandez, CIO 

• Reduce cost and complexity 

• Deploy Oracle E-Business Suite 

quickly 

• Dramatically improve 

performance and availability 

Solution 

• X2-2 for production E-Bus Suite 

• X2-2 for Standby DR and test/QA 

• Database Appliance for testing 



(Hosted) 

• IBM x86 Servers 

• 3 O/S Versions 

Faster 

Applications 

5X+ Speedup 

2012 

Reduced 

TCO 

50% 

• Production 

• E-Business Suite 



Data Guard 

Data Guard 

Maximum 

Availability 

99.95% 

• Disaster Protection 

• Test and QA 

Data Center 

Cost Savings 

Oracle Database 

Appliance 

Dev/Test

Benefits 

60 

Oracle Beehive: Collaboration 

“[Beehive] is our largest application in-house. It is 

Oracle’s largest backend database.” 

- Campbell Webb, Vice-President IT, Oracle 


• Company-wide collaboration for 

> 100K users 

• CPU/ storage growth 3+ years 

• Improved response times 

• Guarantee uptime 

Solution 

• 2009: Move Beehive storage to 

Exadata V1 storage 

• 2011: Migrate to Exadata X2-2 



Storage Servers 

• 96 V1 storage servers 

• Post-Sun acquisition, 

CPU and disk 

oversubscribed 

2011 

Capacity for 

Growth 


Production 


Standby 

Austin (Texas) Data Center Utah Data Center 

• 9 full-rack X2-2 

• 2.3 Petabytes raw disk 

• 48 TB flash 

• > 5,000 peak TPS 

Faster 

Response 

5x – 60x 

Data Guard 

• 9 full-rack X2-2 

• Triple mirroring 

100% 

Uptime 

• Disk backups/flashback enabled 

• 100% uptime since go-live

61 

Softbank Replaces 36 Teradata Racks 

3 Exadata racks 

150% more data capacity 

12:1 

advantage 

36 total racks 

Twice the operational cost 

of Exadata 


• Billions of CDRs processed in 7 

hours (from 25 with Teradata) 

• Power, cooling, space savings 

• Maintenance charges slashed 

• Up to 8x faster

62 

Exadata X3 vs. EMC Performance Comparison 

Largest EMC VMAX 40K 1 Rack Exadata 


52 

GB/sec 

100 

GB/sec

63 

Exadata Flash Performance Scales Linearly 

52 GB/sec 

Largest Storage Array 8 Rack Exadata 


800 

GB/sec

64 

Exadata Outperforms IBM at 1/8 th the Price 

Exadata X3-2 Half Rack 

$650,000 

8.5:1 

advantage* 

$5,630,000 

* Hardware list price comparisons 


IBM 

P780 DS8800 

with Flash 

Exadata additionally provides: 

•84 storage CPUs for SQL offload 

•Far faster Flash PCI cards & InfiniBand 

•Hybrid Columnar 10X Compression 

Comparable IBM Config 

• Same DB CPU Cores for DB 

• Same Memory Size 

• Same Disks 

• Same Flash Capacity

65 

Exadata Unified Workload Transformation 


Single Machine for… 

• Data Warehousing 

• OLTP 

• Database Cloud 

OLTP with Analytics and 

Parallelism of Warehousing 

Warehousing with Interactivity, 

Availability, and Security of OLTP

66 


67

Exadata Technical Overview - Oracle

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