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In vitro anaerobic trinitrotoluene (TNT) degradation with rumen fluid ...

In vitro anaerobic trinitrotoluene (TNT) degradation with rumen fluid ...

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Chapter<br />

Chapter 1. <strong>In</strong>troduction<br />

TABLE OF CONTENTS<br />

Page<br />

1.1 Background<br />

1<br />

1.2 <strong>TNT</strong> <strong>degradation</strong> under aerobic conditions 2<br />

1.3 <strong>TNT</strong> <strong>degradation</strong> under <strong>anaerobic</strong> conditions 9<br />

1.4 Conclusions for both aerobic and <strong>anaerobic</strong> processes 13<br />

1.5 Discussion 14<br />

1.6 Statement of purpose 15<br />

1.7 References 16<br />

Chapter 2. The Fate of "C-Trinitrotoluene(<strong>TNT</strong>) Bio<strong>degradation</strong> by Sheep Rumen<br />

Fluids<br />

2.1 Abstract 19<br />

2.2 <strong>In</strong>troduction 19<br />

2.3 Materials and methods 20<br />

2.3.1 Chemicals 20<br />

2.3.2 Medium 21<br />

2.3.3 Analysis of the experiment 22<br />

2.4 Results 23<br />

2.5 Conclusions and discussion 28<br />

2.6 References 30<br />

Chapter 3. Feasibility of Trinitrotoluene (<strong>TNT</strong>) Contaminated Soils Remediation <strong>with</strong><br />

Ruminal Microorganisms 33<br />

3.1 Abstract 33<br />

3.2 <strong>In</strong>troduction 33<br />

3.3 Experiment 34<br />

3.4 Results 35<br />

3.5 Conclusions 35<br />

3.6 References 38<br />

Chapter 4. Trinitrotoluene (<strong>TNT</strong>) Transformation Pathways under Denitrification<br />

Conditions by Ruminal Microorganism, G.8 40<br />

1<br />

19

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