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252 Atmospheric Chemistry / Air quality and Climate Change are coupled phenomena. • Example: High ozone concentrations in the hot period of August 2003 • Tropospheric ozone is a greenhouse gas • Most aerosols are cooling, BC is warming • Research question: • Air quality/atmospheric chemistry situation over Europe in 2050/2100, so in a modified climate. • Detailed question: OH-radical in 2050/2100 ??? Block-Kurs Luftchemie <strong>Berlin</strong>, 13-17 März 2006
253 Angebot zum EU-Brussel, eingereicht März 2, 2006 RACER: Role of Aerosols in Climate Forcing and European Regional Air Quality: With U.Cubasch, H. Hübener, J.Fischer, and P.Builtjes and many more! Block-Kurs Luftchemie <strong>Berlin</strong>, 13-17 März 2006
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Block-Kurs Luftchemie Freie Univers
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3 Struktur des Kurses Montag : Einf
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5 I) Einführung und einige Basispr
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7 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Berlin, 13-
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9 Formation and evolution of the at
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11 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Berlin, 13
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13 2) Solid surface, secondairy ele
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15 3) Surface temperature at the ed
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19 O 2 + hv → O + O O+ O 2 → O
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23 Possible fluctuations in concent
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25 Io : a satellite of Jupiter. Act
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27 Block-Kurs Luftchemie The chemic
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29 Doom-scenario I New micro-organi
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31 Current composition of the earth
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33 Also used, especially in air qua
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35 Emission : Anthropogenic and/or
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39 Ρελατιϖε Στανδαρ
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41 Some general concepts concerning
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51 Energy → AB + C Depiction of t
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53 AB + hν →A + B (dissociation)
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55 Attenuation of solar radiation i
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59 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Stratosphe
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65 III. Stratospheric chemistry Mos
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67 In addition: n 2 (O 2) >> n 1 (O
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69 Possible explanation of the over
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73 Followed by: NO + O3 NO2 + O NO2
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79 Followed by: Cl + O 3 ClO + O 2
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81 Important: Binding Cl in less re
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83 Photo-dissociation in the strato
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87 Block-Kurs Luftchemie F 11: DuPo
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89 • British Antartic Survey; 198
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91 Block-Kurs Luftchemie ‘Om het
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93 Situation Polar night: polar vor
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95 Block-Kurs Luftchemie PSC: Polar
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97 Stratospheric ozone worldwide
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99 Increase of UV-B leads to: • I
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109 Koplung Klima-änderung und Str
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111 Tropospheric ozone • 90 % of
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113 Surface-near ozone at Montsouri
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115 IV. Tropospheric chemistry Stra
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117 Example CH4 + OH H2O + CH3 CH3
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119 Reactive Hydrocarbons: RH's tra
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121 Alkynes : Example: Acethylene C
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123 NO → NO 2 → O 3 RH → Alde
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127 The formation of the OH-radical
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129 OH-radical 'discovered' by Levy
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131 Trends in the OH-concentration
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133 Loss term CH 4 + OH ~ 400 Tg/ y
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139 I) Eiszeit Methan Vor 38.000/14
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141 Tropospheric O 3-budget A. Infl
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143 ad B. Deposition flux V d depos
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145 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Calculati
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147 Dry Deposition Flux = Fs [conc.
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149 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Dry depos
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151 Dg, Dl = Moleculair Diffusion C
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153 Wet Deposition Two processes:
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155 Anthropogenic Combustion: • C
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157 Thermic NO x • N 2 + O 2 →
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159 Biogenic Emissions • Animals:
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161 The basis of atmospheric transp
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163 Required input data • Boundar
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169 Model evaluation: How reliable
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175 Critical loads of S- and N- dep
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177 Different methods: • Optimal
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179 Increase in surface ozone from
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181 Block-Kurs Luftchemie ECHAM Ber
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183 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Radiative
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185 Block-Kurs Luftchemie MOGUNTIA
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189 Block-Kurs Luftchemie 1990 (glo
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193 Aitken particles : r < 0.1 μm
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199 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Coalescen
Page 201 and 202: 201 Example for in-cloud scaveging:
Page 203 and 204: Berlin, 13-17 März 2006 Block-Kurs
Page 205 and 206: 205 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Berlin, 1
Page 209 and 210: 209 Voerde, Germany, PM10 Metals 1%
Page 211 and 212: 211 Mean Ångström coefficient (a)
Page 213 and 214: 213 V) Erste Ergebnisse Modellierun
Page 215 and 216: 215 Average BSOA 28 July - 13 Augus
Page 217 and 218: 217 0 Average computed (LOTOS) wind
Page 221 and 222: 221 Average computed (LOTOS) Black
Page 223 and 224: 223 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Figure 5
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Page 229 and 230: 229 Verificatie van model resultate
Page 231 and 232: 231 Konklusionen Modellierung von S
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Page 239 and 240: 239 CALCULATED RCG 45 40 35 30 25 2
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Page 243 and 244: 243 In general: Modelled concentrat
Page 247 and 248: 247 IV) Schlussbemerkungen • Weit
Page 249 and 250: 249 Data assimilatie AOD en PM in L
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