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40 Atmospheric mixing time scales Troposphere, zonal average ≈ 2 weeks Troposphere, global ≈ 1-2 years Troposphere + stratosphere, global ≈ 2-5 years Small τ: large variation in concentration in time and place Large τ: constant (not at sources/sinks) Block-Kurs Luftchemie <strong>Berlin</strong>, 13-17 März 2006
41 Some general concepts concerning global circulation and transport / turbulent diffusion Some general concepts concerning chemistry, photo-chemistry, radiation Block-Kurs Luftchemie <strong>Berlin</strong>, 13-17 März 2006
Page 1 and 2: Block-Kurs Luftchemie Freie Univers
Page 3 and 4: 3 Struktur des Kurses Montag : Einf
Page 5 and 6: 5 I) Einführung und einige Basispr
Page 7 and 8: 7 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Berlin, 13-
Page 9 and 10: 9 Formation and evolution of the at
Page 11 and 12: 11 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Berlin, 13
Page 13 and 14: 13 2) Solid surface, secondairy ele
Page 15 and 16: 15 3) Surface temperature at the ed
Page 19 and 20: 19 O 2 + hv → O + O O+ O 2 → O
Page 23 and 24: 23 Possible fluctuations in concent
Page 25 and 26: 25 Io : a satellite of Jupiter. Act
Page 27 and 28: 27 Block-Kurs Luftchemie The chemic
Page 29 and 30: 29 Doom-scenario I New micro-organi
Page 31 and 32: 31 Current composition of the earth
Page 33 and 34: 33 Also used, especially in air qua
Page 35 and 36: 35 Emission : Anthropogenic and/or
Page 39: 39 Ρελατιϖε Στανδαρ
Page 51 and 52: 51 Energy → AB + C Depiction of t
Page 53 and 54: 53 AB + hν →A + B (dissociation)
Page 55 and 56: 55 Attenuation of solar radiation i
Page 59 and 60: 59 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Stratosphe
Page 65 and 66: 65 III. Stratospheric chemistry Mos
Page 67 and 68: 67 In addition: n 2 (O 2) >> n 1 (O
Page 69 and 70: 69 Possible explanation of the over
Page 73 and 74: 73 Followed by: NO + O3 NO2 + O NO2
Page 79 and 80: 79 Followed by: Cl + O 3 ClO + O 2
Page 81 and 82: 81 Important: Binding Cl in less re
Page 83 and 84: 83 Photo-dissociation in the strato
Page 87 and 88: 87 Block-Kurs Luftchemie F 11: DuPo
Page 89 and 90: 89 • British Antartic Survey; 198
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91 Block-Kurs Luftchemie ‘Om het
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93 Situation Polar night: polar vor
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95 Block-Kurs Luftchemie PSC: Polar
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97 Stratospheric ozone worldwide
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99 Increase of UV-B leads to: • I
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101 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Berlin, 1
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109 Koplung Klima-änderung und Str
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111 Tropospheric ozone • 90 % of
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113 Surface-near ozone at Montsouri
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115 IV. Tropospheric chemistry Stra
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117 Example CH4 + OH H2O + CH3 CH3
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119 Reactive Hydrocarbons: RH's tra
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121 Alkynes : Example: Acethylene C
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123 NO → NO 2 → O 3 RH → Alde
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127 The formation of the OH-radical
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129 OH-radical 'discovered' by Levy
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131 Trends in the OH-concentration
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133 Loss term CH 4 + OH ~ 400 Tg/ y
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139 I) Eiszeit Methan Vor 38.000/14
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141 Tropospheric O 3-budget A. Infl
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143 ad B. Deposition flux V d depos
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145 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Calculati
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147 Dry Deposition Flux = Fs [conc.
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149 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Dry depos
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151 Dg, Dl = Moleculair Diffusion C
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153 Wet Deposition Two processes:
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155 Anthropogenic Combustion: • C
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157 Thermic NO x • N 2 + O 2 →
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159 Biogenic Emissions • Animals:
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161 The basis of atmospheric transp
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163 Required input data • Boundar
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169 Model evaluation: How reliable
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175 Critical loads of S- and N- dep
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177 Different methods: • Optimal
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179 Increase in surface ozone from
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181 Block-Kurs Luftchemie ECHAM Ber
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183 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Radiative
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185 Block-Kurs Luftchemie MOGUNTIA
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189 Block-Kurs Luftchemie 1990 (glo
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193 Aitken particles : r < 0.1 μm
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199 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Coalescen
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201 Example for in-cloud scaveging:
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Berlin, 13-17 März 2006 Block-Kurs
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209 Voerde, Germany, PM10 Metals 1%
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211 Mean Ångström coefficient (a)
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213 V) Erste Ergebnisse Modellierun
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215 Average BSOA 28 July - 13 Augus
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217 0 Average computed (LOTOS) wind
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221 Average computed (LOTOS) Black
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223 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Figure 5
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227 Gemodelleerde PM10 concentratie
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229 Verificatie van model resultate
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231 Konklusionen Modellierung von S
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233 EU-Rahmenrichtlinien Fuer SO 2
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235 Konzentrationen in der Stadt si
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239 CALCULATED RCG 45 40 35 30 25 2
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241 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Prelimina
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243 In general: Modelled concentrat
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247 IV) Schlussbemerkungen • Weit
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249 Data assimilatie AOD en PM in L
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251 Block-Kurs Luftchemie Geschatte
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253 Angebot zum EU-Brussel, eingere
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