the effect of bioenergy production for the agricultural outputs ... - IAMO

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8 3. BIOGAS PRODUCTION IN HUNGARY Contributed Paper presented at IAMO Forum 2008 The rise of the Hungarian biogas production does not cause considerable effect in agricultural outputs. Hungary uses mostly by-products to produce biogas. As you can see on the 6 th figure more than 60 % of the secondary-products are left on the fields. The by-products do not mean considerable nutrient for the plants which is grown on fields. Consequently biogas production from by-products does not cause the growth of demand for chemical fertilizers. The secondary-products of biogas production can be used as an excellent fertilizer. 63% 6%5% 7% 3% 16% feed litter material for burning roots, stuble stay on the fields 6. figure: Tillage by-products in Hungary [source: KSH] Biogas can be produced from maize and from sugar beet. To use these plants for biogas production is economically not so efficient than other kind of uses. But to produce biogas from by-products of these plants can be economically efficient like in Kaposvár (Hungary), where biogas is produced from the secondary-products of the sugar factory. The advantages to produce biogas from by-products are the following processes: rising incomes of the farmers diversify markets and better quality of life. Accordingly Hungary tries to use even more byproduct to produce biogas. This process has no considerable effect for the agricultural outputs in Hungary. 4. ENERGY-FOREST – ENERGY-GRASS, EFFECTS FOR THE HUNGARIAN AGRICULTURE The energy forest does not give any income to the farmers at least in the first 2-3 years. Accordingly the Hungarian farmers which mostly have the problem of capital-scarce do not show a big interest of it. To grow other plants is more rewarding for the farmers on the pricelevel of nowadays. A special licence is needed for deployment an energy forest in Hungary. The Hungarians thermal power stations usually buy the biomass from floristries. According to the 2001/77/EC “green power” directive of the European Union Hungary have to produce at least 6.2% energy else
The effect of bioenergy production for the agricultural outputs in Hungary of the total consumption from biomass. Hungary achieved the requirement already in 2007 so the governmental “push” is getting less on the matter of “green power“. Boilers which burning pellets have been found on the Hungarian market for 5 years. The authors expect that the demand for the pellet will grow in a long term because of the rising number of the boilers. The cost of the investment is really high so a peak-increase of the demand for pellets is not expected. Consequently the energy forest will not have a big effect for the agricultural outputs in Hungary. The country has the same situation on the matter of energy grass. A big disadvantage of burning energy grass is its needs for special boiler which is really expensive. The supply for energy grass is low in Hungary because of the missing demand for it. Accordingly neither the energy forest nor the energy grass has considerable effects for the agricultural outputs in Hungary. CONCLUSION To study the growth of the Hungarian biomass production the authors expect considerable effect only from the rape production to the agricultural outputs. Neither the biogas nor the energy forest or the energy grass can cause big effect for the agricultural outputs in Hungary in the next few years. The demand for maize as basic material for bioethanol production will increase but the demand for maize as feed will decrease because of the growth of the secondary-products of biofuel production. Consequently the authors expect only a minimal growth of the production area of maize in the next few years. The biodiesel production of Hungary has bigger effect for the agricultural outputs. The production area of rape has grown more than 30% since 2001. The authors expect more than 25% accession of the Hungarian rape production area till 2010 because of the continuously growth of it. The processes of the word market and the Hungarian export / import rate can have big influences to the values which are counted by the authors. If the processes of the word market do not change much and the energy policy of the European Union remains the same, the production area of the rape will raise a lot in Hungary. 9
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