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Revista Veterinaria Zacatecas 2006 - Universidad Autónoma de ...

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M T Rivera-Lozano et al<br />

libera en las horas oscuras <strong>de</strong>l día. En la<br />

temporada <strong>de</strong>l año con mayor período <strong>de</strong><br />

secreción diaria <strong>de</strong> melatonina, como ocurre en el<br />

otoño e invierno, <strong>de</strong>bido al incremento <strong>de</strong> las<br />

horas oscuras <strong>de</strong>l día, la hormona disminuye la<br />

retroalimentación negativa <strong>de</strong>l estradiol sobre el<br />

hipotálamo, lo cual permite la presencia <strong>de</strong> ciclos<br />

estrales en esta parte <strong>de</strong>l año. La influencia <strong>de</strong>l<br />

fotoperiodo sobre la estacionalidad varía <strong>de</strong><br />

acuerdo a la zona geográfica don<strong>de</strong> se encuentren<br />

los animales, las cabras son más estacionales en<br />

los hemisferios que al nivel <strong>de</strong>l Ecuador. Sin<br />

embargo, las hembras <strong>de</strong> la zona tropical que se<br />

trasladan a latitu<strong>de</strong>s más elevadas y se mantienen<br />

bajo fotoperiodos característicos <strong>de</strong> la región<br />

templada manifiestan estacionalidad reproductiva,<br />

como lo hacen las cabras <strong>de</strong> esa región. El macho<br />

sexualmente activo pue<strong>de</strong> inducir la ovulación y la<br />

manifestación <strong>de</strong>l celo en animales en anestro.<br />

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goats. J Dairy Sci 1978; 61: 994-1010.<br />

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regulation of reproduction in mammals.<br />

En: Knobil E, Neil JD, editors. The<br />

Physiology of Reproduction. New York:<br />

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of luteinizing hormone secretion by in<br />

situ microimplant <strong>de</strong>livery.<br />

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secretion during the presurge period in<br />

the ewe. Endocrinology 1995; 136: 1603-<br />

1609.<br />

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FJ. Estradiol requirements for induction<br />

and maintenance of the gonadotropinreleasing<br />

hormone surge: implication for<br />

neuroendocrine processing of the<br />

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138: 5408-5414.<br />

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DT, Karsch FJ, Midgley AR.<br />

Neuroendocrine control of folliclestimulating<br />

hormone (FSH) secretion. I.<br />

Direct evi<strong>de</strong>nce for separate episodic and<br />

basal components of FSH secretion.<br />

Endocrinology 1997; 138: 424-432.<br />

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ewes and the induction on GnRH surges<br />

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355-360.<br />

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222

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