Potenciales y Viabilidad del Uso de Bioetanol y Biodiesel para el ...

Potenciales y Viabilidad del Uso de Bioetanol y Biodiesel para el Transporte en México (SENER-BID-GTZ)
Task C: Biodiesel production and end-use in Mexico; Task D: Potentials in relation to sustainability criteria
Task E: Rationales, drivers and barriers for biodiesel market introduction; Task F: Synthesis and recommendations
considered to be a representative cost. Moreover, according to existing biodiesel plants typical
factors for “required land per plant capacity” are taken into account:
• agricultural scale: 0.33 m²/t fuel for plants including oil production,
• industrial scale: range of 0.075 m²/t fuel for plants without and 0.27 m²/t fuel for plants
including oil production; 0.085 m²/t fuel for multi-feedstock plants
The assumed total investment costs are summarized as follows (Tab. 4-4).
Moreover, annual maintenance costs are assumed to be 1.5 % of the total capital investment.
Tab. 4-1 Total capital investment (average) reference concepts (IE, 2006)
Reference concept Feedstock Capacity [t/a]
Capital investment
plant* [1,000 MX$]
Land costs
[1,000 MX$]
Specific total capital
investment
[1,000 MX$/MW fuel ]
Agricultural
oil mill-biodiesel plant
(small-scale)
Industrial
oil mill-biodiesel plant
(large-scale)
Industrial
biodiesel plant (largescale)
oil seeds 3,600 11,800 1,040 2,100
oil seeds 93,750 310,900 23,550 2,590
vegetable oil 93,750 184,800 6,540 1,490
Industrial
multi-feedstock biodiesel
plant (large-scale)
(waste)
vegetable oil,
animal fats,
tallow
46,900 268,600 3,706 4,170
* including plant development and engineering costs
Capital share and interest rate
Under the Mexican conditions small and medium-sized businesses tend to invest high equities
as bank interests are relatively high and economical financing of banks are rarely to access.
Moreover, expectations with regard to capital return are at least of annually 15 to 20 %.
Therefore, an equity of about 50 % of the total capital investment and return rate of 20 % is
considered. For industrial and foreign companies an equity of about 30 % and return rate of
15 % is assumed. This is also true for the typical bank interests for the appropriate leverage at
industrial scale. More economical credits are also available from international development
banks; For instance, the North American Development Bank offers credits for 50 % leverage
(in the future up to 80 %) at the rate of annually 5 to 6%; however, this is only valid for
project closed to the border of the U.S. from up to 300 km.
44