REPORTE MUNDIAL DE DROGAS - LIBRO NRO 3: SUMINISTRO DE DROGAS

WORLD DRUG REPORT 2020
DRUG SUPPLY
Trafficking in cannabis herb continues to be mainly intraregional
Most of the cannabis herb produced in a region continues
to be consumed within that same region. Thus, a
region’s trafficking remains mainly intraregional and is
mostly trafficked by road, rather than by sea or air.
Over the period 2014–2018, the most frequently mentioned
countries of origin, departure and transit in the
annual report questionnaire were, in order of importance,
the following:
Americas:
••
North America: Mexico, the United States and
Canada
••
South America: Paraguay and Colombia
••
Central America: Guatemala
••
the Caribbean: Jamaica
Africa:
••
West and Central Africa: Ghana and Nigeria
••
Southern Africa: Mozambique, Eswatini and Malawi
••
East Africa: United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda
and Kenya
••
North Africa: Morocco
Europe:
••
the Netherlands and Albania
Asia:
••
South-East Asia: Myanmar
••
South Asia: India
••
Near and Middle East/South-West Asia: Afghanistan
••
Central Asia and Transcaucasia: Kyrgyzstan, followed
by Kazakhstan
The only exception is Oceania, where most cannabis
herb is imported from outside the region (from the
United States, Canada and the Netherlands).
Fig. 42 Main cannabis herb-seizing countries,
2017 and 2018
Quantitities (tons)
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
Paraguay
United States
India
Nigeria
Brazil
Colombia
Argentina
2017 2018
Morocco
Mexico
Sudan
Others
Source: UNODC, responses to the annual report questionnaire.
In 2018, the largest quantities of cannabis herb
seized worldwide continued to be those reported by
Paraguay, followed by the United States and India.
Cannabis herb produced in Paraguay is reported to
have been mainly destined for neighbouring Brazil
(77 per cent) and Argentina (20 per cent). Over the
period 2008–2018, the largest cannabis herb seizures
worldwide took place in the United States, followed
by Mexico, Paraguay, Colombia, Nigeria, Morocco,
Brazil, India and Egypt.
Quantities of cannabis resin seized
increased in 2018
The upward trend in the global quantities of cannabis
resin seized over the period 2010–2016
stopped in 2017, but cannabis resin seizures started
to rise again in 2018. In parallel, the cannabis resin
trafficking trend index continued to rise in 2018,
suggesting an overall increase in cannabis resin trafficking
at the global level in 2018.
Trafficking in cannabis resin continues to be far
more geographically concentrated than is trafficking
in cannabis herb. More than half of all cannabis
resin was seized in Western and Central Europe (51
per cent) in 2018, followed by the Near and Middle
East/South-West Asia (36 per cent) and North Africa
(8 per cent). These three subregions accounted for
95 per cent of all cannabis resin seized worldwide
in 2018. In 2018, the largest quantities of cannabis
resin were seized – as in most previous years – by
Spain, followed by Pakistan, Afghanistan and the
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