WORLD DRUG REPORT 2020DRUG SUPPLY2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019OTHEROther countries e 10,509 9,479 12,221 16,390 12,282 13,293 11,585 8,549 62,439 8,792 11,815 44,745TOTAL (best estimate) 213,003 185,935 190,662 207,428 234,895 295,291 316,772 279,444 294,496 414,001 345,045 240,845lower bound 152,935 149,762 169,928 189,444 245,201 269,872 240,644 257,996 368,401 309,641 212,741 gupper bound 211,835 233,662 249,328 287,952 338,309 372,272 318,744 333,396 459,701 381,748 272,348 g213,000 185,900 190,700 207,400 234,900 295,300 316,800 279,400 294,500 414,000 345,000 240,800 gTOTAL(best estimate,rounded)Sources: Afghanistan: Until 2018, Afghanistan Opium Surveys were conducted by the Ministry of Counter-Narcotics (MCN) of Afghanistan and the United Nations Office on Drugsand Crime (UNODC). Data for 2019 was obtained from the UNODC Illicit Crop Monitoring Programme.Lao People's Democratic Republic: Up till 2015, national illicit crop monitoring system supported by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Data from 2016onwards from Lao National Commission for Drug Control and Supervision.Myanmar: national illicit crop monitoring system supported by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).Colombia: Government of Colombia.Mexico: up to 2014, estimates derived from surveys by the Government of the United States of America (international narcotics control strategy reports); for 2015 onwards, jointMexico/UNODC project entitled "Monitoring of the illicit cultivation on Mexican territory".Note: Figures in italics are preliminary and may be revised when updated information becomes available. Two dots indicate that data were unavailable. Information on estimation methodologiesand definitions can be found in the online methodology section of the World Drug Report 2020.a) Bound of the statistically derived confidence interval.b) May include areas that were eradicated after the date of the area survey.c) Estimates for 2014, 2015, 2018 included area estimates for Kayah and Chin states. In the absence of information on Kayah and Chin, the 2019 national area estimate uses latest availablecultivation estimates (2018) for Chin and Kayah states. National estimates for 2014, 2015, 2018 and 2019 are therefore not directly comparable with other years.d) Up to 2014, the estimates for Mexico are sourced from the Department of State of the United States. The Government of Mexico does not validate the estimates provided by the United Statesas they are not part of its official figures and it does not have information on the methodology used to calculate them.e) Includes other countries with evidence of cultivation or production of opium poppy (average of less than 10 tons of opium per year since 2015) and estimates for countries with indirect evidenceof illicit cultivation (eradication of opium poppy) but no direct measurement. See table "Cultivation of opium poppy and production of opium in other countries, and eradication of opiumpoppy, 2009-2019".In addition, for 2016, 2018 and 2019 best estimates for countries for which data are not available (Myanmar for 2016, Colombia for 2018 and 2019 and Lao People's Democratic Republic,Mexico for 2019) are included in this category.Starting in 2008, a new methodology was introduced to estimate opium poppy cultivation and opium/heroin production in countries with no data on illicit cultivation of opium poppy. A detaileddescription of the estimation methodology is available in the online methodology section of the World Drug Report 2020.f) The figures for 2015, as published in the World Drug Report 2016 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.16.XI.7), have been revised owing to a statistical adjustment processed by UNODC.The 2015 figures refer to the period July 2014-June 2015 and are not comparable with subsequent years, due to the updates in the methodology implemented from the 2015‒2016 periodonwards.g) Preliminary estimates for 2019; they may change as more country estimates become available.h) The figures for 2016, 2017 and 2018 are based on the estimation periods July 2015 - June 2016, July 2016‒June 2017 and July 2017‒June 2018 respectively.i) Data from 2016 onwards are not comparable to prior years.76
Cannabis3Table 2 Potential production of oven–dry opium, 2008–2019 (tons)2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019SOUTH-WEST ASIAAfghanistan(best estimate) j 5,900 4,000 3,600 5,800 3,700 5,500 6,400 3,300 4,800 9,000 6,400 6,400lower bound a 3,000 4,800 2,800 4,500 5,100 2,700 4,000 8,000 5,600 5,600upper bound a 4,200 6,800 4,200 6,500 7,800 3,900 5,600 10,000 7,200 7,100SOUTH-EAST ASIALao People’sDemocratic Republic(best estimate) b, f10 11 18 25 41 23 92 .. .. .. .. ..lower bound g 4 7 11 15 18 11 51 84upper bound g 16 16 24 36 69 35 133 176Myanmar(best estimate) b, h 410 330 580 610 690 870 670 h 647 .. 550 520 508lower bound 213 350 420 520 630 481 500 395 410 380upper bound 445 820 830 870 1,100 916 820 706 664 672SOUTH AND CENTRALAMERICAColombia(best estimate)10 9 8 8 8 11 12 17 13 7 .. ..Mexico(best estimate)c, e, i325 425 300 250 220 225 360 419 404 492 450 ..lower bound a 265 251 288 267upper bound a 572 557 695 633OTHEROther countries(best estimate) d 187 178 224 290 172 182 201 147 840 221 249 69877
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