Bulletin de liaison et d'information - Institut kurde de Paris

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REVUE DE PRESSE-PRESS REVlEW-BERHEVOKA ÇAP~-RlVlsrA STAMPA-DENTRO DE lA PRENSA-BASIN ÖzETi The scenes were videotaped or otherwise recorded to be sent to Baghdad to show Saddam his orders were being carried out In this bloodbath, Saddam ordered his troops to destroy nearly .4;000 villa~es with bulldozers and dynamite; uiùeasb ch~m.1ca1weapons on 70 villages, including Halabja where 5,000 died in one day; buryexecuted prisoners in mass graves; and seIZe young men and ship them to unknown locations where their fates are still a mystery. And while all this was ~oing on, Western leaders turned a blind eye to (he slaughter because they were backing Saddam in his eight-year war against Iran, which they considered more dangerous to the region's security. "The parallel with the Holocaust in Nazi Germany is an apt one," Whitley said recently in Washington as he described how truckloads of Kurds .were driven to army fortresses for mass executions. "It's like Cambodia although the numbers aren't on the same scale," he said. "But it's different, in the sense that this is a clear caSe of one ethnic group trying to destroy another." Each major town under Kurdish control in northern Iraq has its own tales of horrot. In Erbil, which claims to be the oldest city in the world, residents point out the cemetery on the edge of the city where half of the land was used for mass graves. One grave contained the bodies of 19 students shot in the head. The bodies were discovered last Se.ptember after the Iraqi forces pulled out of KIrkuk. They were easy to find; the gravediggers knew where all the mass graves were. Last November, searchers found 140 bodies in a mass grave in Sula~aniyah. All the victims wore clothes; some still wore blindfolds. Saddam has flatly denied that Iraq launched a calculated p~gratI! to annihilate Kurdish citizens but his carefully {>lanned killing spree started in early 1987 and hIt its peak in late 1988. By the time it was over, a minimum of 180,000 people bad "disappeared." The operation was called "Anfal," after a verse in the Koran that reputedly gives Muslims the right to plunder the women and pro{>erty of infidels. It's a word that still sends shIvers up the backs of most Kurds, who are also Muslims. It started when Saddam ordered the destruction of Kurdish villa~es in the north with the stated goal of destroymg rebel strongholds. The villagers were moved into vast, gray settlement camps in the south. Baghdad said the Kurds actually preferred living there because they were better equipped than their mountain villages. In reality, thousands of men never made it to the camps. Men were separated from the women and children, the old and the very young, and driven away in trucks and then disappeared. Hu- ,man rights workers believe the biggest mass graves remain undiscovered in the south. Many women and children died because of lack of food in the new camps. Starting in February, 1988, and escalating for most that year, the Iraqis used poison gas on Kurdish villages suspected of harboring members of the Kurdish peshmerga (those who race death) guerrillas. The most celebrated case occurred at Halabja in March, 1988, when up to 5,000 civilians were killed within an hour after poison gas was dumped on the city. Kurds now consider Halabja a mandatory stop for visitors to northern Iraq. They treat It as a reminder to the world of the horror of Saddam, much as the sites of Nazi death camps in Europe are stark reminder of Hitler's attempted extermination of the Jews during World War II. In Kurdistan, however, nothing is all black or all white. There are massacres on both sides. A Reuter news a~ency reporter watched last Oct. 7 in Sulaymanlyah as Kurdish fighters executed 60 unarmed Iraqi prisoners. Six were shot while sitting on the ground with hands on their heads; others were killed as they surrendered' ,still others were machine-gunned after being tak= en into a building. It was just another day on the killing fields of Kurdistan. lIltra u~(5rt ~ l~'NTERN~TIONAL~. b Puhli ..llf'd \l ith nu> '''''' lork Time", and Tht' "&./oIhjn~{)n Pu ... MONDAY, MARCH 30, 1992 Focus on Kurds in Iraq Unt~, _What to do about the Kurds, a separate cal organization - elections are planned for Muslim people with a distinct language and April 3 - should be encouraged. of a number (20 million) and cohesive tradi. Embarrassing as it is to Turks and their ton. tha! have wo~ many.others ~ta~ehood? friends in Washington and elsewhere, 'therr nnsforyune ISto arnve late m mterna- Kurds are also in distress in Turkey, where ttonl/l conSCIousness,when states - Iraq, they make up a long-subordinated 20 per_ Twtey and Iran among them - have al- cent minority. Although the Turkish govrea~y been fonned 8?d recognized .in the ernment has sometimes dangled an option ~tory where ~ey live. KlI!ds, havmg al- of cultural autonomy, the dominant Turk- ~suff~gnevously,aremwenselyvulperable, lacking both the means of self-p~ i~ army acts on a perceived threat of na- nonal dismemberment. And not without tection and reliable international patronage. some reason: The Kurdish Workers Party 1,beir ~ is grea~t in Iraq, where, ~e or PKK, seeks a separate state by arms and Uruf:ed Natlons certifIes, Saddam Hussem conducts a sometime terrorist struggle that con~~ to perpetrate the most savage has cost several thousand lives (mostly of a~OCltles.Already under UN pressur;on the Kurds) over the years. This struggle revived disarmament front, he should be placed un- recently. The United States grateful to its der further pressure ~n the human ripts Gulf ally, has put the onu~ on the PKK. front. And even that IS not enough. A new Germany, with many Kurds among its waveof terror100ms if the Gulf War allies do guest workers blames Turkey. 1101extend past their June expiration date (I) In the PK}( the Turks do face a serious the ,!urkey.based air umbrella put up over and ugly threat. But they have been slow to SUM~orSof last year's ill-fated rebellion in explore political options, and they have COlD- Kurdish ~ of northern ~, and (2) the mitted systematic human rights violations. UN morutors on the ground m those areas. Iraq's Kurds desperately need to be assured Turkey's allies have a responsibility to counsel restraint. The primary focus of an inof more reliable relief and economic conduits creased international effort to comfort the from Turkey to counter Saddam Hussein's Kurds must not swing away from Iraq. internal blockade. Their steps towaId politi- _ THE WASHINGTON POST. 29
REVUE DE PRESSE-PRESS REVlEW-BERHEVOKA ÇAPÊ-RIVISTA STAMPA-DENTRO DE LA PRENSA-BASlN ÖZETi .~Unrassemblement > ~Au gymnase Sous-ALéry, la jëte du Nouvel An \ '~ Cinq. t~nLs personnes au bas 0:::: mot, venues de, toute la ré- ~ gion Rhône-Alpes fêter, en léger ::3 différ~, le Nouvel ~ kurde. ,~ C'était dimanche après-midi. à ~ Cran, ,dans l'enceinte du. gyms: ;ri;J.~ç.Sous-Aléry au f:ronton .orné ~ d'un calicQt au slogan explicite: -< " Halte au. massacre! " o "N!lwroz" - nom, béni de ce qui tient lieu pour les Kurdes de rete natio.nale - ,.est célébré tqlls les an~ à la fin mars,. tant à !rïntérieul~ .. du. Kurdistan luiriü~!"1e.que "dans les pays de la d~~RÇlpl" ~s.t.ler!li.l#re~.PP'ripéti~s,politicoc gller~ières.- .impli~ätiqn de l'arrirée Turque dans des 'actions ' ten'estrès et c(Ynsécutive.ment demissicJIl du minl'stre dé la défense. d'Allemagne'fédérale - on'C dlinné 'du relief à l'événe- 'ment. Alitant dire que ce rassemblement fut à la fois'-émpreint de gravité (persistance 'd'une situa- taines installées en France de- .tion~:p'récairê ;'sur le terrain) et puis les années 70. Parmi eux, chalC'lIrel!x parce qu'on ne se bon nombre de réfugiés politidérobepa,à :une; fête' de cette ques dont .Ies 13 Kurdes de importance. haute Savoie visés par une me- Mise sui" pied' pa'r rassociation -', sure d'expulsion en septembre des travailleurs du Kurdistan en 90 et finalement, sauvés d'un France" Komkar ", i~manifesta:- rapatriement catastrophique , tion a doné réuni les nationaux grâce à l'action conjuguée de .kurdes 'et' leurs familles; cer- plusieurs assôciationslocales. régional kurde Participaient à la fête: MM Abdullah Akagunduz, secrétaire national de l'association KOM- KAR,Ali Mehmet responsable du comité de haute Savoie ainsi que divers groupes folkloriques venus de Paris et d'Allemagne Fédérale. Parmi les artistes invités, des orchestres de musique traditionneIle et le fameux troubadour Sivan, . l'un des chanteurs les plus populaires du Kurdistan en exil. Coup de phare sur l'actualité, diaporama sur l'histoire Kurde, et programmes culturels se sont déroulés en alternance assez tard dans la soirée. JP6 •. Manifestation contre le massacre des Kurdes , Unepetite 'centaine de personnes ont défilé 'sous la pluie, samedi à Bordeaux, pour attirer l'attention sur le massacre du peuple kurde Rassemblement place de la Victoire, samedi, en faveur du peuple kurde. (Photo Michel Lacropix). 30 Le Parti conu.umiste turc mar- . " xiste-Léniniste (TKPML), le Parti des travailleurs kurdes (PKK) et le Devrirnci Isci ont mobilisé une . petite centaine de personnes S3lJ1edi sur le coup de 14 heures, place de la Victoire, pour manifester contre le « massacre du peuple kurde par le gourvernement turc ". Les manifes tants, parmi lesquels les « déboutés du droit. d'asile", entendaient égale-. ment signifier au gouvernement français de « prendre clairement position " Durant leur marche les conduisant de la place de la Victoire à la . place Jean-Moulin, les manifestants ont dénoncé les massacres qUi ont eu lieu « le 21 mars pendant la fête du Newroz, le nouvel An kurde , , SUD-QUEST 6 avril 1992 syinbille -de 'rinsùiTèction colitre l'exploitation, la répression et l'esclavage pour les peuples du Moyen- Orient ". Sous des slogans IrOStilesau régime fasciste turc, les manifestants ont arpenté calmement le cours Pasteur et la rue Puffour-Dubergier, provoquant un leger ralentissement alors que la cirC1Ùationde ce samedi pluvieuxétllit dense.
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